课件218张PPT。Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading速效提能演练预习多维感知 Section Ⅰ重点难点探究预习多维感知?Step One：Fast Reading
Read the essay about appreciating literature and choose the best answer.
1．What’s the author’s attitude towards classic novels? ( )
A．They are boring.
B．They are out of date.
C．They are still received.
D．They are disappearing.C2．Why are so many classic novels adapted into films? ( )
A．Because they are hard to understand.
B．Because nowadays few people like to read them.CC．Because the life today has something in common with that in them.
D．Because the films appeal to the audience.
3．What was usually used to add interest, tension or deeper meaning to the novel? ( )
A．A symbol.
B．A mysterious setting.
C．A complicated plot.
D．Two clues.
A4．When did Pip start a new life? ( )
A．At the age of 18.
B．When he moved to London.
C．When he met Estella.
D．When he became a real gentleman.B5．What does Great Expectations tell us?
( )
A．Money is as precious as friendship.
B．Money can’t buy anything but friendship and education.
CC．Money is less important than friendship.
D．A person can’t live without money，friendship and education.
?Step Two：Listening
Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.
1．Why don’t many people like classics?
__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________Because they think they are old and boring and have nothing to do with life today.2．What is written on Charles Dicken’s tomb?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________On his gravestone it reads，“By his death，one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.”3．What does Pip learn by the end of the novel?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.?Step Three：Careful Reading
Read the text and fill in the blanks.
ClassicWorksClassicreceivedwisdomdustClassicthatAdaptedPlotshortcomingseducation?Step Four：Summary
1．________is classic literature？Classics are the 2.____________of the literary world.They are novels，plays and poems that were 3.____________a long time ago and were soWhatantiqueswritten4.________written that people still read them nowadays.They are examples of great writing and 5.____________，and even those written centuries 6.________can still be found in bookshops and libraries today.
wellwisdomago7．____________a lot of classics were written so long ago，the language used in them is quite 8.____________ from the language used today.This makes them difficult for some people to read，and often，the classics are left to gather dust 9._______ shelves. BecausedifferentonMany people 10.____________read them，because they think they are 11.________ and 12._________and have nothing to do with life today.
do notoldboring?Step Five：Discussion
Have a discussion with your partner about Great Expectations and trying to read more Classic Literature.
__________________________________________________________________
重点难点探究1Three years later，in 1998，a modern adaptation of Charles Dickens’s novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas.
三年后的1998年，狄更斯的小说《远大前程》的现代版电影出现在各大影院。品味经典
①This TV series is an adaptation of Wang Shuo’s novel.
这是由王朔的小说改编的电视连续剧。
②My adaptation to England took me a month.
适应英国的生活花了我一个月的时间。③He was an adaptable man and soon could understand what the Englishmen said.
他是一个适应能力极强的人，很快就能听懂英国人说的话了。
自我探究
adapt vt. 使适应；改编；vi. 适应；
adaptable adj. 适应性强的；
adaptation [C] n. 改编(本)，改写(本)；[U]适应，改造。易混辨析
adapt，adjust
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)Distance learning is being ________ in several countries to help children in remote rural schools obtain higher education.
A．attended B．adopted
C．adapted D．admitted解析：选B。前半句句意：“远程教育在一些边远的地区被采用……。”attend “出席，照料”；adapt“使适应”；admit“承认，录用”，显然此三项不合句意。只有adopt“采纳”，与句意吻合。
完成句子
(2)你应该适应新环境。
You should _______________________ the new environment.
(3)别担心他，他适应能力很强。
Don’t worry about him.He is __________________.
adapt yourself to very adaptable(4)这部电影是根据一个古老的传说改编的。
This film is ________________ an ancient legend.adapted from(5)你读过《红楼梦》的最新改编本吗？
Have you read the ____________________ Dream of the Red Chamber?
latest adaptation of2In 1995，an award-winning film based on Jane Austen’s novel Emma came out.
1995年，一部根据简·奥斯丁的小说《爱玛》改编的获奖影片问世。
品味经典
①The film is based on a novel by Sinclair Lewis.
该影片是根据辛克莱·刘易斯的小说改编的。
②This news report is based entirely on facts.这篇新闻报道是完全根据实际情况写成的。
自我探究
base n．&v. 基础，根据地；以……为基础。
用作名词时，常接介词of；用作动词时常接介词on/upon。
归纳拓展易混辨析
base，basis，foundation
牛刀小试
(1)The ________ of your building must be strong enough so that the earthquake won’t destroy it.
A．base B．roof
C．basis D．top解析：选A。要想房子不被地震毁坏就必须是房子的地基牢固，而不是屋顶，故可排除B和D两项。表示具体的底座或地基，用base。
(2)The film ________ my novel was well received last year.
A．basing on
B．relied on
C．depended on
D．based on
解析：选D。首先可排除B、C两项，因为rely on 和 depend on 表示“依靠、依赖”，含义与题意不符。A项动词形式错误，film 应是base 的逻辑宾语，须用过去分词。
3Great Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.
《远大前程》是以19世纪早期的英国为背景的。
品味经典
①The novel is set in 18th century Paris.
这本小说是以18世纪的巴黎为背景的。
②He set about his homework after supper.
晚饭后，他开始做作业。③I have set aside some money for the journey.
我为这趟旅行存了一些钱。
④A new government was set up after the Civil War.
新政府在内战后成立了。
自我探究
set v. 放置，设定。其原形和过去分词都是set。
be set in 意为“以……为背景”。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ________ his own work and translated it into German.
A．gave off B．turned down
C．took over D．set aside解析：选D。give off 发出(光、热等)；turn down 调低，拒绝；take over 掌管，负责；set aside 把……放在一边。由句意可知D项正确。
(2)The series of TV play ________ a mountainous village in Hubei.
A．is caught in
B．is set in
C．is lost in
D．is based in
解析：选B。句意：“这部电视连续剧是以湖北的一个小山村为背景的。” be caught in 撞上，碰上；be lost in 陷入；be based in 以……为据点；be set in 以……为背景。
4Pip’s sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何伤害。(1)simple
品味经典
①She’s so simple that she’ll believe anything you tell her.
她十分单纯，你跟她说什么她都会相信。②My two sisters are both simple office workers.
我两个妹妹都是普通的公司职员。
③Such a toy is simple to make.
这种玩具做起来很简单。
自我探究
simple adj. 意为“善良的；单纯的；普通的；简单的”。
归纳拓展
simply adv.
simply 是 simple 的副词形式，意思是“简单地；简易地；简朴地；朴素地；仅仅”，还有“确实，简直”之意。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)你把事情看得太简单了。
“You see things ________________.” she said.too simply(2)玛丽总是穿着朴素，不戴珠宝。
Mary was always ________________ with no jewelry on.
(3)他是一个纯朴可爱的人。
He is ________________ and well-liked man.
dressed simply a simple(2)would rather
品味经典
①I’d rather stay at home than go out alone.
我宁可待在家里，也不愿独自外出。
②She would rather die than surrender.
她宁死也不投降。
自我探究
would rather ＋动词不定式(省略 to )，相当于prefer to do sth.，表示“宁愿做……”，用于否定句，一般在rather 之后加 not。would rather...than...表示“宁愿……而不愿……”。
易混辨析
rather than，other than，or rather
牛刀小试
单项填空
(4)—I ________ live in a big city.What about you?
—________.A．wouldn’t rather；So do I
B．wouldn’t rather；Nor do I
C．would rather not; So do I
D．would rather not; Nor do I解析：选D。在否定陈述句中，not 要放在 would rather 之后，但若是疑问句中，not 则可放在 would 之后。第二句表示的是：“我也不愿住在大城市里”，要用 nor 或 neither 而不用 so 进行简略回答。
(5)He borrowed money from me again.I would rather I ________ him.
A．had met
B．shouldn’t have met
C．hadn’t met
D．would have met
解析：选C。句意：“他又向我借钱了，我宁愿没有遇见过他。”很显然，从句中的谓语用肯定意义就错了，故排除A、D两项。在 would rather 后的 that 从句中要用过去完成时表示对过去的假设。
(6)It was owing to luck ________judgment ________the driver succeeded in avoiding an accident.
A．better than；when
B．rather than；that
C．other than；when
D．more than；which解析：选B。句意：“那个司机成功地避开了一起事故是由于幸运而不是判断。”该句的结构是强调句型，而 rather than 表示“而不是”。
(3)harm
品味经典
①Her film was a complete failure，and this did her reputation a lot of harm.
她这部电影是彻底的失败了，使她的名声受到很大的损害。②The drought did a lot of harm to the crops.
这场干旱给庄稼带来了许多危害。
③Don’t upset yourself—no harm has been done.
不要难过——并没有造成伤害。
自我探究
harm n. 损害，伤害；v.使受到伤害，损害；
harmful adj. 对……有害的；harmless 无害的，不致伤的。
归纳拓展
do harm to sb./sth.＝harm sb./sth. 伤害某人/某物
harm sb./do harm to sb./do sb.harm/be harmful to sb.伤害某人；对……有害易混辨析
harm，hurt，injure，wound，damage
牛刀小试
(7)(2011年江苏模考)My chest ________ when I make a deep breath，doctor.
A．harms B．wounds
C．hurts D．injures解析：选C。harm 损害，伤害；wound 多指用武器伤害身体某部位；hurt 疼，痛；injure 多指意外事故对人造成伤害或损害。C项切题。
(8)Mike didn’t play football yesterday because he had ________ his leg.
A．damaged B．hurt
C．hit D．struck
解析：选B。hurt 指伤害身体某部位，符合句意。damage 表示“损坏”，hit 和 strike 表示“打，击打”。
(9)You’ll ________ your chances of the job if you wear that shirt to the interview!
A．injure B．damage
C．harm D．ruin
解析：选B。damage 多指无生命物体的“损坏，破害”。
5 There is a twist in the plot when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.
当一位非常慷慨的陌生人赠予了皮普一大笔财富的时候，故事情节发生了转折。
(1)generous
品味经典
①Your uncle is very generous to pay you tuition to learn driving.
你叔叔真慷慨，为你付学车的学费。②He is generous with his money.
他花钱大方。
③It was very generous of you，I think，to forgive what she has done to you.
我认为你真宽宏大量，原谅她对你做过的事情。
自我探究
generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的，宽宏大量的；
generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地；
generosity n. 慷慨。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)My mother is ________with her money but in fact she has little money.
A．generous B．serious
C．careful D．diligent解析：选A。句意：“我妈在钱上很大方，但事实上，她几乎没钱。” generous 大方的；serious 严格的；careful 小心的；diligent 勤勉的。
(2)fortune
品味经典
①He came into a large fortune when his rich uncle died.
有钱的叔父死后，他继承了一大笔财产。②By a stroke of fortune，he won the competition.
他靠运气在竞赛中获胜了。
③That old Gipsy woman tells fortunes.
那个吉卜赛老妇人替人算命。
自我探究
fortune n. “运气，命运，幸运”；为不可数名词时，意为“财富，财产”；为可数名词时，意为“前途，命运”。fortunately adv. 幸运地；unfortunately 不幸地。
归纳拓展易混辨析
fortunate，lucky
牛刀小试
(2)What ________！He’s found ________ job in Beijing.
A．a good fortune；such a good
B．a good fortune；so a good
C．good fortune；such good a
D．good fortune；so good a
解析：选D。fortune 表示“运气”时为不可数名词，故可排除A、B两项。such 修饰单数名词，结构应是such a good job，而 so 则是 so good a job。(3)In the old days，many Chinese on the southeastern coast went abroad to________their fortune.
A．seek B．look
C．get D．push
解析：选A。句意：“旧社会，许多东南沿海的中国人去国外谋生。” seek one’s fortune 为固定短语。
(4)________，people are beginning to realize how serious the situation is.
A．Fortunate
B．Fortunately
C．Being fortunate
D．Being fortunately解析：选B。本题考查 fortunately 的用法。句意：“幸运的是，人们开始意识到了情况的严重性。” 副词作状语，修饰整个句子，相当于It is fortunate that...结构。
6He has rigid ideas of what it means to be civil and to be a gentleman，and is embarrassed by Joe because he does not fit these.
他对什么是文明和绅士有着刻板的观念，而乔让他尴尬，因为乔与这些观念格格不入。
(1)rigid
品味经典
①It’s an exercise which adds a touch of the comic opera to his rigid training routines.
这一练习给他那刻板的训练程序平添了一份滑稽的色彩。②A rigid diet will make you slimmer.
严格节食会使你身材苗条。
③We just need a tent supported on a rigid framework.
我们正需要一座有坚硬架子支撑的帐蓬。
自我探究
rigid adj. 死板的；严格的。另外还有“坚硬的；坚固的；不易弯曲的”意思。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)He is very ________ in his ideas and you can’t change him easily.
A．sensible B．knowable
C．flexible D．rigid解析：选D。句意：“他是一个固执己见的人，你很难改变他。”只有rigid “死板的，固执的”符合题意。
完成句子
(2)贝蒂发现很难遵守学校死板的规定。
Betty finds it hard to keep to the school’s ________________.
rigid rules(3)他是个原则性很强的人。
He is a man of very ________________.
rigid principle(2)fit
品味经典
①The water is not fit to drink.
这水不适合饮用。
②He is fitter/more fit for the position than anyone else.他比其他任何人更适合这个职位。
③The coat doesn’t fit me.
这件外套不合我的身。
自我探究
fit adj. 适合的；健康的 v. 合身；适合；装配。
归纳拓展
④He is (not) fit for the work.
他(不)适合做这个工作。⑤We always fit our deeds to our words.
我们向来说话算话。
⑥We fitted a new lock on the front door.
我们在正门上安装了一个新锁。
易混辨析
fit，suit，match，healthy
牛刀小试
单项填空
(4)He’s been ill and isn’t ________ enough for work yet.
A．suit B．match
C．fit D．health解析：选C。句意：“他一直病着，还不能上班。”显然此空含义应为“健康的”，且为形容词，而A项和B项不仅词义不符合，而且词性也不相符，可排除。D项为名词。
(5)This dress was so beautiful，and I tried it on but it didn’t ________.
A．fit B．suit
C．match D．work
解析：选A。句意：“这件礼服很美，我试穿了一下，但不合身。” fit指(大小)合身；suit 指(款式、颜色)适合；match则指(款式)相配。
(6)Your car doesn’t sound ________，and you’d better have it examined.
A．fit B．healthy
C．well D．suitable解析：选B。本题考查词语辨析。句意：“你的车的声音听起来好像不正常，你最好把它检查一下。”在这四个选项中，A项指身体的健康；C项也是指身体健康的状态；D项意为“合适的”；而B项既可表示身体的健康，又可表示“顺畅的”。
(7)Her shoes ________ her dress；they look very well together.
A．suit
B．fit
C．compare
D．match
解析：选D。句意：“她的鞋子和衣服很搭配，两者搭配看起来很不错。” suit 指时间、口味等合乎需要；fit 指大小、尺寸等合适；compare 比较，对照；match 指颜色、款式等的搭配。
7Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella’s love.
皮普一心要成为一名绅士，赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。
品味经典
①Their actions show clearly that they are bent on destroying his career.
他们的行为很清楚的显示出他们决心要毁掉他的事业。
②She is bent on becoming a film star when she grows up.
她一心想长大后成为影星。
自我探究
bend v. 弯曲；弯腰；屈膝 n. 转弯；弯。过去分词是bent；
be bent on sth./on doing sth.意为“决心采取(某行动)；专心致志于(做)某事”。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)The hero in the film was bent ________seeking fortune at first，and then he turned to saving the poor in a village.
A．in B．on
C．to D．at
解析：选B。句意：“电影里面的主人公开始时一心想要追求钱财，后来他开始转向救济一个村庄里的穷人。” be bent on 是固定搭配，表示“一心想要，决心要”。完成句子
(2)He was fully ________________(一心扑在)the project.
(3)The tall man ________________(弯身)get through the doorway.
bent onbent down to8He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.
他认识到财富买不到幸福，朋友比华而不实的教育更重要。
(1)wealth
品味经典
①The dictionary gives a wealth of phrases and sentences to illustrate meanings.
这本词典提供了大量说明字义的短语和句子。②The greatest wealth is being content with a little.
最大的财富就是知足常乐。
自我探究
wealth n. 财产；财富(不可数名词)。作“丰富、大量”讲时，主要用在词组“a wealth of”中。wealthy adj.富有的；wealthily adv. 丰富地。
易混辨析
riches，wealth
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)他给了我一本很多插图的书。
He gave me a book with ____________________ pictures.a wealth of单项填空
(2)The discovery of gold can bring great ________to our country.
A．property B．rich
C．wealth D．sum
解析：选C。句意：“黄金的发现给我们的国家带来巨大财富。” wealth 意为“财富，财产”；property 意为“财产，不动产”；rich 是形容词，不适合本句；sum 意为“金额；一笔钱”。
(3)Modern technology and science have produced a ________ of new materials and new ways of using old materials.
A．wealth B．will
C．reward D．riches
解析：选A。句意：“现代科学技术为我们提供了大量新材料和使用旧材料的新方法。” a wealth of 意为“大量的，丰富的”，等于a lot of；will 意为“意志，意志力”；reward 意为“报酬，奖赏，酬谢”；riches 意为“财富”。
(2)fancy
品味经典
①The dress is too fancy for me.
这件裙子对我来说太花哨了。
②The store sells fancy fresh fruits.
这家商店出售高档新鲜水果。③Children usually have lively fancy.
儿童往往有丰富的想象力。
④Can you fancy yourself on the moon?
你能想象自己在月球上是怎样一种情景吗？
自我探究
fancy adj. 华而不实的，花哨的；高档的。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(4)They are too ________for me；I prefer the plain ones.
A．ordinary B．fancy
C．imaginary D．common
解析：选B。句意：“他们对我来说太花哨了，我喜欢朴素的。” fancy 花哨的；高档的；ordinary 普通的；imaginary 想象的；common 常见的。
(5)I’m free today.I ________calling on John，for we haven’t seen each other for 10 years.A．fancy B．beg
C．expect D．attempt
解析：选A。句意：“我今天有空，想去看看约翰，因为我们已经十年没见了。” fancy doing sth.想要做某事。
完成句子
(6)我突然喜欢上侦探小说。
I’ve suddenly __________________________ detective stories.taken a fancy to(7)她自以为是严肃的演员。
She _____________________a serious actress.
fancies herself as9Does Joe forgive Pip?
乔原谅皮普了吗？
品味经典
①You should forgive him for his forgetfulness；after all，he is over seventy.你应该原谅他的健忘症，毕竟他已经七十多岁了。
②I’m surprised that he should agree to forgive you the debt unconditionally.
使我感到惊讶的是，他会无条件同意豁免你的债务。
自我探究
forgive v. 原谅；宽恕；
forgive sb.for sth. 原谅某人做了某事；
forgive sb.sth.原谅某人某事。
易混辨析
forgive，excuse，pardon
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我绝不会宽恕你昨晚对我所说的话。
I’ll never ________you________ what you said to me last night.
(2)母亲临终前我未去看她，为这件事我永远不会原谅我自己。forforgiveI cannot __________________________not seeing my mother before she died.
(3)他宽恕了我们那些朋友的过失。
He ________our friends their faults.
forgive myself for forgave10If you were asked to recommend a book to a friend，what book would you choose?
如果朋友要你推荐一本书，你会选择什么书？品味经典
①Can you recommend me some new books on the subject?
你能推荐一些有关这个学科的新书给我吗？
②The doctor recommended the patient to take his advice.
医生劝病人接受他的忠告。
③The doctor recommended that I (should) stay in hospital for a few more days.
医生建议我在医院再多住几天。
自我探究
recommend vt. 推荐。此处用法为recommend＋n./pron.(直宾)＋to＋n./pron.(间宾)，意为“向……推荐……”。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)(2010年高考福建卷)Teachers recommend parents ________their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A．not allow
B．do not allow
C．mustn’t allow
D．couldn’t allow解析：选A。句意：“出于安全的考虑，老师建议父母不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车去学校。” recommend(建议)后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为“should＋动词原形”，should 可省去。
(2)The doctor recommended that you ________swim after eating a large meal.
A．wouldn’t B．couldn’t
C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
解析：选D。句意：“医生建议饱餐之后不要游泳。” recommend(建议)后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)＋do”。
11They are novels，plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written that people still read them nowadays.
它们是很久以前创作的小说、戏剧和诗歌，写得很好，至今人们仍然在阅读这些作品。品味经典
①He ran so quickly that I couldn’t catch up with him.
他跑得这么快以至于我追不上他。
②He is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.
他是一位好医生，大家都爱戴并尊敬他。
自我探究
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”；so 的后面可用形容词或副词，引导结果状语从句。
易混辨析
so...that...，such...that...
两者意思相同，但在句型结构上稍有不同
在so/such...that结构中，so/such位于句首时主句要倒装。牛刀小试
(1)So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A．did the attack
B．the attack did
C．was the attack
D．the attack was解析：选C。句意：“袭击如此突然，敌人没有时间逃走。”在so/such...that...结构中，若so/such...置于句首，主句要倒装，又因sudden是形容词，所以选C。
(2)He has ________ little education that he finds it impossible for him to be equal to________ important a task.
A．so；such
B．such；so
C．so；so
D．such；such
解析：选C。当little表数量的时候，so little 为固定搭配。第二空为形容词，也应用so来修饰。
12This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
对有些人来说，读它们是困难的，所以它们经常被搁置在书架上积满了灰尘。
品味经典
①Make people happy，and your products will be a success.
只要用户满意，产品就会成功。
②We make it a practice to have dinner together every Saturday.
我们形成一个惯例：每周六共进晚餐。③The teacher made him do the cleaning for a week as a punishment.
老师罚他打扫卫生一周。
自我探究
“make＋n./pron.＋adj.”复合结构句型，形容词在此结构中作宾语补足语。
归纳拓展
make复合结构句型为：make＋宾语＋名词
形容词
介词短语
过去分词
省略to的不定式点津：“make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式”变为被动语态时，to不能省略。
牛刀小试
(1)My parents have always made me ________about myself，even when I was twelve.
A．feeling well
B．feeling good
C．feel well
D．feel good解析：选D。make sb.do sth.让某人做某事，故用动词原形feel作宾补；feel作系动词，后跟形容词作表语；well用作形容词时，意为“身体健康的”，不合题意。
(2)It is ________to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people ________after they are ill.
A．good；good B．well；better
C．better；better D．better；good解析：选C。本句中暗含比较：把钱用于预防疾病和治病，哪一种方式更好？因此前一空用better；第二空使用了“make＋宾语＋形容词(作宾补)”结构。
13Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London.
当乔来伦敦看他时，皮普并不高兴。
品味经典
①I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.当我不得不用法语打电话时，我感到很讨厌。
②I can’t stand it when people talk with their mouth full.
我无法忍受别人说话的时候满嘴食物。
③I will appreciate it if you can help me.
如果您能帮忙，我将不胜感激。
自我探究
it经常放在表示喜欢、厌恶的动词如love，like，appreciate，hate，dislike，enjoy，see to 之后作形式宾语，再加if/that/wh-从句作真正的宾语。
牛刀小试
(1)I’d appreciate ________if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A．that B．it
C．this D．you解析：选B。句意：“如果你愿意教我如何用电脑我将不胜感激。”表示喜欢、恨等表示心理方面的动词如love，like，appreciate，hate等后加上it作形式宾语，再加if/wh-从句作真正宾语。
(2)(2012年湖南模考)I hate ________when the weather in Changsha becomes freezing cold because there is no heater inside.
A．this B．that
C．it D．so
解析：选C。句意：“我讨厌长沙天气很冷的时间，因为室内没有取暖器。” it作形式宾语，when引导的从句为真正的宾语。
译文助读
Appreciating Literature
What is classic literature？Classics are the antiques of the literary world.They are novels，plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written that people still read themnowadays.They are examples of great writing and wisdom，and even those written centuries ago can still be found in bookshops and libraries today.
Because a lot of classics were written so long ago，their languagecharacteristics are quite different from those of modern works.This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.Many people do not read them，because they think classics are old and boring and have nothing to do with life today.
However，if this is true，why do we still find these classics in bookshops and libraries？They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world.Why else would many films adapted from them be successful？In 1995，an award-winning film based on Jane Austen’s novel Emma came out.Three years later，in 1998，a modern adaptation of Charles Dickens’s novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas.
Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if they had nothing to do with contemporary life.
Charles Dickens：England’s greatest writer
The novelist Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth，England in 1812.Oliver Twist，David Copperfield and Great Expectations are probably his best-known works. He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers，and some were later performed on stage.For people at that time，his stories were like the soap operas we see on TV today.He died in 1870.His tomb reads，‘By his death，one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.’
Great Expectations
Great Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.The author uses Pip, the main character, to tell the story.Having lost his parents, Pip lives with his older sister and her husband Joe.Pip’s sister often abuses him, butJoe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.
Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a foggy cemetery when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him. Mist is a symbol of danger in Great Expectations.Classic novels often have symbols which add interest, tension or deeper meaning to the text.Readers may not be able to see the danger, so they need a symbol like the mist to make it clearer to them.
There is a twist in the plot when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.As a condition for receiving this fortune, Pip must move to London and begin the life of a gentleman.Pip is eager to begin his new life. Money and education, however, change him, and before long he becomes vain and ashamed of his background.Pip dislikes it when Joe comes to visit him in London.He has rigid ideas of what it means to be civil and to be a gentleman, and isembarrassed by Joe because he does not fit these.
Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella’s love.Estella is a beautiful girl, and for Pip she is a symbol of education and money.What it really means to be a gentleman is an
important theme in Great Expectations.Is a person with a lot of money a gentleman? Or, is a gentleman somebody who is kind and good to his friends?
By the end of the novel, Pip has changed a lot.He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.This change in Pip is called character development, which is an important part of almost any novel. Does Joe forgive Pip? Does Pip get the girl of his dreams? Will Pip ever find out the identity of the person who gave him the money? You will just have to read the book yourself to find out.
文学欣赏
什么是经典文学？经典文学作品是文学世界里的古董。它们是很久以前创作的小说、戏剧和诗歌。这些作品写得如此之好以至于今天人们仍然在阅读它们。经典文学是杰出的创作及智慧的典范，即使是几世纪前写的那些作品，现在依然可以在书店和图书馆里找到。
因为许多经典文学作品创作如此久远，所以它们的语言特色与现代文学作品的语言特色有相当大的区别。这让一些人阅读起来有些困难，因此经典文学作品常常被遗忘在书架上，落满灰尘。许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们太古老，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何联系。
但是，如果这种观点是正确的，为什么我们今天仍然可以在书店和图书馆里找到这些经典文学作品呢？它们并没有消失，在当今世界仍占有一席之地。还有，为什么许多根据经典文学作品改编的电影会成功呢？1995年，一部根据简·奥斯丁的小说《爱玛》改编的获奖影片问世。三年后的1998年，根据查尔斯·狄更斯的小说《远大前程》改编的现代版影片在电影院上映。如果这些经典小说与现代生活没有任何关系的话，没人会花费精力将它们改编成电影。
查尔斯·狄更斯：“英国最伟大的作家”
小说家查尔斯·狄更斯1812年出生于英国的朴次茅斯。《雾都孤儿》、《大卫·科波菲尔》、《远大前程》可能是他最广为人知的作品。狄更斯最初将许多小说发表在报纸上，每次刊登一章，有一些作品后来被搬上了舞台。对于那时候的人来说，他的小说就如同我们今天在电视上看到的肥皂剧。狄更斯于1870年去世，他的墓碑上写着：“他的辞世令世界失去了一位最伟大的英国作家。”
《远大前程》
《远大前程》以19世纪初的英格兰为背景。作者用小说的主人公皮普的口吻来讲述整个故事。在他父母去世之后，皮普与姐姐和姐夫乔一起生活。皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。
故事开始时七岁的皮普正在薄雾笼罩的坟场上， 突然一名亡命之徒出现了，使他吓了一大跳。在《远大前程》中雾是危险的象征。经典小说中往往有一些象征， 这些象征为小说增添了趣味、紧张的气氛或者更深层次的含义。读者可能看不到危险， 因此他们需要一个象征，例如雾，使危险更清楚地呈现在他们面前。
当一位非常慷慨的陌生人赠予了皮普一大笔财富的时候，故事情节发生了转折。作为获得这笔财富的一个条件，皮普必须移居伦敦，开始绅士生活。皮普迫不及待地开始了新生活。但是金钱和教育改变了他，不久他变得浅薄，为自己的身世感到羞耻。当乔来伦敦看他时，皮普并不喜欢他来。皮普对文明和绅士的内涵有着刻板的解释，而乔让他尴尬，因为乔不符合这些观念。
皮普一心要成为一名绅士，并赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。埃斯特拉是位漂亮的女孩，对皮普而言，她就是教育和金钱的象征。《远大前程》中一个重要的主题就是：做一名绅士究竟意味着什么？有很多钱的人就是一名绅士吗？或者，那种对朋友很善良、很友好的人才是绅土吗？小说结尾时，皮普变化很大。他认识到财富买不到幸福，朋友比华而不实的教育更重要。皮普的这种转变被称为人物性格的发展，这是几乎任何一部小说中的一个重要部分。乔有没有原谅皮普呢？皮普有没有得到他的梦中女孩呢？皮普有没有查出给他钱的人的身份呢？你还得自己看这部小说找到答案。
课件130张PPT。Section Ⅱ Word power & Grammar and usage速效提能演练重点难点探究 Section Ⅱ语法专题突破重点难点探究
1Literature can be divided into two main categories：fiction and non-fiction.
文学可以分为小说和纪实文学两种。品味经典
①The house was divided into flats.
那座房屋被隔成数套房间。
②They divided the money among themselves.
他们共同分享那笔钱。
③6 divided by 3 is 2.
6除以3等于2.
自我探究
divide vt. 分，分开；divide...into... 把……分成……。
归纳拓展易混辨析
divide，separate
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)As I joined the big crowd in the street，I got________from my friend.
