U2辅音—初中英语48个音标-自然拼读-构词法讲义

U2-1. 辅音-爆破音：
爆破音是指嘴巴快速张开后，象“爆破的气流”一样冲击而出形成的音。爆破音
分三组共 6 个。其中振动到声带的叫浊辅音，未振动到声带的叫清辅音。
[ ] [ ] [ ] 清辅音

10
[ ] [ ] [ ] 浊辅音

Page 18
[ ]
park - pain - pear - pig - pink - pick - post - put - paint - point
p paper - patient - period - perfect - person - pilot - picture - purple
pretty - popular - position - practise - happy - puppy
[ ]
back - bad - bar - best - beg - bee - beer - bear - bye - but - big
b beat - bike - boat - both - board - Bob - bored - bought - busy
blind - bring - table - fibre - cube - hobby - bill - beautiful
bu buy - build
[ sp~ ]浊化产生的音：
spy - speak - speech - sport - spark - spot - Spain - spear - spare
sp~ spend - space - special - spider - split - splendid - spring - spread
特殊情况下的浊化：open
Page 19
[ ]
toy - toe - Tom - taste - take - talk - tall - tell - term - till - time - too
t top - turn - type - touch - get - let - wet - street - beat - meet - hit
tired - toilet - letter - better - hotter - Scott - little - bottle - turtle
[ ]
dad - dark - date - day - dear - dare - did - die - deal
d dead - desk - do - does - done - down - kid - made - word - lady
dinner - dirty - duty - daily - daughter - decide - during
[ st~ ]浊化产生的音：
stick - step - stock - stop - star - start - stay - steel - still - stone
st~ stand - stair - state - study
Page 20
[ ]
key - keep -kept - kick - kiss - kite - king - kid - kind - kangaroo
k work - fork - ask - cook - cake - make - lake - wake - joke - snake
cook - come - can - cry - clock - climb - camp - act - fact - clever
c picnic - basic - traffic - cartoon - Canada - Canadian - courious
~ck pick - kick - lick - sick - back - quick - check
ch ache - stomach - toothache - chemistry - character
[ ]
go - got - goal - goat - gain - gave - game - get - give - girl - gift
good - gone - gun - big - fig - beg - bag - frog - bigger
g glass - glad - glue- green - grow - grass - great - greet - group
garden - garage - forget - target
gu guy - guide - guard - guess - guest - guitar
gh ghost
[ sk~ ]浊化产生的音：
sc~ scale - score - scarf - scared - Scott - screen - screw - scratch
sch~ school - scheme - schedule
sk~ skirt - skin - skate - sky
squ~ square - squirrel
Page 21
U2-2. 辅音-摩擦音：
摩擦音是由嘴及喉咙构成相对较小的缝隙，让气流以“摩擦”的方式发出来而形
成的音。摩擦音有四组半共 7 个。其中振动到声带的叫浊辅音，未振动到声带的
叫清辅音。
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 清辅音

3
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 浊辅音

Page 22
[ ]
farm - farmer - fat - face - four - foot - feet - fox - fork - five - fit - fish
fix - fan - fight - first - fetch - fun - fair - life - wife - knife - leaf
f friend - fruit - fridge - frog - floor - fly - flag - flat - traffic - giraffe
father - farther - family - fifty - finger - funny
ph photo - phone - elephant - physics - graphic - phrase
~gh cough - enough - rough - tough - laugh - laughter
[ ]
vest - vase - vote - view - voice - very - visit - vedio - value - volume
v five - live - cave - save - move - serve - river - fever - ever - never
village - vacation - version - avoid - vocabulary - favourite - vegetable
[ ]
sea - see - set - saw - say - sad - save - said - sail - same - sing - sick
s song - sign- since - search - course - horse - worse - this - else - mess
mass - boss - miss - business - sausage - service - situation
c rice - nice - mice - face - juice - price - science - space - city
sc science - scientist - scissors
Page 23
[ ]
z zoo - zero - dozen
rose - nose - close - house - his - has - ours - yours - noise
s visit - these - those - sometimes - busy - season - museum
[ ]
thank - think - thin - third - thought - three - method
th tooth - mouth - maths - health - breath
[ ]
this - that - there - these - those - they - them - than - then - the
th either - neither - other - mother - father - leather - feather
weather - whether - breathe - without
Page 24
[ ]
ship - shit - shift - shall - shape - share - sheep - sheet - she - shirt
sh shy - shoe - show - short - shout - shut - wash - wish - fish - fresh
shadow - sushi - finish - Spanish
s sure - surely
ch machine
[ ] action - nation - motion - caution - vacation - vocation
~tion attention - tradition - translation - exhibition - dictionary
~sion [ ] discusion mission - impression
~cian [ ] musician - magician - technician
~cious [ ] delicious - precious
~cient [ ] ancient
~cial [ ] special
[ ]
~sure [ ] treasure - pleasure - measure pressure
~sion [ ] vision - decision - conclusion - occasion
[ ]
hen - her - have - half - hall - hate - hi - him - high - host - home
h hit - hot - hear - hair - height - horse - house - heart - hard - how
hotel - hurry - husband - history - heavy - hello - happy - harvest
wh~ who - whose - whole
Page 25
U2-3. 辅音-破擦音：
破擦音由一个爆破音和一个摩擦音组成，所以也可以称为双辅音。先发第一个爆
破音（音要短），然后快速发出第二个摩擦音（音相对长）。两音密合，音发出来
后听起来象是一个音。
[ ] [ ] [ ] 清辅音
C
[ ] [ ] [ ] 浊辅音

