人教版(2019)必修第三册Unit2 Morals and Virtues Words and Expressions单元词汇课件（48张ppt)

(共48张PPT)
Unit2 Morals and Virtues
Words and Expressions
a precious gift 珍贵的礼物
a precious moment/memory 珍贵的时刻/记忆
precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 / pre s/
What is precious to you
例句：They had a long and happy marriage. 他们的婚姻长久而幸福。
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
归纳拓展：
marry v. (和某人) 结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb
married adj. 已婚的；结婚的
be married (to sb) （与……结婚）【表状态】
get married (to sb) (与……结婚） 【表动作】
单句语法填空：
The survey[调查] shows that two-thirds of ______ (marry) women earn less than their husband.
married
(1)the majority of... 大多数……(谓语动词的单复数取决于介词of后的名词）
例句：The majority of people who live in this town have private cars.
居住在这个镇上的大多数人都有私家车。
(2)major adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 n. 专业 vi. 主修
major in 主修……
例句：他的专业是数学
反义词：minority n. 少数
minor adj. 次要的；较少的；轻微的
majority n. 大部分；大多数
His major is maths.
He majors in maths.
The ________ (major) of the citizens in that region have been affected by social media.
An agreement (协议) seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members ________ (be) against it.
One-third of the country is covered with grass and _____________ (大多数)the citizens live in tents.
In college I _________ (主修) Natural Science. What was your major
单句语法填空/完成句子
majority
are
the majority of
majored in
(1)complain about… 抱怨……
complain (to sb.) that+句子 (向某人)抱怨……
complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
(2)complaint n. 抱怨
make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
He never complained about working overtime.他从来不抱怨加班。
Mrs Jones complained to the doctor that her back always hurts her.
琼斯太太向医生诉说她背部老是痛。
She complained to me about his rude behaviour.她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。
complain vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚

v．＋-t→n.
complain抱怨→complaint抱怨
weigh称重→weight重量
join连接→joint接头
词性变化积累
Lots of people have complained ________ the noise.
If the service was so bad why didn't you complain _______the manager
I've made a __________(complain) to the police about the noise.
She __________________ (向我抱怨说) no one could tell her the feature of the house.
We should think about how to deal with the problems instead of ____________________________ (抱怨别人的错误).
单句语法填空/完成句子
to
about
complaint
complained to me that
making a complaint about others’ mistakes
complaining about others’ mistakes
respond to sb/sth　　　　回答，回复；对……做出反应
例句：
The teacher responded yes to the question that student put forward.
老师对那个学生提出的问题作了肯定的回答。
The police respond to emergencies in just a few minutes.
紧急事件发生时，警察在短短几分钟内就会作出反应。
词语积累：
response n．反应；回答；回复
in response to作为对……的答复/反应
make a response (to...)(对……)做出回应/反应
respond vt.回答；回复　vi.做出反应；回应
After all, knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly ________ emergencies.
He made no ________ (respond) to my question, and went on with his movie.
单句语法填空/完成句子
to
response
reject sb. 拒绝接受某人
reject one's idea/suggestion/plan 拒绝接受某人的想法/建议/计划
reject a proposal / decision / an argument 拒绝接受一个提议/决定/论点
He wanted to join the army but was rejected because of his poor health.
他想参军，但因身体欠佳未被录用。
The prime minister（首相） rejected the suggestion that people should spend more money on the development of economy.
首相拒绝接受人们应该花更多钱在发展经济的这条建议。
reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用
词语积累：
rejection n．拒绝接受；否决

词语辨析：reject与refuse
(1)reject vt.正式用词，“摒弃，不采用，不使用”，不可接不定式作宾语。
(2) refuse vi. & vt.普通用词，“拒绝”，可接不定式作宾语。
①He __________ (reject) from the factory because of laziness.
②Although writing a ________ (reject) letter can be difficult, there are situations where it's absolutely necessary.
④I absolutely ________ （refuse/reject）to take part in anything that's illegal.
　单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空(reject/refuse)
was rejected
rejection
refuse
Environmental awareness has increased significantly over the past decade.
环境意识在过去十年已经有了显著的提高。
decade n. 十年；十年期
tend (to) sb./sth. 照料/护理某人；照管某物
tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事
She tended her husband carefully during his illness.她丈夫生病期间，她无微不至地照顾他。
People tend to get fat when they grow older.人们年纪大时往往会发胖。
词语积累：
tendency n．趋势；倾向
a tendency to do sth.做某事的倾向
There is a growing tendency to regard money more highly than quality of life.越来越多的人倾向于把金钱看得重于生活质量。
tend vt.照顾；照料　vi.倾向；趋于
①Typically, people tend ________ (make) mistakes when tired.