A．separate B．separated
C．lost D．divided解析：选B。separate 侧重指把原来连在一起或靠近的人或物分开。
完成句子
(2)They___________________________________________________________
(将土地分给了农民)． divided the land among the
farmers(3)There was a quarrel about _______________________________(赃物的分配)．
the division of the stolen goods2It often focuses on feelings.
它经常集中在情感方面。
品味经典
①The children’s attention was focused on stage.
孩子们的注意力集中在舞台上。②You can focus your telescope on that distant television tower.
你可以将望远镜聚焦在远处的电视塔上。
③He took out the binoculars and adjusted the focus.
他取出双目望远镜并调整了焦距。
自我探究
focus vt. 使聚焦；使集中n. 焦点；集中点；重点。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)Each exercise ________a different grammar point.
A．does with B．focuses on
C．differs from D．adapts to解析：选B。本题考查词组辨析。句意：“每个练习处理一个不同的语法点。” do with 虽然可表示“处置，对付”，但句中缺少名词作 do 的宾语；differ from 表示“与……不同”；adapt to 表示“适应(新情况)”，与句意不符。focus on 表示“集中”，符合句意。
完成句子
(2)________________________(本章的重点)is the American Revolution.
(3)Public attention at the moment________________(集中在)the gap between rich and poor.The focus of this chapter is focused on(4)The meeting will ___________(重点讨论)strategies for the future.
focus on3Merely because of this，he is thrown out of the workhouse and becomes a servant to a cruel master who abuses him.
仅仅由于这，他被扔出了救济所，成为了一个经常辱骂他的雇主的侍者。
(1)master
品味经典
①We have become the masters of the country.
我们已成为国家的主人。
②He likes to be his own master.他喜欢独立自主。
③He is a master of painting.
他是个绘画大师。
自我探究
master n. 主人，雇主；大师，名家。
归纳拓展④You must learn to master your temper.
你必须学会控制你的脾气。⑤It’s difficult to master nature.
征服自然不容易。
⑥Japanese is difficult to master.
日语不容易学好。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)She was no longer ________of her own future.
A．master B．servant
C．writer D．guide解析：选A。master 主人；servant 仆人,与其搭配的介词是to；writer作家；guide 导游，指导，与其搭配的介词也是to。因而选master 更合句意：她不再是她自己未来的主人，即“她不再掌握着她自己的未来”。
完成句子
(2)If the student is to _________________________(掌握这些结构)，he must practice them.
(3)He tried to order me about it but I told him that_______________________(我的事我做主)．
master these structuresI was my own master(2)abuse
品味经典
①He abused his own son.
他虐待儿子。
②She abused her position as principal by giving jobs to her friends.
她滥用自己作为校长的权力，把工作安排给她的朋友们。
自我探究
abuse v．&n. 滥用，虐待，辱骂。
归纳拓展
(1)作动词时为及物动词，表示“滥用；虐待，伤害；辱骂，对(某人)恶语相加,诋毁”。(2)作名词时为不可数名词(用单数形式时表示“滥用”)，其含义为“滥用，妄用；虐待；辱骂”。
③He abused alcohol.他酗酒。
④What she did was an abuse of her position as manager.
她的所作所为是滥用经理职权。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(4)He ________my confidence by stealing my money.
A．froze B．reduced
C．avoided D．abused解析：选D。从短语by stealing my money 可以看出，他辜负了“我”对他的信任。freeze 表示“冻结，惊呆”；reduce 表示“减少”；avoid 表示“躲避，防止”。abuse 表示“滥用”，在此句中也就是把“我”的信任没当做一回事的意思。
(5)It has been revealed that some government leaders________their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.
A．employ B．take
C．abuse D．overlook解析：选C。句意：“据透露，一些政府官员滥用他们的权力和地位为自己非法获利。” abuse“滥用”符合题意。
4He pities Oliver，takes him home，and tries to reform him.
他同情奥利弗，把他带回家并试图改造他。
(1)pity
品味经典
①The little girl is so kind that whenever she sees a beggar she pities them，giving them some coins.
这个小女孩如此善良以至于她每次看到乞丐时，她都同情他们并给他们几个硬币。
②I pity you both from my soul.
我从心底里怜悯你们两人。
自我探究
pity vt. 同情，可怜。另外pity 还可作名词，意思是“怜悯；可惜的事，憾事”。
归纳拓展
(1)表示“可怜，同情”，为不可数名词，常搭配的介词为for。,He was full of pity for the poor.他很同情穷人。,注意：当它与动词have，take连用时，通常接介词on。(2)表示“可怜的事，遗憾的事”时，为可数名词。通常用于It’s a pity...或What a pity...这样的结构。
(3)It is a pity that...句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的结构是 should＋动词原形，should可省略，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义，则不用虚拟语气。
③They took/had pity on him and gave him some food.
他们同情他，给了他一些食物。
④It’s a pity (that) he can’t swim.真遗憾，他不会游泳。
⑤What a pity you can’t come to the party.你不能来参加聚会，真是遗憾。
⑥It was a pity that you should be so careless.
很遗憾你竟然这么粗心。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)—Lucy can’t come for dinner；she is leaving for Beijing tonight.
—________I hope I can talk to her soon.A．I think so.
B．No，she needn’t.
C．Yes，she should.
D．What a pity!
解析：选D。根据句意：——露西不能来吃饭了，她今晚去北京。——真遗憾！我希望我可以尽快与她见面交谈。只有D项符合题意。
(2)The rich man，full of pity________the poor，gave________most of his money to charity.
A．for；away B．of；out
C．to；up D．for；in
解析：选A。考查词语的搭配。表示“对某人的同情”，与pity搭配的介词是for；“把……捐献给……”要用give sth.away。
完成句子
(3)________________(很遗憾)he didn’t finish college.
(4)________________(多么遗憾)that you can’t come with us!
It’s a pity thatWhat a pity(2)reform
品味经典
①It’s relatively easy to reform those criminals who are willing to reform themselves.
改造那些愿意改过自新的犯人相对容易些。②Without the reform and opening-up policy，we couldn’t have achieved so many goals.
没有改革开放的政策，我们就不能实现那么多的目标。
自我探究
reform vt.&vi.&n. (使)改过自新，改造，改革，改良。
归纳拓展③They tried to reform society.他们尝试要改造社会。
④It’s more important to reform criminals than (to) punish them.
使罪犯能改过自新比处罚他们更为重要。⑤He has completely reformed and is working hard.
他已彻底改过自新，目前正努力工作。
⑥We must make some reforms in education.
我们必须进行教育改革。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(5)She thought she could ________him，so she decided to marry him.
A．reform B．transform
C．exchange D．inform解析：选A。考查词语辨析。reform 表示“使人悔改”；transform 表示“使改变形态”；exchange 表示“交换，交流”；inform 表示“通知，告知”。
翻译句子
(6)那个国家医疗改革的结果是失败的。
______________________________________________________________________
The medical reform in that country turns out to be a failure.(7)在1976年中国开始实行改革开放政策。
__________________________________________________________________
It was in 1976 that China began to adopt the policy of reform and opening-up.5Fagin and his group of criminals find him and drag him back into the life of crime，pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.
如果他拒绝，费金和他的犯罪团伙就以暴力威胁，给他施加压力，迫使他回到犯罪的生活。
(1)pressure
品味经典
①My parents pressured me into studying harder than before in order to be admitted by a better university.
为了被更好的大学录取，我的父母给我施加压力让我比以前还努力学习。②The director felt that he was being pressured to resign.
这位主任感到有压力而被迫辞职。
自我探究
pressure vt. 给……施加压力，迫使。pressure 和介词 into或者 to 连用，后接名词或动名词。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________，some people drink alcohol.
A．temper B．mood
C．consciousness D．pressure解析：选D。pressure 意思是“压力”，lose one’s pressure 表示“缓解某人的压力”，符合语境。其他几项不合语境，A项指“脾气”；B项指“情绪；语气；态度”；C项指“思想，意识”。句意：“城市的生活很艰难，为了缓解压力，一些人就喝起酒来。”
(2)Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers________reduce unemployment________.
A．help；pressure
B．to have helped；pressureC．to help；pressures
D．having helped；pressures
解析：选C。本题考查复杂的句子结构，其实只要找准主干 Schools are expected to hire...，(in order) to help reduce...即可看出用不定式作目的状语。第二空格pressure(压力)单复数都可以。故选C项。
(2)resist
品味经典
①My daughter has a sweet tooth and she can’t resist eating ice cream.
我女儿喜欢吃甜食，她无法抗拒冰淇淋的诱惑。②The rebel army resisted the police.
叛军反抗警察。
③We must resist that provocation and I want all our people briefed to that effect.
我们必须抵制这种挑衅，我要求把这一点对我们所有的人讲清楚。
自我探究
resist 动词，后接名词或动名词作宾语，can’t resist doing sth.意为“无法拒绝，无法抗拒”。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(3)She is overweight，but she can’t ________the temptation to eat more delicious food.
A．forbid B．attract
C．allow D．resist解析：选D。resist 抵抗，抵挡；forbid 禁止；attract 吸引；allow 允许。由句意可知选D。
(4)While shopping，can you resist ________to buy anything that you don’t really need?A．being persuaded B．persuading
C．to be persuaded D．to persuade
解析：选A。考查 resist的用法。 resist 意为“抵制，抵抗”，后跟名词或动名词作宾语，因为you 与 persuade 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此用被动语态。句意：“购物时，你能抵制被说服买那些不需要的东西吗？”
6 They didn’t have enough money to afford a real soccer ball，but Mike had made a ball out of old socks bound together with plastic tape.
他们没有足够的钱买一个真正的足球，但迈克用塑胶裹住旧袜子做了一个足球。
品味经典
①My grandpa is able to make kites out of some pieces of cloth and bamboo.
我爷爷能用一些布和竹子做成风筝。
②Scarlett made a beautiful dress out of some old curtains.斯嘉丽用一些旧窗帘做成了一件漂亮的裙子。
自我探究
make...out of 用……做/制成……。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)According to the literary review，Shakespeare________his characters live through their language in his plays.
A．will make B．had made
C．was making D．makes解析：选D。句意：“根据这篇文学评论所说，莎士比亚通过戏剧中的语言让他的人物角色栩栩如生。”本题考查动词时态，句中引用文学评论，是陈述一个客观事实，因此用一般现在时。故选D。
(2)You have to________a choice.Are you going to leave the job or stay?
A．decide B．get
C．do D．make
解析：选D。短语make a choice 意为“做出选择”。
7I have not read much English literature，but I know that John Keats was an outstanding English poet，and I have read his poem ‘Ode to a Nightingale’．
我没有读过很多英国文学，但是我知道约翰·济慈是一位杰出的英国诗人，并且我还读他的诗“夜莺颂”。品味经典
①He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.
他有足够的钱，可以随便花。
②Think it over and you’ll find a way out.
仔细考虑，你会找到出路的。
自我探究
连词and 可用来连接并列复合句。
归纳拓展
并列句常见连接词牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)他说他要当厨师，而我告诉他我要学当司机。
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________He said that he would work as a cook and I told him that I would learn to be a driver.(2)小的时候他很调皮，但现在他是个谦谦君子。
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________
He was naughty when he was a child but now he is really a gentleman.(3)上个月，他因为生病离校一段时间，所以现在他的功课很差。
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________
He was away from school for some time last month，so he is quite weak in his lessons now.8Oliver does not want to steal from anyone，but in order to survive Oliver is forced to become a criminal.
奥利弗不想做贼，但为了生存，他被迫犯罪。
品味经典
①In order not to be late，she cut across the fields.
为了不迟到，她抄近路穿过田野。
②We started early in order to arrive before dark.
为了在天黑前到达，我们很早就动身了。
自我探究
本句为并列句，在第二个分句中，句首有in order to do sth.作目的状语。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)他并不富有，但为了帮助这些贫困的孩子，他每月都要捐出一定的钱给他们。
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________He is not rich，but in order to help these poor children，he gives away a certain sum of money to them.(2)他很疲劳，但为了提前完成任务，他仍坚持工作。
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________He was tired，but in order to finish the task ahead of time，he kept on working.(3)他出生在农村，但为了更好的生活，他被迫离开妻儿到城里挣钱。
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
He was born in the country，but to live a better life，he is forced to leave his child and wife to seek for a fortune in the city.9Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.
奥利弗被警察抓住并被送到了法院。
品味经典
①The tree got broken in the snow.
这棵树在大雪中折断了。
②Her car got stolen at the weekend.
她的车在周末被偷了。
③In the end his novel got translated into French.
最后他的小说终于被译成法语了。
自我探究
本句中的gets arrested 是“get＋过去分词”结构。该结构中get被用来代替助动词be和过去分词连用，构成被动结构，表示某一事件或事故的发生，着重强调动作。用于以下两种情况：(1)谈论某人或某物的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾料到的偶发事件或事故。
(2)谈论设法或终于做到令人称心的事，此时说话者常含有较强的感彩。
归纳拓展
“get＋过去分词”常见形式：
get hurt 受伤 get paid 得到报酬
get burnt 烧伤 get lost 迷路
get dressed 穿衣服 get drunk 喝醉
get changed 换衣服 get fired 被解雇
牛刀小试
Sarah，hurry up.I’m afraid you can’t have time to ________before the party.
A．get changed
B．get change
C．get changing
D．get to change解析：选A。由hurry up，before the party 等可以判断，说话人是在催促Sarah 赶紧换衣服，“换衣服”可以用get changed 表示。故选A。
语法专题突破品味经典
1．None of my friends smokes.我的朋友都不抽烟。
2．The book is nowhere to be found.那本书哪儿也找不到。
3．Everyone can not do it.＝Not everyone can do it.
不是每个人都能做这件事的。4．He is not absolutely wrong.他并不完全错。
5．Nobody does nothing.人人都要做事。
6．We cannot help admiring his bravery.
我们不能不佩服他的勇敢。7．He is without doubt the cleverest student I’ve ever taught.他确实是我教过的最聪明的学生。
8．He is not displeased with my answer.
他对我的回答感到满意。
自我探究
1．否定的基本类型有：全部否定，部分否定，双重否定
2．英语中常见否定词有：
(1)副词：not(不)，never(从来不，绝不)，hardly/scarcely(几乎不)，seldom(很少)，rarely(很少)，nowhere(没有地方)，neither(也不)
(2)代词：little(没多少)，few(没几个)，none(没有)，nothing(没有物)，no one/nobody(没有人)，neither(两者都不)
(3)形容词：否定形容词多以否定前缀 un-，in-，im-，dis-，ir-，ab-及否定后缀-less构成unable(不能的)，unfit(不合适的)，uncommon(不常见的)，incomplete(不完全的)，inaccurate(不准确的)，incapable(不能的)，impossible(不可能的)，impolite(不礼貌的)，dissatisfactory(不令人满意的)，
irregular(不规则的)，abnormal(不正常的)，helpless(无助的)，hopeless(绝望的)
(4)否定动词：dislike(不喜欢)，disobey(不服从)，displease(使不高兴)
(5)其他否定词：without prep.(没有)，unless conj.(除非)，before prep.&conj.(还没)
(6)含否定意义的短语：free from(没有)，far from(远非)，in no case(任何情况下都不，决不)，at no time(任何时候都不，决不)
讲解归纳
否定句的常见形式和用法
1．常见否定句：否定副词not，seldom，never，hardly，rarely，nowhere等与谓语动词连用。
I can hardly understand what he said just now.我几乎不能理解他刚才所说的话。
注意：这些否定副词用于句首时，主句要使用倒装语序。
Seldom does he go to work late.他很少上班迟到。
Never in my life have I heard such nonsense!
我这辈子从来没有听过这种废话！
2．否定祈使句：由“Don’t或Never＋动词原形”构成。
Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade.
切勿忘恩负义。
Never judge people by their appearance.不可以貌取人。3．全部否定：由“否定主语(否定代词或no＋名词)＋肯定谓语”构成。
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
No man is born wise.人非生而知之。注意：常用“neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词＋主语”来表达“某人也不……”。
If you don’t accept his invitation，neither shall I.
如果你不接受他的邀请，我也不接受。
4．否定转移：常见的否定转移有两种情况。
(1)含有原因状语从句的主从复合句，形式上虽然是否定主句的谓语，然而意义上是否定该原因状语，译为“并不因为……而……”。
The mountain is not valuable because it is high.
山不在高。(2)当主语是第一人称，而且think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时，通常把从句中的not 提前，把主句变成否定句，从句用肯定形式。
We don’t believe that the news is true.
我们相信这个消息不是真的。
注意：把这些发生否定转移的句子变为反意疑问句时，疑问部分应与宾语从句主谓部分构成反意疑问句。
I don’t think that he is honest，is he？我认为他不诚实，是吗？
not常用在I think，I believe，I expect，I suppose，I guess，I’m afraid 之后，构成省略句。
—Do you think it will be a fine day tomorrow?
——你认为明天天气会好吗？
—I’m afraid not.
——恐怕不是。
—Do you believe that Rocket will win the game?
——你相信火箭队会赢吗？
—I believe not.(＝I don’t believe so.)
——我看不会。
5．否定疑问句：常用来表示反问、惊讶、建议、赞叹等语气。
Don’t you know these traffic rules?
难道你不知道这些交通规则吗？
Isn’t it a lovely day？天气多好啊！
注意：在回答否定疑问句时，要根据具体事实作答。—Didn’t you see the film Titanic yesterday?
—________.I would like to have seen it.
A．Yes，I did
B．No，I didn’t
C．Yes，I didn’t
D．No，I did
解析：选B。由于yes 与肯定句连用，no 与否定句连用，首先可排除C、D两项。A、B形式都正确，但从题目语境中最后一句话“我倒希望自己看了那部电影。”可知事实上我昨天没有看电影，故答案选B。如果把题干最后一句话改为“It’s very moving.”，则说明我昨天看过电影，正确答案就应该选A。这种“根据事实作答”在运用中很不容易掌握，大家应该仔细体会其用法。
6．非谓语动词的否定式：通常把 not 或 never 放在非谓语动词 to do，doing 的前面。
I advised him not to smoke but he wouldn’t listen.
我劝他别抽烟，可他不愿意听。Not having received a reply，she wrote him another letter.
由于没有收到他的回信，她又给他写了一封信。
7．双重否定句：由两个否定词搭配构成，表示一个较强的肯定语气。Without air or water，man can not live on the earth.
没有空气和水，人类是无法在地球上生存的。
It’s never too late to learn.
活到老，学到老，
He will not do it for nothing.
他不会无缘无故做这件事。
There is no success without hardships.
不经历风雨，哪有彩虹。
He was nothing if not clever.
他很聪明。(“nothing if not”表示“极其”)8．部分否定：通常由 not 与表示整体意义的词(如：everyone，everything，all，each，always，entirely等)连用来表达。
Everything on the Internet is not reliable.
网络上的东西并非都是可信的。
I’m not always at home on Sundays.
我星期天不一定总在家。
9．含蓄否定：英语中有些句子虽然并不使用否定词，但也能表达否定意思。
That is more than I can do.
我干不了那件事。This is the last thing I would ever want to do.
这是我最不愿意做的事。
It is three years since he was a teacher.他不当教师已经三年时间了。(在“It is ＋时间段＋since...”结构中，从句谓语是延续性动词时表示否定意义)10．否定形式表达肯定意义：英语中有些句子形式否定但却表达肯定意义，对其理解切不可望文生义。
Isn’t this film moving？这部电影难道不感人吗？(否定疑问句常表示肯定意义)
English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不太难学。(双重否定句表示肯定意义)
He is too ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。(too 修饰ready，glad，anxious，eager 等词时相当于very)
You cannot be too careful to do yourhomework.(或者：You can never be careful enough to do your homework.)
做作业你越仔细越好。(或者：无论怎样仔细也不过分。)
He is too careful not to have noticed it.
他那么小心，一定会注意到这一点的。(too...not to do... 表示“太……不会不……”)
There is nothing but sands left after the forest was destroyed.森林被毁之后，只剩下沙地。(nothing but 相当于only)
Jack didn’t understand why his mother was angry with him until she told him everything.直到杰克的母亲把一切和盘托出，他才明白母亲为什么跟他生气。(not...until 表示“直到……才”)
—Mr.Li is a good teacher.
——李老师是个好老师。
—I can’t agree more.
——我完全赞同。(否定词与比较级连用，强调所修饰词的肯定意义)
Why don’t you come and join us in the game？(或者：Why not come and join us in the game？)
你为什么不和我们一起玩游戏呢？(Why don’t you...？或Why not...？表示邀请、建议等肯定意义。)
课件164张PPT。Section Ⅲ Task & Project速效提能演练重点难点探究 Section Ⅲ写作专题突破重点难点探究1The two friends kicked and ran until the sun turned the sky pale orange.
这两位朋友踢着、跑着一直到太阳把天空变成灰橙色。品味经典
①The weather has turned much colder.
天气变得冷多了。
②The heat turned the milk sour.
炎热的天气使牛奶变酸了。
③The leaves were already turning yellow.
叶子已经变黄了。
自我探究
turn 可作及物动词，所用结构是：turn＋n.＋adj.；当turn 用在turn＋adj.结构中时,turn 是连系动词，含义为“变成”。
易混辨析
get，go，turn，come
注意：若是单数名词作turn的表语时，不定冠词a(n)就应省略。
He turned teacher later.后来他成了一位教师。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
(1)She ________16 this month, and she has to find a job to support her family.
A．gets B．becomes
C．turns D．reaches解析：选C。句意：“这个月她满16岁了，不得不找个工作来养家。”在所给四个词中，只有turn 后面接数字可表示“到了……岁”，turn 16 到了16岁。
(2)I thought it was going to rain but it has ________fine.
A．turned out
B．come out
C．brought out
D．put up with解析：选A。句意：“我原以为要下雨，但结果是天放晴了。”turn out 表示“结果是”，其后可接形容词。come out 表示“出来，(花)开，出版”，其后不接形容词；bring out 表示“生产，出版，使显现”，其后也不接形容词；put up with 表示“忍受”，后接名词作其宾语。
(3)I can hardly hear the radio.Would you please________？
A．turn it on
B．turn it down
C．turn it up
D．turn it off
解析：选C。此题考查词组辨析。前一分句表示“我几乎听不到收音机的声音”，下句就应是请求对方把声音开大一点。turn on 打开；turn down 关小；turn up 开大；turn off 关掉。
2Mike’s sneakers were old and muddy，and he had little talent for soccer.
迈克的鞋子很旧，满是泥土，而且他在足球方面没什么天赋。
品味经典
①He is looking for a way to use his talents.
他盼望有机会能一展所长。
②Jenny has a talent for writing.
珍妮有写作天赋。③The company makes good use of its talents in every aspect.
该公司很好地发挥了各种人才的作用。
自我探究
talent n．(＝gift)才能，天赋；人才；
talented adj. 天才的；有才能的；
talentless 无才能的；平庸的。
归纳拓展易混辨析
genius，gift，talent，ability
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ________was seen at its best when he worked with others.A．temper B．appearance
C．talent D．character
解析：选D。句意：“他证明自己是一个真正的绅士，而且他的品质之美在和他人一起工作时展现得淋漓尽致。” character 性格，品质，符合句意。temper 脾气；appearance 外表；talent 才能。
(2)He has the ________to get the job quickly ________.
A．ability；done
B．ability；do
C．ability；to do
D．talent；done
解析：选A。固定短语 have the ability to do sth.意为“有能力做某事”，get sth.done 表示“完成某事”。
用genius，gift，talent或ability填空
(3)Do you have the ________ to speak fluent English?
(4)She has a ___________ for music.
(5)He showed great ________ in language.
(6)Li Bai was a great________.abilitygift/talenttalentgenius3As his sadness turned to anger, he picked up his new soccer ball and kicked it into the air.
当他的悲伤变成了愤怒时，他捡起他的新足球，把它踢向了空中。
品味经典
①Now I just find the park very dirty because I have to pick up the rubbish where I am going to sit.
现在我觉得这个公园很脏，因为要坐下来就必须先捡起垃圾。②Trains pick up and drop off passengers at stations.
火车在车站上下乘客。
③When I was in university in Nanjing，I often used my radio to pick up Special English from VOA.
当我在南京上大学时，我经常用收音机收听《美国之音》的英语特别节目。
自我探究
pick up 意为“拾起，捡起”，还可作“收听；学会”，以及“好转，继续，重新开始”讲。归纳拓展
类似的v.＋up构成的短语还有：
break up 结束；解体；打散；中断；(学校)放假；驱散；分手，关系破裂
build up 逐步建立；增强体质
hold up 延迟，阻碍；搀扶，支撑；举起，抬起make up 构成，占比例；编造，捏造；弥补，补偿；和解；化妆
put up 张贴；建造；举起，抬起；提价；提供
take up 占据(时间或空间)；开始从事
牛刀小试
(1)A notice was ________in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.
A．sent up B．given up
C．set up D．put up解析：选D。句意：“一个通知被张贴出来，以便告知学生们演讲的新时间。”本题考查动词短语辨析。A项“发射”；B项“放弃”；C项“提出，提议；竖起，升起”；D项“张贴”。根据句意选择D项。
(2)—Sorry，I have to________now.It’s time for class.
—OK，I’ll call back later.
A．hang up B．break up
C．give up D．hold up解析：选A。句意：“——对不起，我不得不挂断电话了。上课时间到了。”“——好的，等会儿我再回电话。”A项“挂断(电话)；悬挂，挂起”；B项“解散；中断；(学校)放假；关系破裂”；C项“放弃”；D项“延迟，阻碍；搀扶，支撑；举起，抬起”。根据句意选择A项。
(3)Under good treatment，many patients are beginning to________ and will soon recover.
A．pick up B．pick out
C．turn up D．show up
解析：选A。考查短语辨析。pick up 在此作“恢复”讲，符合语意。pick out 挑选；turn up 出现；show up 揭露，露面。
4When Cindy is sad，she is always described in shades of grey...
当辛迪难过时，她总是用灰色调来描写……
品味经典
①There isn’t much shade here.
这儿不太阴凉。
②She took a rest in the shade of a tree.
她在树阴下休息了一会儿。
自我探究
shade 可作名词，意为“荫，阴凉处”，是不可数名词，当具有特指意义时，通常带定冠词；表示“在树阴下”时，常用介词in。
归纳拓展
(1)若有形容词修饰时可用不定冠词。 (2)表示“阴影”为不可数名词；表示“遮阳伞，灯罩，明暗，深浅(色调的)”等为可数名词。(3)shade，shadow,严格说来，shade 是指太阳照不到的地方；shadow 主要指人或物体因挡住光线而形成的影子，有时也可指太阳照不到的阴凉处(＝shade)。
③What a pleasant shade these trees give!这些树下多么阴凉舒服啊！
④There are a number of different shades of green.
绿色有许多不同的色调。
牛刀小试
(1)What ________pleasant shade！Let’s take a rest________.
A．/；in the shade
B．a；in the shade
C．the；under the shade
D．/；under the shade解析：选B。shade 是不可数名词(表示“树荫”时)，但是当有形容词修饰它时，通常要在前面加不定冠词；表示“在树阴下”用in the shade ，不用under the shade。
(2)The noon sunlight was too bright，so he had to ________his eyes with his left hand to see the car clearly.
A．prevent B．shade
C．cover D．hide
解析：选B。句意：“因为中午光线太强，因而他要用手把眼睛上方遮蔽着才能看清那辆车。” prevent 防止；cover 覆盖；hide 躲藏；shade 遮蔽。
5Burns was by then a famous poet，but was not any richer and had to earn his income by farming.
彭斯是当时有名的诗人，但他已不再富裕，不得不靠农活维持生计。
品味经典
①He earned fame and fortune.他名利双收。
②They could earn 3,000 yuan a month as long as they worked hard.
他们只要努力工作一个月可以挣到三千元。
自我探究
earn的基本意思是“获得某种精神或物质上的报酬”，引申为“挣钱”“谋生”解。可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。
归纳拓展易混辨析
earn，win，gain，obtain
牛刀小试
She made________good living by marrying________money.
A．a；the
B．/；/
C．the；the
D．a；/解析：选D。living 作“生计，谋生”讲时，是可数名词，通常用作单数。marry money 是个习惯用法，意思是“和有钱人结婚”。
6 Burns had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around.
彭斯有待人风趣、友好的好名声。品味经典
①I’m aware of Mark’s reputation for being late.
我知道马克迟到是出了名的。
②If the fact is published，it will ruin your reputation.
如果真相被公布，这将会毁了你的名誉。
自我探究
reputation n. 名声；名誉；声誉。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)China has got a good ________for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.
A．reputation B．influence
C．impression D．knowledge解析：选A。从空格后面的介词入手，四个选项中只有 reputation 后应接介词 for，故选A。influence 和 impression 后接on，knowledge 后则习惯用of。
翻译句子
(2)他的成就名不副实。
__________________________________________________________________
(3)他作为一个老师名声很好。
__________________________________________________________________
His achievement doesn’t live up to his reputation.He has a good reputation as a
teacher.7When this monument in honour of him was first shown to the public in 1877，...
这座纪念彭斯的塑像于1877年首次对公众展出，……
品味经典
①He set up a monument on the spot where his daughter was killed.
他在女儿被害的地方竖起了纪念碑。
②The monument to him was set up last year.
他的纪念馆是去年落成的。③These recordings are a monument to his talent as a pianist.
这些录音是展现他钢琴家才华的不朽之作。
自我探究
monument “纪念碑”，与其常搭配的介词是to 而不是of。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)Tomorrow morning，we’ll pay a visit ________the monument ________soldiers killed in the war.
A．for；of B．to；to
C．to；of D．of；for
解析：选B。“参观某地”用pay a visit to a place 表示；“某人的纪念馆(碑)”要用the monument to sb.表示。
完成句子
(2)天安门广场上耸立着人民英雄纪念碑。
Just on Tian’anmen Square stands__________________________________________.
the monument to the People’s
Heroes8Burns belonged to a group of poets(including John Keats and William Wordsworth) called the Romantic poets.
彭斯属于被称为浪漫主义诗人(包括约翰·济慈和威廉·华兹华斯)的诗人群体。
品味经典
①What party do you belong to?
