外研版必修4Module 4 Great Scientists B卷能力提升（含答案）
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Module 4 Great Scientists B卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Plan your dream vacation to one of these excellent destinations.
St. Lucia
Abundant rainforests and splendid mountains are all reasons to visit this Caribbean island.St. Luciaoffers the perfect mix of relaxation and adventure. To take in the breathtaking scenery, plan to hike the Piton Mountains or dive in the waters of Anse Chastanet.
Banff. Alberta
This Canadian destination will bring out the explorer in anyone who visits. From hiking and whitewater rafting to skiing and snowboarding, Banff offers travelers an abundance of year-round outdoor activities. The Lake Louise Ski Resort is one of the largest in North America and the striking photo opportunities of the Canadian Rockies from Moraine Lake can't be underestimated (低估).
Machu Picchu
According to travelers, a visit to this Peruvian UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) site is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. Located in the Andes Mountains, it is the most familiar icon (象征物) of Inca civilization. Spend a few days accustoming yourself to the altitude in the neighboring city of Cusco, where you can experience a mix of Incan and Spanish cultures.
Great Barrier Reef
It's easy to see why the Great Barrier Reef is one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World – it stretches nearly 1,500 miles along the eastern coastline ofAustraliaand features about 3,000 reefs, 900 islands and more than 1,500 species of fish. Travelers can see these amazing natural structures from the air or underwater. However, large amounts of coral bleaching (褪色) caused by rising ocean temperatures put this place's continued existence at risk, so plan your visit soon to see this awesome sight up close.
1.What can you enjoy both inSt. Luciaand Banff
A.Hiking. B.Skiing. C.Diving. D.Snowboarding.
2.Where may a historian choose to go
A.St. Lucia. B.Banff. Alberta. C.Machu Picchu. D.Great Barrier Reef
3.What do we know about the Great Barrier Reef
A.It's on the western coast ofAustralia.
B.It's famous for coral reefs rather than fish.
C.People must take a plane to enjoy its beauty.
D.It may disappear if temperature keeps on rising.
B
It's been a few years since my three-month trip across Europe, but it is by far one of the most amazing experiences I have ever had. If you have decided to go on this kind of journey, I have put together a list of important things to share with you, based on my own experiences.
You might be thinking now that you won't have time or the desire to talk to anyone back at home while you are on your great adventure. However, once you've been away for a week or two, you might start to change your idea and want to tell anything you see to them. So it's always a good idea to have a phone card that works internationally, just in case.
Before you buy or sign up for a phone card plan, make sure to check the rates! You don't want to come home with a $ 500 phone bill! In order to make sure I dicing overspend on the phone, I purchased a few $ 50 pre-paid phone cards before I left, and then used my minutes sparingly.
Memories are never as clear, years later, as you want them to be. Pictures are nice, but you may find yourself wondering, "What was the name of that place again " Keeping a diary so that you can record your daily activities, the names of people you met in a certain city, and exciting things you got to see or do, is always a good idea.
If you don't have enough money, you can choose to stay in hostels(招待所),which are by far the cheapest way in most of Europe. And you can also take a sleeping bag with you, which would lead to a better sleep, if you have room in your pack and you don't mind the extra weight. But in my opinion t it might take up much room; you'd better not take one.
1.We might _________ during our tour of Europe, according to the second paragraph.
A.become pretty homesick B.share our trip experiences with our families
C.waste time on remaking plans D.spend time looking for phone cards
2.Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word "sparingly"
A.Gently. B.Quickly. C.Carefully. D.Freely.
3.What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A.Book hostels in advance. B.Early to bed, early to rise.
C.Make sure your items are well-packed. D.Take as few things as possible.
4.What does the author mainly want to tell us by writing this passage
A.How to save money on phone bills. B.How to have a good nights sleep.
C.How to keep a record of our journey. D.How to prepare for a European trip.
C
Samuel de Champlain was a French explorer, navigator (航海家), and mapmaker. He explored much of eastern Canada and became known as the "Father of New France".
Born into a family of sailors, Champlain, while still a young man, began exploring North America. In 1603, he sailed up the Saguenay River and the St. Lawrence River. From 1604 to 1607 Champlain joined in the exploration and settlement of the first permanent (永久的) European settlement north of Florida. Then, in 1608, he established the French settlement that is now Quebec City. He also made the first accurate (精确的) map of the Canadian coast.
Champlain spent most of the rest of his life going between France and Canada. His goals were to map North America and find a quicker way to get to the Pacific Ocean.
In 1629 Quebec was controlled by the English and Champlain was taken to England as a prisoner. When Canada was returned to France in 1633 Champlain returned to Canada as governor of Quebec and remained in Quebec until his death on Christmas Day in 1635.
Champlain was the first European to explore and describe the Great Lakes, and published maps of his journeys and reports of what he learned from the natives and the French living among the natives. Champlain was memorialized as the "Father of New France", and many places and streets in North America use his name. The most famous of these is Lake Champlain, which lies between northern New York and Vermont.