②I have a tendency ________ (talk) too much when nervous.
③People ____________ (往往需要) less sleep as they get older.
④The doctors and nurses in this hospital _______________ (照顾病人)patiently.
单句语法填空/完成句子
to make
to talk
tend to need
tend (to) patients
The government publishes figures every six months showing how many people are unemployed. 政府每半年公布一次失业人数。
She was only 19 when her first novel was published.
她的第一部小说出版时她年仅19岁。
publish vt. 发表（作品）；出版
retire from... 从……退休
retire as... 从……职位上退休
retire from office/service 退职/退役
Since retiring from the company, she has done voluntary work for a charity.
从公司退休后，她就一直在为一家慈善机构做志愿工作。
He wants to retire as the greatest basketball player who ever lived.
他想有一天退休，成为有史以来最伟大的篮球运动员。
retire vi. & vt.退休；退职；(因伤)退出(比赛等)
词语积累：
retired adj.退休的，退职的
a retired teacher一位退休教师
retirement n．退休，退职
take early retirement提前退休
①He has agreed to struggle on, though he hopes to retire ________ his position.
②They will hold a party in celebration of her _________ (retire).
③The other day a ________ (retire) couple came to my office.
④He retired from the office ________ a chairman.
⑤My father ____________ (从……退休) teaching three years ago.
单句语法填空/完成句子
retired
as
retired from
in principle 原则上；大体上
stick to the principles 坚持原则
In principle, we usually don't allow any discount.
原则上，我们一般是不给折扣的。
A bicycle and a motorcycle are built on the same principle.
自行车和摩托车是根据同样的原理制造的。
principle n．道德原则；法则；原则
be scared of sth. 害怕某物 be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
be scared that... 害怕……
He's scared of spiders.
I'm scared of telling her what really happened.我害怕告诉她事情的真相。
I'm scared to go out at night alone.我害怕晚上一个人出去。
I was scared (= very worried) (that) you might not be there.
我怕你不在那儿
scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
他害怕蜘蛛。
词语积累：
(1)scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 n. 惊吓
It scares sb. to do sth.做某事使某人感到害怕。
scare... away/off吓走/吓跑……
scare sb. into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. to death把某人吓得要死
(2)scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
a scary movie恐怖电影
①When we are getting excited, angry or ________ (scare), our bodies also go through many physical changes.
②The atmosphere was ________ and we felt ________ staying in theroom. (scare)
③He is scared ________ (tell) his parents the result.
④The local farmers used to light a fire_________________(吓跑) the wolves.
⑤She was __________________ (害怕进入) the yard because she was __________________ (害怕被咬) by the big dog lying at the gate.
scared
scary
scared
to scare off/away
to tell
scared to enter
scared of being bitten
a sharp drop in the prices 价格________
a sharp knife 一把_____刀
a sharp contrast _______对比
sharp eyes ______视力
sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
暴跌
锋利的
鲜明的
明锐的
an sharp increase
归纳拓展：
a sharp tongue说话刻薄
be sharp with对……说话刻薄
a sharp sense of humour很强的幽默感
a sudden sharp pain突然的剧痛

词语积累：
(1)sharply adv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地
fall sharply急剧下降
(2)sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利
①Unfortunately, I cut my foot on a sharp stone and caught my hair on a branch. _________
②As we all know, an eagle has sharp eyesight. _________
③Suddenly, he felt a sharp pain in the stomach. _________
④He was sharp ________ his colleagues when they were late.
⑤The price of petrol has risen ________ (sharp) since last month.
⑥The pencil doesn't write well; I should ________ (sharp) it before I draw the great figure.
即学即练　写出下列句中sharp的含义/单句语法填空
尖的
an energetic boy 一个精力充沛的男孩
词语积累：
energy n．活力，精力；能源，能量
be full of energy精力充沛
have the energy to do sth.有精力做某事
energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
You are always ____________________ (精力充沛的). Can you tell me the secret
energetic / full of energy
replace A with/by B 用B代替A
The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.
这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。
Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation's main industry.
旅游业取代了农业成为这个国家的主要产业。
replace vt.接替；取代；更换
You can use cheese in place of/instead of butter in some recipes.
关于“replace”的总结：
代替
replace
take the place of
in place of
instead of
在一些菜谱里你可以用芝士来替代黄油
①He replaced the pudding ________ mashed potatoes.
②It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should ________ (replace) with a modern hotel or not.
