外研版必修4Module 2 Traffic JamB卷 能力提升（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版必修4Module 2 Traffic JamB卷 能力提升（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-28 23:44:54 | ||
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Module 2 Traffic Jam B卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Camp Takajo
Camp Season:June 20,2015 to August 15,2015
Camp Address:60 Takajo Road Naples, Maine 04055 USA
Phone:(207) 693-6675
Off-season Address:34 Maple Avenue Armonk, New York 10504 USA
Phone:(914) 273-5020
Camp Takajo provides an upbringing environment for campers, improving their sense of competence and self-worth. We provide opportunities to explore all aspects of their personalities, encouraging them to take risks and expand their boundaries. By the summer's end,we hope that our campers can describe themselves in more positive and concrete terms than they did upon arrival.
We help our boys develop:
Respect for oneself and others
Camp Takajo teaches the importance of making moral choices,forming tolerance and respect for others. Daily team games create an atmosphere of collaboration(合作) rather than "win-at-all-costs".
Courage to face new challenges
Our diverse program of arts and sports provides an opportunity for campers to master skills of each activity. Campers participate in all activities that are offered at camp. Our rope-jumping course and rock-climbing departments allow campers to see the importance of cooperation and perseverance(坚毅) in achieving their goals.
An appreciation of nature
Our boys have opportunities to explore the natural beauty of Maine and New Hampshire on hiking and boating.
1.If you want to get in touch with Camp Takajo on October 15, you should _________.
A.dial (207) 693-6675
B.go to 60 Takajo Road Naples, Maine
C.dial (914) 273-5020
D.go to New Hampshire
2.Who are the intended campers of Camp Takajo
A.Teens.
B.Boys.
C.Girls.
D.Adults.
3.What's the purpose of writing the passage
A.Show readers where Camp Takajo is.
B.Introduce the features of Camp Takajo.
C.Attract more boy readers to join the camp.
D.Tell readers what can be attained in Camp Takajo.
B
Dear Students of Star Middle School,
As the chairman of the student union,I am writing to ask for your support to start the Count-Your-Steps walking program. Mr. Stewart Thomas, a parent of two students at Star Middle School, firstly came up with the idea. Mr. Thomas is a fan of walking and wants to encourage others to appreciate the activity. He shared his idea with our head teacher, Ms. Howser, who immediately agreed that we should try it.
Ms. Howser contacted the other middle schools in the district, and all the teachers eagerly adopted the program. Now a team of Count-Your-Steps organizers made up of representatives from the middle schools, have established the program's goal : to increase awareness(认识) of the benefits of walking. Organizers want middle school students to accept this challenge and make walking one of their daily activities.
The program has clear rules. Interested participants must only promise to record the number of steps taken daily. Ms. Earley, the assistant head teacher, will give each of us a log for recording our steps and a pedometer, which is a small, digital tool used to count the steps of the person wearing it. What all participants need to do each day is wear the pedometer, walk as much as possible, and then record the number of steps in our logs. Clearly, the process is simple and convenient.
While the benefits of walking are various, this challenge offers all who take part in this program the chance to work together, achieve success, and make positive changes. Remember that the other schools in the district have signed up for the Count-Your-Steps too, and each one will try to take more steps than our school. I hope you will agree to this challenge and show everyone the Star Middle School Cougar Spirit.
Please take into careful consideration this valuable and well-planned program, and then sign up today! In the words of Mr. Thomas, "Together we can enjoy the advantages of walking."
Sincerely,
Cora Jeffries
1.Who firstly suggested the Count-Your-Steps walking program
A.Mr. Thomas. B.Ms. Earley. C.Ms. Howser. D.Cora Jeffries.
2.What's the goal of the Count-Your-Steps walking program
A.To show the school spirit. B.To make friends with others.
C.To develop a habit of running. D.To appreciate the benefits of walking.
3.The pedometer is used to _________.
A.find the routes B.record the days C.number the steps D.count the walkers
4.What's the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce school rules. B.To call on students to join a program.
C.To explain the rules of a program. D.To persuade students to buy a pedometer.
C
Driving to a ball game, Duane Innes saw a small truck ahead of him run across lanes of traffic, sideswipe(侧撞) a concrete barrier and continue forward on the inside shoulder(路肩) at about 40 miles per hour.
Innes passed by the truck, and then looked back to see that the driver fell over the wheel. He knew a busy crossroads was just ahead, and he had to act fast. Without seeking the passengers' advice in his car, he said to himself, "There was no time to take a vote."
"If I could get in front of him and let him hit me, we could slow clown together," Innes explained. So he pulled in front of the truck, allowed it to hit his car and brought both vehicles safely to a stop in the pull-off lane.
Some might say the driver of the truck, 80-year-old Bill Pace, might have run into bad luck that day. As a volunteer(志愿者) for Special Olympics, Pace didn't know it at the time, but he'd had a minor heart attack two days earlier and he passed out at the wheel.
State Farm, Pace's insurance company, covered about $ 3,500 in damage to Innes' car, and sent Innes a letter of thanks this summer.
"We wish to thank you for the action you took to save Bill's life," State Farm's Clayton Ande wrote. "State Farm and the Pace family consider you lo be a luminary. I wish there were more people like you in the world."
1.What was Innes going to do with the passengers in his car
A.To watch a ball game. B.To look for Bill Pace.
C.To stop the small truck. D.To do something for Special Olympics.
2.What can we know about Bill Pace according to the passage
A.He brought the small truck to a stop.
B.He discussed with passengers the way to stop the truck.
C.He knew he had a heart attack then.
D.He was lucky to be hit.
3.The underlined word "luminary" is closest in meaning to _________.
A.hero B.doctor C.volunteer D.expert
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.A driver thanks a man who hit him on purpose
B.A terrible accident on the road
C.A letter of thanks
D.A volunteer helps a driver bravely
D
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modem traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true.
Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious kind of pollution. It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in pollution at the same time.
1._____,our world is becoming much smaller.
A.Because of the rise in pollution
B.Thanks to science development
C.Because the earth is being polluted day and night
D.Because earth is blown away by wind every year
2.Hundreds of years ago, life was _____ it is today.
A.much easier than B.as easy as
C.much harder than D.as hard as
3.Air pollution is still the most serious kind of pollution because _____.