1. Which is the correct order of the events about Champlain
a. established the settlement in Canada
b. travelled up the St. Lawrence River
c. returned to Canada as governor of Quebec
d. was taken to England
A. b-a-c-d B. b-a-d-c C. a-d-b-c D. a-b-d-c
2. We can learn from the text that Champlain _____.
A. was important to Canadian history B. was famous for the lake named for him
C. was the first person to explore North America D. was the first family member to work on a ship
3. The underlined word "memorialized" in the last paragraph probably means "_____".
A. described B. chosen C. remembered D. trusted
4. What's the best title for the text
A. Exploration of North America B. Origin of Lake Champlain
C. Foundation of Quebec D. Father of New France
D
It seems that all my friends have been making the decision to put off their college education for a year, and I'm happy for them. But I'm not going to lie. When that call comes and they inform me of their decision to take a year off from college, the joy is bittersweet(甜中有苦的). I hear the excitement in my friends' voices and do my best to share their joy, but in those moments, I can't help envying them: I guess I'm a classic case of the broke college kid, and I am never like the gap-year college students.
At this point,it has happened so many times that I'm really starting to wonder whether I have made the wrong decision by taking the road to higher learning.
Maybe it's a crazy thing to say, but I want that special moment very much. I want everyone close to me to say "hooray!'' after l make the difficult decision of putting off the student loan(贷款) debt, so that I can travel across Europe for a year instead. I hope that everyone will be proud of me and the big smile of relief will appear on my face.
However, I can't help but wonder: will my mom ever get the chance to plan a party while I make a decision to travel the world for a year At the party, will my parents ever get the chance to smile at me with pride as I listen to their speech about how proud they are without a care in the world I feel sorry for them. And after all these yearst will I ever be the one not taking out private student loans to provide money for my expensive college education
It's depressing to think about, but l may never hear the government say, "You did a great job. High-five." I made the decision not to increase the already too high student loan debt of the country. But the people in the government only stay in their offices, completely unaware of the struggle of college students with student loans.
1.What makes the author feel like stopping his education for a year
A.His friends are wild about travelling around.
B.His friends have put off the student loan debt.
C.He sees his friends all living a comfortable life.
D.He admires his friends for being away from study for a year.
2.What does the underlined word "broke" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A.Taking a risk.
B.Becoming bad.
C.Having no money.
D.Dropping off school.
3.What does the author expect if he puts off his college education for a year
A.The people close to him will encourage him.
B.His smile will reappear on his face.
C.His mother will be proud of him.
D.His debt will be reduced sharply.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.The government gives a big stress to the students.
B.The government should care more about the students.
C.The government should support the gap-year students.
D.The government often puts the students into depression.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When choosing your dream career, it is important that you first know yourself well. The best way to begin is through self-exploration which will allow you to uncover more about your personal interests, skills, personality, and values. ①_________
Interests are important considerations when choosing a career. By focusing on your interests, you can determine which career options would provide you with the highest satisfaction and a sense of enjoyment. ②_________ Job satisfaction contributes to a positive attitude at work, which in turn will affect your chances of gaining success in your career.
The next thing you have to consider is the skills you own. ③_________ These skills can be either hard or soft skills. And you need to determine which of those skills are transferable (可转移的). Transferable skills are not specific to one job, so you can apply them to a variety of different jobs. Having the right skill set is the key that opens a whole new field of career possibilities for you. You may even be surprised at the number of career options that are a good fit with the skills you currently have.
④_________ You will need to assess (评定) your individual personality, motivational drive, needs and attitudes to find a career that has the best fit with your personality. For example, a salesperson generally needs to be naturally outgoing.
Another important element (要素) to consider in your decision when choosing a dream career is your values. ⑤_________ And the scale of your values is based on your attitudes and beliefs about what is important in life.
A. Values are linked to your beliefs.
B. What are the things you are good at
C. Interests are also important for your choice.
D. Choosing a dream career will have an influence on your skills.
E. If you enjoy your job, you will be more motivated to do your job well.
F. One or more of these elements may have a great influence on your choice of careers.
G. It is equally important that you take your personality into account when choosing your dream career.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. He also came in last for every other science subject. His teacher wrote in a 1 , "I believe he has ideas about becoming a 2 ; from his present performance this is quite foolish."
Luckily, the teacher's words didn't 3 Gurdon's love for science. He kept working hard and finally realized his dream. On Oct. 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor 4 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Gurdon got the honor 5 his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some 6 on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its genes carefully, and put them into an egg cell. The egg cell then 7 into a clone of the adult frog. His research 8 for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes.
At that time, many people couldn't 9 Gurdon's idea. But later it helped to 10 Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It also led to important findings in the 11 use of cells.
Gurdon always remembers the 12 he had when he was 15. He even puts the report on his desk as a daily 13 to himself.
"When you have problems, like an experiment which doesn't work, it's 14 to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and the teacher may be 15 ," he said.
However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed.
1.A.report B.letter C.passage D.program
2.A.musician B.scientist C.manager D.millionaire
3.A.stop B.condemn C.inspire D.reunite
4.A.won B.founded C.dreamed of D.applied for
5.A.instead of B.in spite of C.because of D.in place of
6.A.reading B.writing C.operation D.research
7.A.cut B.grew C.changed D.formed
8.A.predicted B.studied C.proved D.presented
9.A.accept B.admit C.avoid D.ignore
10.A.save B.discover C.feed D.create
11.A.commercial B.medical C.physical D.illegal
12.A.friend B.teacher C.classmate D.neighbor
13.A.regulation B.routine C.reminder D.reward
14.A.potential B.complicated C.rough D.nice
15.A.right B.wrong C.wise D.silly
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
German carmaker BMW is exploring ways to improve working conditions at cobalt(钴) mines in Congo.