你属于哪一党派？
②Put that chair back where it belongs.
把椅子放回原处。③The red carpet welcome belongs to something the Queen has experienced all over the world.
过去，女王造访世界各地时接受的都是红毯迎宾礼。
自我探究
belong to表示“是属于……的财产；是……组成部分；
是……的成员”；不可用于被动语态；不能用于进行时。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)The dictionary which belongs to ________is much newer than________.
A．mine；yours B．me；you
C．me；yours D．mine；you解析：选C。结合选项，可知句意为“属于我的那本字典要比你的字典新”。第一个空虽然译成汉语时是“我的”，但还是要用人称代词的宾格；第二个空是指your dictionary，故要用名词性物主代词yours.
翻译句子
(2)这辆车是我叔叔的。
_____________________________
(3)这个提包是谁的？
_________________________________
The car belongs to my uncleWho does the bag belong to?9With the line‘O my Luve’s like a red，red rose’，he compares the girl he loves to a red rose.
在“啊，我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰”这一行中，他把他所爱的姑娘，比作一朵红玫瑰。品味经典
①People compare parks to lungs of cities.
人们把公园比作城市的肺。
②Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作一个舞台。
③It was a small place then compared to/with what it is now.
和现在比起来，那时它还是一个小地方。
自我探究
compare...with...把……与……相比；compare...to... 把……和……作比较；把……比作……。
归纳拓展
(1)compared to 和 compared with 通常可以通用，用作句子状语，可以置于句首，也可以置于句末，意思是“与……相比，与……比起来。”(2)在表达“比得上，可与……相比”时，compare to 和 compare with 可以通用，但否定句中往往只用介词with。
(3)表达把……比作……，只能用compare...to...
(4)comparison 是compare 的名词形式。常见短语有：by comparison 比较起来；较之
by/in comparison(with sb./sth.) 相比较
there’s no comparison 无法比较
④My works can’t compare with yours.(通常不用compare to)
我的作品不能同你的相比。
牛刀小试
(1)I’ve had some difficulties，but they were nothing ________yours.
A．to compare to
B．comparing with
C．compared with
D．to be compared to解析：选C。句中的 they 在逻辑上是 compare 的宾语，因而不能用现在分词作状语，而要用过去分词作状语。本句中不能用不定式作状语，不定式在句中作状语时一般表示目的、结果、原因等。
(2)________society ________a university，I think，is quite reasonable.
A．Comparing；to
B．Compared；with
C．Comparing；with
D．Compared；to解析：选A。从句子结构来看，I think 是插入语，前面的部分应该是句子的主语，故可排除B项和D项；从意思来看，应选A项，意为“把社会比作一所大学”。
10Later that day，a pair of brand new sneakers lay next to his chair，and in the corner was a new soccer ball.
那天晚些时候，一双崭新的运动鞋摆在了他的椅子旁边，角落里有个新足球。品味经典
①Then followed three days of heavy rain.
后来连续下了三天大雨。
②Down jumped the naughty boy.
那个调皮的男孩跳了下来。③In the front of the hall sat the speaker.
演讲者坐在大厅的前面。
④Gone are the days when we were young and happy.
我们年轻、快乐的日子一去不复返了。
自我探究
本句中and 连接两个并列分句。后一分句是全部倒装句，其自然语序为a new soccer ball was in the corner。
归纳拓展
完全倒装用法小结：
(1)以here，there，now，then等开头，谓语动词为be，come，go，lie等的句子要完全倒装(如果主语是人称代词，则不使用倒装结构)。(2)为使表达生动，以out，in，up，away，down 等副词开头的句子要完全倒装(如果主语是人称代词，则不使用倒装结构)。
(3)为保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接更紧密，可把介词短语和形容词提前构成全部倒装结构。
牛刀小试
(1)(2010年高考江苏卷)—Is everyone here?
—Not yet...Look，there________the rest of our guests!
A．come B．comes
C．is coming D．are coming解析：选A。方位副词 there 位于句首，句子的谓语动词为 come，句子的主语是名词性的，句子常采用完全倒装结构，又因为the rest of our guests 作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，加之此处表示即时情况，故选A。
(2)(2010年高考重庆卷)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ________，one of the ten largest cities in China.
A．lies Chongqing
B．Chongqing lies
C．does lie Chongqing
D．does Chongqing lie解析：选A。为平衡句子结构，把表示方位的地点状语提前，句子应完全倒装，所以选A。
11When the game was over，Kevin and Steven walked past the old bench where Mike was sitting.
当比赛结束的时候，凯文和斯蒂芬从旧长凳边走过，迈克正坐在那里。
品味经典
①We walked down the village street where villagers were selling and buying.
我们沿着村子的大街走去，村民们在做买卖。②When we are free next month，we will fly to Shenzhen where we will stay for a couple of days and then go to Hongkong.
下个月有空的时候，我们要飞往深圳，在那里我们要呆上几天，然后再去香港。
自我探究
本句是个复合句，when 引导时间状语从句，主句中含有 where 引导的限制性定语从句。归纳拓展
关系词where在定语从句中作状语，有时用介词＋which代替where；要注意where 引导地点状语从句与定语从句的区别。
③The poor man has no house where(in which) he can live.
这个穷人没有房子住。
④You’d better not leave the medicine where kids can get at it.(地点状语)
你最好把药放在孩子们够不着的地方。
牛刀小试
(1)I’m sure that you will love our new best-seller，________you can read some good short stories in simple English.
A．one B．where
C．that D．which解析：选B。非限制性定语从句，引导词作从句的地点状语，故答案选B。
(2)I walked in our garden，________Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.
A．which B．when
C．where D．that解析：选C。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为our garden，作地点，引导词在从句中作状语，故答案选C。
(3)Could it be in the restaurant ________you had dinner with me yesterday________you left behind your keys and wallet?A．that；where
B．where；that
C．which；that
D．that；when
解析：选B。前一空考查定语从句，引导词作状语，后一空是考查名词性从句。
12Kevin，hugging his new soccer ball to his chest，walked on and did not look back.
凯文将他的新足球抱在胸前，继续朝前走，没有回头。
品味经典
①Being very weak，she couldn’t move.
她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。(原因)
②Working hard，you will succeed.
努力工作，你就会成功。(条件)③He sat in the chair reading a newspaper.
他坐在椅子上看报。(伴随)
④I listened to the music for a while，having written an important letter.
写完一封重要的信之后，我听了一会儿音乐。
自我探究
现在分词短语hugging his new soccer ball to his chest 作状语，表示伴随状况。
归纳拓展
现在分词(短语)作状语的语法功能： (1) 现在分词(短语)作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式或伴随状况。(2)通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列分句。
(3)分词的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致。)
牛刀小试
(1)(2010年高考江苏卷)The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu，________the students to return to their classrooms.A．enabling
B．having enabled
C．to enable
D．to have enabled
解析：选A。现在分词短语 enabling the students...在此作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
(2)(2010年高考安徽卷)He had a wonderful childhood，________with his mother to all corners of the world.
A．travel
B．to travel
C．traveled
D．traveling
解析：选D。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词，现在分词短语 traveling with...在此处作状语，表示伴随情况。动词不定式表示的动作尚未发生。
译文助读
Robert Burns and his poetry
Robert Burns，Scotland’s supreme literary hero，was born in Alloway，Scotland in 1759.Burns had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around. However he came from a poor family with many debts，and did not ever make a lot of money.
People say that Burns’s first love，Nelly Kirkpatrick，encouraged him to write poetry ‘To a Mouse’and ‘The Holy Fair’，two of his most popularpoems，both appeared in his first book of poetry.After it was published，he became famous nationwide.Then he moved to Edinburgh，the capital and largest urban centre of Scotland.Burns was by then a famous poet，but was not any richer and had to earn his income by farming.
A hard life and weak health made Robert Burns’s life short.He died at the age of 37 in 1796.All of Scotland mourned Burns’s death，and afterwards many people donated money to support his widow and children.
There is a statue of Burns in George Square in Glasgow，Scotland.When this monument in honour of him was first shown to the public in 1877，the day was declared a holiday and about 30,000 people came out to watch.
From this we can see how much the Scottish people adored Burns.The house in Alloway where Burns was born is now a museum of his life and work.Burns belonged to a group of poets (including John Keats and William Wordsworth) called the Romantic poets.The Romantic Movement started around 1780 and lasted until about 1830.The poetry of this period often focuses on concepts like freedom andbeauty，and tends to use imagination and touch on strong feelings.
The Romantic poets were very interested in nature，and often used it as a theme in their poetry. This is probably why Burns talked about a rose in his famous poem，‘A Red，Red Rose’．He wrote in the same way the Scottish people spoke back then，which explains why the spelling looks rather strange.
Note how‘love’is spelt‘luve’，how‘well’ is spelt ‘weel’ and how ‘go’ is spelt ‘gang’．The poem was published in 1794 and ，like many of Burns’s poems，it was intended to be a song.Burns divided this poem into four short sections consisting of four lines each. These sections in a poem are like paragraphs in an article.The second and fourth lines of each section rhyme.
Poetry is usually full of symbols，and‘A Red，Red Rose’ is no different.With the line ‘O my Luve’s like a red，red rose’，he compares the girl he loves to a red rose. He goes on to compare her to a song in the lines ‘O my Luve’s like the melodie/That’s sweetly play’d in tune！’When he mentions‘the sands o’life’ in the third section，he is swearing that his love will never fade as long as he lives.
‘Fare thee weel’ in the last section of the poem means‘farewell’，or‘goodbye’．Yet，though he is saying goodbye to his love，he promises to come to see her again，even if he has to travel ten thousand miles.
A Red，Red Rose
by Robert Burns
O my Luve’s like a red，red rose
That’s newly sprung in June；
O my Luve’s like the melodie
That’s sweetly play’d in tune!
As fair art thou，my bonnie lass，
So deep in luve am I：
And I will luve thee still，my dear，
Till a’ the seas gang dry：
?Till a’ the seas gang dry，my dear，
And the rocks melt wi’ the sun；
I will luve thee still，my dear，
While the sands o’life shall run.
And fare thee weel，my only Luve，
And fare thee weel a while!
And I will come again，my Luve，
Tho’ it were ten thousand mile.
罗伯特·彭斯和他的诗歌
罗伯特·彭斯是苏格兰的文学巨匠，于1759年出生在苏格兰的阿洛韦。彭斯有待人风趣、友好的好名声。但是，他出生在一个负债累累的贫困家庭，而且从来没有挣到过很多钱。人们说彭斯的第一位恋人内莉·柯克帕特里克鼓励他创作诗歌。他最受欢迎的诗歌中的两首《致小鼠》和《圣集》都出现在他的第一本诗集中。在他的第一本诗集出版后，他闻名全国。
然后，他搬到了既是苏格兰首府又是苏格兰最大城市的爱丁堡。彭斯是当时有名的诗人，但他并没有比以前富裕多少，不得不靠做农活维持生计。
艰辛的生活和虚弱的体质缩短了彭斯的生命。他于1796年去世，享年37岁。整个苏格兰都哀悼他的逝世，随后许多人捐款资助他的妻子和孩子们。在苏格兰格拉斯哥的乔治广场有一尊彭斯的塑像。这座纪念彭斯的塑像于1877年首次对公众展出，那一天被定为假日，约有三万人出来观看。由此可见苏格兰人民多么崇敬他。位于阿洛韦彭斯出生的房子，现在是展示他生平和作品的纪念馆。
彭斯属于被称为浪漫主义诗人(包括约翰·济慈和威廉·华兹华斯)的群体。浪漫主义运动大概始于1780年，持续至1830年左右。这一时期的诗歌通常关注自由、美丽等概念，往往运用想像触及强烈的情感。浪漫主义诗人对自然有浓厚的兴趣，经常以自然作为他们诗歌的主题。这可能就是为什么彭斯在他的著名诗歌《一朵红红的玫瑰》里描写了玫瑰。他用当时苏格兰人民口语的形式写作诗歌，这也解释了为什么拼写看起来相当奇怪。注意“love”拼成了“luve”，“well”拼成了“weel”，“go”拼成了“gang”。这首诗发表于1794年，如同彭斯的许多诗歌一样，这首诗原是为歌咏而作。彭斯将这首诗分为四节，每节四行。诗歌中的节就像文章里的段落。每一节的第二行和第四行押韵。
诗歌常常充满象征，《一朵红红的玫瑰》也不例外。在“啊，我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰”这一行中，他把他所爱的姑娘比作一朵红玫瑰。他继而又将他的爱人比作一首歌曲，“啊，我的爱人像一首乐曲/演奏得甜美而合拍”。彭斯在第三节里提到了“生命的流沙”，他这是在立下誓言，只要生命不停歇，他的爱就永远不会褪去。诗歌最后一节中的“Fare thee weel”意思是“别了”或“再见”。虽然他是在向他的爱人说再见,但他许诺一定会再来看她，即使他要远行万里。
一朵红红的玫瑰
罗伯特·彭斯
啊，我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰，
在六月里含苞绽开；
啊，我的爱人像一首乐曲，
演奏得甜美而合拍。
你是那么美丽，我的好姑娘，
我爱你那么深切；
我会永远爱你，亲爱的，
直到四海枯竭。
直到四海枯竭，亲爱的，
岩石被太阳熔解；
亲爱的，我会永远爱你，
只要生命永不停歇。
再见吧，我惟一的爱人，
我和你暂时别离！
我会回来的，我的爱人，
即使相隔万里。
写作专题突破【写作要求】
《鲁滨逊漂流记》(Robinson Crusoe)是英国小说家丹尼尔·笛福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇简短的书评：1．该书出版于1719年，它是一本最流行的历险小说之一。
2．鲁滨逊，一位英国人，由于在一个荒凉的热带小岛附近船只失事，自己造了简易的小屋，自己种植食物，过着自给自足的生活，23年后，他遇见一群野人，从他们手里救出一个逃犯，给他取名Friday，他们成了好朋友，四年后获救，返回了英国。
3．该书部分是根据18世纪苏格兰水手Alexander Selkirk在一个荒岛上独自生活了将近5年的故事写的。
4．小说以生动感人的细节和对人类独自面对自然界的能力的信念表述著称。
参考词汇：
self-sufficient adj. 自给自足的
cannibal n. 食人肉的野人
wreck v. 失事
词数：不少于150。
【要点词汇】
1．历险小说 ____________________
2．一个荒凉的热带小岛 ___________________________
3．根据 ________________
4．真实事迹 ________________
5．细节 ________________
an adventure novela lonely tropical islandbe based onactual deedsdetails【句式结构】
1．《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国小说家丹尼尔·笛福写的，出版于1719年。
Robinson Crusoe is a novel ______the English author Daniel Defoe，________________________in 1719.which was publishedby2．鲁滨逊，一个英国人，他的船只在一个荒凉的热带小岛附近失事。
Robinson is an Englishman，______________________near a lonely tropical island.
whose ship is wrecked3．他们成了好朋友，四年后获救，返回了英国。
They become close friends，and_____________________________________________，both return to England.
when they are finally rescued four years later4．这部小说以生动的细节和对人类独自面对自然界的能力的信念表述而著称。
This novel ________________its lovely details and__________________man’s ability when left alone in nature.
is famous forthe faith of【连句成篇】
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________【佳作欣赏】
A Review of Robinson Crusoe
Robinson Crusoe is a novel by the English author Daniel Defoe，which was published in 1719.It is one of the most popular adventure novels in all literature. It is the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman whose ship is wrecked near a lonely tropical island.He builds himself a nut, grows his own food, and becomes self-sufficient.After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners，ayoung native whom he calls Friday.Crusoe and his “man” Friday become close friends，and when they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England.
Robinson Crusoe is partly based on the actual deeds of Alexander Selkirk, an
18th-century Scottish sailor who spent.
This novel is famous for its lovely details and the faith of man’s ability when left alone in nature.
【类文点津】
从上面的书评中我们可以总结出书评的特点和方法。
1．要写出书的作者，书名，以及书的体裁，故事背景。2．故事梗概：故事梗概应该做到内容完整，忠实于原著，不能夹杂自己的评价和议论。故事梗概可以使用现在时。但在为非小说类作品写梗概时，则需按照原著的时态写。例如，历史书的梗概用过去时，科普书的梗概用现在时和将来时。
3．评论：给出自己对文章的看法，可以提出对作品的看法，讨论它对现在及将来的影响；也可以对作品的风格和作者的表现手法进行评论。对作家和作品进行评判应当实事求是，要有论据。
课件10张PPT。Unit 1 The written word 教材背景链接A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the water of wisdom and delight. —P.B.Shelley
伟大的诗篇即是永远喷出智慧和欢欣之水的喷泉。 ——P.B.雪莱We must accept finite disappointment，but we must never lose infinite hope.
—Matin Luther King
我们必须接受失望，因为它是有限的，但千万不可失去希望，因为它是无穷的。
——马丁·路德·金
Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.
—Albert Einstein
不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。
——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
古人云：“书中自有黄金屋，书中自有颜如玉。” 其实，对于任何人而言，读书最大的好处在于：它让求知的人从中获知，让无知的人变得有知。下面我们先了解一些基础的文学常识。William Shakespeare
The great English poet, playwright William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in a small town in the UK. Shakespeare attended Stratford Grammar School in his youth, where he studied theatre and acting, as well as Latin literature and history.His study of literature there had a strong influence on his later works. Although he received a good basic education, but didn’t have university education.Shakespeare worked in many different fields before he began working as a professional playwright.During his lifetime，he wrote thirty-seven plays.
William Shakespeare died in 1616 at the age of fifty-two.He was rich and successful.You still can see his plays in English and many other languages today.He is considered as one of the greatest writers in history.Find the words in the passage that fit the following descriptions.
1．____________ a writer of poems(the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)
2．____________ the art of writing and producing playstheatrepoet3．____________ stories，poems and plays，especially those that are cosidered to have value as art and not just entertainment
4．____________ the period of time when someone is alive
literaturelifetime课件177张PPT。Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading速效提能演练预习多维感知 Section Ⅰ重点难点探究预习多维感知?Step One：Fast Reading
Read the text in the textbook and choose the best answer. ( )
1．Why did Zhang Yimou transform Forbidden City into the location for Turandot?
A. Because the weather was perfect for an outdoor performance.BB．Because he felt that the audience could almost feel the history.
C．There were decorated panels covered with red and gold.
D．Because Turandot was born in the Forbidden City.
2．What caused Puccini to write Turandot?
( )
A．He was good at taking on a classic love.
B．He liked East Asia very much.
C．He lived in East Asia for some time.
D．He heard of a heart-breaking love story.
B3. Which part can you infer is the climax in Turandot? ( )
A．A prince being killed for not answering riddles.
B．The classic love trangle being taken on.
C．Liu’s killing herself while being tortured.
D．A beautifully-sung final duet.
D?Step Two：Listening
Listen to the tape and choose the best answer. ( )
1．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The story of Turandot happened in the Forbidden city.BB．The story of Turandot is set in old China.
C．Chinese musicians composed the music of Turandot.
D．Only foreign actors and singers performed in the opera.
2．Who played the part of Turandot?
( )
A．Sharon Sweet.
B．Barbara Hendricks.
C．Kristjan Johannsson.
D．Zubin Mehta.
A3．Why does the writer think highly of Turandot being performed in Forbidden City? ( )
A．Because Director Zhang Yimou is good at directing operas.
B．Because the historical story happened in China.
CC．Because audience can feel the history.
D．Because Chinese audience are the best opera viewers.
4．What kind of woman is Turandot?
( )
A．She is beautiful and kind.
B．She is a cruel woman who loves power.
C．She is a woman who always put love above everything else.
D．She is a woman who likes riddles.
B?Step Three：Careful Reading
Read the text and fill in the blanks.
Title：Turandot in Beijing
operaperformedconditioncold-heartedhandsome affectionriddlesDirectorconductedcombined?Step Four：Summary
The world-famous opera, Turandot，is the story of a cold-hearted Chinese 1.____________，named Turandot.In order to avoid 2.____________， she says that any 3.____________husband must answer threeprincessmarriagepotential 4.____________correctly or die.A handsome prince，named Calaf, says that he will 5.____________the problem and marry her.But a young slave of his father, Liu, begins to love him, then the story takes on a classic love 6.____________featuring Calaf，riddles solvetriangleTurandot，and Liu, whose love for Calaf is 7.____________.Although Calaf recites the answers to the Turandot’s questions correctly, she is greatly 8.____________by this.Seeing this, Calaf says that if she can guess his name by 9.____________， she doesunconditional upsetsunrisenot have to marry him.In order to learn his name, she tortures Liu，asking for the name.Unfortunately, Liu kills herself.But at the end of the story，the prince and Turandot unite in marriage，and the whole city 10.____________their happiness.
celebrates?Step Five：Discussion
Discuss music and opera with your partner. Learn something about Chinese opera?
重点难点探究1Music has been called ‘the universal language’ because people do not need to speak the same language to understand it.
音乐一直被称为“共同语言”，因为人们不需要说同样的语言来理解它。品味经典
①Gravity，although the weakest known force，is the only universal force.
引力虽然是已知力中最弱的力，它却是唯一普遍存在的力。
②I think ‘dad’ is universal.
我认为“爸爸”在全世界都是通用的。③Climate change and population are two universal problems.
气候变化和人口是世界性的两大问题。
自我探究
universal adj.普遍的，共同的，公认的，宇宙的。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)We are talking about a universal meaning of the whole human kind.
_________________________________我们谈了整个人类的普遍意义。(2)English is a universal language.
_____________________________
英语是世界通用的语言。2Last night，I witnessed the first of only eight performances of Giacomo Puccini’s world-famous opera，Turandot，being performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing，China.
昨天晚上，我去看了贾科莫·普契尼闻名世界的歌剧《图兰朵》，那是在中国北京紫禁城八场演出的首场。
品味经典
①I witnessed a robbery on my way home last night.
昨晚在回家的路上，我目击了一起抢劫案。②He told the police that he was one of the witnesses to the car accident.
他告诉警方他是那起汽车事故的目击者之一。
自我探究
witness vt.&vi. 目睹，目击；作证，说明
n. 目击者，证人(＋of/to)；证据(＋to)。
归纳拓展【助记】
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)After the murder，the police did a lot of work to find out some clues from the ________.
A．lookers-on B．viewers
C．people D．witnesses解析：选D。句意：“谋杀案之后，为了从证人那里发现一些线索，警方做了大量的工作。”witnesses 目击者，证人，符合句意。 lookers-on 旁观者；viewers 观看者，观察者；people 人们。
完成句子
(2)Mr.Green was asked to ___________________(充当证人) to the agreement between his two friends.
act as a witness3Some of the world’s greatest opera singers were cast in this production，and many great Chinese musicians also participated.
几位世界顶级的歌剧演唱家担任角色，许多杰出的中国音乐家也参加了演出。
(1)cast
品味经典
①The actor was cast as a scientist in the new film.
在新影片中，那个演员被选派扮演一个科学家。②He was cast as Othello.
他被选中扮演奥赛罗的角色。
自我探究
cast (cast；cast) vt. 选派……扮演某角色；为(戏剧、角色)选派演员；n.投，抛；演员表，全体演员。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)Because of a heavy storm Robinson Crusoe was ________on a deserted island for as long as 28 years.
A．cast away B．cast down
C．thrown off D．thrown out
解析：选A。be cast away on a deserted island 意为“流落到一个荒岛上”；cast down 意为“使沮丧，使失望”；thrown off 意为“匆忙地脱掉，摆脱，扔掉”；thrown out 意为“扔掉，赶走”。翻译句子
(2)The apple trees in the orchard cast many blossoms after the storm.
__________________________________________________________________
暴风雨过后，果园里苹果树的花掉
了许多。(2)participate
品味经典
①Children are encouraged to participate in the lives of their communities.
人们鼓励孩子们参与社区活动。②She participated with her friend in the activity.
她和朋友一起参与了这个活动。
自我探究
participate vi. 参与；参加。
易混辨析
participate，attend，join，join in
牛刀小试
用participate，attend，join和join in 的适当形式填空
(3)Her brother________the army at the age of 20.joined(4)He ____________in the children’s games.
(5)Did you________the meeting yesterday?
(6)She listens but she never ________.
participatedattendjoins in4In order to avoid marriage，she says that any potential husband must solve three riddles if he wants to marry her.
为了不出嫁，她说任何想要成为她丈夫并娶她的人必须猜中三道谜语。
品味经典
①When many learned the news of their marriage，they all went to congratulate them.
当许多人获悉了他们结婚的消息时，都前来向他们道贺。②After 10 years of marriage，the young couple is divorcing.
那对年轻人结婚十年了，现在正闹离婚。
③Her first marriage ended after five years.
她的第一次婚姻五年后结束了。
自我探究
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)情人节我要向她求婚。
I’m going to ask her to ________ me on St Valentine’s Day.marry(2)上周汤姆与简结婚了。
Tom ________________________Jane last week.
(3)他与玛吉结婚已经五年了。
He has ________________to Maggie for five years.
got married to been married5However，although he would like to，he cannot break his promise and must allow Turandot to do as she wishes.
虽然他很想收回这一允诺，但又不能食言，只能让图兰朵按照自己的意愿行事。
品味经典
①I never break my promise.
我从不违约。
②We arranged it like that，and I do not want to break my promise in any way.
我们是这样约定的，我无论如何都不能违背我的诺言。
自我探究
break one’s promise 食言，违背诺言。
归纳拓展③He is a person who can keep his promise，so once he made a promise，he will carry out his promise and won’t break his promise.他是一个守信用的人,所以，一旦他许诺，他就会实现他的诺言，而不会违背它。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)If you________your promise，the results will be sure to satisfy you.
A．carry out B．carry on
C．keep up D．make up解析：选A。carry out one’s promise 在此意为“履行诺言”。其他选项与 promise 不搭配。
完成句子
(2)一旦做出承诺，就要遵守诺言。
Once you________________，you should ________________.
(3)他严谨地遵守他的诺言。
He ________________ with religious care.make a promisekeep itkept his promise6 Shortly afterwards，another prince，Calaf，falls in love with Turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her.
之后不久，另一位王子卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情，决定要解开谜底，以便迎娶图兰朵。
品味经典
①At first sight the house appeared to be empty.
乍看起来，这房子似乎空无一人。
②She fainted at the sight of a tiger.
她一见到老虎就晕倒了。
自我探究
at(first)sight/at(the)sight of 一见到……就……。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)明天我要测我的视力。
I’ll ____________________tomorrow.
(2)胜利就在眼前。
Victory is____________________.have my sight testedin sight(3)这女孩害怕见到蛇。
The girl fears______________________.
(4)在人群中我看不到我的妹妹了。
I__________________my sister in the crowd.
the sight of snakeslost sight of7The story then takes on a classic love triangle between Calaf，Turandot and Liu.
故事随后演绎了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿之间的经典三角恋情。
品味经典
①Some insects can take on different colors of their surroundings.
有些昆虫能根据周围的环境呈现出不同的色彩。②He is in poor health and he can’t take on extra work.
他身体不好，不能承担额外的工作。
③He told us that he was always happy to take on new foreign students.
他告诉我们说他随时都乐于接收新来的外国学生。④The company is taking on a new secretary.Why not go and have a try?
那家公司要雇一个新的秘书。为什么不去试试呢？
自我探究
本句中 take on 意为“呈现，体现”。该短语还有“承担，接受”；“雇用”之意。归纳拓展
take action 采取行动
take away 拿走
take back 收回 take care 小心
take care of 照顾 take it easy 别紧张
take one’s time 慢慢来 take out 拿出take part in 参加 take photos 拍照
take place 发生 take down 拆毁，记下，拿下，咽下
take...into account 考虑，重视
take charge(of) 掌管，负责
take the place of 接替，代替
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)The world economic situation________a complex look.
A．takes place B．takes out
C．takes back D．takes on解析：选D。句意：“世界经济形势呈现出复杂的面貌。”take place 发生；take out 拿出；take back 收回；take on 呈现。故选D。
(2)To keep healthy，my father ________jogging as a regular form of exercise after he retired.
A．took up
B．caught on
C．carried out
D．made for
解析：选A。句意：“为了保持健康，退休后我爸爸就开始慢跑并将其作为定期锻炼的一种形式。”短语 take up doing sth.意为“开始做某事”。余项无此意，所以选择A项。
用take 短语的正确形式填空
(3)The Somali robbers’ frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to call on all nations_______________(采取措施)．
to take action(4)Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are__________________(得到很好的照顾)in the village.
(5)My classmates’ shoes were covered with mud，so I asked them __________________(脱鞋)before they got into the teacher’s house.taken good care ofto take them off8Those who cannot answer all three riddles，however，will be condemned to death.
那些猜不出全部三道谜语的人将被处以死刑。
品味经典
①We strongly condemn the crimes of killing children cruelly.
我们强烈谴责残忍杀害孩子的犯罪行为。
②The judge condemned him for fraud.
法官判了他欺诈罪。③In ancient China，anyone who cheated the emperor would be condemned to death.
在中国古代，任何欺骗皇帝的人都会被处以死刑。
自我探究
be condemned to death 被判死刑。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)He was found guilty of armed robbery,and________to 15 years in prison.
A．praised B．remembered
C．condemned D．honored解析：选C。句意：“他因抢劫罪，被判十五年徒刑。”be condemned to 判刑。
完成句子
(2)The newspapers ______________the Prime Minister ________(因为……而责难)his attitude towards the event.condemnedfor9Calaf’s father and Liu have been seen accompanying Calaf，so Turandot seizes Calaf’s father and Liu，and demands that they tell her Calaf’s name or they will be beaten.
有人曾看见卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿陪伴着卡拉夫，因此图兰朵把卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿抓了起来，强令他们告诉她卡拉夫的名字，否则他们就要遭到毒打。
品味经典
We should seize every opportunity to develop the economy.
我们要把握一切机遇发展经济。
自我探究
seize vt. 抓住；夺取；占领。
易混辨析
seize，take，grasp，catch
牛刀小试
用seize，grasp，catch和take的适当形式填空
(1)The policeman ____________the thief by the collar.