A.it makes much noise
B.it makes us angry more easily
C.it makes our rivers and lakes dirty
D.it's bad for all living things in the world
4.Which of the following is NOT true
A.Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.
B.The more people, the more pollution.
C.The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people on the earth.
D.If people could go to work by bus or bike instead of by car or motorbike, it would be helpful in fighting against the problem of SO2.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A garden that's just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sam(总和)of its parts ①__________. But it doesn't happen by accident. Itstarts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
②__________
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). ③__________. However, there are a number of other reasons thatmight explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
Recall (回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad,but that's not what's important. ④__________—how being inthose gardens made us feel. If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. ⑤__________. Then go outside and work out a plan to translateyour childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It's our experience of the garden that matters
D. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Imagine sitting inside a windowless train that's shooting through a tube at twice the speed of an airplane. Your train has no wheels, produces no 1 ， makes its own electricity, and isn't affected by bad weather. This is the hyperloop, a new vision for the world's 2 ， safest, and greenest form of transportation. Many have 3 this new technology, but others say the hyper loop vision is just a bunch of hot air.
Hyperloop developers plan to use the properties of magnets to float, stabilize, and drive the capsules or pods for hundreds of mites through 4 tubes. Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles, what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion, engineers promise.
Supporters of the technology promote additional 5 of transporting passengers and cargo by hyperloop. For example, they firmly state that unlike other city-to-city transport that's 6 ， such as planes or trains, hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed, like Ubers and taxis. While the 7 would hold only 28 to 50 passengers each, developers plan for them to depart stations in groups every minute or so which they say could amount to shuttling 50，000 people an hour. That's more than twice the passenger 8 of the world's fastest trains.
Developers also say that hyperloop tubes would be 9 so they wouldn't interfere with other traffic or threaten wildlife. And tubes would be covered with solar panels to power the hyperloop's systems. 10 ，advocates regard the hyperloop as the transportation choice for the future.
But not everyone is on board. Engineers have calculated that the high-speed vehicles will need to make much wider turns than currently envisioned, and otherwise they won't be 11 for passengers. This would add several miles to the proposed tube tracks, Engineers also say planners haven't included enough time for vehicles to safely brake and take off at stations. Some engineers believe it will take much longer than claimed to pump the 12 out of the tubes before each vehicle's departure. Critics thus say hyperloops can't go as fast or serve as many passengers per hour as advertised, making them 13 existing high-speed transportation options.
Hyperloop companies say they're 14 these concerns. They claim that they can safely maintain high speeds by having the vehicles bank around the turns as a plane does. And their hyperloops will rely on the split-second reaction times of a computer to 15 vehicles quickly, frequently, and safely.
1.A. pollution B. sound C. energy D. wind
2.A. cleanest B. lightest C. latest D. fastest
3.A. adapted B. explored C. embraced D. developed
4.A. totally hollow B. nearly airless C. steadily narrow D. highly flexible
5.A. advantages B. costs C. qualities D. situations
6.A. in constant demands B. on strict timetables
C. in changeable D. on essential services
7.A. cabins B. lorries C. tubes D. vehicles
8.A. fare B. capacity C. speed D. comfort
9.A. underground B. parallel C. elevated D. shared
10.A. However B. Therefore C. Beside D. Otherwise
11.A. available B. economic C. easy D. safe
12.A. force B. air C. heat D. water
13.A. most popular of B. superior to C. no better than D. least profitable
14.A. addressing B. causing C. voicing D. releasing
15.A. ride B. pilot C. park D. alert
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
English and Hawaiian are the two official languages of Hawaii. But for many years, Hawaiian ①___________(be) in danger of disappearing.
The Hawaiian Islands were made by volcanoes, ②___________ lie in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, about 4,000 kilometers from the US mainland. Hawaii's native population came from Polynesia, a collection of ③___________ (hundred) of islands in the North and South Pacific.
In 1778 , the British ④___________ (explore) James Cook and his men landed in what is now Hawaii. At the time, the local population spoke only the Hawaiian language. Later, the area became a protectorate(受保护领地) of Britain and ⑤___________ (rule) by a king. Over time,a great foreign influence over Hawaii's politics and economics led to English being declared(宣布) ⑥___________ official language.
The US controlled the territory in 1898 and Hawaii became a U. S. colony two years later. In 1959, Hawaii was admitted ⑦___________ the 50th state.
During the 1970s, a movement began to seek the wider use of the Hawaiian language. Education officials again permitted the use of Hawaiian in schools. But today, the language is still not ⑧___________ (wide) spoken on the islands.
UNESCO lists the Hawaiian language as "critically endangered". Hawaiian state officials estimated in 2016 that only about 5.7 percent of people ⑨___________ (live) in the state speak Hawaiian at home. For this reason, officials in Hawaii decided to try a fun, new way ⑩___________ (increase) interest in the language among the younger generation.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华，打算寒假和家人去北京旅行，你的新西兰笔友Richard对此很感兴趣，来信询问旅行计划，请你给他回一封信，介绍你的旅行安排。内容如下：
1.交通方式；
2.行程安排；
3.邀请同行。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an evening in July. The skies were darker than normal. Rain fell in big drops, thunder crashed in and lightning flashed across the skies. I shook with cold and fear as I walked through the streams of muddy water. Cars moved slowly because of the traffic jam, while passers-by were rushing by, completely wet in the heavy rain.
Along the way, I saw some schoolchildren grasping their heavy schoolbags and heading home. As more thunder crashed and boomed, I also sped up. Near a crossing, some road repair work was left unfinished. Obviously the workers had left in a hurry because of the storm. There were a few warning signs but it was hard to see what they said and what was on the road. I took a pace towards them — there were pieces of wood and metal as well as a hole which now was half-covered with boards.
I carefully avoided the possible danger and moved on. Seconds later, I stopped as I heard some sounds. They sounded like crying. I turned around, held my breath and listened, trying to figure out where the sounds were coming from, but all I could hear was the wind and the rain. "Maybe it is just the wind," I thought to myself and was about to leave.
