人教版选择性必修第二册Unit5First Aid Vocabulary课件(39张ppt)

(共39张PPT)
人教版(2019)新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册
UNIT FIVE
First Aid
Vocabulary (5)
A volunteer helps local residents register information and get in line for nucleic acid tests at a community in Shenzhen, March 13, 2022. A more daunting task lies ahead as the characteristics of faster spread and stronger concealment of variant strains of Omicron require an earlier and faster response as well as stricter and more practical prevention and control measures.
practical adj.切实可行的; 实际的; 实践的
practice n. 练习; 实习; 实践; 惯例; 习惯
practise/practice v. 实践; 实习; 练习
practice作为名词的用法
1.实行,实施,实践[U]
I am afraid the idea would never work in practice.
恐怕这想法实际上行不通。
2.(反复的)练习,学习[C][U]
Learning a language needs a lot of practice.
学习语言需要勤练不辍。
3.(医生、律师等的)业务,工作,营业[C]
Dr. Pat is no longer in practice here.
派特医生不在这儿行医了。
4.习惯,常规,惯例[C][U]
The old practice still prevails in the countryside.
旧习俗在乡间仍然流行。
practice作为及物动词的用法
1.实践,实行
What I preach, I am resolved to practice.
我所讲的道理,我必定身体力行。
2.练习,实习;训练
The young girl practices the violin every day.
这小女孩每天练习拉小提琴。
3.开业从事
He has practiced law in Taipei for 30 years.
他在台北做律师已有三十年。
4. In practice, workers do not work to satisfy their needs.
事实上，工人工作并不是为了满足本身的需要。
5. put〔carry〕 into practice 实施,实行
We have discussed the plan continually for several weeks; now the time has come to put it into practice.我们已连续好几个星期讨论这计划了,现在到了付诸实施的时候了。
drill,exercise,practice,training,discipline
这些名词都有“练习、训练、锻炼”之意。 drill侧重进行有系统的，严格和重复的练习。 exercise主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼，也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。 practice指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。 training普通用词，泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。 discipline既可指训练又可指为达到某种熟练程度而进行的约束。
habit,custom,manners,usage,practice,convention,tradition
这些名词均含有“习惯，风俗，传统”之意。 habit侧重于自然养成的，不易去掉的个人习惯。 custom指一个国家、一个民族、一个地区或一个社会的习惯、行为方式或风俗习惯。也可指个人的习惯。 manners指在某一时期或某一团体中盛行的社会礼仪或社会风俗模式。 usage指持续时间长，为很多人公认采纳的惯例、习俗。 practice常指习惯性的做法或行为。 convention多指约定俗成的行为方式规则或公认的标准，或指艺术上公认的技巧。 tradition广义指世代相传的伦理、行为规范和生活方式，特指因长久奉行而几乎具有法律效力的习惯、习俗，侧重历史意义。
in practice
在实践中;实际上,事实上;在练习,熟练地
out of practice
adv.荒疏,久不练习
target practice
n. 打靶,射击练习
medical practice
医疗实践
group practice
n. （医生）合伙开业
practice teacher
n.(本身还是裪ng n.教学实习,实习老师
skull practice
战术讲解 战术训练
practice of medicine
【医】 行医
Police officers patrol the border in Southwest China's Yunnan province.
The problem of people sneaking in and out of the country remains grim and complex at key ports in China, and a new operation will be launched to target activities obstructing border management, the National Immigration Administration said on Wednesday.
obstruction n. 阻碍; 堵塞; 阻塞物
obstacle n.障碍物；障碍；阻碍；
block n.大块；积木；一块；一份；
vt.封锁；阻塞；堵塞；阻碍
barrier n.屏障; 障碍; 壁垒; 阻碍
jam n. 果酱; 堵塞
a traffic jam: 交通堵塞
The road was cleared from obstruction .
那条路已被清除了障碍。
The traffic flowed round the obstruction.
车辆绕过障碍行驶。
He was arrested for obstruction of a police officer in the execution of his duty.
他因妨碍警察执行公务而被逮捕。
These tumors often resulted in stenosis or obstruction of the bronchus.
邻近支气管常有狭窄或闭塞。
He was found guilty of obstruction.
他被判阻挡犯规。
On March 17, 2018, inside the Great Hall of the People, President Xi Jinping placed his left hand upon a copy of the Constitution, raised his right fist, and began to recite: "I pledge my allegiance to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to safeguard the Constitution's authority, fulfill my legal obligations..."
fist n.拳; 拳头
v. 紧握
（用）拳打，以拳攻击
相似词first 首先; 第一; 最初
短语
1. make a fist.握紧拳头
2. be a good fist with one's iron胃口很好
3. give us(或me)your fist伸出手来，握手言欢
4. shake one's fist at sb 向某人挥拳
e.g.