③ There is something wrong with my bike, so I decide to replace it with a new one.
→There is something wrong with my bike, so I decide to use a new one _________ it.
即学即练　单句语法填空/同义句转换
be replaced
in place of
高频词块
a car /road accident 车祸/交通事故
by accident 偶然地；意外地
accidental adj. 偶然的；意外的
I deleted the file by accident. （口头翻译）
accident n. 事故；车祸；失事
我不小心删除了这个文件。
常用词块：
do/perform an operation (on sb.) (给某人)做手术
in operation 工作中；有效
put sth. into operation 实施
词语积累：
operate vi.运转；动手术 vt.操作
operator n．操作员，经营者
operation n．手术；企业；经营
①The nurse tended the boy so carefully that he recovered from his heart ________ (operate) soon.
②The new rules will be ________ operation soon.
③To our great joy, the new machine is really easy ________ (operate).
④With the help of his teammate, the ________ (operate) responded immediately to the event.
⑤The doctor decided to ____________________________(给……做手术)the patient at once.
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
whisper vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语　n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper about sth. 密谈某事
whisper sth.in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
People are whispering that…=
It is whispered that... 有人私下说……
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助/援助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
The driver assisted the old man off the bus.司机帮助那位老人下公共汽车。
He assisted me in the preparation of this book.他协助我撰写此书。
I am most grateful to my husband, who assisted me in preparing this book.
我非常感谢我的丈夫，他曾协助我撰写此书。
He assisted the old man to fill in the forms.他帮助老人填写表格。
assist vt.帮助；援助
词语积累：
(1) assistance n．帮助，援助，支持
come to one's assistance前来援助
(2) assistant n．助手，助理
a senior assistant高级助理
a personal assistant私人助理
a shop assistant店员
bite vt.&vi. 咬；叮；蛰 n. 咬；（咬下的）一口；咬伤 （bit, bitten）
He bites his fingernails. 他咬指甲。
An insect bit me on the arm.
一只小虫子叮了我的胳膊。
高频词块
in memory of 作为对……的纪念
have a good/bad memory (for) 记忆力好/差
memory loss 失忆
He founded the charity in memory of his late wife.
他兴办那个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子。
He has a bad memory for dates.他对日期的记忆力很差。
memory n．记忆力；回忆
①She has _____ excellent memory for names, which helps her a lot in her commercial work.
②Huang Jiaju made up a song Glorious Years ________ memory of Nelson Mandela.
③The library was built ____________ (为了纪念) those who carried our country through the hardship.
即学即练　单句语法填空/完成句子
an
in
in memory of
高频词块
tears of regret/happiness/joy/laughter
惋惜／高兴／喜悦／欢笑的泪水
burst into tears 突然哭了起来
in tears = 流着泪；含着泪
I found him in tears in his bedroom.
我发现他在卧室里哭
tear n. 眼泪；泪水 v. 撕掉 /te r/
高频词块:
be of great harm 危害极大的
do harm to sb./sth. （=do sb./sth. harm）对某人/某物有害
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm in (one’s) doing sth. = There is no harm (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）做某事无妨/无害
词语积累：
harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to … 对……有害
harmless adj. 无害的 be harmless to… 对……无害
harm n.& vt. 伤害；损害
Try to choose products that do the least harm _____ the environment.
Staying up too often will be _____great harm to people’s health.
There is no harm _____ eating more fish, which is beneficial to our health.
Most children are fond of sweets but they may be _______ (harm) to their teeth.
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子
to
of
in
harmful
carry him through the hardships 帮助他渡过难关
有关“carry”的高频搭配：
carry out 实施；履行；执行
carry on 继续；参与
Her encouragement and support helped carry me through.
她的鼓励和支持帮助我渡过了难关。
Our soldiers carried out a successful attack last night.
我们的战士昨晚发动了一次成功的袭击。
carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关
He gave up the attempt in despair .
他在绝望中放弃了这种尝试。
in despair 处于绝望中
pass away 去世
(1)a great deal of＋n.[U]大量的……
(2)a great deal大量，非常
He had given this question a great deal of thought.他对这个问题做过许多思考。
We‘ve known a great deal（=much） about the incident.关于那件事我们知道很多。
a great deal (of) 大量 修饰不可数名词
根据后接可数还是不可数的量词总结分类
many，many a，several （几个），a couple of（几个，两三个），(a) few（一些），a great/good many, a good/great/large number of +可数名词
much，(a) little，a large amount of, amounts of, a great deal of +不可数名词
a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of(谓语用复数)，plenty of +可数/不可数