"Help!" a loud and desperate scream came behind. Quickly, I turned back and traced the sound to where it had come from. My eyes fell on the place. It was horrible — one young child had fallen into the gaping hole in the road. My heart grew heavier. The boards had been moved away by the force of the rushing water and wind. I could barely see the child as it was dark all around me. I tried to save him, but all my efforts were in vain. "Don't panic!" I pretended to be calm and shouted at the top of my voice. "I'll soon get you out of there."
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
I suddenly thought of a friend who lived nearby. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The parents of the child arrived at the hospital quickly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.C
解析：
1.细节理解题。因为时间为10月15日,属于活动外的时间,故根据文中开头的"Off-season Address: 34 Maple Avenue Armonk, New York 10504 USA; Phone: (914) 273-5020"可知,该题选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文中的"We help our boys develop"以及"Our boys have opportunities..."可知,该营地招收男孩,故选B项。
3.写作意图题。根据文章开头介绍了Camp Takajo的时间、位置以及联系电话,下文介绍了孩子们在其中能得到什么样的发展可知,该篇文章就是为了吸引更多的男孩子来加入该夏令营。故选C项。
B
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.B
解析：1.考査细节理解。根据第一段第二句"Mr. Stewart Thomas, a parent of two students at Star Middle School, firstly came up with the idea" 可知,Mr. Thomas是第一个建议Count-Your-Sleps步行计划的人。故选A。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"...have established the program's goal: to increase awareness(认识)of the benefits of walking"可知,步行计划的目的是重视步行的益处。故选D。
3.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"... and a pedometer, which is a small, digital tool used to count the steps of the person wearing it"可知,计步器是用来记录戴着它的人走的步数的。故选C。
4.考查写作意图。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的"Please take into careful consideration this valuable and well-planned program, and then sign up today"可知,文章的目的是号召学生们仔细考虑这个步行计划,然后报名参加。故选B。
C
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第一句话可知,他开车去看球赛。
2.考查推理判断。根据全文内容尤其是第三段可知,两车都安全地停在了停车车道上。如果不是Innes急中生智,Bill Pace就会因出车祸而受伤。 A、B项都不是Bill Pace的行为;C项与文章内容不相符。
3.考查词义猜测。根据上文中的"We wish to thank you for the action you took to save Bill's life"以及后面的"I wish ihere were more people like you in the world"可推知,State Farm 和 Pace 的家人把他看作一位"杰出人物",而的意思是"英雄",与其意思最接近,故选A
4.考查主旨大意。通读全文内容可知,最能体现全文主旨的是A项"司机感谢主动撞他的人"。
D
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.C
解析：1.随着人口的急剧增长,污染越来越严重。地球是我们共同的家园,减少污染人人有责。
细节理解题。由第一段中...by using modern traffic and modem communication means可知。
2.推理判断题。由第一段中Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago可推知 。
3.细节理解题。由第四段中It's bad for all living things in the world可知。
4.推理判断题。由第五段中Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.可知A是正确的;由第二段中The more people,the more pollution.可知B是正确的;由第五段中Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic.可知D项是正确的。用排除法,可知答案是C。
第二节
答案：F; A; E; C; G
解析：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何种植一个正好适合你的花园。
①考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的"But it doesn't happen by accident. "可知,根据设空处前后句的句意"你是否参观过使你感觉非常好的花园 "和"但是,这并不是偶然发生的。"可知, F项"你也可以把你的花园装饰得如此怡人"使得上下文语意连贯,衔接紧密。故F项符合语境。
②考查子标题。根据下文中的"a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden" 可知,本段主要讲要弄清楚你为什么要搞园艺。,故选A项。
③考查上下文的衔接。本段介绍人们对于园艺的观点:有些人认为花园只是指一些花花草草;有些人关心少用水、少用肥料的园艺方法。设空处仍然在说明人们对园艺不同的看法。 故E项"还有其他一些人只是喜欢待在户外,接触植物" 承接上文。,故选E项。
④考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的"...but that's not what's important" 和下文中的"how being in those gardens made us feel"可知根据设空处前一句"……不重要"可知,强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项符合语境。
⑤考查上下文的衔接。 根据本段内容及主题句" Recall your childhood memories"可知,如果自己装饰一个花园,要回忆一下自己小时候所看到的那些花园,并把这些花园的优点写下来,然后制订计划并把自己以前的记忆变成美丽的花园。故G项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ADCBA 6-10 BDBCB 11-15 DBCAB
解析：1.考查名词及语境理解。A.pollution污染；B.sound声音；C.energy精力；D.wind风。句意：你的火车没有轮子，不产生污染，自己发电，也不受恶劣天气的影响。根据下文makes its own electricity可知，因为自己可以发电，所以不产生污染。故选A。
2.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cleanest最干净的；B.lightest最轻的；C.latest 最新的；D.fastest最快的。句意：这就是超级高铁，世界上最快、最安全、最绿色的交通方式的新愿景。根据前文Imagine sitting inside a windowless train that's shooting through a tube at twice the speed of an airplane可知，这种超级高铁是是飞机速度的两倍，所以是世界上最快的交通方式。故选D。
3.考查动词及语境理解。A.adapted适应；B.explored探索；C.embraced接受；D.developed发展。句意：许多人已经接受了这项新技术。但也有人说，超级高铁的愿景只是一堆空话。根据下文"but others say the hypeloop vision is just a bunch of hot air"中转折可知，许多人已经接受了这项新技术。故选C。
4.考查形容词及语境理解。A.totally hollow完全空洞的；B.nearly airless几乎没有空气的；C.steadily narrow稳步缩小的；D.highly flexible 高度灵活的。句意：超级高铁的开发人员计划利用磁铁的特性来漂浮稳定和驱动胶囊或舱在几乎没有空气的管道中行驶数百英里。根据下文Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles,what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion, engineers promise.可知，因为没有空气，所以是在几乎真空的管道中行驶。故选B。