He shook his fist at me.他对我挥舞着拳头。
I clenched my fist and hit him.我攥紧拳头向他击去。
He was banging on the door with his fist.他用拳头砸门。
Frank made his fist and broke out in excitement.
富兰克紧握拳头，冲动地说。
Passers-by lift a car to rescue a girl trapped underneath after a traffic accident in Wuyi county of Jinhua, East China's Zhejiang province, on March 15, 2022. [Screen grab/CCTV News app]
grab v. 抓住; 攫取n. 抓取; 抢夺
(指突然抓住某人或某物,强调动作粗野,
有时也指紧紧抓住某人或某物。)
同义词：take,catch,hold seize ,grasp,snatch
用作动词 (v.)
Grab a seat and make yourself at home.
随便找个地方坐，别客气。
Let's grab a sandwich and go to see the film.
让我们赶快吃个三明治就去看电影吧。
He grabbed my collar and pulled me towards him.
他抓住我的领子把我拉倒他面前。
When I gave him the chance, he grabbed it at once.
我给他这一机会，他立刻抓住不放。
They want desperately to grab our Liberated Areas.
我们解放区的地方，他们要拚命来争。
用作名词 (n.)
The job is up for grabs. Why don't you apply now
那工作谁都可以争取。你怎么不现在就申请呢？
He made a savage grab for the knife.
他恶狠狠地去抓刀子。
Torchbearer and former Chinese Paralympian Li Duan lights the Paralympic flame during the opening ceremony at the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games on Friday.
He punched the air triumphantly with his left fist, with his right hand still tightly grasping the torch.
tightly adv. 紧紧地; 牢固地; 紧密的
tight adv. 紧紧地; 牢固地
adj. 牢固的; 紧身的; 绷紧的; 严密的
tight与tightly的用法区别


两者均可表示“紧紧地”，但tight通常只用于动词之后，而tightly则可用于动词之前或之后。如：
Please hold it tight [tightly].
请紧紧握住它。
We were tightly packed in the bus.
我们在公共汽车里紧紧地挤在一起。
It has stuck so tightly that I can't get it off. 它黏得这样紧我没法把它揭下来。
Tyler Turner of Canada in action during the Winter Paralympics men's para snowboard cross SB-LL1 big finals at Genting Snow Park in Zhangjiakou, Hebei province, on Monday.
Thumb bent and the other four fingers closed, the prosthetic hand of Jia Hongguang firmly gripped the Paralympic torch and handed it to the next torchbearer.
Then, in another smooth motion, Jia shook hands with a spectator, who had congratulated him for completing his leg of the torch relay at Beijing's world-famous Temple of Heaven Park on Wednesday.
Free movement of people should be reinforced in Africa to boost economic integration of the continent for common prosperity, according to a report released by the African Union last week.
A US cargo ship docks at the Qingdao Port, Shandong province. Tariff move highlights Trump's trade war folly: China Daily editorial
motion、move与movement
motion : 指不处于静止状态而在移动的过程中，强调运动本身，而不涉及其动因。
The violent motion of the ship upset his stomach.
船的剧烈摇晃使他的胃很不舒服。
He rocked the cradle with a gentle backwards and forwards motion.
他轻轻地前后晃动摇篮。
They showed the goal again in slow motion (= at a slower speed so that the action could be more clearly seen).
他们用慢动作又播了一遍进球镜头。
move : 着重开始的行动或变化。
She held the gun to his head and said, "One move and you're dead!"
她拿着枪对着他的头，说：“动一下你就没命了。”
I hate the way my boss watches my every move (= watches everything I do).
我讨厌老板总是监视我的一举一动。
movement : 通常抽象地指有规则的动作或定向运动，特指政治性的运动。
He made a sudden movement and frightened the bird away.
他突然动了一下，鸟受惊飞走了。
motion、move与movement
For a long time after the accident, he had no movement in (= was unable to move) his legs.
出事以后的很长时间里，他的腿都不能动。
Her movements were somewhat clumsy.
她的动作很笨拙。
the women's movement
妇女运动
The suffragette movement campaigned for votes for women.
妇女参政运动旨在为妇女争取选举权利。
a movement to stop animals being killed for their fur
制止猎杀动物获取毛皮的运动
（一）一般说来,act指个别具体的行动；action 指抽象的行为.