(2)He ____________his girlfriend by the hand.seizedtook(3)I didn’t quite ____________your meaning.
(4)He ____________the boys stealing apples from his garden.
graspcaught10Then Liu grabs a sword from a guard and kills herself.
柳儿从一个卫兵的手中夺过一把剑自刎。
(1)grab
品味经典
①The thief grabbed the purse and ran away with it.
这贼猛地一把抓住钱包逃跑了。
②She grabbed at the branch，missed and fell.
她抓树枝，可没抓着，就跌倒了。
自我探究
grab v. 攫取，抓取；(试图)抓住或夺得(＋at)。
归纳拓展③He made a savage grab for the knife.
他恶狠狠地去抓刀子。
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)He was too busy and managed to ________a couple of hours’ sleep on the plane.A．master B．make
C．grab D．miss
解析：选C。句意：“他太忙了，设法在飞机上睡了几个小时的觉。” master 掌握，精通；make 做，制造；miss 错过,避开；grab 赶，匆忙地做。从 too busy 可知，他是匆忙地睡觉的。
完成句子
(2)我们到达时，所有的好位子都给人占了。
By the time we arrived，someone ________________ all the good seats.
(3)爸爸匆匆吃了点早饭就去上班了。
Dad ___________some breakfast and went off to work.had grabbedgrabbed(2)guard
品味经典
①Two guards are always stationed at the gate.
大门口总有两名警卫站岗。
②A policeman kept guard over the prisoners.
一名警察看守囚犯。
自我探究
guard n. 哨兵；卫兵；守卫；看守；
vt. 保卫；守卫；警卫。
归纳拓展易混辨析
defend，protect，guard
牛刀小试
单项填空
(4)You should drive your car carefully so as to ________against accidents .
A．guard B．fight
C．protect D．keep解析：选A。句意：“你应该认真开车，提防出车祸。” fight against 奋力抵抗；protect against 保护，防护；keep 不与 against 搭配；guard against 提防。
(5)In our hometown we keep dogs to________our houses.
A．guard
B．defend
C．protect
D．prevent解析：选A。guard 意为“守卫，看守”；defend 意为“保卫，防护”；protect 意为“保护，防止(危险，损害等)”；prevent 意为“阻止”。根据句意可知A项正确，即让狗看护房屋。
完成句子
(6)要提防那些嫉妒你的成功的人。
Be ____________against those who are jealous of your success.
(7)我祖父走路时用一根拐杖以防摔倒。
My grandfather walks with a stick _________________falling.
on guardto guard against11Unfortunately，Puccini died_of a heart attack before he completed this final scene,and it had to be completed by one of his former students，...
不幸的是，普契尼还没完成这最后一幕，就因心脏病发作去世了，这一幕只好由他以前的一名学生来完成……
品味经典
Mr.Smith died of an old age.
史密斯先生终享天年。
自我探究
die of... 死于……。
归纳拓展
overwork/the bad air
loss of blood/a wound
an accident/drinking
too much winedie from
(强调外因)hunger/thirsty/cancer
a fever/a cold
old age/sorrowdie of(强调内因) die for 为……而死
die young(adj.)英年早逝/夭折
die happy(adj.)含笑九泉
die away (声音)渐渐消失
die out 灭绝牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)在印度老虎几乎要灭绝了。
_________________________________
(2)那奇怪的声音慢慢消失了。
_________________________________
Tigers have almost died out in India.The strange noise died away.12The music was conducted by Zubin Mehta，a superb conductor，who was born in India.
管弦乐队由出生于印度的著名指挥家祖宾·梅塔指挥。
品味经典
①The conductor is conducting our school orchestra.
指挥正在指挥我们学校的管弦乐队。
②The young soprano was taken up by a famous conductor.
那年轻的女高音歌手受到一著名指挥家的提携.
自我探究
conductor n. (乐队)指挥；(电或热的)导体 conduct v. 指导，指挥conduction n．传导，导热，导电。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)They hope their son to be a great ____________(conduct) of concerts when he grows up.
(2)Water is a good ____________(conduct)for heat and electricity.conductorconductor13The opera was directed by Zhang Yimou，a well-known Chinese director.
歌剧由中国著名导演张艺谋执导。
品味经典
①Who is the director that is directing this film?
导演这部电影的导演是谁？
②The director cast me as a mad priest.
导演派我扮演一个发了疯的神父。③I am a member of the board of directors.
我是董事会成员。
④Our sales director is unlearned.
我们的销售部主任没有文化。
自我探究
director n. 导演。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
用direct，direct at，direct to的适当形式填空
(1)The blind man ________________the railway station.
(2)The poems were ____________the enemy.was directed to directed (3)It is universally accepted that one’s thinking ____________one’s actions.
(4)The officer ____________his men to advance slowly.
(5)Almost all the recent criticism from the mass media is ____________the ever increasing rate of unemployment.
directsdirected directed at14Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting!
想想在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更好的场景了！品味经典
①Nothing in the world is more valuable than those books.
世上没有比那些书还更有价值的东西了.
②My English teacher can’t be a better one.我们的英语老师再好不过了。
③You couldn’t have chosen a better gift for your mother.
你给你妈妈选的礼物好极了。
自我探究
can’t/couldn’t...＋形容词/副词的比较级
there could not be more awesome 表示“不可能有比这更好的场景了”。否定词never/no/not/nothing等与比较级连用，往往表达最高级含义。
归纳拓展
比较级形式表示最高级意义的常用结构:
(all the other＋名词复数
the other＋名词复数
any other＋名词单数
any of the other＋名词复数
anything/anyone else比较级
＋than＋否定词＋形容词/副词的比较级牛刀小试
(1)—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Yes，I’ve never been to ________one before.A．a more excited
B．the most excited
C．a more exciting
D．the most exciting
解析：选C。句意：“——你在晚会上玩得开心吗？——是的，我从来没有参加过比这更令人激动的晚会。” excited 意思是“(人)激动的”；exciting 意思是“令人激动的”，由句意可知用exciting，由此可排除A、B两项；never 与比较级连用表示最高级意义，故选C。
(2)—Do you think the weather is good enough for an outing?
—Yes，you couldn’t hope for ________at the time of the year.
A．a nice day B．the nicer day
C．a nicer day D．the nicest day解析：选C。句意：“——你认为这个天气外出好吗？——一年中这个时间，再没有比这更好的天了。”
15Unfortunately，Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students，Franco Alfano.不幸的是，普契尼没有完成这最后一幕就死于心脏病，但他以前的一名学生佛郎哥·阿尔法诺完成了这最后一场。
品味经典
①Sadly they saw the shores of England disappear in the distance.
他们黯然看着英国的海岸在远处消失了。②Happily for him，his stepmother was kind to him.
使他感到高兴的是，他的继母对他很好.
自我探究
本句句首使用了副词unfortunately作评注性状语修饰全句。可使用It is/was＋adj.＋that从句替代。
It was unfortunate that Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students，Franco Alfano.
牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea.________both of them could swim.
A．In fact B．Luckily
C．Unfortunately D．Naturally解析：选B。句意：“两位中年乘客掉海里去了，幸运的是他们俩都会游泳。”其他选项不合题意。
完成句子
(2)幸运的是，他通过了驾驶考试。
_____________________，he passed the driving test.
(3)希望明天是个好天气。
____________，it will be a sunny day tomorrow.Luckily/FortunatelyHopefully译文助读
?Turandot in Beijing
by Jane Jones
Last night, I witnessed the first of only eight performances of Giacomo Puccini’s world-famous opera, Turandot, being performed in the Forbidden City inBeijing，China.The performance was splendid.Some of the world’s greatest opera singers were cast in this production, and many great Chinese musicians also participated.Puccini，an Italian, wrote Turandot towards the end of his life, between 1920 and 1924. He liked East Asia very much and also wrote Madam Butterfly, which is set in Japan.
Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting! You could almost feel the history.
The weather was also perfect for a performance outdoors.Instead of a stage curtain, there were decorated screens covered with red and gold，and traditional Chinese drums were used to announce the start of the opera.Turandot is the story of a stubborn and cruel Chinese princess, named Turandot，who lives in the Forbidden City in Beijing.In the story, the emperor of China，Turandot’s father, has promised to allow her to choose her own husband. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must solve three riddles if he wants to marry her.Those who cannot answer all three riddles, however, will be condemned to death.This means that few men would dare to ask for her hand in marriage. The story begins when a prince is killed for failing to solve her riddles.The emperor finds the death disturbing.However, although he would like to, he cannot break his promise and must allow Turandot to do as she wishes.
Shortly afterwards, another prince, Calaf, falls in love with Turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her.Meanwhile, Liu, a young slave of Calaf’s father, expresses her love for Calaf. The story then takes on a classic love triangle between Calaf, Turandot and Liu.
Calaf goes to Turandot and—without introducing himself or telling her his name—answers the three questions.Turandot becomes very angry at this turn of events, as she is unwilling to get married.Seeing this, Calaf says that if she can guess his name by sunrise, she will not have to marry him, but can have him killed. Calaf’s father and Liu have been seen accompanying Calaf, so Turandot seizes Calaf’s father and Liu, and demands that they tell her Calaf’s name or they will be beaten.Wanting to protect the father, Liu claims that she alone knows the name, but resists telling Turandot. Then Liu grabs a sword from a guard and kills herself.
When it becomes evident what happened, Calaf scolds Turandot for not being more merciful.However, though he is angry, he still loves her.Calaf kisses Turandot.
Turandot’s heart grows softer, but is still quite hard.She demands that he leave.Instead, he tells her his name—just before the dawn deadline—and says that she can kill him if she wishes. At the end of the story, the prince and princess unite in marriage, and the whole city celebrates their happiness.
Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.An opera company staged the opera in Beijing in the 1990s, but the performance I saw was the first timeTurandot was staged inside the Forbidden City.The production combined the very best of Western and Chinese talents.The music was conducted by Zubin Mehta, a superb conductor, who was born in India.The opera was directed by Zhang Yimou, a well-known Chinese director. In the Beijing performance I saw, Turandot was played by Sharon Sweet from the USA, Liu was played by another opera singer from the USA, Barbara Hendricks, and Calaf was sung by Kristjan Johannsson from Iceland.They were all excellent.
The Forbidden City was once only accessible to the emperor, his family and senior officials.However, in this wonderful production, it has been transformed into the spot for a beautiful and sad love story.
The bringing together of this group of people from many countries, the music, and the grand setting are clearly the key components of this amazing production.《图兰朵》在北京
简·琼斯
昨天晚上，我目睹了贾科莫·普契尼闻名世界的歌剧《图兰朵》在中国北京紫禁城的首场演出，该歌剧在这里只演八场。演出异彩纷呈。几位世界级歌剧演唱家在演出中担任主演，许多杰出的中国音乐家也参与进来。普契尼是意大利人，1920年至1924年期间，在他的生命快要走向终点之际，他创作了《图兰朵》。普契尼非常喜欢东亚，还创作了以日本为背景的《蝴蝶夫人》。
想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这儿更令人叹为观止的场景了！你几乎可以感受到历史。天气对于户外演出来说也是绝佳的。覆盖着红色和金色的经过装饰的屏风代替了舞台帷幕，传统的中国鼓被用来宣告歌剧的开场。
《图兰朵》讲述的是一位顽固、冷酷的中国公主图兰朵的故事，她住在北京紫禁城里。故事中，中国的皇帝，即图兰朵的父亲，允诺女儿由她自己选择丈夫。为了逃避婚姻，她说任何想成为她丈夫的人要娶她必须猜中三道谜语。但是猜不出全部三道谜语的人将被处以死刑。这意味着几乎没人胆敢向她求婚。故事开始时，一位王子因为猜不中图兰朵的谜语被处死。皇上为死人的事而感到不安，虽然他很想收回这一允诺，但又不能食言，只能让图兰朵按照自己的意愿行事。
之后不久，另一位王子卡拉夫对图兰朵一见钟情，决定要解开谜底，以便能迎娶图兰朵。这时，卡拉夫父亲的年轻奴隶柳儿倾诉了她对卡拉夫的爱。故事随后演绎了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿三人之间的经典三角恋情。卡拉夫来到图兰朵面前——没有自我介绍，也没有告诉图兰朵自己的名字——回答出她的三个问题。
对于事情的这一转折图兰朵非常恼火，因为她不愿意结婚。见此，卡拉夫说如果她能在太阳升起之前猜出他的名字，她不仅可以不嫁给他，还可以杀了他。有人曾看见卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿陪伴着卡拉夫，因此图兰朵把卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿抓了起来，强令他们告诉她卡拉夫的名字，否则他们就要遭到毒打。为了保护卡拉夫的父亲，柳儿宣称只有她知道卡拉夫的名字，但她拒绝告诉图兰朵。
然后柳儿从一名卫兵的手中夺过一把剑自刎。当所发生的一切已显而易见时，卡拉夫斥责图兰朵没有慈悲之心.然而,尽管卡拉夫非常愤怒，他依然爱着图兰朵。卡拉夫亲吻了图兰朵。图兰朵的心变得软些了，但仍然相当冷酷。
她强令卡拉夫离开。但是，卡拉夫告诉了图兰朵他的名字——就在黎明的期限来临之前——还说如果图兰朵愿意，她可以杀死他。在故事的结尾处,王子和公主喜结良缘，整座城市欢庆他们的幸福。
不幸的是，普契尼还没有完成这最后一幕就因心脏病发作去世了，这一幕只好由他以前的一名学生佛朗哥·阿尔法诺来完成。在20世纪90年代，一家歌剧公司将这出歌剧搬上了北京的舞台，但我观看的这场演出是《图兰朵》第一次在紫禁城里上演。这次演出结合了中西方最优秀的人才。乐队由生于印度的杰出指挥家祖宾·梅塔指挥。歌剧由中国著名导演张艺谋执导。我观看的这场在北京的演出中，图兰朵由美国的莎伦·斯威特扮演，柳儿由美国另一名歌剧演唱家芭芭拉·亨德里克斯扮演，卡拉夫则是由来自冰岛的克里斯蒂安·约翰松扮演。他们都很出色。
紫禁城曾经只允许皇帝、皇室人员和高级官员进入，但是，在这次精彩的演出中，它变成了一个美丽而令人心碎的爱情故事的发生地。来自许多国家的这群人的联袂演出、音乐以及恢弘的场景显然是这场令人惊叹的演出的重要因素。
课件81张PPT。Section Ⅱ Word power & Grammar and usage速效提能演练重点难点探究 Section Ⅱ语法专题突破重点难点探究1It had always been one of my strongest desires to have a part in Turandot.
参与《图兰朵》的演出一直是我最强烈的愿望之一。品味经典
①I have no desire to discuss the question.
我不想讨论这个问题。
②Do you have enough money to satisfy all your desires?
你有足够的钱来满足你所有的愿望吗？③He desired us to leave soon.
他希望我们尽快离开。
④She desired to marry a rich man.
她很想嫁个有钱人。
⑤People desire peace.
人们渴望和平。
⑥He desires that you should come at once.
他要你马上来。
自我探究
desire n．&vt.&vi. 愿望，渴望，欲望。
归纳拓展
(1)desire 作名词使用时，和介词for 连用时，后接名词作宾语；和to 连用时，后接动词。
(2)desire 除了有“愿望，欲望”的含义之外，还有“请求，要求”的意思，desire 可以直接接宾语，也可以后接不定式，不接动名词。desire 作“要求”解时，后接that 引导的宾语从句时，其谓语通常用“should ＋动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式，也可用不定式的复合结构来表示此意，即desire sb.to do。
desire的相关短语：
desire peace 渴望和平
a desire for peace 要求和平的愿望
do sth.at sb.’s desire 应某人要求做某事
by desire 应邀,have a strong desire to do sth.迫切想做某事
one’s heart’s desire/the heart’s desire
心愿，渴望得到的东西牛刀小试
用desire，by desire，desire for的适当形式填空
(1)I’ll try to act according to your____________.
(2)She played a piece ____________.desireby desire(3)He has no ____________wealth.
(4)I had a _________to go swimming.
(5)They _________me to return soon.
(6)She ____________that you (should) see her at once.
desiresdesiredesiredesire for2How were you hired for the job?
你是怎样受雇于这个工作的？
品味经典
①We’d better hire a car for the weekend.
我们最好租一辆汽车在周末用。
②The owner of the house refused to hire the mowing done.
这所房屋的主人拒绝为已完毕的割草工作付钱。
自我探究
hire 租用，租；雇用，雇。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)We ________an advertising company to help us sell our new software.
A．hired B．hoped
C．considered D．thought解析：选A。hope 和think 后面都不能接不定式的复合结构；consider 后虽然能接不定式但必须是不定式的完成式。hire sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事。
完成句子
(2)雇主受鼓励雇用残疾的工人。
Employers are being encouraged __________________________.
(3)给男孩那些工钱是值得的，因为他干活很卖力。
The boy__________________because he is a hard worker.to hire disabled workersis worth his hire3Well，I’m a musical performer，but there was a short period when I was not working，and was just collecting unemployment benefits.
我是一位搞音乐的演员，但有段时间我没有工作，只是在领取失业金。
品味经典
①She spoke with feeling about the high rate of unemployment.
她针对失业率之高慷慨陈辞。
②An increase in crime is one of the by-products of unemployment.
犯罪率增加是失业问题造成的一种恶果。
自我探究
unemployment n. 失业。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)该企业号召职工购买其股票。
__________________________to purchase shares in the firm.
(2)邮差就是雇用来投递信件和包裹的人。Employees are encouraged A postman is a man _____________________letters and parcels.
(3)劳动仍会因就业的增加而获益。
Labor will still benefit by ____________________.
employed to delivera rise in employment(4)失业者不得不缩减商品和劳务的消费。
People who____________________have to reduce their consumption of goods and services.
become unemployed4One day，I saw a poster put_up by the production company’s Personnel Department，saying they were looking for singers.
有一天，我看到了这家制作公司的人事部张贴的一个海报，上面说他们正在招聘歌手。品味经典
①Put your hands up！Put them up!
举起手来！把它们举起来！
②Jasper has put up ‘No Parking’ signs outside his gate，but these have not had any effect.贾斯珀把几块“禁止停车”的牌子挂在大门外边，但这没有任何效果。
③We can put up ten people for the night at a pinch.
必要时我们可以留宿十个人。
④He put up an argument at the meeting.
他在会上提出了一个论据。
自我探究
put up 举起；建造；张贴；留宿；提出意见。
归纳拓展
牛刀小试
(1)The old man tore off the poster that the store had ________that they would sell their goods cheap.
A．put up to say
B．put up saying
C．put on to read
D．put on reading解析：选B。结合选项可知句意：“那老人撕下了那张由这家商店所张贴的海报，上面说他们要将货物便宜卖。” put up 张贴；put on 上演。say 要用现在分词形式作poster 的定语。
(2)It was dark.We decided to ________for the night at a farmhouse.
A．put away
B．put down
C．put up
D．put on
解析：选C。句意：“天黑了，我们决定在农舍里留宿。” put away 储存(钱)，把……收起；put down 写下，控制，击败，使(飞机)着陆；put up 张贴，作出，留宿；put on 伪装，表演，演出，穿上，戴上。
5I applied for the job，and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus.
我申请了这份工作，他们邀请我在合唱队中试演一个角色。
(1)apply for
品味经典
①He has applied for a position in the company.
他已在那家公司申请了一个职位。
②Wang Ming is applying for the scholarship，which he deserves.
王明正在申请奖学金，那是他应得的。
自我探究
apply for 申请，请求。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)After 15 years in the USA，he has finally decided to ________American citizenship.
A．concentrate on B．apply for
C．look out for D．appeal to解析：选B。句意：“在美国待了15年之后，最后他决定要申请美国国籍。” concentrate on 集中，专注于；apply for 运用，申请；look out for 当心，提防；appeal to 上诉。
完成句子
(2)他已申请在英国供职。
He has______________a post in England.
(3)把药涂在他的伤口上。
________medicine to his wound.applied forApply(4)这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。
This rule can’t ____________________every case.
(5)学生们应该专心致志地学习。
Students should _____________________their study.
be applied toapply themselves to(2)try out
品味经典
①My sister is trying out for the part of Snow-white.
我的妹妹正在试演白雪公主这一角色。
②Mike can’t help trying out his new car after buying it.
买到车，迈克就迫不及待地试开了。
自我探究
try out 测试；试验；try out for 意为“试演”，“参加……选拔”。
归纳拓展【助记】
③The boy student，who tried out for the school host last week，is now trying out the microphone.
正在试话筒的那个男学生上周参加了校园主持人的选拔。
完成句子
(6)姐妹俩都参加了选美大赛。
The two sisters ____________the beauty competition.
(7)试穿一下这件衣服，看看是否适合你。
____________the coat to see if it suits you.
tried out for Try on(8)琳达尽力独立完成了作业。
Linda ________________finish her homework by herself.tried her best to6 How did you feel taking part in Turandot?
参演《图兰朵》(这部歌剧)你觉得怎么样？
品味经典
①How did you feel attending the concert?
你觉得听音乐会怎么样？
②How do you find your new house?
你觉得你的新房子怎么样？③What do you think of the play?
你认为那出戏怎么样？
自我探究
“How do/did you feel doing sth.？”意为“你觉得……怎么样？”
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)How did you ________watching the performance?
A．plan B．consider
C．think D．feel解析：选D。句意：“观看这场演出你觉得怎么样？”“How do/did you feel doing sth.？”表示“你觉得……怎么样？”，为固定句型。
完成句子
(2)当你意识到你成为电影明星的时候你的感觉是怎么样的？
____________________you realized that you were becoming something of a film star?How did it feel when(3)你成为了一名俱乐部的新成员有何感想？
_________________________a new member of the club?
How do you feel becoming7It was a real opportunity for me to be cast.
我能被选上参加演出是个好机遇。
品味经典
①It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。
②It’s necessary for us to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes.
我们用一台短波收音机收听这些节目是必要的。③It is no good/use having a car if you can’t drive.
如果你不会开车，有车也没用。
自我探究
本句it 是形式主语，for me to be cast 是不定式的复合结构作主语。不定式复合结构的构成是“for sb.to do sth.”
当sb.与不定式是被动关系时，不定式用被动语态。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)It is obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.
A．as B．which
C．whether D．that解析：选D。句中it 为形式主语，that 引导的主语从句为真正的主语，that 仅起连接作用。
(2)________was funny watching myself on TV.
A．One B．This
C．It D．That
解析：选C。it 在句中作形式主语，动名词短语watching myself on TV 为真正的主语。
语法专题突破品味经典
1．This computer works well，but that one doesn’t.
这个电脑工作正常，但那个就不行。2．When pure，water is a colorless liquid.
水纯净时，是无色的液体。
3．When necessary，you can help us to do something.
必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。
自我探究
以上都是省略句，例①②③各省略了：work well；water is；it is。
讲解归纳
考点一 词法上的省略
1．动词不定式中的省略：有些动词，如：believe，find，think，feel，consider，imagine，prove 等后作宾补的结构“to be ＋n./adj.”中的to be 可以省略。如：I consider him (to be) lazy.我认为他很懒。
His mother found him(to be)a clever boy.
他母亲发觉他是个聪明的孩子。
2．感官动词see，hear，feel，watch，notice 等以及使役动词let，make，have后作宾补的动词不定式中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动语态时，to 必须保留。
They made the boy go to bed early.
他们强迫这个男孩早睡。The boy was made to go to bed early.
这个男孩被迫早睡。
3．在can not but，can not choose but,can not help but 之后的动词不定式一般不带to；but之前有实义动词do 的某个形式(do，does，did，done)时，也不带to，否则要带to。We have nothing to do now but wait.
我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。
He has no choice but to accept the fact.
除了接受这个事实他别无选择。
4．在并列结构中为了避免重复可省去后一个to；但两个不定式有对照或对比的意义时，则后一个to 不能省略。I’m really puzzled what to think or say.
我真不知道该怎么想，怎么说才好。
I came not to scold but to praise you.
我来不是责备你，而是表扬你。
5．在why，why not 引出的特殊疑问句中，后跟省略to 的动词不定式。
Why talk so much about it?
为什么大谈这个事呢？
6．动词不定式中动词原形部分是否省略，主要看句子前面是否已出现过同样的动词。如果句子前面出现过同样的动词，为了避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to。
Don’t go till I tell you to.
直到我告诉你去，你才可以去。
考点二 句法上的省略
1．简单句中的省略
(1)感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。
What a hot day (it is)！多热的天啊！
(2)在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。(Will you)Have a smoke？你抽烟吗？
(Is there)Anything else to say?
还有别的要说吗？
2．并列句中的省略
(1)如果主语不同，而谓语中的一部分相同，则省略谓语中相同的部分。
John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。
(2)主语相同， 谓语也相同，则二者都可以省略。His suggestion made John happy，but (his suggestion made) Mary angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气.
(3)主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语。
Danny gave up smoking for a while，but (he) soon returned to his old habit.丹尼戒了一阵子烟，可很快又开始抽了。
3．复合句中的省略
(1)宾语从句中的省略
在宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,只有第一个连词that 可以省略。
I wished (that) we could go sightseeing in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back in Shanghai.我希望我们今年夏天到杭州去玩玩，并在返回的路上到上海买点书。(2)状语从句中的省略
当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句谓语中有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。此类状语从句的省略有如下情况：
①在as，before，till，when，while 等引导的时间状语从句中。While (I was) waiting，I was reading some magazines.
我一边看杂志，一边等。
When (it was) found，the book was dirty.
当被发现时，那本书很脏。
②在though，although等引导的让步状语从句中。
Though (they were) tired，they went on working.虽然(他们)累了，但他们继续工作。
③在if，unless(＝if...not)等引导的条件状语从句中。
You shouldn’t come to his party unless (you are) invited.
除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的晚会。
④在as，as if，as though等引导的方式状语从句中。
He did as (he was) told.他按要求去做了.
课件166张PPT。Section Ⅲ Task & Project速效提能演练重点难点探究 Section Ⅲ写作专题突破重点难点探究1This man deserves his status as one of the most popular composers in Western musical history.
在西方的音乐史上，这个人获得了最受欢迎的作曲家之一的地位。品味经典
①Women’s social status hasn’t changed much over the years.
这些年来妇女的社会地位没有多大改变。
②He is after wealth and status.
他追求财富和地位。③What’s the status of the peace talks?
目前和谈的情况如何？
自我探究
status n．地位；身份；重要地位；要人身份；情形，状况，状态。
易混辨析
condition，state，status，situation，circumstance牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)The clothes a person wears may express his________or social position.
A．curiosity B．status
C．determination D．significance解析：选B。句意：“一个人的衣着打扮显示了他的身份和社会地位。” status 指身份，地位，符合题意。
完成句子
(2)正是这些，提高了科学的地位和声望。
These are the things that give science _____________________.
its status and fame2His father was a successful composer and served as his first musical tutor.
他的父亲是一个成功的作曲家，是他的第一个音乐老师。
品味经典
①The man served as a soldier in the war.
这个人在战时当过兵。
②Let those who can serve as teachers.
能者为师。
③It serves as a lesson to him.
这对他来说是一个教训。
自我探究
serve as 担任，用作……，起……作用。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)In a way，I’m glad you made that mistake，for it will ________warning to you.
A．serve as B．regard as
C．insist on D．adapt to解析：选A。句意：“在某种意义上来说，你犯那个错误我倒很高兴，因为那个错误会对你起警告作用。”这里要选择的选项的意思必须是“起……作用”。regard sth.as 把某物看作……；insist on 坚持做某事；adapt to 适应；serve as 担任，起……作用。
完成句子
(2)还可不可以作为各国的模范？
Can it still ____________________for all countries?
(3)这个房间可作书房用。
This room can ________________a study.serve as the example serve as3In 1782，Mozart gave up the life of a bachelor and got married.
在1782年，莫扎特结束了单身汉的生活，结婚了。
品味经典
①The suspects gave themselves up.
这些嫌疑犯投降了。
②She gave herself up to her work.
她献身于她自己的工作。③We had given the dog up at last；it would have been lost.
最后我们就当那只狗已经走失了，而不再存有指望。
自我探究
give up 意思是：投降，放弃；对……失去希望。
归纳拓展
give away 泄露；赠送
give back 归还
give in 递交，呈送；投降
give off 放出；散发出
give out 放出；耗尽，用尽
give over 托付，委托；停止
give birth to 生孩子
give rise to 引起；使发生
give way(to) 屈服，让步；破裂
牛刀小试
(1)Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story，or it may ________the shocking end.
A．give away B．give out
C．give up D．give off
解析：选A。句意：“别在故事开头就提到那一点，不然的话就会把那令人震惊的结尾泄露了。” give away 泄露，赠送；give out 发出，分发；give up 放弃，抛弃；give off 发出，放出。(2)He didn’t ________maths because he didn’t lose heart.
A．give in B．give up
C．give out D．give back
解析：选B。句意：“他没有放弃数学，因为他没有失去信心。”give up 意为“放弃”。
4At home，his mother sang folk songs,which helped develop his interest in music.
在家里，他母亲经常唱民歌，这有助于提高他对音乐的兴趣。
品味经典
①As teachers，we should help students develop an interest in learning instead of making them learn.
作为老师，我们应该帮助学生培养学习兴趣而不是迫使他们学习。②Fresh air and exercise develop healthy bodies.
新鲜空气加上体育锻炼造就了健康的体魄。
自我探究
develop an/one’s interest in(doing)sth.对(做)某事产生兴趣。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
One of the best ways for us to keep fit is to________a healthy eating habit.
A．grow B．develop
C．increase D．make解析：选B。考查固定搭配。句意：“保持我们身体健康的最好方法之一就是养成健康的饮食习惯。” develop a habit 养成习惯，故选B。
5Mozart was Tchaikovsky’s favourite composer and he influenced Tchaikovsky’s life and work.
莫扎特是柴可夫斯基最喜欢的作曲家,他对柴可夫斯基的生活和工作有很大的影响。
品味经典
①My teacher’s influence made me study science at college.