5.考查名词及语境理解。A.advanage优势；B.costs花费；C.qualities质量；D.situations状况。句意：这项技术的支持者宣扬了使用超级高铁运送乘客和货物的额外优势。根据下文For example,they firmly state that unlike other city-to-city transport that's 6 ，such as planes or trains,hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed, like Ubers and taxis可知，这里陈述超级高铁的优势。故选A。
6.考查短语及语境理解。A.in constant demands不断的需求；B.on srict timetables按照严格的时间表；C.in changeable states在多变状态；D.on essential services 基本服务。句意：例如，他们坚定地表示，不像飞机或火车等其他有严格时间表的城市到城市的交通工具，超级高铁车辆会在需要时离开，比如优步和出租车。根据下文such as planes or trains,hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed,like Ubers and taxis可知，超级高铁像优步和出租车一样，不需要像飞机或火车一样按照严格的时间表才能出发。故选B。
7.考查名词及语境理解。A.cabins小木屋；B.lorries卡车；C.tubes地铁；D.vehicles交通工具。句意：虽然每辆车只能搭载28至50名乘客，但开发商计划让这些车每分钟分批从车站出发，他们说，这样每小时可以运送5万人。这里指超级高铁作为交通工具每辆车的运载能力。故选D。
8.考查名词及语境理解。A.fare车费；B.capacity容量；C.speed速度；D.comfort 安慰。句意：这是世界上最快列车载客量的两倍多。根据前文While the 7 would hold only 28 to 50 passengers each,developers plan for them to depart stations in groups every minute or so which they say could amount to shuttling 50，000 people an hour可知，超级高铁载客容量是世界上最快列车的两倍多。故选B。
9.考查形容词及语境理解。A.underground地下的；B.parallel平行的；C.elevated抬高的；D.shard共享的。句意：开发商还表示，超级高铁管道将会升高，这样它们就不会干扰其他交通或威胁野生动物。根据下文so they wouldn't interfere with other traffic or threaten wildlife可知，可以将超级高铁管道升高建造，这样不会干扰其他交通或威胁野生动物。故选C。
10.考查副词及语境理解。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Beside在旁边；D.Otherwise否则。句意：因此，支持者把超级高铁作为未来的交通选择。根据下文advocates regard the hyperloop as the transportation choice for the future可知，前后句之间为因果关系。故选B。
11.考查形容词及语境理解。A.available可利用的；B.economic经济的；C.easy容易的；D.safe安全的。句意：工程师们计算出，高速车辆需要比目前设想的大得多的转弯，否则对乘客来说就不安全了。根据前文Engineers have calculated that the high-speed vehicles will need to make much wider turns than currently envisioned可知，为了乘客的安全，设计转弯的时候需要很大的弯道。故选D。
12.考查名词及语境理解。A.force力量；B.air空气；C.heat热；D.water水。句意：一些工程师认为，在每辆车离开之前，将空气从管道中抽出所需的时间将比他们声称的要长得多。根据前文Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles,what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion,engineers promise.可知，运行时没有空气，所以需要从管道中抽取空气。故选B。
13.考查短语及语境理解。A.most popular of最流行的；B.superior to比……优越；C.no better than不比……好；D.least profitable of最无利可图的。句意：因此，批评人士说，超级高铁的速度和每小时载客量无法达到广告宣传的水平，因此它们并不比现有的高速交通工具更好。根据前文Critics thus say hyperloops can't go as fast or serve as many passengers per hour as advertised可知，批评人士认为超级高铁并不比现有的高速交通工具更好。故选C。
14.考查动词及语境理解。A.addressing处理；B.causing引起；C.voicing表达；D.releasing释放。句意：超级高铁公司表示，他们正在解决这些问题。根前文Engineers also say planners haven't included enough time for vehicles to safely brake and take off at stations.Some engineers believe it will take much longer than claimed to pump the 12 out of the tubes before each vehicle's departure可知，超级高铁公司正在解决所提出的这些问题。故选A。
15.考查动词及语境理解。A.ride乘坐；B.pilot驾驶；C.park停车；D.alert警报。句意：他们的超回路列车将依靠计算机瞬间的反应时间来快速、频繁、安全地驾驶车辆。根据前文And their hyperloops will rely on the split-second reaction times of a computer 可知，超级高铁公司声称会依靠计算机瞬间的反应时间来解决安全驾驶问题。故选B。
第二节
答案：1. has been2. which3. hundreds4. explorer5. was ruled6. the7. as8. widely9. living10. to increase
解析：
文章介绍了夏威夷群岛上的语言使用历史和现状。
1.has been【解题思路】考査时态。根据时间状语"for many years" 判断,空处应用现在完成时。
2. which【解题思路】考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词volcanoes,且从句中缺少主语,因此填which。
3.hundreds 【解题思路】考査名词复数。hundreds of意为"数以百计的"。
4 .explorer【解题思路】考查名词。由空前的British以及空后的James Cook 可知,空处应填名词explorer。
5. was ruled【解题思路】考査时态和语态。根据上下文可知此处应用一般过去时;且表示"被统治",故应用被动语态。
6. the【解题思路】考查冠词。此处表示英语被宣称为官方语言, 表示特指,故填the。
7. as【解题思路】考査介词。be admitted as意为"被承认是",as意为"作为"。
8. widely【解题思路】考査副词。此处应用副词修饰动词spoken, 故填widely。
9. living【解题思路]考査非谓语动词。people与live是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式作后置定语。
10. to increase【解题思路】考査非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作后置定语,修饰way。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Richard,
How are you getting along？Knowing from your last letter that you are interested in our travel plan to Beijing during the winter vacation, I'm writing to tell you something about it. 【高分句型一】（写信目的）
We're going there by plane and will rent a car afterwards.（交通方式）Our first delight will definitely be the Great Wall, where we can appreciate the great wisdom of ancient Chinese people.【高分句型二】On the following day, we are visiting the Forbidden City to admire the unique royal architectures. And as big fans of Peking Opera, we won't miss a visit to Mei Lanfang Theatre on the last day.（行程安排）
Would you like to join us？Looking forward to your reply.（邀请同行）
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
I suddenly thought of a friend who lived nearby. Without hesitation, I called him telling him about the situation. He readily said he would get some tools. Besides, he asked his neighbor, who had worked as a rescuer, to come along with him. Minutes later, we managed to get the child out. Fortunately, there were only some minor injuries, but he was trembling with fear and cold, failing to speak any words. We immediately sent him to hospital. After he calmed down, he told us his parents' phone number and we informed his parents at once.