Cobalt is ①_________ hard, shiny metal that is often mixed with other metals. It is very rare but extremely important to the production of batteries. Wireless electronics, such as mobile phones,use most of the worlds cobalt. But a single electric car requires ②_________ (much) cobalt than a mobile phone.
Carmakers are hoping to increase sales of electric cars but are struggling ③_________ (get) the metal. The world's largest known ④_________ ( supply) of cobalt are found in Congo.
BMW said the project is trying to find ways to improve working and living conditions in places ⑤_________ the metal is mined by manual labor. The project will work on one mine within the next three years. The company will not ⑥_________ (direct) buy coball from the mine. Instead, the mine ⑦_________ (operate) by a local company.
BMW said, if they are ⑧_________ (effect ), the measures could be used to improve some problems at other mines as well.
Manual operations are responsible ⑨_________ about 20 percent of the cobalt mined in Congo. Industrial mining operations account for(比例上占) the rest. But many companies ⑩_________ (involve) in both kinds of cobalt mining have been accused of environmental, health and safety and human rights violations(违反).
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周你校举办了以"Science lights up the future"为主题的校园科技节。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动内容；
3.活动感想。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.不得出现真实班级、学校、姓名；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Henry once worked in a middle school in a remote area. He loved to teach the teenagers. He worked to understand what his students were thinking and feeling in order to meet their needs. When a student was struggling, he would work harder to show the child that he or she was capable and cared for. He would try everything in order to help every student achieve success in and out of the classroom. But he would never discover that the impact his small act of kindness had on one student after he left the profession to join the navy,
Henry was teaching science then, there was one girl who sat at the front of the class and was filled with typical middle school pain and anxiety. Her name was Mary. She was a newcomer then. She wasn't accepted by the classmates that soon. She was quiet and kept to herself and always writing a journal during lessons. Henry was looking for a chance to give her a hand but had realized this task was tough.
That class Henry decided to look over her shoulder and see what she was writing. On a small piece of paper he saw the painful words "I am not good enough. I'm ugly. I'm stupid. No one likes me. I hate myself. " The girl was absorbed in her loneliness and sadness and didn't realize she was overseers
This task was more challenging because he had never seen a young girl was so disappointed and sad. Great teachers knew that putting extra effort, a kind heart and soul into caring for his students made all the difference. Without thinking, Henry snatched (一把抓起)the notebook from her and started writing in it "You're great, you're beautiful, you're intelligent, you're loved". The opposite of everything she wrote, then handed it back. He smiled at her with encouragement saying nothing.
Mary was surprised at her teacher's behavior. But when she read the words he wrote, tears welled down her face.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Several weeks later, Henry had to left the school to join the navy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Several years later, when Henry was walking, a woman asked him whether he remembered her.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.D
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据St. Lucia中的"plan to hike the Pitons"和Banff, Alberta 中的"From hiking and whitewater rafting to skiing and snowboarding"可知,在St. Lucia和Banff人们都可以徒步旅行,故选A。
2.考查细节理解。根据 Machu Picchu 中的"a visit to this Peruvian UNESCO World Heritage site is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure" 和 "Spend a few days making yourself become used to the altitude in the city of Cusco, where you can experience a mix of Incan and Spanish cultures"可知,历史学家可能选择去Machu Picchu参观联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址,体验印加文化和西班牙文化的融合。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。根据Great Barrier Reef 中的"large amounts of coral bleaching(视色) caused by rising oceun temperatures put this place's continued existence at risk, so plan your visit soon to see this awesome sight up close"可知,海洋温度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色, 这对大堡礁的存在造成了威胁。由此可推断如果海洋温度继续升高,大堡礁可能会消失。
B
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.D
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"you won't have time or the desire to talk to anyone. . . However. . . you might start to change your idea and want to tell anything you see to them"可知B项正确。
2.考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"In order to make sure I didn't overspend on the phone... then used my minutes sparingly"可知,为了不透支话费,作者精打细算,故可推知carefully与该词意思相近。
3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"But in my opinion, it might take up much room; you'd better not take one"可推知D项正确。
4.考查主旨大意。根据首段中的"If you have decided to go on this kind of journey, I have put together a list of important things to share with you"及下文内容可知,全文主要讲述的是一些欧洲游的攻略,故D项正确。
C
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D
解析：
