中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
状语从句考点解析
知识解析
状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开,位于句末时,其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。
类别 引导词 例句
时间状语从句 when/while/as当……时;before在……之前;after在……之后;since自……以来;until/till直到……为止;as soon as一……就…… When I was doing my homework,my mother came in.当我正在写作业的时候,我妈妈进来了。He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。
条件状语从句 if如果;as long as只要;unless除非 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,I will go to the park.如果明天不下雨,我将会去公园。Unless bad weather stops me,I go for a walk every day.我每天都会去散步,除非遇上坏天气。
原因状语从句 because因为;since既然;as由于 I like to eat apples because they are good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果,因为它们对我的健康有益。
目的状语从句 so that以便,为了;in order that为了 He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得很早,以便能赶上公交车。
结果状语从句 so that结果是;so...that/such...that如此……以至于 It’s so hot outside that nobody wants to go out.外面太热以至于没人想出去。
让步状语从句 though/although尽管,虽然;even if/though即使;whatever无论什么;wherever无论哪里;whenever无论何时 Wherever you go,I will go with you.无论你去哪里,我都跟着你。Whenever you come,I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来,我都会等你。
比较状语从句 than比;as...as...和……一样;not as/so...as不如 He is as clever as Tom.他和汤姆一样聪明。
地点状语从句 where……的地方;wherever无论哪里 Sit wherever you like.随便坐。
1.时间状语从句
(1)when的用法
①when意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。如:
I feel very happy when you come to see me.你们来看我时,我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street,you must be careful.你(们)过马路时,一定要小心。
②when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以用延续性动词,也可以用终止性动词。如:
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai.当我在上海时,我在一家外企工作。
(2)while的用法
while引导时间状语从句时意为“与……同时,在……期间”。while引导的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。 如:
They rushed in while we were discussing problems.当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。
(3)as的用法
as引导时间状语从句时可以表达“当……时,一边……一边,随着”等意思。如:
Helen heard the story as she washed clothes.海伦在洗衣服时听到的那个故事。
We get wiser as we get older.我们随着年龄的增长而变得更聪明。
知识拓展
注意:when,while,as的区别:
易混词 用法 例句
when 可表示瞬间,也可指一段时间。主句和从句中的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生 When I came home,my mother was cooking dinner.当我回家时,我妈妈正在做晚饭。I’ll go home when I have finished my homework.我做完作业后就会回家。
while 表示一段时间或一个过程,只和延续性动词连用,强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的,常对同类的两个动作进行对比 Please write while I read.我读的时候,请跟着写。
as 可与while互换,但as着重指主从句的动作同时发生,而不是一前一后,意为“一边……一边……” They talked as they walked.他们边走边谈。
(4)before与after的用法
before表示“在……之前”,after表示“在……之后”。如:
I will always work hard before I enter Peking University.
在我考上北京大学之前我将一直努力学习。
She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home.我到达她家以后,她让我看了好多漂亮的邮票。
(5)until/till的用法
till/until都表示“直到”,常可换用,但till不用于句首。not...until...表示“直到……才……”。如:
You may stay here until the rain stops.
你可以在这里一直待到雨停。
He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work.
他直到完成工作才上床睡觉。
(6)since的用法
since引导的时间状语从句表示“自……以来”,主句用一般现在时、现在完成时或过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。如:
I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University.我从北京大学毕业后,一直在这家公司上班。
(7)as soon as的用法
as soon as引导的从句表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,意为“一……就……”。该从句经常用一般现在时表示将来。如:
As soon as he arrives,I’ll tell him.他一到,我就告诉他。
2.条件状语从句
(1)if的用法
含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:
I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨,我将去游览长城。
注意:if有两个意思,作“是否”讲时,引导宾语从句,意思同whether一样,从句的时态由事实决定;作“假如,如果”讲时,引导条件状语从句,此时若主句为将来时或祈使句,从句用一般现在时表将来。
He couldn’t tell if she was laughing or crying.
他弄不清她是在笑还是在哭。
We don’t know if it will rain tomorrow.
我们不知道明天是否会下雨。
If it rains tomorrow,we won’t have a sports meet.
明天如果下雨,我们就不开运动会了。
I don’t know if we can visit the museum if it snows tomorrow.
第一个if引导的是宾语从句,第二个if引导条件状语从句,译为“如果明天下雪,我不知道我们是否还能去参观博物馆。”
(2)unless的用法
unless意为“除非,如果不”,相当于“if...not...”。如:
Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,否则比赛将照常进行。
Unless you go at once,you will be late.如果你不马上走,就会迟到的。
(3)as long as的用法
as long as意为“只要”。如:
As long as we show our love,the world will be full of happiness.只要我们表现出我们的爱,世界将会充满幸福。
3.原因状语从句
(1)because的用法
表因果关系的语气最强,用来回答why的问句,所引出的原因往往是听话人所不知道或最感兴趣的,because引导的原因状语从句往往比主句显得更重要。如:
I’m leaving because I am fed up with the boss.我要离开是因为我讨厌老板。
My friends admire me because I am handsome and successful.因为我帅气并且成功,所以我的朋友们羡慕我。
注意:because(因为)和so(所以)不能同时出现在一个句子里,两者只能用其一。
Because he was tired, he couldn’t walk there.=He was tired, so he couldn’t walk there.
因为他累了,所以他不能步行到那儿。
(2)since的用法
引出的原因往往是人们已知的事实,意为“既然”,通常放在句首。在复合句中since引导的从句是次要的,重点是主句的内容。如:
Since Monday is Bob’s birthday,let’s give him a party.