由于我老师的影响，我上大学学了理科。
②Will you exercise your influence over my behalf?你愿意运用你的权力给我帮忙吗？
③Those friends are a bad influence on her.
那些朋友对她有负面的影响。
自我探究
influence 表示“影响力，感化力”常与on/over连用，另外还可以指有影响的人或事物。
归纳拓展④I don’t want to influence you.You must decide for yourself.我不想影响你。你必须自行决定。
牛刀小试
(1)What exactly is the ________of television on children?
A．affect B．influence
C．effort D．affection解析：选B。句意：“电视对孩子们的影响究竟是什么？” affect 意为“影响”，但它是动词；influence 意为“影响”，名词；effort 意为“努力，成果”，名词；affection 意为“感情，爱慕”，名词，根据句意应选B。
(2)His parents no longer have any real influence ________him.
A．at B．for
C．over D．to
解析：选C。从句意来看，influence意为“控制力”，故与它搭配的介词是over。
6 Because of his musical talent，Tchaikovsky toured many countries as a conductor，including a voyage to the USA in 1891.
因为他的音乐天赋，柴可夫斯基作为一名指挥到过很多国家，这也包括1891年的美国之旅。
品味经典
①The voyage from America to France used to take two months.
从美国到法国的航行过去要花两个月时间。②Going to college can be a voyage of self-discovery.
上大学可以算作自我发现之旅。
自我探究
voyage 用作名词，航海，航行，乘船旅游[C]；太空旅行[C]。
归纳拓展
voyage 用作动词表示“航海，航空，航行，旅行”。
voyage 表示“远行，航行”，通常接动词make，take 或go on 等；表示到某地航行，通常用介词to。③I hope to make/take/go on a long sea voyage.
我希望到海上作长途航行。
④They made a voyage across the ocean.
他们坐船横渡大洋。
易混辨析
voyage，journey，trip，tour，travel
牛刀小试
(1)Zheng He succeeded in making a ________across the Atlantic for the purpose of developing the relationship with the other countries.
A．travel B．voyage
C．journey D．tour
解析：选B。voyage 是指航海，旅行；journey是指在地面上且路程较长的旅行；travel 是指“旅游”这一动作；tour是“旅游”较规范书面的说法。
(2)The young couple decided to make a ________around Europe for their honeymoon.A．voyage B．journey
C．travel D．tour
解析：选D。voyage 专指横跨海洋的水上远程旅行，现在也可指空中旅行；journey常指去某地的旅行，路程长短不限，时间不限，一般指陆地上的旅行，而且有预定的地点，但不一定包括回程；travel 泛指旅行；tour 指环游。
7The album included the song ‘The sound of Silence’，which was a number one hit on the pop charts.
这个专辑包含有一首名列流行歌曲排行榜之首的歌曲《寂静之声》。
品味经典
①The new play is the hit of the season.
这出新戏是本季最叫座的。
②That song was a hit last year.
那首歌在去年风行一时。
③The concert was quite a hit in Chicago.
这场音乐会在芝加哥曾轰动一时。
自我探究
hit n．成功而风行一时的事物或人。
归纳拓展④A bullet hit him on the leg.一颗子弹击中了他的腿。
⑤The ship hit a rock and wrecked.船触礁撞毁了。
⑥The Japanese yen hit an all-time high last week on the money markets.日元上周在货币市场上达到历史最高点。
⑦We hit the main road two kilometers further on.
我们又走了两千米才到达大路上。
⑧We were all hit by the depression.
我们都受到了经济不景气的影响。
⑨Price increases hit everyone’s pocket.物价上涨冲击了每个人的钱袋。
⑩The area was hit by the floods.
这一地区遭到洪水袭击。
?The death of her son has hit her hard.
她儿子的死使她悲痛欲绝。
易混辨析
beat，hit，strike
牛刀小试
(1)Only after the second tower of the World Trade Centre________did people know it was not an accident，but an attack of some kind.
A．had hit B．did fall
C．was hit D．was fallen
解析：选C。only 引导状语或状语从句并放在句首时，主句要用倒装结构。由于这里要选择的是状语从句中的谓语动词，故不用倒装，可排除B项；fall只表示“下落，跌倒”，世贸中心并不是“垮掉”的，而是被“袭击”。hit 袭击，所以选C。
(2)The song was ________at once and its recording tape rose to No.1 on the best-seller list.
A．a hit B．range
C．reach D．a top
解析：选A。句意：“这首歌立刻风行一时，它的录音带的销售升到畅销排行榜的第一名。”显然B、C两项的含义不符；D项要用复数形式才表示此含义。
(3)Television has ________the cinema industry very hard.
A．beat B．hit
C．struck D．beaten
解析：选B。beat 意为“击败”，若选A项，则句中没必要用hard；hit意为“对……打击”，显然与句意相符。
8Simon and Garfunkel split_up in 1970.
在1970年西蒙和加芬克尔分开了。品味经典
①That party split up into two groups.
这个政党分裂成两个小集团。
②After the meeting we split up and went home.
散会以后，我们就分手回家了。
自我探究
split up 意为“分手，分裂，破裂，离婚”.
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)Don’t you tell me you’ve ________another pair of pants!
A．separated B．divided
C．split D．burst解析：选C。separate 分开，分离；divide 划分，分割；split 分裂，使裂开；burst 爆发，爆裂。句意：“你该不会说你又绷裂了一条裤子吧！”
(2)He demanded a 50-50 ________in the profits after they sold their goods.
A．split B．spare
C．slice D．piece解析：选A。句意：“他要求货物售出后利润五五分成”。split 裂缝，份额；spare 备用零件；slice 片段，薄片；piece 件，部分。由此可以看出，只有split 才可以表示“份额”。
(3)Ten years later，the organization ________，and all the members had to go home.
A．cut up B．broke in
C．divided up D．split up
解析：选D。考查动词短语的含义和用法。句意：“十年之后，这个组织解体了，所有的成员不得不回家。” cut up 切碎；和divide up 分，分配；都是及物动词短语，所以排除A和C项；break in插嘴；split up解体。故选D。
9From the early 1930s to the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a gradual decline，and was replaced by a new musical trend known as rhythm and blues，...从20世纪30年代早期到20世纪50年代早期，传统的爵士乐渐渐走向没落，流行趋势被一种叫作节奏蓝调的新音乐所取代，……
品味经典
There is a decline in real wages.
实际工资有所减少。
自我探究
decline n. 下降；减少；衰退，衰落。
归纳拓展
decline vt. 下降，下跌；减少；衰退，衰落
vi. 婉拒，谢绝(＋to＋v.)
易混辨析
decline，refuse，reject
牛刀小试
(1)She ________to have lunch with her friend，saying that she wasn’t feeling well.
A．declined B．refused
C．objects D．disagrees解析：选A。由于从句中用了一般过去时，就可排除C、D两项；decline表示委婉地拒绝，而refuse 表示很直接地拒绝，从saying 后的内容可知她的拒绝是比较委婉的。
(2)I had to ________Jack’s invitation to the party because I would have an important business meeting to attend then.
A．decline B．depart
C．devote D．deserve
解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不得不拒绝杰克的聚会邀请，因为到时候我将有一个重要的商业会议要参加。” decline 拒绝；depart 出发；devote 奉献；deserve 值得。故选A。
(3)Over the past decades，ice in the oceans ________due to global warming.
A．declined
B．is declining
C．has been declining
D．had declined
解析：选C。考查动词时态。句意：“在过去的几十年里，由于全球变暖海洋中的冰一直在减少。”根据时间状语over the past decades(多与现在完成时连用)，我们就可以排除其他选项，直接选C项，表示“冰在减少”这件事一直在发生，侧重于强调对现在造成的影响。
10In the early 1950s，a record company owner from Memphis，Tennessee，Sam Philips，sought to bring rock music to white audiences.
在20世纪50年代早期，一位来自田纳西州孟菲斯城的唱片公司老板萨姆·菲利普斯试图将摇滚乐带给白人听众。
品味经典
①I have never sought to hide my views.
我从不企图隐瞒自己的观点。
②You must seek permission from the manager.
你需请求经理批准。③They are seeking (for) solutions to current problems.
他们正在寻找对目前问题的解决方法。
自我探究
seek v. 寻找；探索；追求；企图；试图。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我们必须寻求解决问题的办法。
We must____________a solution to the problem.seek for(2)他试图欺骗父母，但白费心机。
He____________cheat his parents but in vain.
sought to11Because of the prejudice and racial discrimination of the time，he knew that he had to use white singers or the records might not get played on the radio.
由于当时的偏见和种族歧视，他知道他必须启用白人歌手，否则唱片就可能无法在广播中播出。
品味经典
①I haven’t got one particle of race prejudice.
我没有任何种族偏见的。
②He has a prejudice in our favor.
他对我们很偏袒。
自我探究
prejudice n. 偏见，歧视；偏爱，偏袒。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)What made you so_______________________________(对流行音乐有如此偏见)?
(2)The teacher’s ___________________________
(老师对汤姆的偏袒)made other students envy him.
prejudiced against pop musicprejudice in favour of Tom12However，even though the Beatles broke up in 1970，...
但是尽管披头士1970年就解散了……
品味经典
①The meeting broke up at eleven o’clock.
会议在十一点散会。②Police were called in to break up the meeting.
出动了警察将集会驱散。
自我探究
break up 解散，散去；期末放假。
归纳拓展牛刀小试
(1)Sorry，I’m late，for my car________on the half way.
A．broke up
B．broke off
C．broke down
D．broke away解析：选C。句意：“对不起，我来迟了，因为我的车在半路上坏了。” break up 瓦解，打碎，分解；break off 断绝，折断，中断；break down 崩溃，发生故障，打破；break away 逃跑，突然离开。
(2)—I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have________.
—So am I．They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A．broken up B．finished up
C．divided up D．closed up
解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：“——听说苏和保罗分手了，我很惊讶。——我也是。我上次看到他们时，他们看起来还很幸福呢。” break up 断绝关系；分手。finish up 完成；以……结束；最终到来。divide up 分担，分配，分享；close up 靠近；阻塞；(伤口)愈合。故选A。
13His motherland was Austria，where he was born on 27 January 1756.
他的祖国是奥地利，在那里他于1756年1月27日出生。品味经典
①This is the house where Chairman Mao was born.
这就是毛主席诞生的那座房子。
②She went to a musical school，where she studied pipa and guzheng.
她上了一所音乐学校，在那里她学琵琶和古筝。自我探究
该句型是where引导的非限制性定语从句。
归纳拓展
(1)where 无论引导限制性定语从句，还是非限制性定语从句，都在句中作状语。(2)where 还可用作连词，引导地点状语从句，“在……的地方或方向”。 (3)where 还可用作连接副词，引导名词性从句。
③Where there is no rain，farming is difficult or impossible.
在不下雨的地方农业种植是困难的或根本不可能。④This is where the experiment was done.
这就是做实验的地方。(where引导表语从句)
牛刀小试
Life is like a long race ________we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A．why B．what
C．that D．where
解析：选D。考查定语从句，因设空前有先行词a long race。
14‘Rock Around the Clock’ caused rock music to be recognized as its own,separate style，and made it popular around the world.
《昼夜摇滚》使得摇滚音乐作为它独有的、独立的风格所认可，并使它在全世界流行起来。
品味经典
①They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important job.
他们想让公众清楚他们做的是一件重要的工作。②He makes it a rule to take part in some physical labor though he is old.
虽然年龄大了，他仍习惯于参加一些体力劳动。
自我探究
make＋宾语＋宾语补足语是一个常用句型，作宾语补足语的可以是动词原形、形容词、名词或过去分词。
归纳拓展
(1)如果make后的宾语是不定式或从句,宾语补足语是形容词或名词，这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，把真正的宾语放在后面。find，feel，think,take等动词也可这样用。 即：
①make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth.②make＋it＋no good/no use/no value,etc.＋doing sth.
(2)含有it作形式宾语的句子。,含有it作形式主语的句子在句中充当宾语从句时，可以变为it＋形容词/名词＋to do/doing/that-clause的结构。这时的it为形式宾语，而原来真正的主语则成为宾语补足语。
(3)It’s＋adj./n.＋(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.为常用句型，表示“干……(对某人来说)是……”。
注意：若动词原形作make的补语时，变被动语态时，动词前必须加“to”。
牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我为了一个约会而被迫等了两个小时。
I was made ________________two hours for an appointment.to wait (2)他公开宣布他不打算竞选连任。
He ________________that he would not be running for re-election.
(3)她有必要多多休息。
It was ___________________ to have more time to rest.made it knownnecessary for her (4)我认为为这件事情和他争吵是没用的。
I consider ________________________with him about it.
it no use quarrelling15While the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to.
尽管蓝调音乐非常受欢迎，但作为一种音乐形式，它缺少变化，而且太伤感，节奏太慢，不适合跳舞时伴奏。
品味经典
①While he loves his students，he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对学生们很严格。②While Reyes admits that he has enjoyed a quick rise to the top, the road to success has not always been smooth.
尽管Reyes 承认他享有这种迅速成名的幸福，但是成功之路并不是一帆风顺的。
自我探究
以上各句中while 引导让步状语从句。
归纳拓展③There will be life while there is water and air.
只要有空气和水，就有生命。
④While the book is welcomed by scholars，it will make an immediate appeal to the general readers.这本书受到学者的欢迎，同时也会引起一般读者的兴趣。
⑤Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。(谚语)
牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)He sat for a while，thinking about what Janice had said to him.
__________________________________________________________________他坐了一会儿，想着贾尼丝跟他说过的话。(2)While she is a likeable girl she can be extremely difficult to work with.
__________________________________________________________________
她虽然是一个可爱的姑娘，但有时很难与她共事。(3)English is understood all over the world while Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.
__________________________________________________________________
英语世界通行，但土耳其语离开本土就很少有人说了译文助读
From the blues to pop
Early jazz
Today I will take a brief look at how Western music progressed from the blues to pop. Modern pop music has its roots in the folk songs of black Americans held in slavery. During the early part of the 19th century, black musicians used these folk songs to create a kind of music called the blues, because it had a tendency to be very sad. While the blues was popular, as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to.Thus, from the blues, there sprung up a faster, livelier kind of music called jazz.
Louis Armstrong, a black trumpet player and singer, was one of the fathers of jazz.Unlike most musicians who played the music as it was written, he would change the music as he was playing it to reflect his feelings at the time. Other musicians began to copy his style and the liberty he brought to his music.The ability to adapt the music while it is being played is one of the major characteristics of jazz.
From R & B to rock and roll
From the early 1930s to the early 1950s, traditional jazz went into a gradual decline, and was replaced by a new musical trend known as rhythm and blues, or R & B．R & B wasthen—and now—often thought of as a form of African-American music.It combined the fast pace of many kinds of jazz with the older blues sound.During the early 1950s, one particular style of R & B became popular—rock and roll.
One of the first rock and roll musicians was Big Joe Turner.He was a black American singer who had started out performing jazz in the 1920s, and then turned to R & B in the 1940s.In 1954，he recorded one of the very first rock and roll songs, ‘Shake, Rattle and Roll’．
This became a hit on the R & B charts, and then was recorded by Bill Haley and the Comets, a white band, and became a hit on the pop charts.Bill Haley and the Comets then recorded ‘Rock Around the Clock’， which became the number one hit of 1955.‘Rock Around the Clock’caused rock music to be recognized as its own，separate style, and made it popular around the world.
In the early 1950s, a record company owner from Memphis, Tennessee, Sam Philips, sought to bring rock music to white audiences. Because of the prejudice and racial discrimination of the time, he knew that he had to use white singers or the records might not get played on the radio.In 1954, Elvis Presley made his first record for Philips.
Within two years, Presley became the most popular music star in the world, and even today he is known as ‘the King of Rock and Roll’．He had seventeen number one songs and ten number one albums.Only one musical act has sold more records.
1960s pop music
With sales of more than 1 billion records, the British pop group known as the Beatles was the supreme rock and roll band of the 1960s.The Beatles brought Western pop music to audiences around the world. Wherever the Beatles went, there was a phenomenon called ‘Beatlemania’—thousands of fans would surround them, screaming and going crazy
trying to see them.In 1965, the Beatles held a concert at Shea Stadium in New York that was attended by approximately 55,000 people. It was one of the first concerts held in a sports stadium and perhaps the largest concert held up to that time.In many, many ways, the Beatles
were pioneers for what was to come: Nowadays, concerts held in sports stadiums are common, and it seemsthat every few years there is a new boy band trying to bring back the magic of the Beatles.However, even though the Beatles broke up in 1970, no group since has ever come close to being as popular or selling as many records.从蓝调音乐到流行乐
早期爵士乐
今天我将简要地回顾一下西方音乐是如何从蓝调音乐发展到
流行乐的。现代流行音
乐起源于奴隶制时期美
国黑人的民歌。在19世纪早期，黑人音乐家们根据这些民歌创造了一种音乐形式叫“蓝调音乐(又译布鲁斯)”，因为这种音乐往往比较忧伤。尽管蓝调音乐非常受欢迎，但作为一种音乐形式，它缺少变化，而且太伤感、节奏太慢，不适合跳舞时伴奏。因此，从蓝调音乐中发展出一种更轻快、更活泼的音乐形式，叫作爵士乐。
黑人小号手及歌手路易斯·阿姆斯特朗是爵士乐创始人之一。与其他大部分按照写好的乐谱演奏的音乐家不同，他会在演奏时即兴改变原来的曲子，以反映他演奏时的心情。
其他的乐手开始模仿他的风格以及他赋予音乐的自由。在演奏时可以即兴改编音乐成为爵士乐的主要特征之一。
从节奏蓝调到摇滚乐
从20世纪30年代初期到20世纪50年代初期,传统的爵士乐渐渐走向没落，被一种叫作节奏蓝调(节奏布鲁斯摇摆乐)或R&B的新音乐趋势所取代。R&B在当时——以及现在——常常被认为是一种美国黑人音乐的形式。它把多种爵士乐的明快节奏与传统的蓝调音乐融合起来。在20世纪50年代早期，一种特定风格的R&B开始流行——摇滚乐。第一代摇滚乐乐手之一就是胖子乔·特纳。他是一名美国黑人歌手，20世纪20年代开始演奏爵士乐，到20世纪40年代转向表演R&B。 1954年，他录制了最原始的摇滚乐曲之一《晃动、吵闹和摇滚》。
这首乐曲成了R&B歌曲排行榜的轰动曲目，后来比尔·哈利和白人乐队“彗星”重新灌唱了这支乐曲，使它成为流行音乐排行榜上的热门歌曲。比尔·哈利和“彗星”乐队后来又录制了《昼夜摇滚》，这是1955年冠军单曲。《昼夜摇滚》让摇滚乐作为一种特有的、独立的音乐风格为人们所认可，使它在全世界流行起来。
在20世纪50年代早期，一位来自田纳西州孟菲斯城的唱片公司老板萨姆·菲利普斯试图将摇滚乐带给白人听众。由于当时的偏见和种族歧视，他知道他必须启用白人歌手，否则唱片就可能无法在广播中播出。1954年，埃尔维斯·普雷斯利为菲利普斯录制了他的第一张唱片。不到两年，普雷斯利成为世界上最闪耀的流行音乐明星，即使今日，他仍被称为“摇滚乐之王”。他有17首冠军单曲和10张冠军专辑。只有一个音乐组合曾售出更多唱片。
20世纪60年代的流行音乐
拥有超过10亿张的唱片销量，英国流行乐队“披头士”(或译“甲壳虫”)是20世纪60年代首屈一指的摇滚乐队。“披头士”将西方的流行音乐带给了全世界的听众。无论“披头士”到哪里，都会出现一种“披头士狂热”现象——成千的歌迷围住他们，尖叫着，疯狂地想见他们一面。1965年，披头士乐队在纽约谢伊露天体育馆举办了音乐会，大约有五万五千人参加。这是首批在体育馆中举办的音乐会中的一场,可能也是截至当时最大规模的音乐会。
在许多方面，披头士是引领未来的先锋。如今，在体育馆中举办音乐会已经很平常，而且似乎每过几年就会有一个新的男孩乐队出现，尝试重现披头士的魅力。但是，尽管披头士在1970年就解散了,从那以后没有一个乐队能够望其项背.如此受欢迎，并销售出如此多的唱片.
写作专题突破【写作要求】
根据表内信息写一篇介绍Bill Gates(比尔·盖茨)的短文，词数：不少于150。参考词汇：股票 stock
【要点词汇】
1．出生于_________________
2．到……时 ________________
3．把……捐给…________________
4．次年 ____________________be born on/inby the time...donate...to...the following year5．辞去职务 ________________
6．决定干某事
_______________________________
resign the postmake up one’s mind to do sth.【句式结构】
1．比尔·盖茨1955年10月28日出生于Seattle一个富裕的家庭。
Bill Gates ________________October 28,1955________a wealthy family in Seattle.was born on in2．到他17岁时，盖茨卖出了第一个软件，收入了4200美元。
______________he was 17，Gates ____________his first program，which _______________________.By the timehad soldbrought him US $4,2003．次年，股票价格急升，盖茨一跃成为世界上最年轻的自创亿万富翁。
_____________________，the stock price __________________，making him the youngest self-made billionaire in the world.
went up sharplyThe following year4．2008年6月他决定把所有资产——约580亿美元捐给他名下的比尔·梅琳达盖茨基金会。
In June 2008，Bill Gates ___________________to________ all his wealth—about 58 billion dollars _____Bill & Miranda Gates foundation.made up his minddonateto【连句成篇】
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【佳作欣赏】
Bill Gates was born on October 28,1955 in a wealthy family in Seattle.He was a naughty but gifted child.At the age of 13，he began programming in the BASIC language. By the time he was 17，Gates had sold his first program.The deal brought him US $4,200.
Bill Gates and his Harvard classmates founded Microsoft in 1975.In March 1986，Microsoft stock went public. The following year，the stock price went up sharply, making him the youngest self-made billionaire in the world.However, Gates resigned his post in the company in 2000.And in June 2008, he made up his mind to donate all his wealth—about 58 billion
dollars to Bill & Miranda Gates foundation，a charity organization.
【类文点津】
写人物传记时要注意以下方面：
1．尊重客观事实，选材要真实。2．选材要有所侧重，不必面面俱到，可以选取一件事或者几件事来突出其某一方面,凸显人物的特点。
3．文章逻辑要严谨，故事要生动感人。
4．时态可以视情况而定——可以用过去时写人物的过去情况，也可以用现在时写人物的现在情况。
课件14张PPT。Unit 2 The universal language 教材背景链接In music one must think with heart and feel with the brain. —Victor Hugo
音乐要用心灵去听，用头脑去感觉。
——维克多·雨果Music has charms to smooth a savage breast，to soften rocks or bend a knotted oak.
—William Congreve，British dramatist
音乐有着抚慰粗野的胸怀、软化顽石或使千年老树弯腰的魅力。
——英国剧作家康格里夫W音乐是潺潺的清泉，音乐是澎湃的大海，音乐是世界上最美妙的语言。
Picture yourself sitting lazily in a lounge bar, having your favorite drink along with a few of your friends. You let off a few jokes, discuss the latest news and trends and let your soul and body relax from the everydaystyle of urban working.Now imagine all this without music! Feel out of place? I bet you do.Even if you don’t recall a single melody or flow of notes, still your subconscious has been catching all the music played in the background. Slowly easing and swaying to the rhythm, you enjoy the atmosphere that is created around.
Music is called the universal language of the world for many reasons.First and the foremost, music is made up of 7 main notes. No matter what part of the world you are in, and what instrument you play, all the music created is one of the 7 notes.There may be different names for all 7 notes in different parts of the world, but for the performer, they are still the same.
Secondly music, being a form of art, can reach the deepest part of your heart and soul.You don’t have to be a patient or a psychologist to understand music.As long as any melody and rhythm make you feel yourself, it is the best doctor a person can find, and bestremedy anyone can recommend.Thirdly music, like any other language, can express any and every type of emotion.But where it scores more is where the words fall short of expressing, music can go on and on voicing all that you ever want to say.
Music therapy is even effective on animals and plants.There have been studies carried out and research done on this and findings show that plants and trees that grow in company of good music show a growth percentage much more than normal ones that live without the aid of music. Animals, too, reflect their behavioral pattern much better when exposed to music.
Music has evolved along with man and its civilization.Old cultures like India, China and some parts of Middle East have a very long history of civilizationand their music is far more intricate and complex than some of their western counterparts.For example, in India, there are 2 main forms of music, distinct in its tonic quality and geographical location.
No matter how much evolved a form of music is or how sophisticated its approach, music touches everyone’s soul.If you do not connect to any music, you probably are losing a part of yourself. Let’s celebrate this form of art with a quote by Shakespeare, “If music be the food of life, play on.”
Read the paragraph and answer the following questions.
1．What is the most important reason why music is called the universal language of the world?
_____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
1.Because no matter what part of the world you are in，and what instrument you play，all the music is made up of 7 main notes.,2．Why can music be used as therapy to cure patients?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Because it can reach the deepest part of your heart and soul and voice all that you ever want to say.课件118张PPT。Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading速效提能演练预习多维感知 Section Ⅰ重点难点探究预习多维感知?Step One：Fast Reading
Read the e-mail about “Visiting the masters” quickly and choose the best answers.
1．________is a type of art where things are represented as geometric shapes.AA．Cubism
B．Impressionism
C．Portrait
D．Still life2．The artists who had many professions mentioned in the passage are________.
A．Picasso and Monet
B．Monet and Rembrandt
C．Van Gogh and Leonardo da Vinci
D．Picasso and Leonardo da VinciD3．If you want to see the works of Claude Monet，you should go to________.
A．the Louvre Museum
B．the Musée d’Orsay
C．Amsterdam
D．the city of MálagaB4．________is not the works of art made by van Gogh.
A．The Night Watch
B．The Potato Eaters
C．Starry Night
D．The SunflowerA5．According to the text，the following cities all have art museums EXCEPT________.
A．Paris B．Málaga
C．Amsterdam D．London
D?Step Two：Careful Reading
Ⅰ.How well did you understand the details of the e-mail？Read it again and answer the following questions.1．What did Li Ming do in Paris?
_________________________________
_________________________________
He went to the Louvre Museum
and the Musée d’Orsay. 2．What can be seen in the Louvre Museum?
_________________________________Mona Lisa.3．What did da Vinci do besides painting?
_________________________________
_________________________________He was also an architect，an engineer
and a scientist.4．In which museum can you see Monet’s works?
_________________________________Musée d’Orsay. 5．Where is the Van Gogh Museum?
_________________________________It is in Amsterdam.6．In which city will Li Ming see Rembrandt’s paintings?
_________________________________Amsterdam.Ⅱ.Read the e-mail carefully and complete the table below with the correct information.representingBesidesvaluearchitecturebornaffectionfloateddevoted1890famous?Step Three：Summary
There have been many great European painters，but it is subjective to say who was actually the best.One of the earliest was Leonardo da Vinci，an1.____________painter，who was born in 1452.As well as being a painter, da Vinci was also a 2.____________，an architect，and an engineer. He had an appetite for life and enjoyed exploring the workings of objects and animals.ItalianscientistHe was famous as a scientist，especially for his discoveries in 3.____________.His great artistic masterpiece was Mona Lisa，a painting whose value cannot be 4.___________，
and which can be seen in a Paris museum called the5.____________.astronomycalculatedLouvreThe Netherlands is another country with many famous artists，including van Gogh. He painted a lot of 6.____________scenes，including Starry Night.He was known for a style called Impressionism.Although we admire him today，naturehe was never7.____________.With the assistance of his brother，he sold one painting.Spanish artist Pablo Picasso
was a 8.____________painter.
He worked outside the framework of accepted styles and rules of painting. successfultalentedIn fact，he abandoned them and starting from scratch，
9.______________a style of art known as Cubism，which is a type of 10.____________painting.
createdabstract?Step Four：Discussion
What do you think about the great painters of Europe？Have a discussion with your partner.
__________________________________________________________________重点难点探究1Abstract art is about shapes，colours and textures rather than objects.
抽象艺术是关于形状、颜色和材质而不是物体的。品味经典
①We often talk about beautiful things.However，what is beauty is abstract to us.
我们经常谈论美好的东西，可是什么是美对我们来说是抽象的。②Language is an essential ingredient of abstract thought.
语言是抽象思维的主要成分之一。
自我探究
abstract adj.抽象的；n.摘要，概要。归纳拓展
abstractly adv.抽象地，理论上
abstractness n.抽象性
abstract science理论科学
an abstract idea抽象概念brief abstract简易文摘
abstract sb.’s attention from...
从……上转移开某人的注意
be abstract to sb.对某人来说是抽象的
in the abstract抽象地，观念上，理
论上
牛刀小试
单句改错
(1)Ideas are abstract for all of us；we can’t see them. __________for→to(2)The beauty itself is abstract.
_________________________________
(3)Her ideas seem a few abstract.
_________________________________The beauty→Beautyfew→little2Málaga is a lovely city and the architecture is beautiful.
马拉加是一个可爱的城市，建筑很
美丽。品味经典
I really like some classical Chinese architecture.
我真的很喜欢一些中国古典建筑。自我探究
architecture n．[U]建筑；建筑学。牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)她主修建筑学。
She majors in________________.
(2)这座教堂是由一名英国建筑师设计的。architectureThe church was designed by an English__________.
architect3By popular consensus，this is the most valuable painting in the world—it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market.举世公认，这幅画是世界上最珍贵的油画作品——如果这幅画到市场上出售，不可能估算出它可以达到什么
价格。品味经典
①He is very talented for calculating.
他非常有计算才能。
②One can calculate how long it would take for the earth to stop as a result of this resistance.人们可以算出,作为这种阻力的结果,
地球需要多长时间才会停下来。
自我探究
calculate vi.&vt.计算。归纳拓展
calculator n.计算器
calculated adj.计算的，有计划的
calculation n.计算，盘算，估计，推测
calculate the consequence of推测……的结果calculate the result算出结果
calculate the cost of a journey估计旅游所需费用
be calculated for sth.制定某事的计划
be calculated to do sth.适于做某事
calculate on sth.指望某事calculate on one’s help指望某人的帮助
It is calculated that...据计算……牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)The scientists are able to ________accurately when the spaceship will reach the moon.
