Unit 1 people of achievement 同步语篇练习-2021-2022学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 1 people of achievement 同步语篇练习-2021-2022学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 44.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-29 08:11:07 | ||
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People of achievement（RJ）
阅读理解（2018 西宁模拟）
Eighty-five-year-old Chinese pharmacologist（药理学家）Tu Youyou became China's first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine when it was announced that she was one of three scientists awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in developing effective drugs against parasitic （寄生的）diseases.
Tu was honored for developing artemisinin（青蒿素），a drug for malaria（疟疾）that has saved millions of lives across the globe, especially in the developing world, the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute disclosed on its website on Monday. Tu, a Chinese trained pharmacologist and a researcher at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences in Beijing, went to Stockholm, Sweden in December to receive her award, according to Cao Hongxin, the science and technology department head of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
"She was calm and said she has received lots of congratulatory calls." Cao told China Daily on Monday after he telephoned Tu to congratulate her. "It's an overdue（迟来的）honor for Tu and the world's recognition of traditional Chinese medicine," he said.
"Tu's breakthrough in winning the Nobel Prize in a natural science is the pride of the whole nation and the whole Chinese scientific community," said Zhou Dejin, spokesman of the Chinese Academy of Science, China's national research body that consists of more than one hundred research institutes, universities and research branches.
"The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s, but it only received international recognition in later years, which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized." Zhou said.
1. Why was Tu Youyou awarded the Nobel Prize
A. She made a breakthrough in the Chinese scientific community.
B. She came up with a revolutionary theory about medicine.
C. She devoted her whole life to medicine research.
D.She developed a very effective drug in the 1970s.
2. What do we know about Tu Youyou
A. She secretly accepted the Nobel Prize by herself.
B. She's the second Chinese to win the 2015 Nobel Prize.
C. She has an ordinary heart though winning the Nobel Prize Prize.
D. She won the 2015 Nobel in Physiology or Medicine with three scientists.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. China lacks talented scientists like Tu Youyou.
B. Tu's achievement was recognized by the world a long time ago.
C.Chinese scientists should work harder to win more Nobel Prizes.
D. More Chinese scientific achievements should be acknowledged.
4.What type of writing does this passage belong to
A. A scientific report
B. An official document
C. A news report
D. A medical record
夯实基础
阅读词汇检测
announce v.
effective adj.
disclosed v.
receive v.
congratulatory adj.
recognition n.
breakthrough n.
branches n.
achievement n.
suggest v.
according to
natural science
consist of
重难点句子分析
Eighty-five-year-old Chinese pharmacologist（药理学家）Tu Youyou became China's first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine when it was announced that she was one of three scientists awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in developing effective drugs against parasitic （寄生的）diseases. 因研发出针对寄生虫疾病的有效药物，85岁的中国药理学家屠呦呦和另外两位科学家一起被授予2015诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，因此成为中国首位诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者。
这是一个超长句，由主句和when引导的时间状语从句构成。在when引导的时间状语从句中，it为形式主语，后面that引导的是主语从句；awarded为过去分词作后置定语修饰three scientists;介词for在句中表原因。
仿写翻译
（1）据报道，近年来就业率一直在增长。
employment rate in recent years.
（2）5年前修建的那座大桥已经倒塌了。
The bridge five years ago .
（3）他由于违法而受到惩罚。
He was punished the law.
The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s, but it only received international recognition in later years, which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized. 青蒿素的发现是在20世纪70年代，但直到最近几年才得到国际上的认可，这说明我们也许有更多的成就都已经达到了诺贝奖的水准，只是还没被发掘和认可。
本句中which引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句“The achievement...in later years”,此时关系代词不能用that,从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
仿写翻译
这台电脑储存了大量的信息，这对你的研究非常有用。
This computer stores information , is of great
your research.
这个意外事故让我的马受到了惊吓，这使得它疯狂地跑了起来。
This accident frightened my horse, .
完形填空（2017 广东高二期中改编）
In 1929, Albert Einstein publicly declared that if a war 1. he would “ 2. to do war service, direct or indirect…” His position would change in 1933, as the result of Adolf Hitler's coming into 3. in Germany.
Einstein's greatest role in the 4. of the atomic bomb （原子弹）was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be 5. an atomic bomb. 6. those concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner. But Szilard and Wigner had no 7. with those in power. So in July 1939 they 8. the problem to someone who did: Albert Einstein. After talking with Einstein, in August 1939 Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's 9. on it, which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939.