The parents of the child arrived at the hospital quickly. They were totally shocked to hear of what had happened. Knowing their son was safe, they walked to us, expressing their gratitude to us again and again and insisting on offering us some-gifts. But we left secretly after one everything was OK. It was a wonderful memory, one I will never forget. I was glad and proud that I had been part of that act. Though the wind continued when I went home, I felt much warmer.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Camp Takajo
Camp Season:June 20,2015 to August 15,2015
Camp Address:60 Takajo Road Naples, Maine 04055 USA
Phone:(207) 693-6675
Off-season Address:34 Maple Avenue Armonk, New York 10504 USA
Phone:(914) 273-5020
Camp Takajo provides an upbringing environment for campers, improving their sense of competence and self-worth. We provide opportunities to explore all aspects of their personalities, encouraging them to take risks and expand their boundaries. By the summer's end,we hope that our campers can describe themselves in more positive and concrete terms than they did upon arrival.
We help our boys develop:
Respect for oneself and others
Camp Takajo teaches the importance of making moral choices,forming tolerance and respect for others. Daily team games create an atmosphere of collaboration(合作) rather than "win-at-all-costs".
Courage to face new challenges
Our diverse program of arts and sports provides an opportunity for campers to master skills of each activity. Campers participate in all activities that are offered at camp. Our rope-jumping course and rock-climbing departments allow campers to see the importance of cooperation and perseverance(坚毅) in achieving their goals.
An appreciation of nature
Our boys have opportunities to explore the natural beauty of Maine and New Hampshire on hiking and boating.
1.If you want to get in touch with Camp Takajo on October 15, you should _________.
A.dial (207) 693-6675
B.go to 60 Takajo Road Naples, Maine
C.dial (914) 273-5020
D.go to New Hampshire
2.Who are the intended campers of Camp Takajo
A.Teens.
B.Boys.
C.Girls.
D.Adults.
3.What's the purpose of writing the passage
A.Show readers where Camp Takajo is.
B.Introduce the features of Camp Takajo.
C.Attract more boy readers to join the camp.
D.Tell readers what can be attained in Camp Takajo.
B
Dear Students of Star Middle School,
As the chairman of the student union,I am writing to ask for your support to start the Count-Your-Steps walking program. Mr. Stewart Thomas, a parent of two students at Star Middle School, firstly came up with the idea. Mr. Thomas is a fan of walking and wants to encourage others to appreciate the activity. He shared his idea with our head teacher, Ms. Howser, who immediately agreed that we should try it.
Ms. Howser contacted the other middle schools in the district, and all the teachers eagerly adopted the program. Now a team of Count-Your-Steps organizers made up of representatives from the middle schools, have established the program's goal : to increase awareness(认识) of the benefits of walking. Organizers want middle school students to accept this challenge and make walking one of their daily activities.
The program has clear rules. Interested participants must only promise to record the number of steps taken daily. Ms. Earley, the assistant head teacher, will give each of us a log for recording our steps and a pedometer, which is a small, digital tool used to count the steps of the person wearing it. What all participants need to do each day is wear the pedometer, walk as much as possible, and then record the number of steps in our logs. Clearly, the process is simple and convenient.
While the benefits of walking are various, this challenge offers all who take part in this program the chance to work together, achieve success, and make positive changes. Remember that the other schools in the district have signed up for the Count-Your-Steps too, and each one will try to take more steps than our school. I hope you will agree to this challenge and show everyone the Star Middle School Cougar Spirit.
Please take into careful consideration this valuable and well-planned program, and then sign up today! In the words of Mr. Thomas, "Together we can enjoy the advantages of walking."
Sincerely,
Cora Jeffries
1.Who firstly suggested the Count-Your-Steps walking program
A.Mr. Thomas. B.Ms. Earley. C.Ms. Howser. D.Cora Jeffries.
2.What's the goal of the Count-Your-Steps walking program
A.To show the school spirit. B.To make friends with others.
C.To develop a habit of running. D.To appreciate the benefits of walking.
3.The pedometer is used to _________.
A.find the routes B.record the days C.number the steps D.count the walkers
4.What's the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce school rules. B.To call on students to join a program.
C.To explain the rules of a program. D.To persuade students to buy a pedometer.
C
Driving to a ball game, Duane Innes saw a small truck ahead of him run across lanes of traffic, sideswipe(侧撞) a concrete barrier and continue forward on the inside shoulder(路肩) at about 40 miles per hour.
Innes passed by the truck, and then looked back to see that the driver fell over the wheel. He knew a busy crossroads was just ahead, and he had to act fast. Without seeking the passengers' advice in his car, he said to himself, "There was no time to take a vote."
"If I could get in front of him and let him hit me, we could slow clown together," Innes explained. So he pulled in front of the truck, allowed it to hit his car and brought both vehicles safely to a stop in the pull-off lane.
Some might say the driver of the truck, 80-year-old Bill Pace, might have run into bad luck that day. As a volunteer(志愿者) for Special Olympics, Pace didn't know it at the time, but he'd had a minor heart attack two days earlier and he passed out at the wheel.
State Farm, Pace's insurance company, covered about $ 3,500 in damage to Innes' car, and sent Innes a letter of thanks this summer.
"We wish to thank you for the action you took to save Bill's life," State Farm's Clayton Ande wrote. "State Farm and the Pace family consider you lo be a luminary. I wish there were more people like you in the world."
1.What was Innes going to do with the passengers in his car
A.To watch a ball game. B.To look for Bill Pace.
C.To stop the small truck. D.To do something for Special Olympics.
2.What can we know about Bill Pace according to the passage
A.He brought the small truck to a stop.
B.He discussed with passengers the way to stop the truck.
C.He knew he had a heart attack then.
D.He was lucky to be hit.
3.The underlined word "luminary" is closest in meaning to _________.
A.hero B.doctor C.volunteer D.expert
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.A driver thanks a man who hit him on purpose
B.A terrible accident on the road
C.A letter of thanks
D.A volunteer helps a driver bravely
D
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modem traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true.
Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious kind of pollution. It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in pollution at the same time.
1._____,our world is becoming much smaller.
A.Because of the rise in pollution
B.Thanks to science development
C.Because the earth is being polluted day and night
D.Because earth is blown away by wind every year
2.Hundreds of years ago, life was _____ it is today.
A.much easier than B.as easy as
C.much harder than D.as hard as
3.Air pollution is still the most serious kind of pollution because _____.