A．add B．calculate
C．figure D．make out解析：选B。句意为“科学家们能精确地计算出飞船什么时候会到达月
球”。很显然，这里的时间的计算绝不只是某些数字的简单相加，故可排除add和figure这两个选项，它们只表示把数字进行相加；make out意为“辨认出”，也可排除。完成句子
(2)你不能指望我的帮助。
You can’t____________my help.
(3)我估计我们要花六个小时才能到达马德里。
_________________it will take us six hours to get to Madrid.calculate onI calculate (that)4Besides the works of da Vinci，the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings，ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century.除了达·芬奇的作品，卢浮宫里还藏有其他欧洲画家从13世纪到19世纪创作的六千余件作品。品味经典
①His studies range over several languages.
他的研究涉及数种语言。
②Prices range between$7 and $10.
售价在7美元和10美元之间。③The library has ranges of books in perfect order.
这个图书馆的书一排一排放得井井有条。
④The houses are sold out within this price range.
在这个价位范围之内的房子已售完。自我探究
range vi.(在一定范围或幅度内)变动，变化n.排，行；一系列；山脉；(变化等的)幅度；(知识等的)范围；
区域。归纳拓展
range from... to...从……到……变化
range over(＝cover，include)范围包括，涉及
range between A and B范围在……与……之间变化易混辨析
range，vary
二者都有“变化”的意思，range用于范围的变化,而vary则用于无规律的、
间隙的、不断的改变。牛刀小试
用range和vary的正确形式填空
(1)He has a lot of friends________from Chinese to Japanese.
(2)The meat________in quality，so we can’t eat it any more.ranging varies (3)People can________in character with time and situation.vary5Unfortunately，although van Gogh committed his whole being to painting，he received little reward for his effort.遗憾的是，尽管凡·高全身心地投入绘画，他的努力得到的回报却微乎其微。品味经典
①She committed herself to philanthropy.
她专心从事慈善事业。②He would not commit himself in any way .
他不愿做出任何承诺。
③They committed outrages on innocent citizens.
他们对无辜的市民犯下了暴行。自我探究
commit vt.&vi.全心全意投入；承诺，保证；犯罪，犯错。归纳拓展
commit oneself to委身于，专心致志
于……
commit suicide自杀
commit oneself使承担义务，使承诺
commit a fault犯错
commit oneself on对……表态牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)关于那个问题，他拒绝表明自己的态度。
He refused to___________________the
subject.commit himself on(2)在开枪打死妻子后，他在卧室自杀。
After shooting his wife，
he________________in the bedroom.
(3)他已决心献身于教育事业。
He has___________________________the
cause of education.committed suicidecommitted himself to6I was amazed to learn that Picasso had an output of more than 20,000 pieces of art.
我惊讶地得知，毕加索一生创作了20多万件艺术作品。品味经典
①I was amazed to find that primary-school teachers in China do not use phonics in teaching children how to read.当我发现中国的小学老师教孩子读英文单词不使用基础语音教学法时我感到惊愕。
②I am sorry to hear that.
我听说这件事感到很遗憾。自我探究
本句使用了“be＋形容词＋不定式”这一常用句型。牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)看到地面上有大小不一的钻石时，我大感惊讶。
I____________________diamonds of all sizes lying on the ground.was amazed to see(2)我真的很高兴接到你的来信。
I__________________________you.
(3)她得知那门课没有考及格时很沮丧。
She________________________that she
had failed the course.am really happy to hear fromwas disappointed to learn7Unfortunately，although van Gogh committed his whole being to
painting，he received little reward for his effort.
遗憾的是，尽管凡·高全身心地投入绘画，他所得到的回报却微乎其微。品味经典
①It is a well-known fact that bats, though they are almost blind，never fail to catch small insects in the air.
这是人尽皆知的事实，即蝙蝠虽然几乎没有视觉，但捕捉空中的小虫从未失误。
②I am well aware that though a student，I still can do a bit for my country.
我很清楚，我虽然是名学生，仍然能为国家做点事情。自我探究
本句是复合句，句中含有一个although引导的让步状语从句。牛刀小试
(1)It is known to all that________you exercise regularly，you won’t keep good health.
A．unless B．whenever
C．although D．if
解析：选A。that引导的主语从句中含有unless引导的条件状语从句。(2)________the knowledge he possesses is limited，the old worker has a lot of experience.
A．Since B．Unless
C．As D．Although
解析：选D。主从句间是让步关系。(3)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair________he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A．although B．unless
C．because D．if
解析：选C。根据句意，该状语从句应表示原因。8My aunt really wants to see a painting of his called The Night
Watch，which was painted in 1642.
我姑妈非常想去看看他创作于1642年的《夜巡》。品味经典
①She is patient towards the
children,which her husband seldom is.
她对孩子很耐心，而她的丈夫很少如此。(which指代主句的部分内容“patient towards the children”。)②He often comes late to class，which makes his teacher angry.
他经常迟到，这使得老师很生气。(which指代主句的全部内容“He often comes late to class”。)自我探究
以上句子均为复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词which可指代主
句中的某个词、部分内容、全部内容。归纳拓展
which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中除了可以作主语、宾语、表语外，有时还可以作另外名词的定语。③It might rain tomorrow，in which case，I will have to stay home.
明天可能下雨，要是这样的话，我只好呆在家里。牛刀小试
(1)The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%________are sold abroad.
A．of which B．which of
C．of them D．of that解析：选A。which引导非限制性定语从句，which指half a million pairs of shoes。(2)________is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.
A．Which B．When
C．What D．As
解析：选D。as引导非限制性定语从
句，as is often the case“正像经常发生的那样”。(3)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision.
A．that B．which
C．when D．where解析：选B。which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代整个主句。译文助读
Visiting the masters
Hi Yang Yan
Here I am in Amsterdam.This trip has been fantastic！As you know，I am with my aunt and grandmother.They are both good artists，and I’m thinking about starting painting myself after I get back.Let me tell you all about our trip.
My grandmother really likes Picasso’s paintings and thinks he is the greatest artist ever，so we started in Spain and went to the city of Málaga，the birthplace of Picasso.Near the house where Picasso was born is a museum full of his art.Málaga is a lovely city and the architecture is beautiful.I was amazed to learn that Picasso had an outputof more than 20,000 pieces of art.He did not just paint，but made sculptures and worked with all kinds of media.He experimented with different styles of painting，but was most famous for his work in Cubism，which often uses acute angles and where the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles.
Of course，even though Picasso was Spanish，he left Spain while he was still a young and struggling artist，and settled in Paris，France.So，after visiting
Spain，we went to Paris.During our four days in Paris we spent one whole day at the Louvre Museum，where we saw the Mona Lisa，painted by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci.He created this work between 1503 and 1506.I was really impressed by this picture of a lady with a mysterious smile.By popular consensus，this is the most valuable painting in the world－it is impossible to calculate what price itwould fetch if it ever came on the market.Besides being a painter，
da Vinci was also an architect，scientist and engineer.He designed many new inventions，including a primitive form of a helicopter and a tank.Besides the works of da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century. It doesn’t have any modern paintings in it, however.Modern paintings are all kept at the Musée d’Orsay.We went there on our second day in Paris because my aunt was eager to see the works of Claude Monet.
Monet was a French painter who lived between 1840 and 1926. His paintings were typical of a style called Impressionism. With Impressionism, the painter abandons the idea of representing things exactly as they look in a photograph, but seeks to show movement and the feelings of the moment, through the use of colours, light and shadows. Monet loved to paint outdoors, and almost never used a studio. Though when he was younger he painted a wide variety of subjects, when he was older he most often painted the water lilies floating on the surface of the pond in his garden.Yesterday, we went to the Van Gogh Museum, here in Amsterdam. Van Gogh was also a member of the Impressionist Movement. Altogether, he painted about 800 oil paintings and did 1,600 drawings. One of his most famous oil paintings is The Potato Eaters，which he painted in 1885.Among his works, my favourite is Starry Night, which he completed in 1889. Unfortunately，although van Gogh committed his whole being to painting, he received little reward for his effort. His younger brother, Theo, acting as his agent, tried hard to sell van Gogh’s paintings, but could only sell one painting, for 400 francs, before van Gogh died in 1890. Today, van Gogh’s paintings are worth upwards of millions of dollars each.Tomorrow we are off to another museum in Amsterdam. The most famous paintings there are by Rembrandt. He lived from 1606 until 1669. My aunt really wants to see a painting of his called The Night Watch, which was painted in 1642.I’ll tell you more about my trip when I get back.
RegardsLi Ming,参观著名大作
杨彦：你好！
我现在是在阿姆斯特丹。这趟旅行真是妙极了！如你所知，我是与我姑妈和奶奶一起来的。她们都是优秀的艺术家，我在想回去之后我也要开始学画画。让我告诉你有关我们旅行的情况吧。我奶奶非常喜欢毕加索的作品，认为他是有史以来最伟大的艺术家，所以我们从西班牙出发，去了毕加索的出生地马拉加市。在毕加索出生的房子附近有一座博物馆，里面都是他的艺术作品。马拉加是一座可爱的城市，建筑很美。我惊讶地得知，毕加索一生创作了两万多件艺术作品。他不仅绘画，还创作雕塑，利用各种材料创作作品。毕加索尝试过多种不同的绘画风格，但尤以立体派作品著称。立体派作品通常运用锐角，作品中世界被呈现为由立方体和矩形构成。当然，尽管毕加索是西班牙人，但是当他还是一名年轻而又苦苦挣扎的艺术家时，他离开了西班牙，在法国巴黎定居下来。因此，参观西班牙之后,
我们也来到了巴黎。在巴黎的四天当中，我们花一整天参观了卢浮宫。在那里我们欣赏了意大利艺术家列奥纳多·达·芬奇创作的《蒙娜·丽莎》。他于1503年至1506年间创作了这幅作品。这幅带着神秘微笑的女子的画像的确给我留下了深刻的印象。举世公认，这幅画是世界上最珍贵的油画作品——如果这幅画到市场上出售，不可能估算出它可以达到什么价格。达·芬奇不仅是画家，还是建筑师、科学家和工程师。他设计了许多新发明，包括直升飞机和坦克的雏形。
除了达·芬奇的作品，卢浮宫还藏有其他欧洲画家从13世纪到19世纪创作的六千多件作品，然而，它里面没有任何现代作品。现代艺术作品都保存在奥塞美术馆。在巴黎的第二天，我们去了那里，因为我姑妈迫不及待地想去看看克劳德·莫奈的作品。
莫奈是一名法国画家，生于1840年，1926年去世。他的画作是典型的印象派风格印象派画家摒弃了要像拍照一样精确地描绘物体这一观念，而是尝试通过色彩、光线和阴影的运用，表现物体的运动和绘画时瞬间的感受。莫奈喜爱在室外作画，几乎从不使用画室。尽管在较年轻时他画了各种各样的主题，但到岁数大一点时，他最常画的就是他家花园池塘里漂浮的莲花。昨天我们去了位于阿姆斯特丹的凡·高博物馆。凡·高也是印象派画家。凡·高一共画了大约800幅油画和1600幅素
描。他最著名的油画之一是《食土豆者》,创作于1885年。在他的作品中，
我最喜欢的是《星夜》，这幅画是他于1889年完成的。遗憾的是，尽管凡·高全身心地投入绘画,他的努力得到的回报却微乎其微。
他的弟弟西奥作为他的经纪人，竭力推销凡·高的画，但直到1890年凡·高去世，他弟弟只卖出了一幅画，售价400法郎。今天，凡·高的画每一幅都超过数百万美元。明天我们将去阿姆斯特丹的另一座博物馆，那里最著名的是伦勃朗的画。他生于1606年，1669年去世。我姑妈非常想去看看他创作于1642年的《夜巡》。回去之后我会告诉你有关我行程的更多情况。
致礼！
李明 课件83张PPT。Section Ⅱ Word power & Grammar and usage速效提能演练语法专题突破 Section Ⅱ重点难点探究重点难点探究1Several hundred years ago，oil painting was often done on wood if the painter could not afford to buy canvas.
几百年前，画家若买不起画布，他通常把油画画在木板上。品味经典
①We couldn’t afford (to buy) a computer.
我们买不起一台电脑。②Are you able to afford the time for a holiday?
你能抽出时间去度假吗？
③Music affords us pleasure.
音乐给我们带来快乐。自我探究
afford vt.常与can，could，be able to 连用，表示“负担得起”“抽出时间”，
其后接名词、代词、不定式等，主要用于否定句和疑问句。牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)I go to work by bus as I can’t________a car.
A．pay B．afford
C．offer D．buy
解析：选B。can’t afford sth.买不起某物。
(2)I’m not sure how much scholarship you will receive，but it will roughly________your major expenses.
A．cover B．afford
C．pay D．charge
解析：选A。cover够……用。完成句子
(3)我没有足够的时间和钱去旅行。
I____________neither the time nor the money for a trip.
(4)他们因缺乏资金无力充分装备自己的实验室。can affordThey___________________their laboratories properly because of lack of funds.
can’t afford to equip2In addition，there are many different kinds of paintings according to the subject，such as portrait(for people)，landscape(for views)and still life(for objects)．除此之外，根据画的题材不同有不同种类的画，如人物肖像画、风景画和静物画。品味经典
①In addition to these arrangements，extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
除了这些安排以外，另增救护车值班至午夜。②There is，in addition，one further point to make.
此外，还有一点要说。自我探究
in addition表示“除此之外”，此短语在句中相当于一个副词，用作状语。若表示“除……以外”，则要用in addition to sth./sb.，其含义相当于besides。易混辨析
besides，in addition，except，except for，
except that，apart from牛刀小试
(1)There was an earthquake and，________，there were tidal waves.
A．therefore B．however
C．in addition D．then解析：选C。therefore可作副词，语意也合题意，但是用它时，and后不应有逗号；however可作副词，但它不和and连用；then是副词，可与and连用，但之间不能有逗号；in addition相当于副词besides，意为“除此之外”，可单独使用。(2)We go to school every day________Saturday and Sunday.
A．besides B．in addition to
C．except D．except for
解析：选C。句意为“我们除了星期六和星期天以外每天都去上学”。besides和in addition to表示“除了……之外还有”，若选这两项，那么句子的意思就是说上了七天的学，因而可排除；except for表示除了整体中的一点内容，显然在此处并不表达此意，星期六和星期天与其他几天并列而不属于其中的某一个整体，故可排除D项。3A soft eraser will be useful in_case you want to make changes.
为了防止你想做出一些变动，还是需要一块软橡皮。品味经典
①You’d better take the keys in case I’m out.
你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。
②In case I forget，please remind me of my promise.
请提醒一下我的诺言，以防我忘了。自我探究
in case用作连词，引导状语从句，意思是“以防”“万一”。归纳拓展
in case of＋名以防万一
in any case在任何情况下
in no case绝不
in this case在这种情况下，要是这样易混辨析
in case，in case of，for fear that，for fear of
(1)in case或in case of“以防”的事情，是不以主观意志为转移的。
(2)for fear that或for fear of可以通过主观努力而避免。③Take an umbrella in case it rains.
带把伞以防天下雨。(带伞并不能避免天下雨)
④I got up early for fear that I would miss the train.
我起得很早，唯恐赶不上火车。(起得早，可以避免赶不上火车)牛刀小试
(1)He got to the station early，________missing his train.
A．in case of B．instead of
C．for fear of D．in search of解析：选C。in case of 以防；instead of代替；for fear of唯恐；in search of搜寻。到达车站早，可以避免赶不上火车，故选C，不选A。(2)________fire，all exits must be kept clear.
A．In place of B．Instead of
C．In case of D．In spite of解析：选C。句意：为防火灾，所有疏散通道务必畅通。In place of ＝Instead of(取代，替代)；In spite of(尽管)；只有In case of (以防……)符合题意，故选C。(3)Mrs. Smith locked both the front and the back doors before she went to bed________that a thief might steal into the house.
A．for fear B．in case
C．unless D．So
解析：选A。根据句意，应选A。(4)He doesn’t drink water at night，________swallowing insects possibly floating on the surface.
A．in case of B．for fear of
C．for the sake of D．in line with解析：选B。for fear of为介词，
句意：他晚上不喝水，担心吞了浮在表面的昆虫。
4Wanting to stay in a hotel suite in an old castle，we tried to make a reservation.However，that hotel was booked full. 由于想在旧城堡里的旅馆中休息，所以我们想进行预订，然而那个旅馆已被订满。品味经典
①If you want to go to the concert，you’ll have to make a reservation，or there will be no tickets.
如果你想去听音乐会，你得(事先)预订(票)，否则会没有票的。②I have some reservations about his story.
我不大相信他的故事。
③I accept without reservation!
我毫无保留地接受！自我探究
reservation在以上各句中的意思分别是“预订，预约”，“疑惑”，“保留，限制”。牛刀小试
I have serious________about his ability to do the job，so I don’t agree to offer it to him.
A．expectations B．reservations
C．acquaintances D．intentions解析：选B。从句子的后一部分来看，“我不同意把这份工作提供给他”，说明了“我”对他的工作能力有怀疑。expectation用作复数时表示对某种有益的事情的期待；acquaintance表示“结
识”；intention表示“目的”；reservations表示“疑惑，存疑，保留”。5Aunt really enjoyed France and so did grandma and I.
我姑妈确实喜欢法国，我和我的奶奶也一样。品味经典
①Mary likes Chinese.So does Tom.
玛丽喜欢汉语。汤姆也喜欢。
②I’m good at English，and so is my sister.
我英语学得好，我妺妺学得也好。自我探究
该句型属于“so＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”结构，表示前面所述情况也适用于后者。归纳拓展
(1)“neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语(另一个)”结构表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者。
(2)如果前句的谓语动词既有肯定形式又有否定形式或前面的谓语动词不属于同一类，可使用“It’s the same with...”或“So it is/was the same with...”结构，表示“……也……”。
(3)“so＋主语(同一个)＋助动词/情态动词/be动词”结构表示对前面情况的肯定及强调。
③If you don’t go to see the movie，neither will I.
如果你不去看电影，我也不去。
④Tom studies very hard and is never late for school.So it is the same with Dick.汤姆学习非常努力，上学从不迟到。迪克也是如此。
⑤—Li Hua will go to America for further education.
——李华要到美国去深造。—So she will.She will leave for America in two days.
——是的，她两天后就出发去美国。牛刀小试
(1)Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and________.
A．I was neither B．neither was I
C．I was either D．either was I解析：选B。“neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语(另一个)”表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者，符合语境。(2)－Father，you promised!
－Well，________.But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.
A．so was I B．so did I
C．so I was D．so I did
解析：选D。句意：“爸爸，你答应过的！”“噢，我是答应过。但是是你先不遵守诺言的。”对别人说的话加以肯定和强调用“so＋主语＋助动词”，此时的so在意义上相当于indeed。而“so＋助动词＋主语”则表示前面所述的肯定情况也适用于后者。动词为promise，故选择do的适当形式did。6Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
第二天早上一离开宿舍，我们就意识到我们把地图落在房间里了。品味经典
①Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
②Hardly had I finished eating when he came in.
我刚吃完饭他就进来了。自我探究
该句是一个倒装句，hardly...when...表示“一……就……”，当hardly位于句首时，句子用倒装。归纳拓展
类似用法的短语还有：scarcely...when...；no sooner...than，在该句型结构中，主句通常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。牛刀小试
________had he received the telegram________he started off at once.
A．Never；that
B．Hardly；thatC．Hardly；when
D．No sooner；when
解析：选C。句意：他一接到电报就出发了。hardly...when...表示“一……就……”；no sooner与than搭配。7Had you come with us，I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too.
如果你们和我们一起来了，我确定你们也会喜欢欧洲的。品味经典
①Had he come last night，he would have met his sister at home.
昨晚他要是回来了，他就会在家见到他妹妹了。②Should he visit me tomorrow，I would buy him a bicycle.
他若是明天来我就买一辆自行车给他。
③Were he you，I think he would lend his computer to me.
若他是你，我认为他就会把他的计算机借给我了。自我探究
以上句子是省略了连词if含有虚拟语气的倒装句。其用法是：在虚拟语气条件句中，若含有助动词should，had或连系动词were时，连词if省略且把should，had或were放到主语的前面。牛刀小试
________tomorrow，I would visit him in two days.
A．If I was to go to London
B．I was to go to London
C．I were to go to London
D．Were I to go to London解析：选D。从句子后一部分的谓语和前面的tomorrow来看，这个句子里含有虚拟语气。显然A项的结构错
误。B项和C项不是从句，不符合句子的要求。D项是省略了if的条件句。
语法专题突破品味语法
1．Here comes the bus.汽车来了。
2．At the foot of the mountain lies a small town.
山脚下坐落着一个小村庄。
3．Only through hard work can you succeed.只有通过勤奋你才能够成功。
4．If you don’t go，neither shall I.
如果你不去，我也不去。
5．Were you in my position，you would do the same.
假如你处于我的位置，你也会做同样的事。自我探究
倒装句有完全倒装和部分倒装，完全倒装是将整个谓语用在主语前，部分倒装是将谓语的一部分用在主语前。
讲解归纳
一、全部倒装的用法二、部分倒装的用法课件117张PPT。Section Ⅲ Task & Project速效提能演练写作专题突破 Section Ⅲ重点难点探究重点难点探究1You can lay all the pieces out on the card before you stick them down.
你可以在粘贴之前把所有的贝壳都铺放在卡片上。品味经典
①He showed us how to lay out a printed page.
他告诉我们怎样设计版面。
②You should lay out your money in a planned way.
你必须计划开支。自我探究
lay out意为“设计，布局”；
“安排”；“摊放”。归纳拓展
lay aside放在一边，存储
lay down放下，规定，确定
lay off解雇,lay up储存，放置不用牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)Because of the economic crisis，many workers in some businesses have been________.A．laid down B．laid off
C．laid out D．laid up
解析：选B。句意：由于经济危机，许多工人被解雇。lay off意为“解雇；关闭”，符合题意。完成句子
(2)别把你的衣服都摊在床上。把它们收起来。
Don’t___________________on the
bed.Put them away.lay out your clothes2A few years ago，a picture of Mona Lisa was made out of slices of bread toasted to different colours.
几年前，一幅《蒙娜·丽莎》的画就是用烘焙成不同颜色的面包片做成的。品味经典
They wanted to make sure they got a slice of the profits.
他们想确保自己可得到一份利润。自我探究
slice n．薄片，切片，还可作“锅铲”。归纳拓展
a slice of meat一片肉
a slice of bread一片面包
slice v.把……切成薄片
slice up切片
slice into/through用刀切
slice sth. off...从……切下……牛刀小试
(1)After finishing________maths paper，I’ll have two________bread.
A．/；/ B．one；piece of
C．one；slices of D．a；/解析：选C。paper表示“纸张”时是不可数名词，作“试卷”讲时是可数名词,
因而第一空应该填a或one；面包是不可数名词,要表示“两片面包”就用two pieces of bread或two slices of bread。句
意：完成一份数学试卷后，我要吃两片面包。(2)The bread is too much for you.Would you please________two pieces for me?
A．slice off B．cut down
C．break down D．divide into解析：选A。句意：这面包对你来说太多了,能切两片给我吗？slice off切下；
cut down砍倒，缩短；break down崩
溃，中断；divide into被分成，显然A项才合乎题意。3This may sound disgusting to some，but it is really quite clean and great fun.
这对一些人来说听起来可能恶心，但是这其实非常干净，非常好玩。品味经典
①The disgusting guy was driven away.
这个令人讨厌的家伙被大家赶走了。
②The bad fish had a disgusting smell.
这条坏鱼有一股令人作呕的气味。自我探究
disgusting adj.令人厌恶的，令人作呕的。归纳拓展
disgust n.厌恶，憎恶 v.令人厌恶
disgusted adj.厌恶的
disgustingly adv.讨厌地
disgustedly adv.厌烦地，气愤地
disgustful adj.令人生厌的in disgust讨厌
to one’s disgust结果很使人扫兴
express disgust to...对……表示恶心牛刀小试
用disgust的适当形式填空
(1)His____________behaviour made her____________.
(2)The customers are accustomed to the____________custom.disgustingdisgusteddisgusting(3)His behaviour_________everybody.
(4)We’re all____________at the way her husband has treated her.
disgusteddisgusted4For example，one end of a tin can be dipped into paint and used to make circles on a piece of card.
例如，易拉罐的一端可以蘸上颜料，用在一张卡片上画圆圈。品味经典
①The boat dipped into the waves.
小船沉没在波涛之中。
②The land dips gently to the south.
地面缓缓向南倾斜。③Dip up a bucketful of water from the well.
从井中汲取一满桶的水。
④I’ve only had time to dip into the report.
这份报告我只来得及浏览了一遍。
⑤He dipped his pen in the ink.
他拿笔蘸墨水。自我探究
dip v．除了有“浸，蘸”的含义外，还有“沉没；倾斜；汲取；翻阅”的含义。归纳拓展
dip n.洗浴；减少；草草翻阅牛刀小试
(1)Before you answer my questions，you’d better________this passage quickly.
A．get through B．cut through
C．dip into D．look into解析：选C。句意：在你回答我的问题之前，你最好快速地浏览一下这篇文章。get through到达,做完，通过，
度过,打通；cut through抄近路走过，
刺穿；dip into翻阅一下，浏览；look into调查，观察。(2)The book has nothing to do with my subject，so I will________for a change.
A．look it over B．dip it into
C．read it thoroughly D．check it
解析：选B。句意：这本书与我所学科目无关，我只是稍有涉猎。5Shapes can be cut out of other rubbish，dipped into the paint and pressed on the card.
也可以从其他的垃圾中切下各种形状，蘸取颜料，压在卡片上。品味经典
①I cut this article out of the newspaper.
我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。
②I’ve been advised to cut sugar out of my diet.
有人劝我饮食要忌糖。自我探究
cut out (of sth.)剪下；裁剪；停止做。归纳拓展
cut up切碎
cut down削减
cut across走捷径，穿过去
cut in插嘴
cut off切断，隔绝牛刀小试
(1)Traditionally,Chinese people___the Chinese characters Double Happiness and stick them onto walls or doors for weddings.
A．cut out B．cut off
C．cut up D．cut down解析：选A。cut out裁剪；cut off切断；cut up切碎；cut down削减。(2)He was in hospital for six months.He felt as if he
was________from the outside world.
A．cut out B．cut off
C．cut up D．cut through
解析：选B。cut off切断，中断。(3)I was just talking to Mary when Jackson________.
A．cut in B．cut down
C．cut out D．cut up
解析：选A。cut in插话，插进来。6There are many other things that you can use to make unusual pictures，so why not have a go at some of the ideas above and then try out some ideas of your own?还有许多其他的东西你可以利用，做出不一般的图画，为什么不试试上面的一些点子，然后试试你自己独创的点子呢？品味经典
①I will have a go at mending your bike today.
我今天要试着修修你的自行车。
②The people who do have a go at me，do not know me.
那些指责我的人们并不了解我。自我探究
have a go含义为“试一下”，相当于have a try，go在这里是个名词，意为“尝试”，其后多接介词at。归纳拓展
have a go at sth.尝试某事
have a go at sb.指责，数落某人
have a look看一看
have a swim游泳
have a good time玩得高兴have a drink喝饮料(酒)
have a meeting开会
have a rest休息一会儿
have a wash洗脸
have a test进行测验(考试)
have (got) a headache头痛牛刀小试
Don’t________me；I am not your man.
A．be satisfied with
B．have a go at
C．have a try on
D．get on well with解析：选B。结合选项可知，句意为“我不是你的手下，别对我发火”。be satisfied with sb.对某人满意；have a try at sth.对某事试一试(而选项C中的介词是on)；get on well with sb.与某人相处很好；have a go at sb.指责某人。7It was while at the New York School of Art that he experimented with different materials such as cloth and plastic in his paintings.正是在纽约艺术学院期间，他在其绘画作品中尝试采用不同的材料，如布和塑料。品味经典
①It was he that repaired the desk with his brother yesterday.
②It was the desk that he repaired with his brother yesterday.③It was with his brother that he repaired the desk yesterday.
④It was yesterday that he repaired the desk with his brother.自我探究
该句是一个强调句，被强调部分是句中的时间状语从句while at the New York School of Art。归纳拓展
强调句句型是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋剩余部分。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、状语，不过此句型不可强调谓语、宾语补足语和定语。牛刀小试
(1)It was only when I reread his poems recently________I began to appreciate their beauty.
A．until B．that
C．then D．so解析：选B。从句子结构来分析，这显然是个强调句型，强调的是时间状语only when I reread his poems recently，因此要用连词that。(2)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the
village________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
A．where B．that
C．when D．which解析：选B。去掉It was和空格处所填词，句子结构仍然完整，因此可以判断这是个强调句，所以用that。8Next，spread the glue where you want to attach the string.
然后在你想放绳子的地方涂上胶水。品味经典
①The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
我十年前住的房子已经被推倒了。
②Mark a mark at any place where you have a question.
在任何有问题的地方做标记。自我探究
句中where引导的是地点状语从句。归纳拓展
where引导状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句的常见用法归纳：,(1)where用作连接副词，引导名词性从句，意为“在什么地方；到哪里；从哪里”等时从句须用陈述语序。此外，它也可与动词不定式连用；(2)where用作关系副词，引导定语从句，此时where在定语从句中用作地点状语，对表示地点的先行词起修饰和限制作用，意义上相当于“介词＋which”，意为“……的地方”；(3)where用作从属连词，引导地点状语从句，修饰主句中的谓语动词，where引导的从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，意为“……的地方；在/到……的地方”，相当于in/at/to the place where。注意：where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而引导状语从句时其前没有表示地点的名词。牛刀小试
(1)We haven’t discussed
yet________we are going to place our new furniture.