既然星期一是鲍勃的生日,咱们给他办一个聚会吧。
(3)as的用法
as与since用法差不多,所引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because加以强调。as引导的原因状语从句与主句具有同等的重要性。如:
She didn’t hear us come in as she was asleep.她睡着了,没听见我们进来。
(4)now(that)的用法
now(that)主要用于口语,主、从句因果关系不明显,意为“既然”。如:
Now(that)you have come,you may as well stay.既然你已经来了,就留下来吧。
注意:because, for, since, as的区别:
易混词 用法 例句
because 表示原因,强调直接原因和因果关系,它所引导的从句通常放在主句之后。常用来回答“why”引导的疑问句 —Why didn’t you go to the cinema 你为什么没有去看电影 —Because my mother was ill,and I had to stay at home and look after her.因为我妈妈病了,我得在家照顾她。
for 并列连词,表示间接的原因和理由,或对前一分句中事实的解释,for连接的分句不放在句首 Miss Gao can’t be in the office,for the door is locked.高小姐不可能在办公室,因为门是锁着的。
since 表示原因时语气比because弱,但比as强。它一般不表示根本或直接原因,而是一种已知的、显然的理由,意为“既然”,常放在句首 Since everybody is here,let s begin our meeting.既然大家都在这儿,咱们开始开会吧。
as 表示原因时意义最弱,它所阐述的原因只是附带说明。多置于句首,只说明一般的因果关系,意为“鉴于” As you were out,I left a message.你不在,所以我留下了口信儿。
4.目的状语从句
(1)引导目的状语从句的词或词组有lest,so that,in order that 等,从句的谓语中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would 等情态动词。如:
He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.他必须早点起床,以便能按时上班。
(2)当从句主语与主句主语一致时,可用so as to,in order to对从句进行省略。如:
He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
=He worked day and night in order to succeed.
他夜以继日地工作为的是取得成功。
5.结果状语从句
(1)由so...that, such...that 引导
用法 例句
so+形容词或副词+that He was so hard-working that he passed the exam.他如此勤劳,以至于通过了考试。
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that He was such a hard-working boy that he passed the exam.他是如此勤劳的一个男孩,以至于通过了考试。
such+形容词+复数名词+that Here are such interesting books that we can enjoy ourselves.这儿有如此有趣的书,以至于我们能玩得开心。
such+形容词+不可数名词+that There is such delicious bread that I can t help eating. 那儿有如此美味的面包,以至于我忍不住吃。
so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that He was so hard-working a boy that he passed the exam.他是如此勤劳的一个男孩,以至于通过了考试。
当名词前面有many、much、little、few修饰时,用so而不用such。如:
She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.
=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.她是一个这么可爱的女孩,以至于我们都很喜欢她。
We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.我们有如此多的时间,以至于我们能很好地完成工作。
(2)so...that句型的否定形式可用too...to...或not...enough to 构成的简单句代替。如:
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
=He is too young to go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.他太小了不能去上学。
6.让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有though/although(虽然),even though/if(尽管),whoever/no matter who(无论谁),however/no matter how(无论怎样),whatever/no matter what(无论什么)。
(1)though与although的用法
although和though意义一样,都作“虽然,尽管”解,都表示让步,一般情况下可互换使用,只是although语气较重,大多置于句首。两个词可以与yet连用,但不与but连用。如:
They are generous though they are poor.虽然他们很穷,但他们很慷慨。
Although he was Japanese,he spent most of his life in China.尽管他是日本人,但他大多数时间是在中国度过的。
(2)even though与even if的用法
even though与even if都是“尽管,即使”的意思,表示语气更强的让步。如:
Even though he’s 24 now,he’s still like a little child.尽管他现在24岁了,但他仍然像个小孩子。
We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad.即使天气不好,我们也要去旅行。
(3)wh-ever类引导词的用法
在英语中wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,还可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时常可换成“no matter+相应的wh-疑问词”,在引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever。如:
Whenever I’m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.=No matter when I’m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.不管什么时候我不高兴,总是我的朋友使我振作起来。
7.比较状语从句
(1)than的用法
She made fewer mistakes than you did.她比你犯的错误少。
They work harder than we do.他们比我们工作更加努力。
The shirt is more expensive than they think.这件衬衫比他们想象的贵。
(2)as...as和not as/so...as的用法
He knows as much about America as we do.他和我们一样了解美国。
The task is not so easy as it sounds.这项任务不如听起来简单。
注:由于此类从句中有些成分经常要避免和主句的表达发生重复,所以常有省略,看起来结构不太完整。
8.地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要的有where, wherever。
Put the medicine where children cant reach it.把药放在孩子们拿不到的地方。
There were lots of parks where I lived.我住的地方有许多公园。
题组训练
一、将下列句子改为同义句
1.Mr.Jiang bought a robot so as to have more free time.
Mr.Jiang bought a robot have more free time.
2.The match was so exciting that the audience clapped.
It was that the audience clapped.
3.You will be late for school if you don’t hurry.
You will be late for school you hurry.
4.It is thirty years since Mr.Green left his hometown.
Mr.Green his hometown for thirty years.
5.Cycling is not as interesting as diving.
Cycling is interesting diving.
1．（2021·广西中考真题）The great scientist Yuan Longping left us last month, ________ he will live in our hearts for ever.
A．so B．but C．if D．since
2．（2021·湖南益阳市·中考真题）This dress is very beautiful, ______ it doesn’t look good on me.