A.it makes much noise
B.it makes us angry more easily
C.it makes our rivers and lakes dirty
D.it's bad for all living things in the world
4.Which of the following is NOT true
A.Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.
B.The more people, the more pollution.
C.The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people on the earth.
D.If people could go to work by bus or bike instead of by car or motorbike, it would be helpful in fighting against the problem of SO2.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A garden that's just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sam(总和)of its parts ①__________. But it doesn't happen by accident. Itstarts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
②__________
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). ③__________. However, there are a number of other reasons thatmight explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
Recall (回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad,but that's not what's important. ④__________—how being inthose gardens made us feel. If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. ⑤__________. Then go outside and work out a plan to translateyour childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It's our experience of the garden that matters
D. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Imagine sitting inside a windowless train that's shooting through a tube at twice the speed of an airplane. Your train has no wheels, produces no 1 ， makes its own electricity, and isn't affected by bad weather. This is the hyperloop, a new vision for the world's 2 ， safest, and greenest form of transportation. Many have 3 this new technology, but others say the hyper loop vision is just a bunch of hot air.
Hyperloop developers plan to use the properties of magnets to float, stabilize, and drive the capsules or pods for hundreds of mites through 4 tubes. Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles, what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion, engineers promise.
Supporters of the technology promote additional 5 of transporting passengers and cargo by hyperloop. For example, they firmly state that unlike other city-to-city transport that's 6 ， such as planes or trains, hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed, like Ubers and taxis. While the 7 would hold only 28 to 50 passengers each, developers plan for them to depart stations in groups every minute or so which they say could amount to shuttling 50，000 people an hour. That's more than twice the passenger 8 of the world's fastest trains.
Developers also say that hyperloop tubes would be 9 so they wouldn't interfere with other traffic or threaten wildlife. And tubes would be covered with solar panels to power the hyperloop's systems. 10 ，advocates regard the hyperloop as the transportation choice for the future.
But not everyone is on board. Engineers have calculated that the high-speed vehicles will need to make much wider turns than currently envisioned, and otherwise they won't be 11 for passengers. This would add several miles to the proposed tube tracks, Engineers also say planners haven't included enough time for vehicles to safely brake and take off at stations. Some engineers believe it will take much longer than claimed to pump the 12 out of the tubes before each vehicle's departure. Critics thus say hyperloops can't go as fast or serve as many passengers per hour as advertised, making them 13 existing high-speed transportation options.
Hyperloop companies say they're 14 these concerns. They claim that they can safely maintain high speeds by having the vehicles bank around the turns as a plane does. And their hyperloops will rely on the split-second reaction times of a computer to 15 vehicles quickly, frequently, and safely.
1.A. pollution B. sound C. energy D. wind
2.A. cleanest B. lightest C. latest D. fastest
3.A. adapted B. explored C. embraced D. developed
4.A. totally hollow B. nearly airless C. steadily narrow D. highly flexible
5.A. advantages B. costs C. qualities D. situations
6.A. in constant demands B. on strict timetables
C. in changeable D. on essential services
7.A. cabins B. lorries C. tubes D. vehicles
8.A. fare B. capacity C. speed D. comfort
9.A. underground B. parallel C. elevated D. shared
10.A. However B. Therefore C. Beside D. Otherwise
11.A. available B. economic C. easy D. safe
12.A. force B. air C. heat D. water
13.A. most popular of B. superior to C. no better than D. least profitable
14.A. addressing B. causing C. voicing D. releasing
15.A. ride B. pilot C. park D. alert
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
English and Hawaiian are the two official languages of Hawaii. But for many years, Hawaiian ①___________(be) in danger of disappearing.
The Hawaiian Islands were made by volcanoes, ②___________ lie in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, about 4,000 kilometers from the US mainland. Hawaii's native population came from Polynesia, a collection of ③___________ (hundred) of islands in the North and South Pacific.
In 1778 , the British ④___________ (explore) James Cook and his men landed in what is now Hawaii. At the time, the local population spoke only the Hawaiian language. Later, the area became a protectorate(受保护领地) of Britain and ⑤___________ (rule) by a king. Over time,a great foreign influence over Hawaii's politics and economics led to English being declared(宣布) ⑥___________ official language.
The US controlled the territory in 1898 and Hawaii became a U. S. colony two years later. In 1959, Hawaii was admitted ⑦___________ the 50th state.
During the 1970s, a movement began to seek the wider use of the Hawaiian language. Education officials again permitted the use of Hawaiian in schools. But today, the language is still not ⑧___________ (wide) spoken on the islands.
UNESCO lists the Hawaiian language as "critically endangered". Hawaiian state officials estimated in 2016 that only about 5.7 percent of people ⑨___________ (live) in the state speak Hawaiian at home. For this reason, officials in Hawaii decided to try a fun, new way ⑩___________ (increase) interest in the language among the younger generation.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华，打算寒假和家人去北京旅行，你的新西兰笔友Richard对此很感兴趣，来信询问旅行计划，请你给他回一封信，介绍你的旅行安排。内容如下：
1.交通方式；
2.行程安排；
3.邀请同行。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an evening in July. The skies were darker than normal. Rain fell in big drops, thunder crashed in and lightning flashed across the skies. I shook with cold and fear as I walked through the streams of muddy water. Cars moved slowly because of the traffic jam, while passers-by were rushing by, completely wet in the heavy rain.
Along the way, I saw some schoolchildren grasping their heavy schoolbags and heading home. As more thunder crashed and boomed, I also sped up. Near a crossing, some road repair work was left unfinished. Obviously the workers had left in a hurry because of the storm. There were a few warning signs but it was hard to see what they said and what was on the road. I took a pace towards them — there were pieces of wood and metal as well as a hole which now was half-covered with boards.
I carefully avoided the possible danger and moved on. Seconds later, I stopped as I heard some sounds. They sounded like crying. I turned around, held my breath and listened, trying to figure out where the sounds were coming from, but all I could hear was the wind and the rain. "Maybe it is just the wind," I thought to myself and was about to leave.
"Help!" a loud and desperate scream came behind. Quickly, I turned back and traced the sound to where it had come from. My eyes fell on the place. It was horrible — one young child had fallen into the gaping hole in the road. My heart grew heavier. The boards had been moved away by the force of the rushing water and wind. I could barely see the child as it was dark all around me. I tried to save him, but all my efforts were in vain. "Don't panic!" I pretended to be calm and shouted at the top of my voice. "I'll soon get you out of there."