A．that B．which
C．what D．where解析：选D。句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。根据句意宾语从句中缺少地点状语，因此选D。(2)________unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
A．Before B．Where
C．Unless D．Until解析：选B。where引导地点状语从句，表示凡是失业率与犯罪率高的地方，犯罪都是由失业引起的。(3)Mozart’s birthplace and the house________he composed The Magic Flute are both museums now.
A．where B．when
C．there D．which解析：选A。考查定语从句的用法。where引导定语从句，并且在定语从句中作状语。译文助读
Unusual pictures
Someone once said that anything and everything could be used to make art. A few years ago, a picture of Mona Lisa was made out of slices of bread toasted to different colours. It probably smelled good, but it took a long time to do. This web page gives you some ideas that you could use to make unusual pictures. Pizza faces
Put your apron on and get ready to make a pizza face. Now
you can be a chef
and an artist. You can use a variety of different foods to help you make a face. Here are a few ideas.
Use small slices of carrot or pieces of seaweed as hair, and arrange it in the style that you want. Cut up some tomatoes for eyes, pieces of cheese for ears, and a mushroom for a nose. Next, you need to think about the mouth—you could make a smile from a slice of bacon. Other foods you could use to create pizza faces include onion, pineapple，eggplant and ham.Most of these foods are available at your local grocery.
When you have made the face, you can take a photo of it, so that you can keep your unusual picture forever. Once you have taken the photo, you can then cook and eat the pizza face.An artist in the USA once made pizza faces from fruit and vegetables. He took photos of each one and then used these photographs to make birthday cards. Since then he has sold over two million cards. String pictures
To make string pictures, you need some card, thin string and glue. Think about what picture you want to make. Will it be an abstract pattern, or will it be a picture of things, a scene or people? First, use a crayon or pencil to draw the outline of the picture on the card. Next, spread the glue where you want to attach the string. You can make solid shapes by using circles of string. Once the string has dried on the card, you could paint different parts of the string.Feather and seashell pictures
This idea is about creating pictures with feathers and seashells. You will also need glue and some card. Choose small seashells so they will not be very heavy when they are stuck onto the card. Think about the pattern or picture that you want to make. You can lay all the pieces out on the card before you stick them down. You can collect seashells at the beach. Feathers can be found in pillows, pet shops or parks. Rubbish pictures
This may sound disgusting to some, but it is really quite clean and great fun. Every day, we produce lots of rubbish, including different materials like plastic, aluminium，cloth and paper. We can use this rubbish to create pictures. These pictures can be quite heavy, so you should use strong paper or card and very strong glue to stick the rubbish onto the card. Once it is stuck on, you can spray the different sections of the picture with paint.Rubbish prints
Again, this is using rubbish, but this time as paintbrushes. For example, one end of a tin can be dipped into paint and used to make circles on a piece of card. We can use old pieces of cloth as brushes, or wrinkle the cloth together to form an interesting pattern. The shapes and patterns could be repeated. Shapes can be cut out of other rubbish, dipped into the paint and pressed on the card.There are many other things that you can use to make unusual pictures, so why not have a go at some of the ideas above and then try out some ideas of your own?
Have fun！别具一格的图画
曾经有人说过，任何东西都可以用来制作艺术品。几年前，一幅《蒙娜·丽莎》的画是用烘焙成不同颜色的面包片做成的。它闻起来可能会很香，但却花了很长时间去制作。本网页为你提供一些点子，你可以用来制作别具一格的图画。 比萨脸谱
系上你的围裙，做好准备来制作一个比萨脸谱。现在，你既可以是一位大厨，也可以是一名艺术家。你可以用多种不同的食物来帮你制作一张脸谱。这里有一些主意。用一些薄胡萝卜片或者海带碎片作为头发，将它们布置成你想要的风格。切一些西红柿做眼睛，用奶酪片做耳朵，蘑菇做鼻子。接下来，你需要想一想嘴巴——你可以用一片培根做出笑容。其他你可以用来做比萨脸谱的食品包括洋葱、菠萝、茄子和火腿。这些食材大多都可以在你当地的食品店里
找到。
当你做完这张脸谱时，你可以给它拍张照，这样就可以永远保存你这张别具一格的图画。拍完照片之后，你可以烤熟并享用这张比萨脸谱。
美国的一名艺术家曾经用水果和蔬菜来做比萨脸谱。他为每张比萨脸谱拍了照,然后用这些照片做成生日卡片。
从那时起，他已卖了超过两百万张的卡片了。 绳画
要制作绳画，你需要一些卡片、细绳和胶水。想想你要做什么样的画。它会是一幅抽象画，还是静物画、风景画或者人物画呢？首先，用蜡笔或者铅笔在卡片上画出图案的轮廓。然后,在你想要粘绳子的地方涂上胶水。
通过把绳子围成圈，你可以做出实心的形状。一旦绳子在卡片上晾干，你就可以在绳子不同的部位涂颜色了。
羽毛贝壳画
这个想法涉及用羽毛和贝壳来制作图画。你也需要胶水和一些卡片。选择小的贝壳，这样，当它们粘在卡片上之后就不会太重。想想你要做什么样的图案或者图片。你可以在粘贴之前把所有的贝壳都铺放在卡片上。你可以在沙滩上找到贝壳。羽毛可以在枕头里、宠物店或者公园里找到。
垃圾图画
对一些人来说，这听起来可能有点恶心，但这其实相当干净，而且很有趣。每天我们都会制造许多垃圾，包括不同的材料，如塑料、铝箔、布和纸。我们可以利用这些垃圾制作图画。这些图画可能会很重，所以你要用结实的纸或者纸板，而且要用强力的胶水把这些垃圾粘贴到纸板上。一旦它们粘贴好，你就可以在图中的不同区域喷洒颜料了。
垃圾印画
又一次用到了垃圾，不过这次是作为画笔。例如，易拉罐的一端可以蘸上颜料，用来在一张卡片上画圆圈。我们可以用旧布做刷子，或者把布拧在一起弄皱，勾勒出很有意思的图案。这些形状和图案可以反复使用。也可以从其他的垃圾上切下各种形状,
蘸取颜料，压在卡片上。
还有许多其他东西可用来制作出与众不同的图画，所以为什么不尝试上面的一些点子，然后试试你自己独创的点子呢？
玩得开心！写作专题突破怎样在调查报告中灵活使用数据？
【写作要求】全球金融危机影响了全球经济的进一步发展，受此影响，中国的就业形势愈加严峻。针对目前全国大学生面临就业的严峻形势，我班同学展开激烈的讨论，请根据提示及表格中的内容，介绍本次讨论情况并谈谈你自己的看法。
注意：1.对所给要点，逐一陈述，但不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
2．词数不少于150，开头已写好。
参考词汇：职校—vocational schoolThe global financial crisis has contributed to a more fierce
competition in job markets. Increasing numbers of college graduates are finding themselves in a situation where too many jobseekers are fighting for survival. Our class has had a heated discussion on this problem. Students have different ideas.
__________________________________________________________________
【要点词汇】
1．减轻家庭负担_________________________________
_________________________________
2．寻找更多的发展机遇__________________________________reduce the economic burden on
their familiesseek for opportunities for development3．继续深造_________________________________
4．自己创业_________________________________continue their further studyset their own businesses【句式结构】
1．两方表达不同观点
Opinions are divided on the question.Some students/Sixty percent of the students think it a good idea to ...But others/forty percent of them don’t think so. In their opinion，...2．多方表达不同观点
According to the survey,20% of the students think...But 30%of them argue...Another 40% have their own opinion.They say...A small group of the students，accounting for 10%，sticks to the opinion that...3．提出自己建议的各种句式
I think it a great idea to do sth.
It’s my suggestion that...
If we...，why not...?
It’s very important for us to do sth.We feel it important and necessary to do sth.
In my opinion，...
In my point of view，...
【连句成篇】
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________【佳作欣赏】
The global financial crisis has contributed to a more fierce competition in job markets. Increasing numbers of college graduates are finding themselves in a situation where too many jobseekers are fighting for survival. Our class has had a heated discussion on this problem. Students have different ideas.
70% of them think it makes sense that they realize an early employment by lowering their income expectations,thus reducing the economic burden on their families. They also believe there’re better opportunities for development if they go to work in the west or rural areas. 20% of them consider full employment an unrealistic goal, so they choose to continue their further study or go to vocational schools to learn some practical skills to make better preparations for future careers. Finally，the rest 10 % determine to set up their own businesses.As for me, I think after a series of timely measures taken by the government，we are confident about and capable of overcoming the current difficulties and challenges and the employment prospects for graduates will be better soon. So all we need to do now is plan and act in ways that reflect the reality，to assure that we make full use of our talent and skills.【类文点津】
书面表达经常是表达对一件事不同观点的题目。学生写这类题目最大的困难是容易产生句式单一的问题，学生应将一些不同的表达形式熟记于心，写作时就不会出现此类问题了。课件15张PPT。Unit 3 The world of colours and light 教材背景链接When one loves art，no service seems too hard. －O.Henry，American novelist
一旦热爱艺术，什么奉献也不难。
——美国小说家 欧·亨利Life is painting a picture，not doing a sum. －O.W.Holmes
生活是绘画，不是做算术。
——霍姆斯Art is the mold of feeling as language is the mold of thought.
－Susanne Langer，American philosopher
艺术是感情的模制品，犹如语言是思想的模制品。
——美国哲学家 兰格·S
Room for Revolution：George Washington
and His Philadelphia FriendsMarch 16th,2009～August 30th,2009
Charles Willson Peale’s George Washington at Princeton is on view at the museum which was lent from a private collection.This visually striking and finely made life-size portrait (肖像) recordsWashington’s 6-foot-2-inch figure in a pose highlighting strength，composure, and elegance.It is put up in a room neighboring to the Powel House parlor(会客室)，a period room from one of Philadelphia’s greatest eighteenth-century private homes, where Washington was frequently entertained by his friends, Samuel and Elizabeth Powel.Both spaces contain important examples of furniture by Philadelphia’s finest craftsmen，such as Thomas Afflect and John Aitken. Among these is a side chair specially ordered by the Washingtons when living in Philadelphia.
Painted in Philadelphia in 1779，Peale’s painting was immediately sent to Europe to promote Washington’s reputation as a leader and the cause of the American Revolution，then in progress.Later，during Europe’s Napoleonic Wars，a Spanish duke with strong sympathies with American Revolution owned the picture.At that time he added the complicated carved caption to it，which describes Washington as “a liberator of his country who abandoned absolute power”．
Curators：American Art Department Staff，website commentary by Carol Soltis
Location：Galleries 286 and 287，second floorRead the passage and then answer the following questions.
1．This passage is mainly about________.
A．the cause of the American Revolution BB．the information of a portrait on view
C．the description of the life of George Washington D．the friendship between Washington and his friends
2．What is the name of the portrait?( )
A．Room for Revolution.
B．Charles Willson Peale.
C．George Washington at Princeton.
D．George Washington and His Philadelphia Friends.C3．What happened in the Powel House parlor?( )
A．Washington entertained his friends.
B．Washington made a chair on his own.DC．Charles Willson Peale finished the portrait.
D．Samuel and Elizabeth Powel met Washington a lot.课件155张PPT。Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading速效提能演练预习多维感知 Section Ⅰ重点难点探究预习多维感知?Step One：Fast Reading
Read the transcript and choose the best answers.
1．How many film festivals are mentioned in the passage?( )
A．3. B．4.
C．5. D．6.D2．What is special about the Sundance Film Festival?( )
A．It has the longest history among all the film festivals.
B．It is held to encourage small，independent films.BC．It includes all kinds of films.
D．It just features Hollywood films.3．At which of the following film festivals are films with large budgets often shown?( )
A．The Cannes Film Festival.
B．The Berlin International Film Festival.AC．The Shanghai International Film Festival.
D．The Venice Film Festival.
4．What is all the representatives’ rejection?( )
A．Independent films.
B．Films made with lots of money.
C．National discrimination.
D．Hollywood films.C5．Which of the following is the second largest film festivals in the world?( )
A．The Shanghai International Film Festival.
B．The Cannes Film Festival.DC．The Sundance Film Festival.
D．The Toronto International Film Festival.?Step Two：Listening
Listen to the tape and answer the following questions.
1．Which film festival views film as a type of contemporary art?_________________________________
_________________________________
________________
The representative of the Venice Film
Festival views film as a type of
contemporary art.2．How did the Sundance Film Festival come to be well known?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________In 1981，Robert Redford，who has
acted in and directed many big
Hollywood films，took over the festival
and changed the focus to independent films.Since then it has been well known.3．Why was the Cannes Film Festival started?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Because many people felt the
Venice Film Festival was giving
awards to only German and Italian
films.4．What is the difference between the Cannes Film Festival and the Berlin International Film Festival?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Films shown at the Cannes Film
Festival are often made with large
budgets and have well-known actors
and directors while films from smaller
countries have a real chance of winning
in the Berlin International Film
Festival.5．Which film festival gives out the Golden Cup Award?
__________________________________________________________________It is the highlight of the Shanghai
International Film Festival.?Step Three：Careful Reading
Read the text and fill in the blanks.
Important film events around the worldoldesthigh-qualityawardsinternationalglobesecondCanadianamateuryoungestChinaStep Four：Summary
The most famous award a film，an actor or a director can win is an Academy Award，or an Oscar，as these annual awards are often called.Yet，the Oscars are often1.____________when people discuss film festivals.overlookedThe Academy Awards have a focus that is very different from other film festivals.In fact，some people argue that the Academy Awards should not even be called a film festival.One reason for this is that most traditional film festivals have2.____________entriesfrom a variety of countries. At the Academy Awards，the preference is to reward top-ranking American films.While there is no3.____________on foreign films，those that win are in the minority.
restrictionAmerican films always have an 4.____________on foreign films at the Oscars，regardless of how popular a foreign film might be.
Another reason why it might not be appropriate to call the edgeAcademy Awards a film festival is that most film festivals5.____________give out only a small number of awards，but the Oscars give out many awards－and not just to actors and directors，but to many people in the film-making crew as well.deliberatelyWhether you think the Academy Awards really6.____________a film festival or not，everyone agrees that the Oscar is the best-known award a film can receive.After winning at the Oscars，a film is swift to sell tickets，because everyone will want to see it!resemble?Step Five：Discussion
Discuss the favourite film with your partner.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________重点难点探究1Our guests today are representatives from six of the major international film festivals.
我们今天的嘉宾是来自六个主要国际电影节的代表。品味经典
①I couldn’t be present myself，but I sent my representative to the meeting.
我本人不能亲自出席，可我派了代表出席。
②Are your opinions representative of the views of all the students?
你们的意见代表全体学生的看法吗？自我探究
representative n．[C]代表；adj.有代表性的，典型的。牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)他是一家大型钢铁公司的代理人。
He is a______________for a large steel company. representative(2)这个问题非常典型。
The question is very________________.representative2That is，the main criterion for being included is that the film must not be financed by Hollywood studios.
也就是说，影片入选的主要标准就是没有受好莱坞制片场资助的电影。品味经典
①We hope that the government will finance the education.
我们希望政府为教育提供经费。
②People who work in banks know about finance.
在银行工作的人懂金融。自我探究
finance vt.给……提供资助，负担……的经费；n.[U]财政，金融；资金；financial adj.财政的；金融的。牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)这位政治家被任命为财政部部长。
The politician was appointed the____________of____________.ministerfinance(2)学校的修缮将由教育部门出资。
The repairs to the school will be____________by the educational department.financed3Kathy，I don’t like to argue，but in defence of the Venice Film Festival，I have to point out that we don’t just have Hollywood films.
凯西，我不想争论，但是我得为威尼斯电影节说句话，我得指出的是我们有的不只是好莱坞电影。品味经典
①I showed some evidence in defence of myself. 我拿出一些证据为自己辩护。
②They developed new types of fighters in defence of their country.
为了保卫国家，他们研发了各种新式战斗机。自我探究
defence n．[U，C]辩护；保卫，防卫。
归纳拓展
make a defence进行辩护
national defence国防
in defence of保卫；为……辩护
defence against防御物；防务defend vt.防御，防守,保卫；以行动、
语言或文字替……辩护或答辩
defend the motherland保卫祖国
defend...against...保护……反对……；辩解
defend...from...保护……不受
(伤害)…… 牛刀小试
(1)Liu Hulan lost her life ________the benefit of our country.
A．in defence B．in charge of
C．defend of D．in defence of
解析：选D。in defence of保卫，捍卫；defend vt.保卫，捍卫。(2)The city________by army of 600 men was difficult to seize.
A．defending
B．having been defended
C．having defended
D．defended 解析：选D。过去分词短语defended by...作定语，相当于一个定语从句：which was defended by...。B项只能作状语，不作定语。4The initial idea for our festival was hatched back in 1978，when it was known as the Utah/US Film Festival.
我们的电影节最初的想法酝酿于1978
年，当时它被称为犹他州/美国电影节。品味经典
①Have you been hatching up a deal with her?
你是不是在和她秘密进行什么交易？②Ten chickens hatched (out) this morning.
今天早晨有10只小鸡出壳了。
③The hen hatches (out) her babies by sitting on the eggs.
母鸡伏在蛋上孵小鸡。自我探究
hatch vt.&vi.策划，密谋；孵出；孵化。牛刀小试
(1)太阳的热能将陆龟的卵孵出小龟。
The heat of the
sun____________turtles’ eggs.
(2)他们密谋杀害国王。
They____________a plot to murder the king.hatcheshatched5Redford has acted in and directed many big Hollywood films，but wanted to expose the public to films made outside of the Hollywood system that ordinary people might have no access to otherwise.雷德福曾出演并指导过许多好莱坞大片，但是他希望让大众接触好莱坞体系之外制作的影片，否则这些影片很多普通人可能没机会看到。品味经典
①He exposed himself to the enemy’s gunfire.
他把自己暴露在敌人炮火之下。
②Don’t expose your skin to the sun for a long time.
别让皮肤长时间暴露在阳光下。自我探究
expose vt.曝光；暴露；揭露；使接触，使体验。易混辨析
disclose，expose，uncover，reveal牛刀小试
(1)________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
A．Exposed
B．Having exposed
C．Being exposed
D．After being exposed解析：选C。句意：暴露在阳光下太久将对一个人的皮肤有害。动名词作主
语，用系表结构表示状态。(2)His companions have threatened to________his crimes to the police.
A．impose B．express
C．enclose D．expose
解析：选D。句意：他的同伴曾威胁向警方揭露他的罪行。只有D项expose揭露，暴露符合题意。6I hate to contradict you，but in recent years，the Cannes Film Festival has shown special favour to American films.
我不想反对你，但是近几年，戛纳电影节对美国电影情有独钟。品味经典
①The report contradicts what we heard yesterday.
这个报告与我们昨天听到的有矛盾。
②The two stories contradict each other.
这两种说法相互抵触。自我探究
contradict vt.&vi.反驳，驳斥；与……矛盾，与……抵触。归纳拓展
contradictory adj.互相矛盾的
contradiction n.矛盾
contrary adj.相反的&n.相反
on the contrary恰恰相反，与此相反牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)她不愿在众人面前反驳她丈夫。
She doesn’t like to____________her husband in public.contradict(2)她的言行似乎不一致。
There seems to be
a____________between her word and action.
contradiction7Some people remark that it has taken a step backwards，and is beginning to resemble the Academy Awards in Hollywood too much.
一些人评论说它在退步，而且开始太多地模仿好莱坞的奥斯卡金像奖。品味经典
①She resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.
她说话时打手势的动作像她妈妈。②No animals in other parts of the world resemble kangaroos.
世界其他地方的动物没有一种与袋鼠类似的。自我探究
resemble vt.意思为“看起来像；
类似”，其后常跟介词in，表示“在某方面相似”。不用于进行时，也不用于被动结构。归纳拓展
resemble closely极像
resemble faintly (strongly)略(酷)似
resemble in...在……方面像……
resemble in appearance外表相似
resemblance n.相像，相似牛刀小试
(1)For weeks after，I would see a girl on the street who________my daughter and hope in my heart that it was Jane.
A．identified B．imitated
C．resembled D．liberated解析：选C。句意：在之后的几星期，我在街上总看见一个很像我女儿的小女孩，我心中真的希望她就是简。resemble意为“相似，像”；identify意为“把……看成同一个东西；视为相
同”；imitate意为“模仿，仿效”；liberate意为“使……获自由，解放”。(2)Mike’s close________to his brother made people mistake them for one another.
A．resemblance B．identity
C．appearance D．relationship解析：选A。句意：迈克和他弟弟长得十分像，人们常把他们俩认错。这四个名词中resemblance后面可接介词to，表示“与……相似”。relationship后面接to时意为“和……的关系”。8At our festival，Hollywood films are in the minority，while films that are likely to be overlooked at other festivals，for example at Cannes，have a real chance of becoming chmpions.
在我们的电影节上，好莱坞影片只占少数，而在别的电影节(例如戛纳电影节)上可能被忽视的影片，则有真正夺魁的机会。品味经典
①Our garden is overlooked by our neighbour’s windows.
从邻居的窗户可以看到我们的花园。②He overlooked a spelling error on the first page.
他没有看出第一页中有拼写错误。
③He was overlooked when they set about choosing a new manager.
选任新经理时他们没有考虑他。自我探究
overlook vt.意为“俯瞰；未注意到；忽视，忽略”。牛刀小试
She________his rudeness and tried to pretend nothing had happened.
A．noticed B．minded
C．cared for D．overlooked
解析：选D。句意为“她不理会他的粗鲁举动，竭力装作若无其事的样
子”。overlook不理会；mind介意，若选mind后面的连词就应用but，而不是and；care for喜欢，照顾；notice注意到，留意。9Our policy is to include high-quality films，regardless of who makes them.
我们的政策是囊括高质量的电影，不考虑是谁制作了它们。品味经典
①He continued speaking，regardless of my feelings on the matter.
他不顾及我在此事上的感受继续往下说。②All our proposals were rejected，regardless of their merit.
我们所有的建议都遭到拒绝，不管这些建议的价值如何。自我探究
regardless of意为“不管，不顾”。归纳拓展
regard v.&n.以为……是……；注意，关注
regard n.致意，问候(复数)
as regards关于；至于in this/that regard在这方面，在这一点上
in/with regard to sb./sth.关于，
至于……
牛刀小试
He went ahead and did it，________the consequences.
A．according to B．regardless of
C．in addition to D．in terms of解析：选B。句意：他说干就干了，没有考虑后果。according to“根据”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；in addition to“除……之外(还)”；in terms of“从……的观点，从……的角度”。故本题选B项。10We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we show—as long as a film’s quality meets our standards，we include it. 我们对展映的影片种类没有限制——只要一部影片的质量符合了我们的标准，我们就会选中它。品味经典
①As long as you don’t betray me，I’ll do whatever you ask me to (do)．
只要你不出卖我，要我做什么我都愿意。②We’ll ship the goods at an early time as long as there is a steamer.
只要有船，我们就尽早装货。
自我探究
此句是一个复合句。as long as a film’s quality meets our standards是一个条件状语从句。归纳拓展
as long as＝so long as“只要”引导条件状语从句，其他可以引导条件状语从句的连词还有：if“如果”；unless＝if...not“如果不”“除非”；in case“万一”；on condition that“条件是”；suppose/supposing (that)“假设”＝providing/provided (that)“假设”。牛刀小试
My parents don’t mind what job I do______ I am happy.
A．even though B．as soon as
C．as long as D．as though解析：选C。A项意为“即使”；B项意为“一……就……”；C项意为“只要”；D项意为“似乎，好像”。句意为“只要我快乐我的父母不介意我做什么工作”。11Joining us in the studio are Isabel Rose from the Cannes Film Festival，Hanz Muller from the Berlin International Film Festival，Kathy Barnes from the Sundance Film Festival，Maria Bella from the Venice Film Festival，Mike Taylor from the Toronto International Film Festival and Xu Li from the Shanghai International Film Festival.
和我们一起在演播室的嘉宾有：来自戛纳电影节的伊莎贝尔·罗斯，来自柏林国际电影节的汉茨·穆勒，来自圣丹斯电影节的凯西·巴恩斯，来自威尼斯电影节的玛丽亚·贝拉，来自多伦多国际电影节的迈克·泰勒，还有来自上海国际电影节的徐立。品味经典
①Standing under the tree are Mr. Smith and his wife. 站在树下的是史密斯先生和他的太太。②Sitting with our headmaster is an American friend.
与我们校长坐在一起的是一位美国朋友。 自我探究
本句是倒装句，主语部分是Isabel Rose from the Cannes Film Festival，Hanz Muller from the Berlin International Film Festival，Kathy Barnes from the Sundance Film Festival，Maria Bella from the Venice Film Festival，Mike Taylor from the Toronto International Film Festival and Xu Li from the Shanghai International Film Festival，谓语部分是are joining us in the studio。本句采用倒装句式的目的是为了避免句子的头重脚轻。牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)墙上挂着两幅画。
On the wall____________________.
(2)大门两旁有两个石狮子。
______________________________are two stone lions.hang two picturesSitting on both sides of the gate12It was then that Robert Redford became its sponsor and changed the focus to independent films，often made on very modest budgets.
那时罗伯特·雷德福成了赞助商，他将电影节的重点转移到独立制片的影
片，且制作不用太大的经费。自我探究
本句是强调句，强调的对象是副词担任的状语。牛刀小试
(1)It wasn’t until nearly a month later________I received the manager’s reply.
A．since B．when
C．as D．that解析：选D。本句是强调句，正常语序是I didn’t receive the manager’s reply until nearly a month later。(2)It is what you do rather than what you say__________matters.
A．that B．what
C．which D．This
解析：选A。本句是强调句，正常语序是What you do rather than what you say matters。13Many of them are American，but we reject the idea that we have lost our edge as the best international film festival in the world.
其中许多都是美国影片，但我们不接受这种观点，我们已经丧失了我们作为最佳国际电影节的优势。品味经典
There’s a feeling in me that we’ll never know what a UFO is —not ever.
我有一种感觉，我们将永远不会知道不明飞行物是什么——永远都不会。自我探究
本句是由that引导的同位语从句。归纳拓展
连词that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact，hope，desire，thought，suggestion，idea，news，problem，possibility等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，that只起引导作用，不充当任何成份，不能省略。牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)他们为什么嘲笑他将在明年退休的想法？
_________________________________
_________________________________(1)Why do they laugh at the idea
that he will retire next year?(2)他建议我们坐火车去。
__________________________________________________________________
He made the suggestion that we
go by train(3)他的口音显露出他是外国人。
__________________________________________________________________His accent betrayed the fact that
he was foreign译文助读
Important film events around the world
Host：Welcome to our weekly programme，Movie Magic. Our guests today are representatives from six of the major international film festivals.These spokeswomen and spokesmen will tell us about the festivals they represent.Joining us in the studio are Isabel Rose from the Cannes Film Festival, Hanz Muller from the Berlin International Film Festival, Kathy Barnes from the Sundance Film Festival, Maria Bella from the Venice Film Festival，Mike Taylor from the Toronto International Film Festival and Xu Li from the Shanghai International Film Festival.Welcome, everyone! Maria，do tell us a little about the Venice Film Festival.
Maria：Well, I think it is rather appropriate for me to begin our discussion.The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world. It is an annual festival that began in 1932. Our festival is part of a larger festival which applaudscontemporary art. We view film as a particular type of contemporary art.
Host：Kathy, please tell us about the Sundance Film Festival.
Kathy：Unlike the Venice Film Festival, the Sundance Film Festival only includes small, independent films. That is, the main criterion for being included is that the film must not be financed by Hollywood studios.