A．for B．so C．but
3．（2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题）—Have you heard of the news about Yuan Longping
—What sad news! He is no longer with us, ________ he will be an inspiration to us all.
A．so B．if C．but D．as
4．（2021·北京中考真题）The doctors worked for ten hours, ________ nobody took a break.
A．so B．for C．but D．or
5．（2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题）You don’t need to take any cash（现金）when shopping. You may pay by ________ Alipay （支付宝）________ WeChat（微信）.
A．either, or B．neither; nor C．not; but
6．（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）________ he is 72 years old, ________ he keeps running every day.
A．Although; but B．Although; / C．But; /
7．（2021·广西梧州市·中考真题）We won’t believe it ________ we see it with our own eyes.
A．because B．unless C．if D．after
8．（2021·辽宁大连市·中考真题）Tom and Jerry really love each other ________ they fight a lot.
A．if B．though C．until D．because
9．（2021·黑龙江大庆市·中考真题）—I am worrying about our final exam these days.
—There is nothing to worry about ________ you work hard.
A．until B．so that C．as far as D．as long as
10．（2021·山东临沂市·中考真题）________ English has a history of over 2,500 years, the first English dictionary didn’t appear until the 17th century.
A．Because B．Although C．Unless
11．（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）Mary shut the window just now ________ she could keep the insects out.
A．so that B．when C．till D．after
12．（2021·湖北黄石市·中考真题）—I can’t get on well with my family.
—Why not talk with them You should communicate ________ things become worse.
A．until B．unless C．after D．before
13．（2021·湖北襄阳市·中考真题）—When will you go to see your grandpa
—I’ll see him ________ I get off the plane. You know I miss him very much.
A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．as easily as
14．（2021·青海中考真题）________ I walk around in this small town, what I see makes me think of my childhood.
A．Whatever B．Wherever C．Whoever
15．（2021·贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州·中考真题）Judy is an outgoing girl. She shows everything on her face, ________ she is happy or not.
A．whether B．until C．unless D．although
16．（2021·吉林中考真题）Ann didn’t know anything about the news ________ Mrs. Brown told her.
A．because B．until C．if
17．（2021·黑龙江齐齐哈尔市·中考真题）Your parents won’t let you go out alone ________ they are sure you’re safe.
A．since B．if C．unless
18．（2021·山东东营市·中考真题）More and more children are interested in blind boxes ________ they wonder what is inside.
A．so B．because C．unless D．though
19．（2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题）Jason will go to visit his grandparents _________ he finishes his work this weekend.
A．unless B．though C．if
20．（2021·福建中考真题）Nowadays you are supposed to have your temperature taken ________ you enter the school.
A．before B．after C．until
21．（2021·黑龙江鸡西市·中考真题）The doctors were ________ busy ________ they had no time to rest.
A．such; that B．so; that C．too; to
22．（2021·黑龙江鸡西市·中考真题）We’ll cause more pollution ________ we find ways to recycle more rubbish.
A．unless B．if C．although
23．（2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题）—I’m afraid I can’t do well in the sports meeting.
—Don’t worry. I will support you, _________ you don’t succeed.
A．even if B．if C．so that D．unless
24．（2021·新疆中考真题）We can achieve our dream ________ we don’t give up hope in the face of difficulties.
A．even though B．as long as C．so that D．no matter what
25．（2021·湖北荆州市·中考真题）— How do you like the singing competition yesterday
— Exciting, ______ some students didn’t do very well.
A．so B．and C．though D．because
26．（2021·青海中考真题）—Paul is badly hurt on the playground. Let’s help him up.
—Don’t move him ________ you know some first-aid knowledge.
A．unless B．if C．until
27．（2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州·中考真题）Boys and girls, read the new words again ______ you forget.
A．till B．before C．since
28．（2021·山西中考真题）Please don’t hurt the little animals ________ you see them on the street. They are our friends.
A．so B．when C．unless
29．（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）You need to practise speaking every day ________ you hope to improve your spoken English.
A．if B．although C．unless D．until
30．（2021·河北中考真题）I love to listen to rock music ________ I am running.
A．while B．after C．since D．until
31．（2021·天津中考真题）My cousin became a country doctor ________ he finished medical school.
A．after B．so that C．but D．so
32．（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）— I’m afraid that we can’t ________ the math problem ________ the teacher helps us.
— That’s true. It’s too difficult.
A．work on; if B．work on; unless C．work out; if D．work out; unless
33．（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）________ you practice every day, you won’t make any progress.
A．Although B．Unless C．If D．Since
34．（2021·江西中考真题）There are no buses to the beach. ________ you have a car, it’s difficult to get there.
A．Since B．After C．Unless D．Because
35．（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A．Until B．If C．Although D．Whether
36．（2021·云南中考真题）________ he heard the little girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room.
A．As soon as B．Unless C．If D．Although
37．（2021·云南昆明市·中考真题）You can’t make progress in math learning ________ you work harder.
A．if B．after C．unless D．because
38．（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）At the meeting, the managers kept arguing about the problem ________ they reached an agreement.
A．after B．when C．until D．since
39．（2021·重庆中考真题）We were lucky yesterday. The bus left ________ we got on it.
A．before B．although C．until D．as soon as
40．（2021·重庆中考真题）We should take the rest of the food home ________ we can’t finish what we order.
A．if B．so C．unless D．until
41．（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）—Would you like to help me clean the house this weekend
—I’d like to ________ I finish my homework.
A．before B．though C．if
42．（2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题）Our headmaster asks us to watch news every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world.