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
I suddenly thought of a friend who lived nearby. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The parents of the child arrived at the hospital quickly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.C
解析：
1.细节理解题。因为时间为10月15日,属于活动外的时间,故根据文中开头的"Off-season Address: 34 Maple Avenue Armonk, New York 10504 USA; Phone: (914) 273-5020"可知,该题选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文中的"We help our boys develop"以及"Our boys have opportunities..."可知,该营地招收男孩,故选B项。
3.写作意图题。根据文章开头介绍了Camp Takajo的时间、位置以及联系电话,下文介绍了孩子们在其中能得到什么样的发展可知,该篇文章就是为了吸引更多的男孩子来加入该夏令营。故选C项。
B
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.B
解析：1.考査细节理解。根据第一段第二句"Mr. Stewart Thomas, a parent of two students at Star Middle School, firstly came up with the idea" 可知,Mr. Thomas是第一个建议Count-Your-Sleps步行计划的人。故选A。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"...have established the program's goal: to increase awareness(认识)of the benefits of walking"可知,步行计划的目的是重视步行的益处。故选D。
3.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"... and a pedometer, which is a small, digital tool used to count the steps of the person wearing it"可知,计步器是用来记录戴着它的人走的步数的。故选C。
4.考查写作意图。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的"Please take into careful consideration this valuable and well-planned program, and then sign up today"可知,文章的目的是号召学生们仔细考虑这个步行计划,然后报名参加。故选B。
C
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第一句话可知,他开车去看球赛。
2.考查推理判断。根据全文内容尤其是第三段可知,两车都安全地停在了停车车道上。如果不是Innes急中生智,Bill Pace就会因出车祸而受伤。 A、B项都不是Bill Pace的行为;C项与文章内容不相符。
3.考查词义猜测。根据上文中的"We wish to thank you for the action you took to save Bill's life"以及后面的"I wish ihere were more people like you in the world"可推知,State Farm 和 Pace 的家人把他看作一位"杰出人物",而的意思是"英雄",与其意思最接近,故选A
4.考查主旨大意。通读全文内容可知,最能体现全文主旨的是A项"司机感谢主动撞他的人"。
D
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.C
解析：1.随着人口的急剧增长,污染越来越严重。地球是我们共同的家园,减少污染人人有责。
细节理解题。由第一段中...by using modern traffic and modem communication means可知。
2.推理判断题。由第一段中Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago可推知 。
3.细节理解题。由第四段中It's bad for all living things in the world可知。
4.推理判断题。由第五段中Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.可知A是正确的;由第二段中The more people,the more pollution.可知B是正确的;由第五段中Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic.可知D项是正确的。用排除法,可知答案是C。
第二节
答案：F; A; E; C; G
解析：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何种植一个正好适合你的花园。
①考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的"But it doesn't happen by accident. "可知,根据设空处前后句的句意"你是否参观过使你感觉非常好的花园 "和"但是,这并不是偶然发生的。"可知, F项"你也可以把你的花园装饰得如此怡人"使得上下文语意连贯,衔接紧密。故F项符合语境。
②考查子标题。根据下文中的"a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden" 可知,本段主要讲要弄清楚你为什么要搞园艺。,故选A项。
③考查上下文的衔接。本段介绍人们对于园艺的观点:有些人认为花园只是指一些花花草草;有些人关心少用水、少用肥料的园艺方法。设空处仍然在说明人们对园艺不同的看法。 故E项"还有其他一些人只是喜欢待在户外,接触植物" 承接上文。,故选E项。
④考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的"...but that's not what's important" 和下文中的"how being in those gardens made us feel"可知根据设空处前一句"……不重要"可知,强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项符合语境。
⑤考查上下文的衔接。 根据本段内容及主题句" Recall your childhood memories"可知,如果自己装饰一个花园,要回忆一下自己小时候所看到的那些花园,并把这些花园的优点写下来,然后制订计划并把自己以前的记忆变成美丽的花园。故G项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ADCBA 6-10 BDBCB 11-15 DBCAB
解析：1.考查名词及语境理解。A.pollution污染；B.sound声音；C.energy精力；D.wind风。句意：你的火车没有轮子，不产生污染，自己发电，也不受恶劣天气的影响。根据下文makes its own electricity可知，因为自己可以发电，所以不产生污染。故选A。
2.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cleanest最干净的；B.lightest最轻的；C.latest 最新的；D.fastest最快的。句意：这就是超级高铁，世界上最快、最安全、最绿色的交通方式的新愿景。根据前文Imagine sitting inside a windowless train that's shooting through a tube at twice the speed of an airplane可知，这种超级高铁是是飞机速度的两倍，所以是世界上最快的交通方式。故选D。
3.考查动词及语境理解。A.adapted适应；B.explored探索；C.embraced接受；D.developed发展。句意：许多人已经接受了这项新技术。但也有人说，超级高铁的愿景只是一堆空话。根据下文"but others say the hypeloop vision is just a bunch of hot air"中转折可知，许多人已经接受了这项新技术。故选C。
4.考查形容词及语境理解。A.totally hollow完全空洞的；B.nearly airless几乎没有空气的；C.steadily narrow稳步缩小的；D.highly flexible 高度灵活的。句意：超级高铁的开发人员计划利用磁铁的特性来漂浮稳定和驱动胶囊或舱在几乎没有空气的管道中行驶数百英里。根据下文Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles,what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion, engineers promise.可知，因为没有空气，所以是在几乎真空的管道中行驶。故选B。
5.考查名词及语境理解。A.advanage优势；B.costs花费；C.qualities质量；D.situations状况。句意：这项技术的支持者宣扬了使用超级高铁运送乘客和货物的额外优势。根据下文For example,they firmly state that unlike other city-to-city transport that's 6 ，such as planes or trains,hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed, like Ubers and taxis可知，这里陈述超级高铁的优势。故选A。
6.考查短语及语境理解。A.in constant demands不断的需求；B.on srict timetables按照严格的时间表；C.in changeable states在多变状态；D.on essential services 基本服务。句意：例如，他们坚定地表示，不像飞机或火车等其他有严格时间表的城市到城市的交通工具，超级高铁车辆会在需要时离开，比如优步和出租车。根据下文such as planes or trains,hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed,like Ubers and taxis可知，超级高铁像优步和出租车一样，不需要像飞机或火车一样按照严格的时间表才能出发。故选B。