（二）act大都指短暂的、简单的动作；action 指较长的、复杂的行为.例如我们应该说the action of a machine,而不说the act of a machine.
（三）在下列场合,只能用act,不能用action；the act of cruelty,folly,mercy,God（天灾）,jumping,stealing,walking,kindness,madness.
（四）在下列场合,只能用action,不能用act：to take action,in speech and action,a man of action,put into action,ready for action,to come （bring） into action.在某些习语和表示“作用” 的涵义时,也只能用action,不用act.
Actions speak louder than words；Chemical action（化学 作用）
The pickpocket was caught in the act.扒手在行窃是被抓住了.
Trying to cover up the mistake is an act of folly.试图隐藏错误是一件愚蠢的事.
In the act of picking up the ball,he slipped and fell.他在拾球的时候滑倒了.
Don't take any action.不要采用任何行动.
He is a man of action.他是一个很活跃的人.
The government must take action to prevent unemployment from deteriorating.
政府必须采用行动防止失业情况恶化.
face up面对,面朝上；正面朝上；面向上
face down正面朝下；压倒；降服
例句
1.With strong entrepreneur spirit and great sense of responsibility, can face up to any hardships and challenges.
拥有很强的事业心和责任感，能够面对任何困难和挑战。
2.The card that is face up on the deck is always available for play.
左上角牌叠中正面朝上的牌都可以出。
3.She couldn't face up to the fact that she was no longer young.
她无法面对自己不再年轻的事实。
face短语
1. be faced with 面临。如：
They are all faced with the same problem. 他们都面临同样的问题。
2. face the music 承当后果。如：
You’ve been caught cheating ---- now you must face the music. 你的骗局被戳穿了，现在你得自食其果了。
3. face to face (with) 面对面，面临，当面。如：
He stood face to face with her. 他与她面对面站着。
He came face to face with death. 他面临死亡。
4. in (the) face of
(1) 面对。如：
He showed great bravery in face of danger. 在危险面前他表现出非常勇敢。
(2) 尽管，不顾。如：
He succeeded in the face of great difficulties. 尽管有巨大困难，但他还是成功了。
5. pull [wear] a long face愁眉苦脸的样子， 板着面孔。如：
She pulled a long face when she heard that. 他听到这话之后， 显示出一副不高兴的样子。
A demonstration is staged in Philadelphia on Nov 30 against Asian American hate.
While such individuals can be a threat to anyone regardless of race, Asians have borne serious attacks, especially in the past two years, with violent offenders using the COVID-19 pandemic to justify their attacks. Women and the elderly have frequently been victimized, as they are easy to be more hurt.
justify v. 证明…有道理;
为…辩护; 是...的正当理由
justify doing...:
证明做什么有道理/正确/正当
justify sth:为…辩护
just: adj. 公正的; 公平的; 正当的
justice n. 公正; 公平; 公道
justify是及物动词,作“证明…是正当的或有理由的”解时,后可接名词或动名词作宾语。作“为自己的言行辩护”解时,其后接“反身代词+for〔by〕 sth/ v -ing”结构。
justify在用于被动语态时,有时相当于汉语里的“有道理”,后面常接“in+ n./v -ing”。
He had to justify himself for his conduct.
他不得不为自己的行为辩白。
Don't try to justify your mistakes.
不要为自己的缺点辩护。
Nothing can justify your cheating on an exam.
任何事情都不能成为你考试作弊的理由。
Such action can be justified on the grounds of greater efficiency.
以提高功效为依据可以证明采取这种措施是正确的。
People receive COVID-19 tests at a facility in Seoul on Sunday. South Korea , whose total caseload is nearing the 10-million mark, has introduced moderated social distancing guidelines until April 3, according to an announcement last week by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, which projected the imminent peak in daily infections.
welfare n.幸福; 福祉; 安康; 福利
charity n.慈善; 慈善机构/组织
A mechanical crane lifts a bus from the site of the collapsed Fern Hollow Bridge in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US on Jan 31, 2022.
collapse vi. (突然)倒塌; (因病等)昏倒 collapse: v. 倒塌; 坍塌
(通常指房屋等倒塌, 强调突然性)
fall: v. 倒塌
(通常指因失去平衡等而倒塌或跌倒)
sink: v. 倒下
(尤指人因过于劳累、体弱等而倒下)
faint: v. 昏倒; 晕厥
用作动词 (v.)
The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.
房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。
If you work too hard,your health may collapse.
如果你工作太累的话，你可能病倒。
The enterprise collapsed through lack of support.