A．so that B．even though C．in order to D．instead of
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
状语从句考点解析
知识解析
状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开,位于句末时,其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。
类别 引导词 例句
时间状语从句 when/while/as当……时;before在……之前;after在……之后;since自……以来;until/till直到……为止;as soon as一……就…… When I was doing my homework,my mother came in.当我正在写作业的时候,我妈妈进来了。He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。
条件状语从句 if如果;as long as只要;unless除非 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,I will go to the park.如果明天不下雨,我将会去公园。Unless bad weather stops me,I go for a walk every day.我每天都会去散步,除非遇上坏天气。
原因状语从句 because因为;since既然;as由于 I like to eat apples because they are good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果,因为它们对我的健康有益。
目的状语从句 so that以便,为了;in order that为了 He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得很早,以便能赶上公交车。
结果状语从句 so that结果是;so...that/such...that如此……以至于 It’s so hot outside that nobody wants to go out.外面太热以至于没人想出去。
让步状语从句 though/although尽管,虽然;even if/though即使;whatever无论什么;wherever无论哪里;whenever无论何时 Wherever you go,I will go with you.无论你去哪里,我都跟着你。Whenever you come,I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来,我都会等你。
比较状语从句 than比;as...as...和……一样;not as/so...as不如 He is as clever as Tom.他和汤姆一样聪明。
地点状语从句 where……的地方;wherever无论哪里 Sit wherever you like.随便坐。
1.时间状语从句
(1)when的用法
①when意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。如:
I feel very happy when you come to see me.你们来看我时,我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street,you must be careful.你(们)过马路时,一定要小心。
②when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以用延续性动词,也可以用终止性动词。如:
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai.当我在上海时,我在一家外企工作。
(2)while的用法
while引导时间状语从句时意为“与……同时,在……期间”。while引导的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。 如:
They rushed in while we were discussing problems.当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来。
(3)as的用法
as引导时间状语从句时可以表达“当……时,一边……一边,随着”等意思。如:
Helen heard the story as she washed clothes.海伦在洗衣服时听到的那个故事。
We get wiser as we get older.我们随着年龄的增长而变得更聪明。
知识拓展
注意:when,while,as的区别:
易混词 用法 例句
when 可表示瞬间,也可指一段时间。主句和从句中的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生 When I came home,my mother was cooking dinner.当我回家时,我妈妈正在做晚饭。I’ll go home when I have finished my homework.我做完作业后就会回家。
while 表示一段时间或一个过程,只和延续性动词连用,强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的,常对同类的两个动作进行对比 Please write while I read.我读的时候,请跟着写。
as 可与while互换,但as着重指主从句的动作同时发生,而不是一前一后,意为“一边……一边……” They talked as they walked.他们边走边谈。
(4)before与after的用法
before表示“在……之前”,after表示“在……之后”。如:
I will always work hard before I enter Peking University.
在我考上北京大学之前我将一直努力学习。
She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home.我到达她家以后,她让我看了好多漂亮的邮票。
(5)until/till的用法
till/until都表示“直到”,常可换用,但till不用于句首。not...until...表示“直到……才……”。如:
You may stay here until the rain stops.
你可以在这里一直待到雨停。
He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work.
他直到完成工作才上床睡觉。
(6)since的用法
since引导的时间状语从句表示“自……以来”,主句用一般现在时、现在完成时或过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。如:
I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University.我从北京大学毕业后,一直在这家公司上班。
(7)as soon as的用法
as soon as引导的从句表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,意为“一……就……”。该从句经常用一般现在时表示将来。如:
As soon as he arrives,I’ll tell him.他一到,我就告诉他。
2.条件状语从句
(1)if的用法
含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:
I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨,我将去游览长城。
注意:if有两个意思,作“是否”讲时,引导宾语从句,意思同whether一样,从句的时态由事实决定;作“假如,如果”讲时,引导条件状语从句,此时若主句为将来时或祈使句,从句用一般现在时表将来。
He couldn’t tell if she was laughing or crying.
他弄不清她是在笑还是在哭。
We don’t know if it will rain tomorrow.
我们不知道明天是否会下雨。
If it rains tomorrow,we won’t have a sports meet.
明天如果下雨,我们就不开运动会了。
I don’t know if we can visit the museum if it snows tomorrow.
第一个if引导的是宾语从句,第二个if引导条件状语从句,译为“如果明天下雪,我不知道我们是否还能去参观博物馆。”
(2)unless的用法
unless意为“除非,如果不”,相当于“if...not...”。如:
Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,否则比赛将照常进行。
Unless you go at once,you will be late.如果你不马上走,就会迟到的。
(3)as long as的用法
as long as意为“只要”。如:
As long as we show our love,the world will be full of happiness.只要我们表现出我们的爱,世界将会充满幸福。
3.原因状语从句
(1)because的用法
表因果关系的语气最强,用来回答why的问句,所引出的原因往往是听话人所不知道或最感兴趣的,because引导的原因状语从句往往比主句显得更重要。如:
I’m leaving because I am fed up with the boss.我要离开是因为我讨厌老板。
My friends admire me because I am handsome and successful.因为我帅气并且成功,所以我的朋友们羡慕我。
注意:because(因为)和so(所以)不能同时出现在一个句子里,两者只能用其一。
Because he was tired, he couldn’t walk there.=He was tired, so he couldn’t walk there.
因为他累了,所以他不能步行到那儿。
(2)since的用法
引出的原因往往是人们已知的事实,意为“既然”,通常放在句首。在复合句中since引导的从句是次要的,重点是主句的内容。如:
Since Monday is Bob’s birthday,let’s give him a party.