Germany has invaded Poland the previous month; the time was ripe for action. That October research of a-bomb began but proceeded 10. because the invention of the atomic bomb seemed distant and 11. . In April 1940 an Einstein letter, ghost-written by Szilard,12. the researchers on the need for “greater speed”.
13. the realization of nuclear weapons grew near, Einstein looked beyond the current war to future problems that such weapons could 14. . He wrote to his friend about his 15. about the future use of the a-bomb.
The atomic bombings of Japan 16. three months after Germany 17. .
In November 1954, five months before his 18. , Einstein summarized his feelings about his role in the creation of the atomic bomb: “I made one great mistake in my life… when I signed a letter to President Roosevelt 19. that atom bombs be made; but there was some 20. ---- the danger that the Germans would make them”.
1. A break in B break out C break through D break down
2. A refused B offered C desired D demanded
3. A effect B fashion C conflict D power
4. A discovery B finding C invention D production
5. A working out B working on C working with D working for
6. A Between B Behind C Among D Inside
7. A influence B business C conversation D concern
8. A explained B created C avoided D made
9. A fingerprint B message C notes D signature
10. A fast B slowly C steadily D smoothly
11. A likely B probable C unlikely D realistic
12. A pressed B punished C prevented D pulled
13. A After B Before C As D While
14. A provide B solve C bring D indicate
15. A hesitation B joy C fear D nervousness
16. A occurred B exploded C happened D arose
17. A gave out B gave away B give off D give in
18. A birth B appearance C illness D death
19. A recommending B opposing C discussing D ordering
20. A excuses B justification C comments D necessities
夯实基础
阅读词汇检测
declare v.
indirect adj.
position n.
urging v.
concerned adj.
invaded v.
proceeded v.
realization n.
current adj.
weapons n.
grow near
重难点句子分析
Einstein's greatest role in the 4. of the atomic bomb （原子弹）was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be 5. an atomic bomb. 爱因斯坦在原子弹的 4. 中最重要的作用就是签署了一封信给罗斯福总统，敦促制造原子弹，因为一些物理学家担心德国可能在 5. 原子弹。
划线部分urging后that引导的是宾语从句，谓语使用了虚拟语气，be built前面也可以加上should。“(should)+动词原形”形式的虚拟语气常常与表示命令、建议、要求等意思的词语连用，如：insist，demand,require,order,advise,recommend,suggest等。
仿写翻译
很多人坚持要求献血，因为血可以拯救生命。
Many people blood, for it can save lives.
我建议你听点轻音乐放松一下。
I suggest you to relax yourself.
After talking with Einstein, in August 1939 Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's 9. on it, which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939. 在和爱因斯坦交谈之后，西拉德在1939年8月写了一封信给罗斯福总统，上面有爱因斯坦的9. ，这封信在1939年10月送到了罗斯福手中。
划线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句，对先行词a letter进行补充说明。非限制性定语从句的有无不影响主句的意思完整性，翻译时一般不翻译为定语，而是译为与主句并列的分句。另外需要注意，在非限制性定语从句中即使关系代词which/who作宾语成分，也不能省略。
仿写翻译
这个夏天我打算在一家外国公司做兼职，借此来开阔我的视野和获得一些工作经验。
This summer I intend to take up a part-time job in a foreign company , I can
and .
一座全新的体育场馆正在修建，它将成为我们学校的新地标。
A brand new stadium ， a new landmark in our school.
语法填空（2022 湖北高三调研）
“Learn from Lei Feng Day ”falls on March 5, a day set aside to honor the spirit of helping others. Lei Feng was a soldier of the PLA. He 1. ( honor) as a selfless and modest figure after his death and 2. ( consequent) was an idol (偶像)to many. Today Lei continues to serve as an idol to us and has become 3. cultural symbol. Born in Wangcheng, Hunan, Lei joined the Communist youth corps(兵团)when he was very young. One day Lei was directing a truck in backing up when a telephone pole, 4. ( strike) by an army truck, killed him. After Lei's death, Chairman Mao started 5. was to be known as the “Learn from Comrade Lei Feng" Campaign. Since then, March 5th 6. ( become) the official "Learn from Lei Feng Day". This day involves 7. ( variety) community and school events 8. people clean up parks, schools, and other community locations. Lei's most recognizable image in popular culture is in many T-shirts. He is in the same category as other revolutionary 9. ( symbol). In March 2006, China released a game titled Learn From Lei Feng Online. 10. ( get) through to the final in the game, the player has to do good deeds and serve people heart and soul like Lei Feng.