1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的" In 1603,he sailed up the Saguenay River and the St. Lawrence River."可知,这件事是先发生的,故排除D和C项;而根据第四段中的"When Canada was returned to France in 1633 Champlain returned to Canada as governor of Quebec and remained in Quebec until his death on Christmas Day in 1635."可知,在1633年他返回了加拿大,待在那里且到他去世。综合这两点信息可知B项正确。
2.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Champlain was memorialized as the 'Father of New France ',and many places and streets in North America use his name."可知,Champlain 对于加拿大的历史是非常重要的,故选A项。
3.词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"He explored much of eastern Canada and became known as the 'Father of New France'."可知,该词的意思应是与"known"差不多的意思:又根据全文内容可知Champlain对加拿大和法国来说都是一位很重要的历史人物,值得被纪念,故选C项。
4.标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文所介绍的是Samuel de Champlain这个人物,故选D项。
D
答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：
1.细节理解题。根据第一段的"But I'm not going to lie. When that call comes and they inform me of their decision to take a year off from college ... but in those moments, I can't help envying them."可知,作者嫉妒他的朋友能休学一年。
2.词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中"I make the difficult decision of putting off the student loan debt …"可知,作者是贷款上大学,说明作者自己没有钱上学。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段的"I want everyone close to me to say 'hooray!' after I make the difficult decision of putting off the student loan debt ..."可知,作者期望:如果他能做出艰难决定, 推迟学生贷款债务,身边的人可以支持他。由此推知,他希望得到身边人的鼓励。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的"I made the decision not to increase the already ... completely unaware of the struggle of college students with student loans."可知,政府人员完全没有意识到有助学贷款的学生的努力。作者想到这一点心情是沮丧的, 作者在抱怨政府应该多关心学生。
第二节
答案：FEBGA
解析：本文主要说明了深入地认识自己对事业的选择的影响。
①根据上文内容可以知道这里是指前面提及的一个或多个因素会影响你对事业的选择。
②从本段主旨句可知,这里主要讲的是兴趣对事业选择的重要性。再根据空前内容及空后的"Job satisfaction contributes to a positive attitude at work"可知,兴趣会带来愉悦感,如果你享受你的工作,你就会有动力做好。
③根据空前一句话并结合选项可知,这里是问你对什么比较擅长。故选B。
④本空是本段主旨句,下文主要讲的是个人性格对事业选择的重要性,故选G。
⑤根据本段主旨句可知,本段主要是讲价值观。再根据空后一句可知,应选A。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.ABAAC; 6-10.DBCAD; 11-15.BBCDA
解析：1.从文章倒数第三段可知,空后是老师在报告里写的内容,故选A项。
2.从下文中的"Gurdon's love for science"可推知,老师认为他有成为科学家的想法,故选B项。
3.根据下文中的"He kept working hard"可知,老师的话并没有阻止他对科学的热爱。
4.根据语境并结合下文中的"Gurdon got the honor"可知,这位英国教授获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
5.根据空后的"his research into cells and cloning"可知,获得这个荣誉是因为他对细胞和克隆的研究,故选C项。
6.根据上文中的"his research into cells"和空后的on cells可知,此处表示他在牛津学习的时候,对细胞做过一些研究。
7.根据空前的The egg cell和下文中的"into a clone of the adult frog"可知,然后卵细胞长成成年青蛙的复制品。
8.根据空后的内容可知,空后为研究得出的结果,再结合选项可知,C项符合语境。
9.根据下文中的"But later it helped"可知,空处应表示当时很多人不能接受Gurdon的观点。
10.根据空后的"the first cloned mammal"并结合常识可知,克隆羊Dolly是被科学家创造出来的。
11.根据下文中所列举的例子可知,此处表示Gurdon的观点也使细胞在医学方面的应用有了重大发现。
12.根据空后的"when he was 15"并结合第一段内容可知,空处应指他15岁时的老师。
13.根据空前的"He even puts the report on his desk"可推测,他这么做的目的是提醒他自己。
14.根据语境并结合选项可知,假如实验不成功,要提醒自己也许自己在工作方面还不是非常擅长就好了。
15.根据语境并结合空前的"perhaps you are not so good at your job"可知,此处表示老师可能是正确的。
第二节
答案：1. a2. more3. to get4. supplies5. where6. directly7. will be operated8. effective9. for10. involved
解析：
德国汽车制造商宝马公司正在刚果探索改善开采金属钴的工人的工作环境,从而进一步增加电动汽车的产量。
1. a【解题思路】考査冠词。此处为钴下定义,表示泛指一种坚硬闪光的金属,且had的发音以辅音音素幵头,故填不定冠词a。
2. more【解题思路】考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的"than a mobile phone"可知,此处应填比较级形式。
3. to get【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作 struggling的宾语,表示"努力做某事"。
4. supplies【解题思路】考査名词复数分析句子结构可知,空处作主语。根据空后的are found可知,空处应填名词复数。
5. where【解题思路】考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为places,定语从句中缺地点状语,故填where, 相当于in which。
6. directly【解题思路】考査副词。空处修饰动词buy,故应填副词形式。
7. will be operated【解题思路】考査时态和语态。根据上文内容可知,此处动作还未发生,故应用一般将来时;根据by a local company 可知,the mine与operate之间是被动关系,故读一般将来时的被动语态。
8. effective【解题思路】考査形容词。由空前的are可知,空处应填形容词作表语;且由语境可知,此处表示"有效的",故填effective。
9. for【解题思路】考査介词。be responsible for意为"对......负责"为固定搭配。
10.involved【解题思路】考査非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, many companies与involve之间为被动矣系,故用动词-ed形式作后置定语。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Science lights up the future
Last week witnessed the 20th Science and Technology Festival of our school with the theme of "Science lights up the future".
To enrich students' knowledge of modern science and technology, our school held varieties of exhibitions and lectures, which were both informative and inspiring. There were many hand-on activities as well, among which the most popular ones were water rockets and 3D printing.
The annual festival proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons and promoting our creativity.
第二节
答案：
Several weeks later, Henry had to left the school to join the navy. Before he left, he had found that Mary slowly started opening up to her classmates. He was happy to see the changes but he didn't think too much of it. He hoped that his words could help the girl become more outgoing and confident. However, what made him disappointed was that he couldn't see more changes from Mary from then on.
Several years later, when Henry was walking, a woman asked him whether he remembered her. In front of him was a young lady, who looked sunny and confident. When he was reminded that she was a student in the middle school where he worked, Henry thought of her name. Mary told Henry that she had graduated from the university and was serving in the navy, too. It was Henry's small act of encouragement in the class years ago that continued to have a big impact on Mary. Henry felt proud that he had done something good.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Plan your dream vacation to one of these excellent destinations.