既然星期一是鲍勃的生日,咱们给他办一个聚会吧。
(3)as的用法
as与since用法差不多,所引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because加以强调。as引导的原因状语从句与主句具有同等的重要性。如:
She didn’t hear us come in as she was asleep.她睡着了,没听见我们进来。
(4)now(that)的用法
now(that)主要用于口语,主、从句因果关系不明显,意为“既然”。如:
Now(that)you have come,you may as well stay.既然你已经来了,就留下来吧。
注意:because, for, since, as的区别:
易混词 用法 例句
because 表示原因,强调直接原因和因果关系,它所引导的从句通常放在主句之后。常用来回答“why”引导的疑问句 —Why didn’t you go to the cinema 你为什么没有去看电影 —Because my mother was ill,and I had to stay at home and look after her.因为我妈妈病了,我得在家照顾她。
for 并列连词,表示间接的原因和理由,或对前一分句中事实的解释,for连接的分句不放在句首 Miss Gao can’t be in the office,for the door is locked.高小姐不可能在办公室,因为门是锁着的。
since 表示原因时语气比because弱,但比as强。它一般不表示根本或直接原因,而是一种已知的、显然的理由,意为“既然”,常放在句首 Since everybody is here,let s begin our meeting.既然大家都在这儿,咱们开始开会吧。
as 表示原因时意义最弱,它所阐述的原因只是附带说明。多置于句首,只说明一般的因果关系,意为“鉴于” As you were out,I left a message.你不在,所以我留下了口信儿。
4.目的状语从句
(1)引导目的状语从句的词或词组有lest,so that,in order that 等,从句的谓语中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would 等情态动词。如:
He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.他必须早点起床,以便能按时上班。
(2)当从句主语与主句主语一致时,可用so as to,in order to对从句进行省略。如:
He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
=He worked day and night in order to succeed.
他夜以继日地工作为的是取得成功。
5.结果状语从句
(1)由so...that, such...that 引导
用法 例句
so+形容词或副词+that He was so hard-working that he passed the exam.他如此勤劳,以至于通过了考试。
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that He was such a hard-working boy that he passed the exam.他是如此勤劳的一个男孩,以至于通过了考试。
such+形容词+复数名词+that Here are such interesting books that we can enjoy ourselves.这儿有如此有趣的书,以至于我们能玩得开心。
such+形容词+不可数名词+that There is such delicious bread that I can t help eating. 那儿有如此美味的面包,以至于我忍不住吃。
so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that He was so hard-working a boy that he passed the exam.他是如此勤劳的一个男孩,以至于通过了考试。
当名词前面有many、much、little、few修饰时,用so而不用such。如:
She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.
=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.她是一个这么可爱的女孩,以至于我们都很喜欢她。
We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.我们有如此多的时间,以至于我们能很好地完成工作。
(2)so...that句型的否定形式可用too...to...或not...enough to 构成的简单句代替。如:
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
=He is too young to go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.他太小了不能去上学。
6.让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有though/although(虽然),even though/if(尽管),whoever/no matter who(无论谁),however/no matter how(无论怎样),whatever/no matter what(无论什么)。
(1)though与although的用法
although和though意义一样,都作“虽然,尽管”解,都表示让步,一般情况下可互换使用,只是although语气较重,大多置于句首。两个词可以与yet连用,但不与but连用。如:
They are generous though they are poor.虽然他们很穷,但他们很慷慨。
Although he was Japanese,he spent most of his life in China.尽管他是日本人,但他大多数时间是在中国度过的。
(2)even though与even if的用法
even though与even if都是“尽管,即使”的意思,表示语气更强的让步。如:
Even though he’s 24 now,he’s still like a little child.尽管他现在24岁了,但他仍然像个小孩子。
We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad.即使天气不好,我们也要去旅行。
(3)wh-ever类引导词的用法
在英语中wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,还可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时常可换成“no matter+相应的wh-疑问词”,在引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever。如:
Whenever I’m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.=No matter when I’m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.不管什么时候我不高兴,总是我的朋友使我振作起来。
7.比较状语从句
(1)than的用法
She made fewer mistakes than you did.她比你犯的错误少。
They work harder than we do.他们比我们工作更加努力。
The shirt is more expensive than they think.这件衬衫比他们想象的贵。
(2)as...as和not as/so...as的用法
He knows as much about America as we do.他和我们一样了解美国。
The task is not so easy as it sounds.这项任务不如听起来简单。
注:由于此类从句中有些成分经常要避免和主句的表达发生重复,所以常有省略,看起来结构不太完整。
8.地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要的有where, wherever。
Put the medicine where children cant reach it.把药放在孩子们拿不到的地方。
There were lots of parks where I lived.我住的地方有许多公园。
题组训练
一、将下列句子改为同义句
1.Mr.Jiang bought a robot so as to have more free time.
Mr.Jiang bought a robot so that he could have more free time.
2.The match was so exciting that the audience clapped.
It was such an exciting match that the audience clapped.
3.You will be late for school if you don’t hurry.
You will be late for school unless you hurry.
4.It is thirty years since Mr.Green left his hometown.
Mr.Green has been away from his hometown for thirty years.
5.Cycling is not as interesting as diving.
Cycling is less interesting than diving.
1．（2021·广西中考真题）The great scientist Yuan Longping left us last month, ________ he will live in our hearts for ever.