Page 26
[ ]
China - child - check - cheap - chest - cheer - cheese - choice - chew
ch choose - charge - change - chance - children - chocolate - chopstick
beach - each - teach - March - teacher - sandwich
tch match - catch - watch - fetch - switch - scratch - kitchen
~ture [ ] picture - lecture - nature - temperature - culture
~tion [ ] question - suggestion
[ ]
page - cage - German - Germany - village - message - passage g George - marriage - garage - vegetable - giraffe - geography
jeep - jam - James - job - join - just - juice - jet - June - July - jump
j Japan - Japanese - Jimmy - judge - jacket - journey - jewelry
reject - adject - project
~dge edge - bridge - fridge - judge - knowledge
[ ]
tr~ tree - true - tray - try - treat - trade - track - trick - trunk - tradition
Page 27
[ ]
dr~ dry - draw - drew - drop - drive - driver - dream - drink - drank
[ str~ ]浊化产生的音：
strong - street - stress - strange - straight - strict - strike - stroke
str~ strength - structure
[ ]
boats - seats - costs - beats - lots - meets - streets - lights - fruits
~ts parents - puts - hits - lets - gets - waits - let’s - what’s
~tes votes - notes - hates - writes - tastes - classmates
[ ]
beds - birds - words - seeds - kids - kinds - seeds - goods - olds ~ds winds - friends - seconds - finds - stands - builds
~des sides - hides - slides - decides - guides - trades - includes
Page 28
U2-4. 辅音-鼻音：
嘴巴闭住通过鼻腔共鸣发出的音叫鼻音。鼻音有 3 个，二个前鼻音，一个后鼻音。
鼻音在分类上虽然划归辅音，但从发音原理上跟元音接近，尤其是后鼻音[ ]。
[ ] [ ] [ ]

[ ]
me - mouse - mouth - month - may - meet - mind - miss - might
mine - more - must - much - mad - man - may - most - milk
m marry - medicine - model - moment - museum - swim - million
warm - home - room - farm - calm - harm - seem - some
autumn - climb - bomb
[ ]
no - not - nod - now - note - nut - need - nurse - nice - nine - night
nor - name - nail - near - net - nest - noise - new n noodle - nature - nervous - number - narrow - nation - native
sun - win - kind - keen - seen - sunny - bunny - thinner
kn~ know - knew - knife - knee - knock - knight - knowledge
Page 29
U2-5. 辅音-舌侧音：
舌侧音是由舌尖顶住上齿龈、让气流从舌头两边通过而发出的音。舌侧音分卷舌
与不卷舌 2 个。
[ ] [ ] [ ] 在词尾或元音后发成元音


[ ]
light - life - lie - little - live - last - late - lake - lay - law - lamp
l~ laugh - less - let - learn - leave - living - lick - list - lose - lost
long - lot - low - loud - lower - ruler - clean - glass - glad
sell - sale - sail - pale - school - rule - pencil - feel - smile - help
silk - milk - film - salt - wild -felt - cold - sold - hold - gold - all
almost - helmet - hospital - metal - capital - travel - animal
~l apple - simple - purple - people - temple - sample - principle
bottle - little - tittle - gentle - handle - candle - middle - noodle
uncle - cycle - circle -single - eagle - angle - able - table - possible
careful - wonderful - greatful - pupil - model
[ ]
read - row - road - rode - rude - raise - ride - risk - ring - rice - rise
r rest - right - river - ruler - rather - really - receive - rabbit - request
Mary - worry - hurry - carry - sorry - berry - borrow
wr~ write - wrist - wrote - wrap - wrong
Page 30
U2-6. 辅音-半元音：
半元音也称滑音，介于纯辅音和纯元音之间。具有元音的语音特性，但起辅音的
音系作用。半元音也有 2 个。
[ ] [ ]

[ ]
y yes - year - yellow - yet - yeah - you - your - yard - young
[ ]
w watch - warm - want - we - were - wear - well - was - wet - win - will with - without - worry - work - wonder - would - Wednesday
wh~ what - which - where - when - why - whale - whistle
[ ] quiet - quite - quick - quit - quilt - queen - quest - liquid
qu~ quarter - question - request - quarrel - quality - quantity
su~ suite
gu~ [ ] language
Page 31