St. Lucia
Abundant rainforests and splendid mountains are all reasons to visit this Caribbean island.St. Luciaoffers the perfect mix of relaxation and adventure. To take in the breathtaking scenery, plan to hike the Piton Mountains or dive in the waters of Anse Chastanet.
Banff. Alberta
This Canadian destination will bring out the explorer in anyone who visits. From hiking and whitewater rafting to skiing and snowboarding, Banff offers travelers an abundance of year-round outdoor activities. The Lake Louise Ski Resort is one of the largest in North America and the striking photo opportunities of the Canadian Rockies from Moraine Lake can't be underestimated (低估).
Machu Picchu
According to travelers, a visit to this Peruvian UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) site is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. Located in the Andes Mountains, it is the most familiar icon (象征物) of Inca civilization. Spend a few days accustoming yourself to the altitude in the neighboring city of Cusco, where you can experience a mix of Incan and Spanish cultures.
Great Barrier Reef
It's easy to see why the Great Barrier Reef is one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World – it stretches nearly 1,500 miles along the eastern coastline ofAustraliaand features about 3,000 reefs, 900 islands and more than 1,500 species of fish. Travelers can see these amazing natural structures from the air or underwater. However, large amounts of coral bleaching (褪色) caused by rising ocean temperatures put this place's continued existence at risk, so plan your visit soon to see this awesome sight up close.
1.What can you enjoy both inSt. Luciaand Banff
A.Hiking. B.Skiing. C.Diving. D.Snowboarding.
2.Where may a historian choose to go
A.St. Lucia. B.Banff. Alberta. C.Machu Picchu. D.Great Barrier Reef
3.What do we know about the Great Barrier Reef
A.It's on the western coast ofAustralia.
B.It's famous for coral reefs rather than fish.
C.People must take a plane to enjoy its beauty.
D.It may disappear if temperature keeps on rising.
B
It's been a few years since my three-month trip across Europe, but it is by far one of the most amazing experiences I have ever had. If you have decided to go on this kind of journey, I have put together a list of important things to share with you, based on my own experiences.
You might be thinking now that you won't have time or the desire to talk to anyone back at home while you are on your great adventure. However, once you've been away for a week or two, you might start to change your idea and want to tell anything you see to them. So it's always a good idea to have a phone card that works internationally, just in case.
Before you buy or sign up for a phone card plan, make sure to check the rates! You don't want to come home with a $ 500 phone bill! In order to make sure I dicing overspend on the phone, I purchased a few $ 50 pre-paid phone cards before I left, and then used my minutes sparingly.
Memories are never as clear, years later, as you want them to be. Pictures are nice, but you may find yourself wondering, "What was the name of that place again " Keeping a diary so that you can record your daily activities, the names of people you met in a certain city, and exciting things you got to see or do, is always a good idea.
If you don't have enough money, you can choose to stay in hostels(招待所),which are by far the cheapest way in most of Europe. And you can also take a sleeping bag with you, which would lead to a better sleep, if you have room in your pack and you don't mind the extra weight. But in my opinion t it might take up much room; you'd better not take one.
1.We might _________ during our tour of Europe, according to the second paragraph.
A.become pretty homesick B.share our trip experiences with our families
C.waste time on remaking plans D.spend time looking for phone cards
2.Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word "sparingly"
A.Gently. B.Quickly. C.Carefully. D.Freely.
3.What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A.Book hostels in advance. B.Early to bed, early to rise.
C.Make sure your items are well-packed. D.Take as few things as possible.
4.What does the author mainly want to tell us by writing this passage
A.How to save money on phone bills. B.How to have a good nights sleep.
C.How to keep a record of our journey. D.How to prepare for a European trip.
C
Samuel de Champlain was a French explorer, navigator (航海家), and mapmaker. He explored much of eastern Canada and became known as the "Father of New France".
Born into a family of sailors, Champlain, while still a young man, began exploring North America. In 1603, he sailed up the Saguenay River and the St. Lawrence River. From 1604 to 1607 Champlain joined in the exploration and settlement of the first permanent (永久的) European settlement north of Florida. Then, in 1608, he established the French settlement that is now Quebec City. He also made the first accurate (精确的) map of the Canadian coast.
Champlain spent most of the rest of his life going between France and Canada. His goals were to map North America and find a quicker way to get to the Pacific Ocean.
In 1629 Quebec was controlled by the English and Champlain was taken to England as a prisoner. When Canada was returned to France in 1633 Champlain returned to Canada as governor of Quebec and remained in Quebec until his death on Christmas Day in 1635.
Champlain was the first European to explore and describe the Great Lakes, and published maps of his journeys and reports of what he learned from the natives and the French living among the natives. Champlain was memorialized as the "Father of New France", and many places and streets in North America use his name. The most famous of these is Lake Champlain, which lies between northern New York and Vermont.