A．so B．but C．if D．since
【答案】B
【详解】句意：伟大的科学家袁隆平上个月离开了我们，但他将永远活在我们的心中。
考查连词辨析。so因此；but但是；if如果；since自从。“The great scientist Yuan Longping left us last month”与“he will live in our hearts for ever”是转折关系，故选B。
2．（2021·湖南益阳市·中考真题）This dress is very beautiful, ______ it doesn’t look good on me.
A．for B．so C．but
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这件衣服很漂亮，但我穿不好看。
考查连词辨析。for因为；so所以；but但是。分析前后两句，构成转折关系，用but连接，故选C。
3．（2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题）—Have you heard of the news about Yuan Longping
—What sad news! He is no longer with us, ________ he will be an inspiration to us all.
A．so B．if C．but D．as
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你听说过关于袁隆平的消息吗？——多么不幸的消息！他已不在我们身边，但他将激励我们所有人。
考查连词辨析。so所以；if如果；but但是；as由于。“He is no longer with us”与“he will be an inspiration to us all”是转折关系，故选C。
4．（2021·北京中考真题）The doctors worked for ten hours, ________ nobody took a break.
A．so B．for C．but D．or
【答案】C
【详解】句意：医生们已经工作了十个小时，但是没人休息。
考查连词辨析。so因此；for为了；but但是；or或者。根据前后句句意可知，“连续工作十小时”和“不休息”之间存在转折关系。故选C。
5．（2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题）You don’t need to take any cash（现金）when shopping. You may pay by ________ Alipay （支付宝）________ WeChat（微信）.
A．either, or B．neither; nor C．not; but
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你购物时不需要带现金。您可以通过支付宝或微信支付。
考查并列连词。either...or或者……或者……；neither...nor既不……也不……；not...but不是……而是……；结合语境及常识可知，此处指的是可以用支付宝或微信支付，应用either...or...连接，故选A。
6．（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）________ he is 72 years old, ________ he keeps running every day.
A．Although; but B．Although; / C．But; /
【答案】B
【详解】句意：虽然他已经72岁了，但他坚持每天跑步。
考查连词。Although虽然；but但是。分析“…he is 72 years old…he keeps running every day.”可知，前句表示“虽然”，用although连接；英文关联词二选一，不能同时出现，故选B。
7．（2021·广西梧州市·中考真题）We won’t believe it ________ we see it with our own eyes.
A．because B．unless C．if D．after
【答案】B
【详解】句意：除非亲眼所见，否则我们是不会相信的。
考查连词。because因为；unless除非；if如果；after在……之后。根据语境可知，此处应用连词unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。
8．（2021·辽宁大连市·中考真题）Tom and Jerry really love each other ________ they fight a lot.
A．if B．though C．until D．because
【答案】B
【详解】句意：汤姆和杰瑞虽然经常吵架，但他们真的很相爱。
考查连词。if如果；though虽然；until直到；because因为；根据空格前后句可知，两句之间有转折关系，应用though引导让步状语从句，故选B。
9．（2021·黑龙江大庆市·中考真题）—I am worrying about our final exam these days.
—There is nothing to worry about ________ you work hard.
A．until B．so that C．as far as D．as long as
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——这几天我在担心期末考试。——只要你努力工作，就没有什么可担心的。
考查从属连词辨析。until直到；so that以便，为了；as far as就……而言；as long as只要。“you work hard”是“There is nothing to worry about”的条件，用as long as引导条件状语从句，故选D。
10．（2021·山东临沂市·中考真题）________ English has a history of over 2,500 years, the first English dictionary didn’t appear until the 17th century.
A．Because B．Although C．Unless
【答案】B
【详解】句意：虽然英语有2500多年的历史，但第一本英语词典直到17世纪才出现。
考查连词辨析。because因为；although尽管；unless除非。“English has a history of over 2,500 years”与“the first English dictionary didn’t appear until the 17th century”是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，故选B。
11．（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）Mary shut the window just now ________ she could keep the insects out.
A．so that B．when C．till D．after
【答案】A
【详解】句意：玛丽刚才关上了窗户，以便把昆虫挡在外面。
考查连词。so that为了；when当……时；till直到；after在……之后；根据空格前后句可知，关窗户的目的是挡住昆虫，此处应用so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。
12．（2021·湖北黄石市·中考真题）—I can’t get on well with my family.
—Why not talk with them You should communicate ________ things become worse.
A．until B．unless C．after D．before
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我不能和我的家人友好相处。——为什么不和他们好好谈谈呢？你应该在事情变得更糟糕之前和家人沟通。
考查连词。until直到；unless除非；after之后；before在……之前。根据“things become worse”可知表达“在事情变得更糟之前”，用连词 “before”引导时间状语从句。故选D。
13．（2021·湖北襄阳市·中考真题）—When will you go to see your grandpa
—I’ll see him ________ I get off the plane. You know I miss him very much.
A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．as easily as
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你什么时候去看你爷爷？——我一下飞机就去见他。你知道我非常想念他。
考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as far as就……而言；as easily as如……一样容易。根据“I’ll see him …I get off the plane”可知，是一下飞机就去见爷爷，故选A。
14．（2021·青海中考真题）________ I walk around in this small town, what I see makes me think of my childhood.
A．Whatever B．Wherever C．Whoever
【答案】B
【详解】句意：无论我在这个小镇上走到哪里，我所看到的都会让我想起我的童年。
考查词义辨析。Whatever无论什么；Wherever无论哪里；Whoever无论是谁。根据“…I walk around in this small town”可知，此处表示“无论哪里”，故选B。
15．（2021·贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州·中考真题）Judy is an outgoing girl. She shows everything on her face, ________ she is happy or not.