7.考查名词及语境理解。A.cabins小木屋；B.lorries卡车；C.tubes地铁；D.vehicles交通工具。句意：虽然每辆车只能搭载28至50名乘客，但开发商计划让这些车每分钟分批从车站出发，他们说，这样每小时可以运送5万人。这里指超级高铁作为交通工具每辆车的运载能力。故选D。
8.考查名词及语境理解。A.fare车费；B.capacity容量；C.speed速度；D.comfort 安慰。句意：这是世界上最快列车载客量的两倍多。根据前文While the 7 would hold only 28 to 50 passengers each,developers plan for them to depart stations in groups every minute or so which they say could amount to shuttling 50，000 people an hour可知，超级高铁载客容量是世界上最快列车的两倍多。故选B。
9.考查形容词及语境理解。A.underground地下的；B.parallel平行的；C.elevated抬高的；D.shard共享的。句意：开发商还表示，超级高铁管道将会升高，这样它们就不会干扰其他交通或威胁野生动物。根据下文so they wouldn't interfere with other traffic or threaten wildlife可知，可以将超级高铁管道升高建造，这样不会干扰其他交通或威胁野生动物。故选C。
10.考查副词及语境理解。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Beside在旁边；D.Otherwise否则。句意：因此，支持者把超级高铁作为未来的交通选择。根据下文advocates regard the hyperloop as the transportation choice for the future可知，前后句之间为因果关系。故选B。
11.考查形容词及语境理解。A.available可利用的；B.economic经济的；C.easy容易的；D.safe安全的。句意：工程师们计算出，高速车辆需要比目前设想的大得多的转弯，否则对乘客来说就不安全了。根据前文Engineers have calculated that the high-speed vehicles will need to make much wider turns than currently envisioned可知，为了乘客的安全，设计转弯的时候需要很大的弯道。故选D。
12.考查名词及语境理解。A.force力量；B.air空气；C.heat热；D.water水。句意：一些工程师认为，在每辆车离开之前，将空气从管道中抽出所需的时间将比他们声称的要长得多。根据前文Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles,what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion,engineers promise.可知，运行时没有空气，所以需要从管道中抽取空气。故选B。
13.考查短语及语境理解。A.most popular of最流行的；B.superior to比……优越；C.no better than不比……好；D.least profitable of最无利可图的。句意：因此，批评人士说，超级高铁的速度和每小时载客量无法达到广告宣传的水平，因此它们并不比现有的高速交通工具更好。根据前文Critics thus say hyperloops can't go as fast or serve as many passengers per hour as advertised可知，批评人士认为超级高铁并不比现有的高速交通工具更好。故选C。
14.考查动词及语境理解。A.addressing处理；B.causing引起；C.voicing表达；D.releasing释放。句意：超级高铁公司表示，他们正在解决这些问题。根前文Engineers also say planners haven't included enough time for vehicles to safely brake and take off at stations.Some engineers believe it will take much longer than claimed to pump the 12 out of the tubes before each vehicle's departure可知，超级高铁公司正在解决所提出的这些问题。故选A。
15.考查动词及语境理解。A.ride乘坐；B.pilot驾驶；C.park停车；D.alert警报。句意：他们的超回路列车将依靠计算机瞬间的反应时间来快速、频繁、安全地驾驶车辆。根据前文And their hyperloops will rely on the split-second reaction times of a computer 可知，超级高铁公司声称会依靠计算机瞬间的反应时间来解决安全驾驶问题。故选B。
第二节
答案：1. has been2. which3. hundreds4. explorer5. was ruled6. the7. as8. widely9. living10. to increase
解析：
文章介绍了夏威夷群岛上的语言使用历史和现状。
1.has been【解题思路】考査时态。根据时间状语"for many years" 判断,空处应用现在完成时。
2. which【解题思路】考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词volcanoes,且从句中缺少主语,因此填which。
3.hundreds 【解题思路】考査名词复数。hundreds of意为"数以百计的"。
4 .explorer【解题思路】考查名词。由空前的British以及空后的James Cook 可知,空处应填名词explorer。
5. was ruled【解题思路】考査时态和语态。根据上下文可知此处应用一般过去时;且表示"被统治",故应用被动语态。
6. the【解题思路】考查冠词。此处表示英语被宣称为官方语言, 表示特指,故填the。
7. as【解题思路】考査介词。be admitted as意为"被承认是",as意为"作为"。
8. widely【解题思路】考査副词。此处应用副词修饰动词spoken, 故填widely。
9. living【解题思路]考査非谓语动词。people与live是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式作后置定语。
10. to increase【解题思路】考査非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作后置定语,修饰way。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Richard,
How are you getting along？Knowing from your last letter that you are interested in our travel plan to Beijing during the winter vacation, I'm writing to tell you something about it. 【高分句型一】（写信目的）
We're going there by plane and will rent a car afterwards.（交通方式）Our first delight will definitely be the Great Wall, where we can appreciate the great wisdom of ancient Chinese people.【高分句型二】On the following day, we are visiting the Forbidden City to admire the unique royal architectures. And as big fans of Peking Opera, we won't miss a visit to Mei Lanfang Theatre on the last day.（行程安排）
Would you like to join us？Looking forward to your reply.（邀请同行）
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
I suddenly thought of a friend who lived nearby. Without hesitation, I called him telling him about the situation. He readily said he would get some tools. Besides, he asked his neighbor, who had worked as a rescuer, to come along with him. Minutes later, we managed to get the child out. Fortunately, there were only some minor injuries, but he was trembling with fear and cold, failing to speak any words. We immediately sent him to hospital. After he calmed down, he told us his parents' phone number and we informed his parents at once.
The parents of the child arrived at the hospital quickly. They were totally shocked to hear of what had happened. Knowing their son was safe, they walked to us, expressing their gratitude to us again and again and insisting on offering us some-gifts. But we left secretly after one everything was OK. It was a wonderful memory, one I will never forget. I was glad and proud that I had been part of that act. Though the wind continued when I went home, I felt much warmer.