1. Which is the correct order of the events about Champlain
a. established the settlement in Canada
b. travelled up the St. Lawrence River
c. returned to Canada as governor of Quebec
d. was taken to England
A. b-a-c-d B. b-a-d-c C. a-d-b-c D. a-b-d-c
2. We can learn from the text that Champlain _____.
A. was important to Canadian history B. was famous for the lake named for him
C. was the first person to explore North America D. was the first family member to work on a ship
3. The underlined word "memorialized" in the last paragraph probably means "_____".
A. described B. chosen C. remembered D. trusted
4. What's the best title for the text
A. Exploration of North America B. Origin of Lake Champlain
C. Foundation of Quebec D. Father of New France
D
It seems that all my friends have been making the decision to put off their college education for a year, and I'm happy for them. But I'm not going to lie. When that call comes and they inform me of their decision to take a year off from college, the joy is bittersweet(甜中有苦的). I hear the excitement in my friends' voices and do my best to share their joy, but in those moments, I can't help envying them: I guess I'm a classic case of the broke college kid, and I am never like the gap-year college students.
At this point,it has happened so many times that I'm really starting to wonder whether I have made the wrong decision by taking the road to higher learning.
Maybe it's a crazy thing to say, but I want that special moment very much. I want everyone close to me to say "hooray!'' after l make the difficult decision of putting off the student loan(贷款) debt, so that I can travel across Europe for a year instead. I hope that everyone will be proud of me and the big smile of relief will appear on my face.
However, I can't help but wonder: will my mom ever get the chance to plan a party while I make a decision to travel the world for a year At the party, will my parents ever get the chance to smile at me with pride as I listen to their speech about how proud they are without a care in the world I feel sorry for them. And after all these yearst will I ever be the one not taking out private student loans to provide money for my expensive college education
It's depressing to think about, but l may never hear the government say, "You did a great job. High-five." I made the decision not to increase the already too high student loan debt of the country. But the people in the government only stay in their offices, completely unaware of the struggle of college students with student loans.
1.What makes the author feel like stopping his education for a year
A.His friends are wild about travelling around.
B.His friends have put off the student loan debt.
C.He sees his friends all living a comfortable life.
D.He admires his friends for being away from study for a year.
2.What does the underlined word "broke" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A.Taking a risk.
B.Becoming bad.
C.Having no money.
D.Dropping off school.
3.What does the author expect if he puts off his college education for a year
A.The people close to him will encourage him.
B.His smile will reappear on his face.
C.His mother will be proud of him.
D.His debt will be reduced sharply.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph
A.The government gives a big stress to the students.
B.The government should care more about the students.
C.The government should support the gap-year students.
D.The government often puts the students into depression.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When choosing your dream career, it is important that you first know yourself well. The best way to begin is through self-exploration which will allow you to uncover more about your personal interests, skills, personality, and values. ①_________
Interests are important considerations when choosing a career. By focusing on your interests, you can determine which career options would provide you with the highest satisfaction and a sense of enjoyment. ②_________ Job satisfaction contributes to a positive attitude at work, which in turn will affect your chances of gaining success in your career.
The next thing you have to consider is the skills you own. ③_________ These skills can be either hard or soft skills. And you need to determine which of those skills are transferable (可转移的). Transferable skills are not specific to one job, so you can apply them to a variety of different jobs. Having the right skill set is the key that opens a whole new field of career possibilities for you. You may even be surprised at the number of career options that are a good fit with the skills you currently have.
④_________ You will need to assess (评定) your individual personality, motivational drive, needs and attitudes to find a career that has the best fit with your personality. For example, a salesperson generally needs to be naturally outgoing.
Another important element (要素) to consider in your decision when choosing a dream career is your values. ⑤_________ And the scale of your values is based on your attitudes and beliefs about what is important in life.
A. Values are linked to your beliefs.
B. What are the things you are good at
C. Interests are also important for your choice.
D. Choosing a dream career will have an influence on your skills.
E. If you enjoy your job, you will be more motivated to do your job well.
F. One or more of these elements may have a great influence on your choice of careers.
G. It is equally important that you take your personality into account when choosing your dream career.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. He also came in last for every other science subject. His teacher wrote in a 1 , "I believe he has ideas about becoming a 2 ; from his present performance this is quite foolish."
Luckily, the teacher's words didn't 3 Gurdon's love for science. He kept working hard and finally realized his dream. On Oct. 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor 4 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Gurdon got the honor 5 his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some 6 on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its genes carefully, and put them into an egg cell. The egg cell then 7 into a clone of the adult frog. His research 8 for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes.
At that time, many people couldn't 9 Gurdon's idea. But later it helped to 10 Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It also led to important findings in the 11 use of cells.
Gurdon always remembers the 12 he had when he was 15. He even puts the report on his desk as a daily 13 to himself.
"When you have problems, like an experiment which doesn't work, it's 14 to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and the teacher may be 15 ," he said.
However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed.
1.A.report B.letter C.passage D.program
2.A.musician B.scientist C.manager D.millionaire
3.A.stop B.condemn C.inspire D.reunite
4.A.won B.founded C.dreamed of D.applied for
5.A.instead of B.in spite of C.because of D.in place of
6.A.reading B.writing C.operation D.research
7.A.cut B.grew C.changed D.formed
8.A.predicted B.studied C.proved D.presented
9.A.accept B.admit C.avoid D.ignore
10.A.save B.discover C.feed D.create
11.A.commercial B.medical C.physical D.illegal
12.A.friend B.teacher C.classmate D.neighbor
13.A.regulation B.routine C.reminder D.reward
14.A.potential B.complicated C.rough D.nice
15.A.right B.wrong C.wise D.silly
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
German carmaker BMW is exploring ways to improve working conditions at cobalt(钴) mines in Congo.
Cobalt is ①_________ hard, shiny metal that is often mixed with other metals. It is very rare but extremely important to the production of batteries. Wireless electronics, such as mobile phones,use most of the worlds cobalt. But a single electric car requires ②_________ (much) cobalt than a mobile phone.