A．whether B．until C．unless D．although
【答案】A
【详解】句意：朱迪是个外向的女孩。她把一切都表现在脸上，不管她高兴与否。
考查连词。whether是否；until直到……才；unless除非；although尽管。whether or not为固定搭配，意为“是否”，符合句意，故选A。
16．（2021·吉林中考真题）Ann didn’t know anything about the news ________ Mrs. Brown told her.
A．because B．until C．if
【答案】B
【详解】句意：直到布朗先生告诉她，安才知道这个消息。
考查连词。because因为；until直到；if如果。根据 “Ann didn’t know anything about the news”可知句子用“not…until”表示 “直到……才……”。故选B。
17．（2021·黑龙江齐齐哈尔市·中考真题）Your parents won’t let you go out alone ________ they are sure you’re safe.
A．since B．if C．unless
【答案】C
【详解】句意：除非你的父母确定你的安全，否则他们不会让你单独出去的。
考查连词辨析。since自从；if如果；unless除非。“they are sure you’re safe”表示否定的条件，可用unless引导条件状语从句，相当于if not，故选C。
18．（2021·山东东营市·中考真题）More and more children are interested in blind boxes ________ they wonder what is inside.
A．so B．because C．unless D．though
【答案】B
【详解】句意：越来越多的孩子对盲盒感兴趣，因为他们想知道盒子里装的是什么。
考查连词辨析。so所以；because因为；unless除非；though尽管。“More and more children are interested in blind boxes”与“they wonder what is inside”是因果关系，后是因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。
19．（2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题）Jason will go to visit his grandparents _________ he finishes his work this weekend.
A．unless B．though C．if
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果杰森这个周末完成工作，他将去看望他的祖父母。
考查连词。unless除非；though虽然；if如果；根据句意可知， 前后句是假设的条件关系，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。
20．（2021·福建中考真题）Nowadays you are supposed to have your temperature taken ________ you enter the school.
A．before B．after C．until
【答案】A
【详解】句意：现在你应该在进入学校之前测量体温。
考查连词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到……。根据语境，应是在你进入学校之前测量体温。故选A。
21．（2021·黑龙江鸡西市·中考真题）The doctors were ________ busy ________ they had no time to rest.
A．such; that B．so; that C．too; to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：医生们太忙了，没有时间休息。
考查结果状语从句。busy是形容词，“they had no time to rest”是句子，所以此处用so…that…引导结果状语从句，故选B。
22．（2021·黑龙江鸡西市·中考真题）We’ll cause more pollution ________ we find ways to recycle more rubbish.
A．unless B．if C．although
【答案】A
【详解】句意：除非我们找到回收更多垃圾的方法，否则我们将造成更多的污染。
考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；although虽然。“we find ways to recycle more rubbish”是“We’ll cause more pollution”否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句，相当于if not，故选A。
23．（2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题）—I’m afraid I can’t do well in the sports meeting.
—Don’t worry. I will support you, _________ you don’t succeed.
A．even if B．if C．so that D．unless
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——恐怕我在运动会上做不好。——别担心。即使你不成功，我也会支持你。
考查连词。even if即使；if如果；so that为了；unless除非；根据句意可知，此处表达的是即使没有成功，也会支持对方，应用even if引导让步状语从句，故选A。
24．（2021·新疆中考真题）We can achieve our dream ________ we don’t give up hope in the face of difficulties.
A．even though B．as long as C．so that D．no matter what
【答案】B
【详解】句意：只要我们在困难面前不放弃希望，我们就能实现梦想。
考查连词辨析。even though尽管；as long as只要；so that以便于；no matter what不管什么。“We can achieve our dream”与“we don’t give up hope in the face of difficulties”是条件关系，只要不放弃，就会实现梦想，用as long as引导条件状语从句，故选B。
25．（2021·湖北荆州市·中考真题）— How do you like the singing competition yesterday
— Exciting, ______ some students didn’t do very well.
A．so B．and C．though D．because
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你觉得昨天的歌唱比赛怎么样？——令人兴奋，尽管有些学生做得不是很好。
考查连词辨析。so所以；and和；though尽管；because因为。“Exciting”与“some students didn’t do very well”是转折关系，尽管一些学生表现得不好，但还是很令人兴奋，用though引导让步状语从句，故选C。
26．（2021·青海中考真题）—Paul is badly hurt on the playground. Let’s help him up.
—Don’t move him ________ you know some first-aid knowledge.
A．unless B．if C．until
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——保罗在操场上受了重伤。让我们把他扶起来。——除非你懂一些急救知识，否则不要动他。
考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；until直到。根据“Don’t move him…you know some first-aid knowledge.”可知，此处表示一种否定的条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。
27．（2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州·中考真题）Boys and girls, read the new words again ______ you forget.
A．till B．before C．since
【答案】B
【详解】句意：同学们，在忘记之前再读一遍生词。
考查连词辨析。till直到；before在……之前；since自从。根据“read the new words again…you forget”可知，是在忘记之前，故选B。
28．（2021·山西中考真题）Please don’t hurt the little animals ________ you see them on the street. They are our friends.
A．so B．when C．unless
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当你在街上看到小动物时，请不要伤害它们。它们是我们的朋友。
考查连词辨析。so因此；when当……时候；unless除非。根据“Please don’t hurt the little animals ... you see them on the street.”可知此处主从复合句，表示当看到小动物时不要伤害它们，用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
29．（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）You need to practise speaking every day ________ you hope to improve your spoken English.