该企业因无力支持而倒闭。
He collapsed the wheelchair and put it on the boat.
他将轮椅折叠起来放在船上。
用作名词 (n.)
A flood caused the collapse of the bridge.
洪水使桥倒塌了。
The stock market was on the brink of collapse.
股市已到崩盘的边缘。
Villagers place mulch over rice seedlings to maintain warmth after heavy snowfall on Youyi Farm in Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang province. Chen Yang, a senior engineer with the center, said most of the drivers need to measure the farmland they cover to report their workload to their employers, and the app is more efficient than manual measuring tools.
manual n. 使用手册; 说明书 adj. 用手的; 手工的; 体力的; 手控的
相似词annual adj.延续一年的；全年的；
n.年报；年刊；年鉴；一年生植物；
The girl loves to sleep in on/at the weekends.
sleep in: 迟起; 睡过头; 睡懒觉
An artificial wetland in the shape of a flower floats on a lake in the East Lake High-tech Zone, Wuhan, Hubei province, on Tuesday. The structure, about the size of 12 basketball courts, is comprised of blocks of aquatic plants, providing resting space for migrating birds.
shape n.形状；外形；轮廓；影像；模糊的外形；形状；图形；形式；形态；方式；幻影；幻象；幽灵；
vt.使成…形状；塑造；制作；决定…的形成；影响…的发展；拟定；制定；设计
shape n. 形状；模型；状态；身材
vt. 塑造；使符合；体现；
vi. 使成形；形成；
例句：
This island is triangular in shape.
这个岛的外形呈三角形。
The new building gradually took shape.
新大楼渐渐地建立起轮廓。
The alert guard perceived a dim shape in the distance.
那个机敏的警卫观察到远方有一个模糊的影子。
What shape is the team in after its defeat
这个队失败后情况如何
Was he in good shape yesterday
他昨天状态好吗？
She has a pleasing shape.
她的身段很俊俏。
He was dressed in a three-piece suit with an incongruous tie shaped like a fish.
他穿着三件套搭配一条像鱼一样的领带。
例句：
Her nails were beautifully shaped and polished.
她的指甲被很好的修剪过了。
It shapes the pattern of our life and thinking way.
它塑造了我们的生活方式和思考方式。
The plan is beginning to shape up.
这一计划正在开始成形。
I will try to shape myself into a confident girl .
我会让自己成为一个自信的女孩。
We all wonder how these changes will shape us.
我们都想知道这些变化会如何影响我们。
It was the Greeks who shaped the thinking of Western man.
正是希腊人影响了西方人的思维。
二、form,shape
这些动词均有“使成形”之意。
form通常指对尚未成形的物品作进一步加工，使成为成品。
shape比mould使用广泛，指用许多不同的方法制成不同形状的制品。
短语：
shape up成形,形成,顺利发展
take shape成形,形成,具体化,有显著发展
(be) out of shape: 健康状况不好
(be) in shape: 健康
How does such a relationship take shape
这种关系是怎么成型的呢？
The plan is beginning to shape up.
这一计划正在开始成形。
The picture is round in shape.
这幅画是圆形的。
Take exercise if you’re out of shape.
Temperatures drop significantly in October. When the cold air encounters autumn rain, the abundant water vapor in the air soon reaches saturation, and then it turns into misty rain or fog. When the humidity is high, there will be foggy regions formed in many areas of China.
foggy adj. 有雾的 fog: n. 雾
misty [misti]: adj. 多雾的; 模糊的mist: n. 薄雾; 水汽
frost [fr st]: n. 霜; 严寒天气; 霜冻v. 使蒙上霜; 结霜
A damaged building is seen in the Qudsaya suburb of Damascus, capital of Syria, Feb 9, 2022, as a result of the Israeli strikes that targeted military sites in Damascus earlier on Wednesday.
suburb n. 郊区; 城外
city: n. (大)城市; 都市
town: n. 城镇; 集镇
urban
adj. 城市的; 都市的; 城镇的
rural adj.乡村的; 农村的
Services based on profit models such as membership payment have become the most annoying drawbacks of smart TV.
membership n.
会员身份; 全体会员; 会员人数
member: n. 成员;会员; 分子
a membership card/fee: 会员卡/会费
The membership + 单数动词/复数动词
Club membership is 25.
俱乐部入会费是25英镑。
We've issued you with a membership card.
我们已经给你发了一张会员卡。
the membership is something over 10,000.
会员人数大约有1万多人。
mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing:
口对口人工呼吸
do/perform mouth-to-mouth rescue
breathing:
做口对口人工呼吸
Thanks