Carmakers are hoping to increase sales of electric cars but are struggling ③_________ (get) the metal. The world's largest known ④_________ ( supply) of cobalt are found in Congo.
BMW said the project is trying to find ways to improve working and living conditions in places ⑤_________ the metal is mined by manual labor. The project will work on one mine within the next three years. The company will not ⑥_________ (direct) buy coball from the mine. Instead, the mine ⑦_________ (operate) by a local company.
BMW said, if they are ⑧_________ (effect ), the measures could be used to improve some problems at other mines as well.
Manual operations are responsible ⑨_________ about 20 percent of the cobalt mined in Congo. Industrial mining operations account for(比例上占) the rest. But many companies ⑩_________ (involve) in both kinds of cobalt mining have been accused of environmental, health and safety and human rights violations(违反).
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周你校举办了以"Science lights up the future"为主题的校园科技节。请你为校报写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动内容；
3.活动感想。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.不得出现真实班级、学校、姓名；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Henry once worked in a middle school in a remote area. He loved to teach the teenagers. He worked to understand what his students were thinking and feeling in order to meet their needs. When a student was struggling, he would work harder to show the child that he or she was capable and cared for. He would try everything in order to help every student achieve success in and out of the classroom. But he would never discover that the impact his small act of kindness had on one student after he left the profession to join the navy,
Henry was teaching science then, there was one girl who sat at the front of the class and was filled with typical middle school pain and anxiety. Her name was Mary. She was a newcomer then. She wasn't accepted by the classmates that soon. She was quiet and kept to herself and always writing a journal during lessons. Henry was looking for a chance to give her a hand but had realized this task was tough.
That class Henry decided to look over her shoulder and see what she was writing. On a small piece of paper he saw the painful words "I am not good enough. I'm ugly. I'm stupid. No one likes me. I hate myself. " The girl was absorbed in her loneliness and sadness and didn't realize she was overseers
This task was more challenging because he had never seen a young girl was so disappointed and sad. Great teachers knew that putting extra effort, a kind heart and soul into caring for his students made all the difference. Without thinking, Henry snatched (一把抓起)the notebook from her and started writing in it "You're great, you're beautiful, you're intelligent, you're loved". The opposite of everything she wrote, then handed it back. He smiled at her with encouragement saying nothing.
Mary was surprised at her teacher's behavior. But when she read the words he wrote, tears welled down her face.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Several weeks later, Henry had to left the school to join the navy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Several years later, when Henry was walking, a woman asked him whether he remembered her.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.D
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据St. Lucia中的"plan to hike the Pitons"和Banff, Alberta 中的"From hiking and whitewater rafting to skiing and snowboarding"可知,在St. Lucia和Banff人们都可以徒步旅行,故选A。
2.考查细节理解。根据 Machu Picchu 中的"a visit to this Peruvian UNESCO World Heritage site is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure" 和 "Spend a few days making yourself become used to the altitude in the city of Cusco, where you can experience a mix of Incan and Spanish cultures"可知,历史学家可能选择去Machu Picchu参观联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址,体验印加文化和西班牙文化的融合。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。根据Great Barrier Reef 中的"large amounts of coral bleaching(视色) caused by rising oceun temperatures put this place's continued existence at risk, so plan your visit soon to see this awesome sight up close"可知,海洋温度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色, 这对大堡礁的存在造成了威胁。由此可推断如果海洋温度继续升高,大堡礁可能会消失。
B
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.D
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"you won't have time or the desire to talk to anyone. . . However. . . you might start to change your idea and want to tell anything you see to them"可知B项正确。
2.考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"In order to make sure I didn't overspend on the phone... then used my minutes sparingly"可知,为了不透支话费,作者精打细算,故可推知carefully与该词意思相近。
3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"But in my opinion, it might take up much room; you'd better not take one"可推知D项正确。
4.考查主旨大意。根据首段中的"If you have decided to go on this kind of journey, I have put together a list of important things to share with you"及下文内容可知,全文主要讲述的是一些欧洲游的攻略,故D项正确。
C
答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D
解析：
1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的" In 1603,he sailed up the Saguenay River and the St. Lawrence River."可知,这件事是先发生的,故排除D和C项;而根据第四段中的"When Canada was returned to France in 1633 Champlain returned to Canada as governor of Quebec and remained in Quebec until his death on Christmas Day in 1635."可知,在1633年他返回了加拿大,待在那里且到他去世。综合这两点信息可知B项正确。