A．if B．although C．unless D．until
【答案】A
【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的英语口语，你需要每天练习口语。
考查连词辨析。if如果；although尽管；unless除非；until直到。根据“You need to practise speaking every day”以及“you hope to improve your spoken English”可知，如果想提高英语口语，就需要每天练习口语，此处为if引导的条件状语从句。故选A。
30．（2021·河北中考真题）I love to listen to rock music ________ I am running.
A．while B．after C．since D．until
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我喜欢在跑步的时候听摇滚乐。
考查连词辨析。while当……时；after在……之后；since自从；until直到。根据“I love to listen to rock music…I am running.”可知，此处强调在做某事时，用while+延续动词，故选A。
31．（2021·天津中考真题）My cousin became a country doctor ________ he finished medical school.
A．after B．so that C．but D．so
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我表弟读完医学院后成为一名乡村医生。
考查时间状语从句。after在……之后，引导时间状语从句；so that为了，引导目的状语从句；but但是，表转折；so因此，因果。结合句意可知，“became a country doctor ”发生在“finished medical school”之后，所以用after引导时间状语从句，故选A。
32．（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）— I’m afraid that we can’t ________ the math problem ________ the teacher helps us.
— That’s true. It’s too difficult.
A．work on; if B．work on; unless C．work out; if D．work out; unless
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——除非老师帮助我们，否则恐怕我们解不出这道数学题。——那是真的。太难了。
考查动词短语和连词。work on从事于……；work out解决，算出；if如果；unless除非；根据“the math problem”可知，第一空指的是算出数学题，应用work out；结合前后句语境可知，第二空表达的是“除非老师帮助我们，否则……”，应用unless引导条件状语从句，故选D。
33．（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）________ you practice every day, you won’t make any progress.
A．Although B．Unless C．If D．Since
【答案】B
【详解】句意：除非你每天练习，否则你不会有任何进步。
考查连词辨析。Although虽然；Unless除非；If如果；Since因为。分析“…you practice every day, you won’t make any progress.”可知，此处表示否定的条件，用unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。
34．（2021·江西中考真题）There are no buses to the beach. ________ you have a car, it’s difficult to get there.
A．Since B．After C．Unless D．Because
【答案】C
【详解】句意：没有去海滩的公共汽车。除非你有车，否则很难到达那里。
考查连词辨析。since自从；after在……之后；unless除非；because因为。分析“…you have a car, it’s difficult to get there.”可知，此处表示否定的条件，用unless引导条件状语从句，故选C。
35．（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）________ we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A．Until B．If C．Although D．Whether
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果我们总是等待另一天，我们的生命将徒劳地逝去。
考查连词辨析。Until直到……；If如果；Although虽然；Whether是否。分析前后句句意，前句是后句动作发生的条件，故空处连词应用if，如果。故选B。
36．（2021·云南中考真题）________ he heard the little girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room.
A．As soon as B．Unless C．If D．Although
【答案】A
【详解】句意：他一听到小女孩在外面喊救命，就冲出了房间。
考查连词辨析。As soon as一……就；Unless除非；If如果；Although虽然。根据“…he heard the little girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room.”可知，此处表示“一……就”，用as soon as引导时间状语从句，故选A。
37．（2021·云南昆明市·中考真题）You can’t make progress in math learning ________ you work harder.
A．if B．after C．unless D．because
【答案】C
【详解】句意：除非你更加努力，否则你在数学学习上是不会进步的。
考查连词辨析。if如果；after在……之后；unless除非；because因为。根据“you work harder”是在数学学习中取得进步的条件，结合“can’t”可知此处表示否定的条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。
38．（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）At the meeting, the managers kept arguing about the problem ________ they reached an agreement.
A．after B．when C．until D．since
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在会议上，经理们一直就这个问题争论不休，直到达成协议。
考查连词辨析。after在……之后；when当……时；until直到；since自从。根据“the managers kept arguing about the problem …they reached an agreement”可知，直到达成协议为止，故选C。
39．（2021·重庆中考真题）We were lucky yesterday. The bus left ________ we got on it.
A．before B．although C．until D．as soon as
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们昨天很幸运。我们一上车，公共汽车就开走了。
考查连词。before在……之前；although虽然；until直到……；as soon as一……就；由“We were lucky yesterday.”可知，幸运是因为一上车，车就开走了，应用as soon as引导时间状语从句，故选D。
40．（2021·重庆中考真题）We should take the rest of the food home ________ we can’t finish what we order.
A．if B．so C．unless D．until
【答案】A
【详解】句意：如果我们点不完，我们应该把剩下的食物带回家。
考查连词辨析。if如果；so所以；unless除非；until直到。根据“We should take the rest of the food home”及“we can’t finish what we order”可知，后文是条件，如果吃不完点的食物，就应该把所剩的拿回家，用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。
41．（2021·四川自贡市·中考真题）—Would you like to help me clean the house this weekend
—I’d like to ________ I finish my homework.
A．before B．though C．if
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这周末你想要帮我打扫房子吗？——如果我写完作业，我就帮。
考查条件状语从句。before在……之前；though尽管；if如果。根据句意可知，此处表条件，即如果写完作业，就帮忙，用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
42．（2021·四川遂宁市·中考真题）Our headmaster asks us to watch news every day ________ we can find out what’s going on around the world.
A．so that B．even though C．in order to D．instead of
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们的校长要求我们每天看新闻，这样我们就可以了解世界各地的情况。
考查连词。so that为了；even though尽管；in order to为了，后接短语或单词；instead of代替；“we can find out what’s going on around the world.”是前句的目的，且空格后是句子，应用so that引导目的状语
从句，故选A。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