参考答案：
阅读理解：DCDC
完形填空：B A D C B C A A D B C A C C C A D D A B
语法填空：1. was honored 2. consequently 3. a 4. strike/stricken 5. what
has become 7. various 8. where 9. symbols 10. To get
阅读理解（2018 西宁模拟）
Eighty-five-year-old Chinese pharmacologist（药理学家）Tu Youyou became China's first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine when it was announced that she was one of three scientists awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in developing effective drugs against parasitic （寄生的）diseases.
Tu was honored for developing artemisinin（青蒿素），a drug for malaria（疟疾）that has saved millions of lives across the globe, especially in the developing world, the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute disclosed on its website on Monday. Tu, a Chinese trained pharmacologist and a researcher at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences in Beijing, went to Stockholm, Sweden in December to receive her award, according to Cao Hongxin, the science and technology department head of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
"She was calm and said she has received lots of congratulatory calls." Cao told China Daily on Monday after he telephoned Tu to congratulate her. "It's an overdue（迟来的）honor for Tu and the world's recognition of traditional Chinese medicine," he said.
"Tu's breakthrough in winning the Nobel Prize in a natural science is the pride of the whole nation and the whole Chinese scientific community," said Zhou Dejin, spokesman of the Chinese Academy of Science, China's national research body that consists of more than one hundred research institutes, universities and research branches.
"The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s, but it only received international recognition in later years, which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized." Zhou said.
1. Why was Tu Youyou awarded the Nobel Prize
A. She made a breakthrough in the Chinese scientific community.
B. She came up with a revolutionary theory about medicine.
C. She devoted her whole life to medicine research.
D.She developed a very effective drug in the 1970s.
2. What do we know about Tu Youyou
A. She secretly accepted the Nobel Prize by herself.
B. She's the second Chinese to win the 2015 Nobel Prize.
C. She has an ordinary heart though winning the Nobel Prize Prize.
D. She won the 2015 Nobel in Physiology or Medicine with three scientists.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. China lacks talented scientists like Tu Youyou.
B. Tu's achievement was recognized by the world a long time ago.
C.Chinese scientists should work harder to win more Nobel Prizes.
D. More Chinese scientific achievements should be acknowledged.
4.What type of writing does this passage belong to
A. A scientific report
B. An official document
C. A news report
D. A medical record
夯实基础
阅读词汇检测
announce v.
effective adj.
disclosed v.
receive v.
congratulatory adj.
recognition n.
breakthrough n.
branches n.
achievement n.
suggest v.
according to
natural science
consist of
重难点句子分析
Eighty-five-year-old Chinese pharmacologist（药理学家）Tu Youyou became China's first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine when it was announced that she was one of three scientists awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in developing effective drugs against parasitic （寄生的）diseases. 因研发出针对寄生虫疾病的有效药物，85岁的中国药理学家屠呦呦和另外两位科学家一起被授予2015诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，因此成为中国首位诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者。
这是一个超长句，由主句和when引导的时间状语从句构成。在when引导的时间状语从句中，it为形式主语，后面that引导的是主语从句；awarded为过去分词作后置定语修饰three scientists;介词for在句中表原因。
仿写翻译
（1）据报道，近年来就业率一直在增长。
employment rate in recent years.
（2）5年前修建的那座大桥已经倒塌了。
The bridge five years ago .
（3）他由于违法而受到惩罚。
He was punished the law.
The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s, but it only received international recognition in later years, which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized. 青蒿素的发现是在20世纪70年代，但直到最近几年才得到国际上的认可，这说明我们也许有更多的成就都已经达到了诺贝奖的水准，只是还没被发掘和认可。
本句中which引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句“The achievement...in later years”,此时关系代词不能用that,从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
仿写翻译
这台电脑储存了大量的信息，这对你的研究非常有用。
This computer stores information , is of great
your research.
这个意外事故让我的马受到了惊吓，这使得它疯狂地跑了起来。
This accident frightened my horse, .
完形填空（2017 广东高二期中改编）
In 1929, Albert Einstein publicly declared that if a war 1. he would “ 2. to do war service, direct or indirect…” His position would change in 1933, as the result of Adolf Hitler's coming into 3. in Germany.
Einstein's greatest role in the 4. of the atomic bomb （原子弹）was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be 5. an atomic bomb. 6. those concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner. But Szilard and Wigner had no 7. with those in power. So in July 1939 they 8. the problem to someone who did: Albert Einstein. After talking with Einstein, in August 1939 Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's 9. on it, which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939.
Germany has invaded Poland the previous month; the time was ripe for action. That October research of a-bomb began but proceeded 10. because the invention of the atomic bomb seemed distant and 11. . In April 1940 an Einstein letter, ghost-written by Szilard,12. the researchers on the need for “greater speed”.