2.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Champlain was memorialized as the 'Father of New France ',and many places and streets in North America use his name."可知,Champlain 对于加拿大的历史是非常重要的,故选A项。
3.词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"He explored much of eastern Canada and became known as the 'Father of New France'."可知,该词的意思应是与"known"差不多的意思:又根据全文内容可知Champlain对加拿大和法国来说都是一位很重要的历史人物,值得被纪念,故选C项。
4.标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文所介绍的是Samuel de Champlain这个人物,故选D项。
D
答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：
1.细节理解题。根据第一段的"But I'm not going to lie. When that call comes and they inform me of their decision to take a year off from college ... but in those moments, I can't help envying them."可知,作者嫉妒他的朋友能休学一年。
2.词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中"I make the difficult decision of putting off the student loan debt …"可知,作者是贷款上大学,说明作者自己没有钱上学。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段的"I want everyone close to me to say 'hooray!' after I make the difficult decision of putting off the student loan debt ..."可知,作者期望:如果他能做出艰难决定, 推迟学生贷款债务,身边的人可以支持他。由此推知,他希望得到身边人的鼓励。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的"I made the decision not to increase the already ... completely unaware of the struggle of college students with student loans."可知,政府人员完全没有意识到有助学贷款的学生的努力。作者想到这一点心情是沮丧的, 作者在抱怨政府应该多关心学生。
第二节
答案：FEBGA
解析：本文主要说明了深入地认识自己对事业的选择的影响。
①根据上文内容可以知道这里是指前面提及的一个或多个因素会影响你对事业的选择。
②从本段主旨句可知,这里主要讲的是兴趣对事业选择的重要性。再根据空前内容及空后的"Job satisfaction contributes to a positive attitude at work"可知,兴趣会带来愉悦感,如果你享受你的工作,你就会有动力做好。
③根据空前一句话并结合选项可知,这里是问你对什么比较擅长。故选B。
④本空是本段主旨句,下文主要讲的是个人性格对事业选择的重要性,故选G。
⑤根据本段主旨句可知,本段主要是讲价值观。再根据空后一句可知,应选A。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.ABAAC; 6-10.DBCAD; 11-15.BBCDA
解析：1.从文章倒数第三段可知,空后是老师在报告里写的内容,故选A项。
2.从下文中的"Gurdon's love for science"可推知,老师认为他有成为科学家的想法,故选B项。
3.根据下文中的"He kept working hard"可知,老师的话并没有阻止他对科学的热爱。
4.根据语境并结合下文中的"Gurdon got the honor"可知,这位英国教授获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
5.根据空后的"his research into cells and cloning"可知,获得这个荣誉是因为他对细胞和克隆的研究,故选C项。
6.根据上文中的"his research into cells"和空后的on cells可知,此处表示他在牛津学习的时候,对细胞做过一些研究。
7.根据空前的The egg cell和下文中的"into a clone of the adult frog"可知,然后卵细胞长成成年青蛙的复制品。
8.根据空后的内容可知,空后为研究得出的结果,再结合选项可知,C项符合语境。
9.根据下文中的"But later it helped"可知,空处应表示当时很多人不能接受Gurdon的观点。
10.根据空后的"the first cloned mammal"并结合常识可知,克隆羊Dolly是被科学家创造出来的。
11.根据下文中所列举的例子可知,此处表示Gurdon的观点也使细胞在医学方面的应用有了重大发现。
12.根据空后的"when he was 15"并结合第一段内容可知,空处应指他15岁时的老师。
13.根据空前的"He even puts the report on his desk"可推测,他这么做的目的是提醒他自己。
14.根据语境并结合选项可知,假如实验不成功,要提醒自己也许自己在工作方面还不是非常擅长就好了。
15.根据语境并结合空前的"perhaps you are not so good at your job"可知,此处表示老师可能是正确的。
第二节
答案：1. a2. more3. to get4. supplies5. where6. directly7. will be operated8. effective9. for10. involved
解析：
德国汽车制造商宝马公司正在刚果探索改善开采金属钴的工人的工作环境,从而进一步增加电动汽车的产量。
1. a【解题思路】考査冠词。此处为钴下定义,表示泛指一种坚硬闪光的金属,且had的发音以辅音音素幵头,故填不定冠词a。
2. more【解题思路】考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的"than a mobile phone"可知,此处应填比较级形式。
3. to get【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作 struggling的宾语,表示"努力做某事"。
4. supplies【解题思路】考査名词复数分析句子结构可知,空处作主语。根据空后的are found可知,空处应填名词复数。
5. where【解题思路】考査定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为places,定语从句中缺地点状语,故填where, 相当于in which。
6. directly【解题思路】考査副词。空处修饰动词buy,故应填副词形式。
7. will be operated【解题思路】考査时态和语态。根据上文内容可知,此处动作还未发生,故应用一般将来时;根据by a local company 可知,the mine与operate之间是被动关系,故读一般将来时的被动语态。
8. effective【解题思路】考査形容词。由空前的are可知,空处应填形容词作表语;且由语境可知,此处表示"有效的",故填effective。
9. for【解题思路】考査介词。be responsible for意为"对......负责"为固定搭配。
10.involved【解题思路】考査非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, many companies与involve之间为被动矣系,故用动词-ed形式作后置定语。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Science lights up the future
Last week witnessed the 20th Science and Technology Festival of our school with the theme of "Science lights up the future".
To enrich students' knowledge of modern science and technology, our school held varieties of exhibitions and lectures, which were both informative and inspiring. There were many hand-on activities as well, among which the most popular ones were water rockets and 3D printing.
The annual festival proved hugely rewarding, broadening our horizons and promoting our creativity.
第二节
答案：
Several weeks later, Henry had to left the school to join the navy. Before he left, he had found that Mary slowly started opening up to her classmates. He was happy to see the changes but he didn't think too much of it. He hoped that his words could help the girl become more outgoing and confident. However, what made him disappointed was that he couldn't see more changes from Mary from then on.
Several years later, when Henry was walking, a woman asked him whether he remembered her. In front of him was a young lady, who looked sunny and confident. When he was reminded that she was a student in the middle school where he worked, Henry thought of her name. Mary told Henry that she had graduated from the university and was serving in the navy, too. It was Henry's small act of encouragement in the class years ago that continued to have a big impact on Mary. Henry felt proud that he had done something good.