Maria：Kathy, I don’t like to argue, but in defence of the Venice Film Festival，I have to point out that we don’t just have Hollywood films. Our policy is to include high-quality films regardless of who makes them. We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we show－as long as a film’s quality meets our standards, we include it.Kathy：The Sundance Film Festival deliberately boycotts all Hollywood films，and we don’t foresee ever including them.The initial idea for our festival was hatched back in 1978, when it was known as the Utah/US Film Festival. However, it was not well known until 1981.It was then that Robert Redford became its sponsor and changed the focus to independent films, often made on very modest budgets. It was given its new name－the Sundance Film Festival－in 1991. Redford has acted in and directed many big Hollywood films, but wanted to expose the public to films made outside of the Hollywood system that ordinary people might have no access to otherwise. Nowadays, if a film wins an award at Sundance, there is a good chance it will become famous!Isabel：Cannes is another festival that can make films famous. Many films are first shown to the public at the Cannes Film Festival, and if a film wins, everyone will hear about it. I think it is fair to say that Cannes is the most famous and exciting festival.Hanz：I hate to contradict you, but in recent years, the Cannes Film Festival has shown special favour to American films. Some people remark that it has taken a step backwards, and is beginning to resemble the Academy Awards in Hollywood too much.Isabel：Well, yes, films shown at Cannes are often made with large budgets, and have well-known actors and directors. Many of them are American, but we reject the idea that we have lost our edge as the best international film festival in the world. We always show a broad range of films from many different countries. In fact, the Cannes Film Festival was started in 1939 because many people felt the Venice Film Festival was giving awards to only German and Italian films.Hanz：Well, in my opinion, the Berlin International Film Festival is one of the most international of all the film festivals. Since it began in 1951, we have given awards to films from all around the globe. At our festival，Hollywood films are in the minority，while films that are likely to be overlooked at other festivals，for example at Cannes, have a real chance of becoming champions.Mike：I’m the spokesman for the Toronto International Film Festival, which began in 1976 and soon became one of the major film festivals around the world.Each year, famous actors, actresses and directors come to Toronto, and the entire film world pays attention to who wins. It is the second largest festival in the world－only Cannes is bigger. We show films from many countries, though we do give some special awards to Canadian films.Xu Li：I represent the Shanghai International Film Festival. Our festival was founded in 1993, so we are perhaps the youngest festival. Even though we have only existed a short time, our festival has a good reputation worldwide. We have entries from many different countries and give the ‘Jinjue’ Award, or Golden Cup Award, to the film that we think is the best.全球重要的电影节
主持人：欢迎来到我们每周一期的节目《魅力电影》。我们今天的嘉宾是来自六个主要国际电影节的代表，这些发言人将与我们聊聊他们各自代表的电影节。和我们一起在演播室的嘉宾有：来自戛纳电影节的伊莎贝尔·罗斯，来自柏林国际电影节的汉茨·穆勒，来自圣丹斯电影节的凯西·巴恩斯，来自威尼斯电影节的玛丽亚·贝拉，来自多伦多国际电影节的迈克·泰勒，还有来自上海国际电影节的徐立。欢迎各位！玛丽亚,给我们谈谈威尼斯电影节吧。
玛丽亚：好的，我想让我来开始我们的讨论再合适不过。威尼斯电影节是世界上历史最悠久的电影节。电影节始于1932年，每年举办一次。我们的电影节是一个规模更大的展现当代艺术的文化节的组成部分。我们认为电影是当代艺术的一种特殊形式。
主持人：凯西，请告诉我们圣丹斯电影节的情况吧。
凯西：与威尼斯电影节不同，圣丹斯电影节的入选影片只包括小型的独立制作的影片，也就是说，影片入选的主要标准就是影片必须没有受到好莱坞电影公司的资助。
玛丽亚：凯西，我不想争论，但是我得为威尼斯电影节说句话，我得指出的是我们有的不只是好莱坞影片。我们的政策是选择高质量的影片，而不管是谁制作了它们。我们对展映的影片种类没有限制——只要一部影片的质量符合了我们的标准，我们就会选中它。
凯西：圣丹斯电影节一贯刻意抵制所有的好莱坞影片，我们预期今后也不会让它们参展。我们电影节最初的想法诞生于1978年，当时它被称为犹他州/美国电影节。但是它直到1981年才广为人知。那时罗伯特·雷德福成为电影节的赞助商，他将电影节的重点转移到独立制作的影片，这些电影往往依靠非常有限的预算制作。1991年，电影节被重新命名为圣丹斯电影节。雷德福曾出演并执导过许多好莱坞大片，但是他希望能让大众接触好莱坞体系之外制作的影片,否则这些影片很多普通人可能没有机会看到。现在，
如果一部电影能在圣丹斯电影节获得奖项，它就很可能一举成名！伊莎贝尔：戛纳电影节是另一个可以让电影成名的电影节。许多电影在戛纳电影节上都是首次向公众放映。如果一部影片在戛纳电影节上获奖，那么人人都会知道它。我认为可以公平地说，戛纳电影节是知名度最高、最激动人心的电影节。汉茨：我并不想反驳你,但是近几年，
戛纳电影节对美国影片情有独钟。一些人评论说它在退步，而且开始太多地模仿好莱坞奥斯卡金像奖。
伊莎贝尔：嗯，是这样的，戛纳电影节展出的电影通常都有大预算，有知名演员和导演。其中许多都是美国影片，但我们反对这种观点：我们已经在世界上丧失了我们作为最佳国际电影节的优势。我们一直都在展映来自许多不同国家风格迥异的影片。事实上，戛纳电影节创立于1939年，就是因为当时许多人觉得威尼斯电影节只给德国和意大利电影颁奖。
汉茨：嗯，我认为，柏林国际电影节是所有电影节中最国际化的一个。自从1951年创办以来，我们已为来自全球各地的影片颁奖。在我们的电影节上，好莱坞影片只占少数，而在别的电影节(例如戛纳电影节)上可能被忽视的影片，则有真正夺魁的机会。
迈克：我是多伦多国际电影节的发言人。多伦多电影节创立于1976年,很快
就成为了世界最重要的电影节之一。每年，著名的演员和导演汇集多伦多,
整个电影界都会关注谁得奖。它是世界上第二大电影节——仅次于戛纳电影节。我们的电影节展播许多国家的影片，但我们的确颁发一些特别奖给加拿大电影。徐立：我代表上海国际电影节。我们的电影节创立于1993年，因此我们可能是最年轻的电影节。尽管存在的时间短，我们的电影节却在全世界享有很好的声誉。我们有许多不同的国家送展的影片，并为我们认为是最佳的影片颁发金爵奖。课件65张PPT。Section Ⅱ Word power & Grammar and usage速效提能演练语法专题突破 Section Ⅱ重点难点探究重点难点探究1When they are，they are shot on location，which means that real streets，trees and buildings are used.
当电影是在真实场地拍摄时，它们拍摄的是外景，那意味着使用了真实的街道、树木和建筑物。品味经典
①The scene was shot on location.
这个景是实地拍摄的。②He had the idea of shooting them against a complete plain white background.
他有个主意，以纯白为背景给他们拍摄。自我探究
shoot vt.这里意为“拍摄，拍照”。归纳拓展
shoot vt.& vi.射击；射门，投篮
shoot at瞄准……；向……射击 (shoot表示射中，射死，shoot at表示瞄准，但不一定射中)shoot away连续射击
shoot down击落
shoot n．拍摄，摄影；幼苗，嫩芽牛刀小试
It was cruel________.
A．of Jim to shoot at the bird
B．for Jim to shoot at the bird
C．to shoot the bird of Jim
D．of Jim to shoot the bird解析：选D。句意：吉姆射死小鸟很残忍。考查it is adj. of sb. to do sth.句型。shoot at sth.向……射击；shoot sth.击中。2At the end of a film，the credits appear.
在一部影片的最后，出现字幕。品味经典
①They completed the highway at the end of last year.
他们在去年年底建好了那条高速公路。
②That shop is at the end of this street.
那家商店在这条街的尽头。自我探究
at the end of用于空间或时间方面，表示“在……的尽头，在……末
尾”。易混辨析
at the end of，by the end of，in the end
(1)at the end of表示“在……的末尾”,
既可用于时间方面,又可用于空间方面。
其反义短语是at the beginning of。(2)by the end of表示“到……结束
时”,只可用于时间方面。在表示过去的时间时,谓语动词就用过去完成时。
(3)in the end意为“最终，终于”，用作状语，修饰动词，不可与of连用。③We had finished Unit One by the end of last week.
到上周末，我们已学完了第一单元。
④Taiwan will turn back to our motherland in the end.
台湾最终会回到祖国的怀抱。牛刀小试
We’ll plant more than one hundred young trees________ the end of March this year.
A．at B．by
C．in D．for解析：选A。句意为“今年三月底我们要种一百多棵小树”。在此句中用at the end of...表示“在……底”，而by the end of表示“到……底(之前)”。3There are some important words that refer to filming.
有很多涉及摄影机的重要词汇。品味经典
①It can also refer to a conflict or disagreement，often involving violence.
这个词还可指冲突或不和，常涉及暴力行动。②For netmeeting instructions refer to Microsoft’s documentation or online help.
③English is referred to as a universal language.
英文被称为世界语言。自我探究
refer to意为“涉及，指的是”；“提及”；“参考”。归纳拓展
reference n.参考
with reference to关于
refer sb. to...让某人参考……
refer to...as...把……称作……牛刀小试
The problem just________to be discussed at next meeting.
A．referred is
B．referred to be
C．referring to is
D．referred to is解析：选D。句意：刚才提及的问题将在下次会议上解决，问题被提及，故应用过去分词。4In this case，dubbing actors will read the dialogue and it is recorded over the original talking.
在这种情况下，配音演员将会读这个对话并且这个对话将会被录制在原先的对话上。品味经典
①In this case，let’s start earlier.
既然这样，我们就早点开始。
②Time is an important consideration in this case.
在这种情况下，时间是一个要考虑的重要因素。自我探究
in this case意为“在这种情况下”。归纳拓展
in that case在那种情况下
in no case决不
in case以防，万一
in case of万一，如果
in any case无论如何
in the case of在……的情况下牛刀小试
(1)You may use the room as you like________you clean it up afterwards.
A．so far as B．so long as
C．in case D．even if
解析：选B。so long as＝as long as只要。(2)Please________me about the interview______I forget.
A．remind；in case
B．remember；in case
C．remember；in case of
D．remind of；in case of
解析：选A。句意：请提醒我那次会面，以防我忘了。in case以防,万一。
5The film was such a disappointment.
那部电影是如此令人失望。品味经典
①To my disappointment，my father doesn’t agree to buy me a new bike.
我父亲不同意给我买新自行车，我很失望。②That defeat was a surprise and a disappointment.
那次失败令人吃惊，令人失望。
自我探究
disappointment n．失望，令人失望的人或事。归纳拓展
to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是……
disappoint vt.& vi.(使)失望
disappointed感到失望的
disappointing令人失望的牛刀小试
The little boy，________at the exam results，thought something by himself without saying anything.
A．disappointing B．disappointed
C．disappoint D．disappointment解析：选B。disappointed感到失望
的；disappointing令人失望的。6Reading them can tell you a lot about who worked on it.
阅读它们可以使你了解电影是谁制作的。品味经典
①Do you know that he has joined the army?
你知道他参军了吗？
②I’m sure that he will pass the exam.
我确信他会通过考试。自我探究
本句who引导的从句作介词about的宾语。归纳拓展
(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see，say，know，imagine，discover,believe,tell,show,think，consider等。
(2)that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。牛刀小试
翻译句子
(1)它可以追踪文件移动的位置，谁对它们进行了读写。
__________________________________________________________________It can track where the files go and
who reads and writes to them.(2)他是个好学生，就是有点粗心。
__________________________________________________________________
He is a good student except that
he is a little bit careless.7There are some important words that refer to filming.
有很多涉及摄影机的重要词汇。品味经典
①The only thing that we can do is give you some money. 我们能做的唯一的事情就是给你一些钱。
②Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
你知道他们谈论的人和事吗？自我探究
以上例子都是定语从句，引导词为that，that在以上定语从句中分别充当“主语”和“宾语”。牛刀小试
(1)These old pictures bring to their mind the college days________they spent together，________life was hard but happy.
A．when；whose B．which；whose
C．which；when D．when；which解析：选C。句意：这些旧照片把他们的思绪带回了他们一起度过的大学时光。那时生活艰苦但愉快。此题考查the college days为先行词的两个定语从句，第一空which在从句中作spent的宾语；第二空when在定语从句中作状语。(2)Put yourself in situations______you will be forced to communicate in English，and you will see more progress over time.
A．when B．that
C．where D．how解析：选C。句意：把自己置身于被迫用英语交流的环境中，过段时间你会看到自己更大的进步。where＝in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词situations。语法专题突破品味语法
1．Tom does study hard now.
现在汤姆的确学习很努力。
2．It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.
昨天午夜我回到家里。自我探究
强调总体上分两种,一种是用词强调，
另一种是用句式强调。讲解归纳
一、用词强调
二、用句式强调
课件119张PPT。Section Ⅲ Task & Project速效提能演练写作专题突破 Section Ⅲ重点难点探究重点难点探究1No reliable figures are available for money accumulated from popcorn sales...
没有数字表明这些钱来自于爆玉米花之类的小吃……品味经典
①Rubbish accumulates quickly if you don’t clear it regularly.
不定期打扫，就会很快积满垃圾。
②I’ve accumulated quite a lot of rare books over the years.
多年来，我积攒了大量的珍藏本。自我探究
accumulate vt.& vi.积累，聚积；逐渐增加。易混辨析
accumulate，collect，gather，heap，pile牛刀小试
(1)________energy under the earth must be released in one form or another，for example，an earthquake.
A．Accumulated B．Gathered
C．Assembled D．Collected解析：选A。句意：地球内部聚集的能量必须以一种方式，例如：地震释放出来。accumulate侧重一点一滴地聚积。(2)Everybody________in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.
A．assembled B．accumulated
C．piled D．joined
解析：选A。assemble相当于gather into a group or into one place。2That fantasy is reality for Harry Potter.
这个幻想对哈利·波特来说就是一个现实。品味经典
①He lived in a fantasy world of his
own,even as a small boy.
甚至还是个小孩子的时候，他就生活在一个幻想世界里。②The young man lives in a world of fantasy.
这个年轻人生活在幻想的世界里。自我探究
fantasy n．[U]幻想，想象。易混辨析
fancy，fantasy，imagination
(1)fancy n．多指无事实依据的凭空想象，内容是虚构的。v．想象，认为。
(2)fantasy n．幻想，内容更是荒诞古怪。(3)imagination n．想象，依据的是所见、所闻或现实，内容一般是合理
的。牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)他的书通常是逃避现实的幻想作
品。
His books are usually escapist________.fantasies(2)他不能将幻想与事实分开。
He is unable to divorce________from________.
fantasyreality3The world of ordinary people exists parallel to the world of magic，but the ordinary people are not aware of it.
普通人生活的世界与魔法世界并存，但是普通人却没有意识到魔法世界的存在。品味经典
①In the parallel world，there might be an answer for everything.
在平行世界里，似乎有一切的答案。
②This line is a parallel with that one.
这两条线平行。自我探究
parallel adj.平行的；相似的n.相似的人或事物；相似特征。归纳拓展
be parallel to/with与……平行的，相应的
in parallel with与……同时
on a parallel with与……同等地
without a parallel in history史无前例
parallel vt.与……相似；同时发生牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)这有两条平行线。
There are two________________.
(2)他跟乞丐差不多。
He was________________the beggar.parallel linesparallel with4The skill with which these three become their characters is one of the film’s main attractions.
这三位演员扮演角色时所表现出来的技巧是这部电影的主要亮点之一。品味经典
①She felt an immediate attraction to him. 她对他一见钟情。
②The main attraction of the place is the nightlife.
这个地方最具吸引力的是夜生活。自我探究
attraction在以上例子中的意思分别是“吸引”、“有吸引力的地方”。归纳拓展
magnetic/gravitational attraction磁引力/地球引力
attract vt.吸引，引诱；vi.引人注意
attract away吸引走
attract to吸引，引起……的好感牛刀小试
Niagara Falls is a great tourist________，drawing millions of visitors every year.
A．attention B．attraction
C．appointment D．arrangement解析：选B。attraction意思是“有吸引力的地方”。
5I think this is more to show off the special effects than to help the film’s plot.
我认为这更多的炫耀电影的特技，而不是表现电影的情节。品味经典
①She loves showing off her new dress.
她喜欢炫耀自己的新衣服。
②Gold hangings were used to show off the pictures.
金色的吊帘被用来突出那些图片。自我探究
show off在以上例子中的意思分别是“炫耀”，“使……突出”。归纳拓展
show around领……参观
show sb. in迎进
show through显露出，表露出
show up使显示出；到场，出席；羞辱牛刀小试
(1)迈克驾车来酒店，只是为了炫耀他的那辆新车。
Mike has only driven to the pub to________________his new car.show off(2)大家都到齐了，我就带你们参观农场吧。
Now that you are all here，let me________you________our farm.showaround6This shows that the film-makers did not give enough thought to who the audience of the film would be.
这表明电影制作人并没有充分考虑到电影的观众会是谁。品味经典
Let the wise give thought to these things.
凡有智慧的必在这事上留心。自我探究
give thought to...＝give...thought意思是“考虑某事”。牛刀小试
完成句子
(1)我没有把它挂在心上，晚上安然就寝。
I________________________and at night I went to bed peacefully.gave it little thought (2)他根本没有考虑自己的人身安全。
He________________________his own safety.never gave any thought to7What an amazing film!
多么令人惊叹的一部电影啊！
品味经典
①What a beautiful lake!
多么美的湖啊！
②What a great man!
多么伟大的人啊！
③How difficult!
多难啊！自我探究
以上例句是感叹句，句中省略了谓语动词。归纳拓展
英语中的感叹句有以下几种形式：(3)How＋主语＋谓语
④What good news (it is)！多好的消息啊！
⑤What a perfect ending (it is)！多么完美的结局啊！⑥How well she dances！她跳得多好啊！
⑦How beautiful a picture (it is)！多美的一幅画啊！
⑧How he worked！他工作多么努力啊！牛刀小试
单项填空
(1)The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle.________it was!
A．What a dangerous scene
B．What dangerous a sceneC．How a dangerous scene
D．How dangerous the scene
解析：选A。根据感叹句型“What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语”及“How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语”可知，选项中只有A项切题。翻译句子
(2)多么聪明的孩子啊！
_________________________________
(3)多么有趣的电影啊！
_________________________________What a clever boy！What an interesting film!8However，he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both of whom were murdered by an evil wizard...
然而,后来他发现他的父亲是个巫师、
母亲是个女巫，他们其实都是被一个邪恶的巫师杀害的……品味经典
①The Greens have two daughters，both of whom are college students.
格林夫妇有两个女儿，她们都是大学生。②There are three girls in the room，the tallest of whom is Tom’s sister.
房间里有三个女孩，其中个子最高的是汤姆的姐姐。自我探究
以上句子是非限制性定语从句，关系代词whom作介词的宾语。指人时用whom，指物时用which。归纳拓展
定语从句中关系代词的用法分类：牛刀小试
(1)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of ______left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A．whom B．which
C．them D．those解析：选A。由句子结构可知“many of ______”引导定语从句，先行词是“1,000 people”，表示人，故用
whom。(2)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors，________are beyond our control.
A．most of them B．most of which
C．most of what D．most of that解析：选B。由句子结构可知“________are...”是个非限制性定语从句，故应用most of which。(3)There are two buildings，________stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A．the larger
B．the larger of them
C．the larger one that D．the larger of which
解析：选D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings；选B句子缺少连词。
9The effects are all made with the computer，and are really exciting to watch.
所有的特技都是用电脑制作的，看起来真的很激动人心。品味经典
①The question is difficult to answer.
这个问题很难回答。
②The chair is comfortable to sit on.
椅子坐起来很舒服。③He is a person easy to persuade.
他是一个很容易被劝服的人。
自我探究
该句型是：“sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do”。归纳拓展
(1)形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如easy，difficult，hard，important等；(2)不定式与句子的主语是动宾关系，但用不定式的主动形式表被动含义；(3)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语(for sb.)。牛刀小试
(1)In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant________.
A．to deal with B．dealing with
C．to be dealt with D．dealt with解析：选A。题干属于“sth.＋be ＋adj. ＋to do”句型，其中的不定式用主动形式表被动含义。(2)Today’s homework was easy________，so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
A．to be done B．done
C．doing D．to do解析：选D。题干“sth. ＋be ＋adj. ＋to do”句型，不定式用主动形式表被动含义。10While the sport of Quidditch is a vital part of the book and of Harry’s school experience，I feel that too much time is devoted in the film to showing it. 虽然魁地奇比赛是书中很重要的一部分，也是哈利在魔法学校的一部分重要经历，我觉得影片用了太多的时间来表现它。品味经典
While/Though/Although the teacher loves her students，she is very strict with them.
尽管这个老师爱她的学生，她对他们的要求还是非常严格的。自我探究
此类句子是由while引导的让步状语从句。牛刀小试
(1)________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A．However a serious problem
B．What a serious problem
C．However serious a problemD．What serious a problem
解析：选C。本题考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你的问题有多严重，你都应当鼓起勇气来接受挑战。what不能用来引导状语从句,排除B、D两项；however
＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＝whatever＋a/an＋adj.＋单数名词，故选C。(2)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities，________they have the interest.
A．wherever B．whenever
C．even if D．as if解析：选C。句意：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于没时间做户外活动，即使他们对做户外活动很感兴趣。even if即使，引导让步状语从句。wherever无论什么地方；whenever无论什么时候；as if好像。译文助读
Harry Potter and the
Philosopher’s Stone (2001)
What an amazing film！Who has not dreamt of finding out that he or she is really someone special and famous?That fantasy is reality for Harry Potter (played by Daniel Radcliffe). Harry, a sensitive young boy who has a scar on his forehead, has been living with his relatives, the Dursleys. His uncle abuse him; his aunt ignores him, and his cousin hates him. At first, Harry thinks that his parents were killed in a car crash when he was a baby. However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch，both of whom were murdered by an evil wizard－the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.
Harry discovers that he possesses a wizard’s powers too, and that he already has a reputation in the world of witches and wizards because of his parents.
Hagrid (played by Robbie Coltrane) is a very large person who works at Hogwarts, a special institution for young witches and wizards. He comes to rescue Harry from the Dursleys and take him to the school. They have a few adventures along the way, and Harry is introduced to a whole new world he never knew about－the world of magic. The world of ordinary people exists parallel to the world of magic, but the ordinary people are not aware of it.On the train to school, Harry makes two new friends, Ron Weasley (played by Rupert Grint) and Hermione Granger (played by Emma Watson). Together they learn about their new school and the special curriculum there. Harry has contradictory feelings about his new life. At first, he enjoys it, but later he learns that the evil wizard, Voldemort, is the one who killed his parents.Harry and his partners have a fierce battle with Voldemort to save themselves and their magic world.The film is full of special effects.Watching Harry zoom around on a flying broom could make you feel dizzy，and the school
sport of Quidditch is
fantastic. The effects are all made with the computer， and are really exciting to watch.
All of this is wonderful, but the best part of the film is the acting. This is surprising as the three young actors playing the characters of Harry, Ron and Hermione did not have much experience as actors before making this film.The skill with which these three become their characters is one of the film’smain attractions. They do very well even compared with the adult actors，such as Alan Rickman(Professor Snape), Richard Harris (Headmaster Dumbledore) and Maggie Smith (Professor McGonagall)．
J. K. Rowling, the author of the Harry Potter books, approved the final script of the film. However, many people have complained that the film is too long. At 142 minutes, it is almost a half hour longer than an average film.While the sport of Quidditch is a vital part of the book and of Harry’s school experience, I feel that too much timeis devoted in the film to showing it. I think this is more to show off the special effects than to help the film’s plot.Also, it disappoints me that several interesting scenes are not shown in the film.Many people also complain that the film has a tendency to spend too much time showing Harry’s life with the Dursleys. This shows that the film-makers did not give enough thought to who the audience of the film would be. Most people who went to see the film had read the book before going to the cinema. They would already know that Harry is not happy with the Dursleys.The important and interesting parts of the film occur in the world of magic. Much of this early part of the film could have been skipped, and more time could have been spent at Hogwarts.
Even with these slight drawbacks, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone is still a great film, and I certainly recommend it！《哈利·波特与魔法石》(2001)
多么令人惊叹的一部电影啊！谁没有梦想过发现自己实际上是特别的而且是出名的大人物？这个幻想对哈利·波特(丹尼尔·拉德克利夫饰)来说就是现实。哈利是个敏感的小男孩，他的额头上有一块伤疤，他一直与他的亲戚德思礼一家生活在一起。他的姨父虐待他,
姨妈不重视他，表兄讨厌他。起初哈利认为他的父母是在他还是婴儿的时候死于一场车祸。但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是位巫师，母亲是名女巫，他们都是被一名邪恶的巫师(也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师)杀害。 哈利发现自己也拥有巫师的神奇魔力，而且由于他父母的缘故，他在魔法界已经很有名。
海格(罗比·科特瑞恩饰)非常高大，在霍格沃茨魔法学校工作。霍格沃茨魔法学校是一所为年轻巫师而设的特别学校。海格从德思礼家中救出哈利，把他带到学校。一路上，他们经历了一些奇遇，哈利被带到了他以前从来不知道的全新世界——魔法世界。普通人生活的世界与魔法世界并存，但是普通人却没有意识到魔法世界的存在。 在去魔法学校的火车上，哈利结识了两位新朋友，罗恩·韦斯莱(鲁珀特·格林特饰)和赫敏·格兰杰(埃玛·沃森饰)。他们一起了解了他们的新学校和那里的特殊课程。对于新生活，哈利有一种矛盾的心情。起初，他很喜欢新生活，但是后来，他知道了邪恶巫师伏地魔就是杀死他父母的人。为了拯救自己和魔法世界,
哈利和他的伙伴们与伏地魔展开了激烈的斗争。
电影充满特技。看着哈利骑在飞天扫帚上疾驰会让你觉得眩晕，而魔法学校的魁地奇运动则荒诞不经。所有的特技都是用电脑制作，看起来真是激动人心。
这一切都非常精彩，但这部电影最好的部分是演员的演技。真的令人惊讶,
因为在影片中扮演哈利、罗恩和赫敏的三位小演员在出演这部电影之前并没有多少表演经验。
这三位演员扮演角色时所表现出来的技巧是这部电影的主要亮点之一。即使与成人演员相比，例如艾伦·里克曼(饰演斯内普教授)、理查德·哈里斯(饰演邓布利多校长)和玛吉·史密斯(饰演麦格教授)，三位小演员也表现极佳。 哈利·波特系列的作者J.K.罗琳认可了最终的电影剧本。然而，许多人抱怨电影太长了。142分钟，比一般的电影几乎要长半个小时。虽然魁地奇运动是书中很重要的一部分，也是哈利在魔法学校经历中很重要的一部分，但我还是觉得影片用了太长的时间来表现它。我认为这更多地炫耀电影的特技,而不是有助于表现电影的情节。
还有，一些有趣的场景没有在电影中表现出来，这一点令我失望。
许多人还抱怨电影有意花了太多的时间来描述哈利与德思礼一家在一起的生活。这表明电影制作人并没有充分考虑到电影的观众会是谁。去看电影的大多数人在这之前都已经读过书
了。他们已经知道哈利与德思礼一家在一起时是不开心的。影片最重要、最有趣的部分发生在魔法世界，电影开始部分的很多地方本可跳过，更多的时间本可花在霍格沃茨魔法学校。
虽然存在这些小缺陷，《哈利·波特与魔法石》仍然是一部很棒的电影，我当然要推荐它！写作专题突破【写作要求】
当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择电影，有人喜欢读原著。你们学校以“Film or book，which do you prefer？”为题举行了一次演讲比赛，请按照下列要点写一篇演讲稿。1．看电影：省时、有趣、易懂；
2．读原著：细节更多、语言优美；
3．我的看法及理由。
注意：1.词数150左右；2．参考词汇：original work/book (原著)。
_________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________【要点词汇】
1．原著 _______________
2．而且 ____________________
3．相反观点 ____________________
4．细节 _____________________original workwhat’s more/besidesthe opposite opiniondetailed information5．同时 ________________
6．就我而言
_________________________________
7．总之 ________________
meanwhileas far as I’m concerned/in my opinion in a word【句式结构】
1．我们有些人认为看电影比读原著更好。
Some of us think that ____________ to see the film ______ to read the book in the original.
it is betterthan2．而且，电影比书更有趣更容易懂。
____________，the film is much more interesting and ____________________ than the book.
3．就我而言，我宁愿读原著。
_____________________，I _______ reading the original work.What’s moreeasier to understandAs far as I’m concernedprefer4．总之，读原著比看改编的电影更好。
____________，to read the original work is better than to see the film ____________ it.In a wordbased on【连句成篇】
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________【佳作欣赏】
Ladies and gentlemen，
The topic of my speech today is “Film or book，which do you prefer？” Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story. What’s more, the film is much more interesting and easier to understand than the book.However，some others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful.As far as I’m concerned, I prefer reading the original work. In my opinion, books lead us to think，while seeing the film makes us lazy. Besides, reading the original work can also improve our reading skills. In a word，to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
That’s all. Thank you for listening!
【类文点津】
演讲稿的目的是用于讲话，所以语言上要“上口”，“入耳”，一方面要把口头语言变成书面语言,规范文字，
另一方面还要把较为严肃的书面语言转化为易听易明的口语。演讲稿一般分为开场白、正文、结尾三部分，在开场白部分要点明主题，提出问题；正文部分要有重点，有层次的写作；最后结尾要归纳升华主题,
留下思考。课件16张PPT。Unit 4 Films and film events 教材背景链接 1.《泰坦尼克号》
一个人一生可以爱上很多的人，等你获得真正属于你的幸福之后，你就会明白以前的伤痛其实是一种财富，它让你学会更好地去把握和珍惜你爱的
人。One may fall in love with many people during the lifetime.When you finally get your own happiness，you will understand the previous sadness is kind of treasure，which makes you better to hold and cherish the people you love.2．《飞屋环行记》
幸福，不是长生不老,不是大鱼大肉，
不是权倾朝野。幸福是每一个微小的生活愿望达成。当你想吃的时候有得吃，想被爱的时候有人来爱你。Happiness is not about being immortal nor having food or rights in one’s hand. It’s about having each tiny wish come true，or having something to eat when you are hungry or having someone’s love when you need love.Film class
我们用心拍摄属于自己的青春故事What makes a good movie？A famous director，well-known actors，or a complicated plot？The 26-minute movie Carry Your Dream Through to the End (《将梦想进行到底》)doesn’t have any of these things.Yet it has won thousands of young people’s hearts.Three Senior 3 students Shen Xiong，Lai Lunhao，and Peng Yunbo from Xiangtan No.2 High School in Hunan province，made the movie all by themselves during summer vacation.“Shooting a movie at high school is an experience that I will never forget as long as I live，”said the director Lai proudly.
The plot of the movie is simple. It describes how Senior 3 student Zhou Zixi pursues his dream of becoming a top broadcaster(播音员)and host.He keeps going despite the difficulties he meets along the way — his father loses his job and Zhou does not pass the college entrance examination.
“The character is a reflection of ourselves，” said Shen，who wrote the script and played the main character.“To make myself breathe steadily，I try to do 100 push-ups every day，just like Zhou does in the movie，”Shen recalled.“I never think of quitting.I dream of going to the Central Academy of Drama.”Shen and his two friends take acting，playwriting(编剧)and directing courses in addition to other senior high school subjects.The movie was a way for them to practice their professional skills at the same time as pursuing their dreams，so they decided to give it an inspiring theme.“It’s all about youth and dreams.So no romantic love，
then，”Peng said jokingly.
But shooting a movie is not easy— especially when all you have is a camera，a DV and a couple of tripods(三脚架)．The boys went around almost the whole city to find the right place to
act .They talked to classmates and passengers and asked them to help out.They persuaded a number of shops to sponsor(赞助)the movie.Almost two months of hard work has paid off.The movie has been clicked more than 10,000 times on the Internet.In one scene，Zhou is riding a bicycle across a long bridge.The famous music from Old Boys(《老男孩》)plays in the background.“Dreams are always so far away.Should I give up？...”In shooting the film，the three boys have answered this question—they’ll never give up.
By Chen Yuanyuan，
21st Century Teens Staff