13. the realization of nuclear weapons grew near, Einstein looked beyond the current war to future problems that such weapons could 14. . He wrote to his friend about his 15. about the future use of the a-bomb.
The atomic bombings of Japan 16. three months after Germany 17. .
In November 1954, five months before his 18. , Einstein summarized his feelings about his role in the creation of the atomic bomb: “I made one great mistake in my life… when I signed a letter to President Roosevelt 19. that atom bombs be made; but there was some 20. ---- the danger that the Germans would make them”.
1. A break in B break out C break through D break down
2. A refused B offered C desired D demanded
3. A effect B fashion C conflict D power
4. A discovery B finding C invention D production
5. A working out B working on C working with D working for
6. A Between B Behind C Among D Inside
7. A influence B business C conversation D concern
8. A explained B created C avoided D made
9. A fingerprint B message C notes D signature
10. A fast B slowly C steadily D smoothly
11. A likely B probable C unlikely D realistic
12. A pressed B punished C prevented D pulled
13. A After B Before C As D While
14. A provide B solve C bring D indicate
15. A hesitation B joy C fear D nervousness
16. A occurred B exploded C happened D arose
17. A gave out B gave away B give off D give in
18. A birth B appearance C illness D death
19. A recommending B opposing C discussing D ordering
20. A excuses B justification C comments D necessities
夯实基础
阅读词汇检测
declare v.
indirect adj.
position n.
urging v.
concerned adj.
invaded v.
proceeded v.
realization n.
current adj.
weapons n.
grow near
重难点句子分析
Einstein's greatest role in the 4. of the atomic bomb （原子弹）was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be 5. an atomic bomb. 爱因斯坦在原子弹的 4. 中最重要的作用就是签署了一封信给罗斯福总统，敦促制造原子弹，因为一些物理学家担心德国可能在 5. 原子弹。
划线部分urging后that引导的是宾语从句，谓语使用了虚拟语气，be built前面也可以加上should。“(should)+动词原形”形式的虚拟语气常常与表示命令、建议、要求等意思的词语连用，如：insist，demand,require,order,advise,recommend,suggest等。
仿写翻译
很多人坚持要求献血，因为血可以拯救生命。
Many people blood, for it can save lives.
我建议你听点轻音乐放松一下。
I suggest you to relax yourself.
After talking with Einstein, in August 1939 Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's 9. on it, which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939. 在和爱因斯坦交谈之后，西拉德在1939年8月写了一封信给罗斯福总统，上面有爱因斯坦的9. ，这封信在1939年10月送到了罗斯福手中。
划线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句，对先行词a letter进行补充说明。非限制性定语从句的有无不影响主句的意思完整性，翻译时一般不翻译为定语，而是译为与主句并列的分句。另外需要注意，在非限制性定语从句中即使关系代词which/who作宾语成分，也不能省略。
仿写翻译
这个夏天我打算在一家外国公司做兼职，借此来开阔我的视野和获得一些工作经验。
This summer I intend to take up a part-time job in a foreign company , I can
and .
一座全新的体育场馆正在修建，它将成为我们学校的新地标。
A brand new stadium ， a new landmark in our school.
语法填空（2022 湖北高三调研）
“Learn from Lei Feng Day ”falls on March 5, a day set aside to honor the spirit of helping others. Lei Feng was a soldier of the PLA. He 1. ( honor) as a selfless and modest figure after his death and 2. ( consequent) was an idol (偶像)to many. Today Lei continues to serve as an idol to us and has become 3. cultural symbol. Born in Wangcheng, Hunan, Lei joined the Communist youth corps(兵团)when he was very young. One day Lei was directing a truck in backing up when a telephone pole, 4. ( strike) by an army truck, killed him. After Lei's death, Chairman Mao started 5. was to be known as the “Learn from Comrade Lei Feng" Campaign. Since then, March 5th 6. ( become) the official "Learn from Lei Feng Day". This day involves 7. ( variety) community and school events 8. people clean up parks, schools, and other community locations. Lei's most recognizable image in popular culture is in many T-shirts. He is in the same category as other revolutionary 9. ( symbol). In March 2006, China released a game titled Learn From Lei Feng Online. 10. ( get) through to the final in the game, the player has to do good deeds and serve people heart and soul like Lei Feng.
参考答案：
阅读理解：DCDC
完形填空：B A D C B C A A D B C A C C C A D D A B
语法填空：1. was honored 2. consequently 3. a 4. strike/stricken 5. what
has become 7. various 8. where 9. symbols 10. To get