备战中考 初中英语 重点题型三 任务型阅读理解 讲练（含答案）

重点题型三　任务型阅读理解
(2021·山东菏泽中考阅读理解第二节)Poverty(贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary(平凡的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
After graduating from Beijing Normal University in 2016, Huang Wenxiu gave up the chances to work in big cities and returned to her hometown of Baise in Guangxi and served as the village's Party chief. A total of 418 villagers were lifted out of poverty thanks to her efforts. Unluckily, she died in a flash flood at the age of 30 while driving back to her village in Baise. She was given the title “role model of the times” by the central government.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield(产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capita income(人均收入) reached 12，670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
56．How does China help poor people to fight poverty
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57．What prize was given to Huang Wenxiu
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58．How do young people sell oranges in Mao Xianglin's village
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59．请把文中的画线句子翻译成汉语。
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60．请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
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【答案】
56．China tries to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty.
57．She was given the title “role model of the times” by the central government.
58．Young people sell oranges online.
59．他们花了七年时间修了一条八千米长的路。
60．Two ordinary people
微技法1　细节理解
此类试题是对文章中的细节设问，可以在答题前快速浏览问题，带着问题有的放矢地阅读文章，获取与问题有关的信息；同时要注意，句首单词首字母要大写，人称、时态、语法是否正确。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 56.How does China help poor people to fight poverty
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【解析】根据第一段第三句可知答案。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例2.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 57.What prize was given to Huang Wenxiu
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【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知答案。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例3.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 58.How do young people sell oranges in Mao Xianglin's village
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【解析】根据最后一段倒数第三句可知答案。
微技法2　把握句式结构及固定搭配
英译汉所翻译的句子主要为包含固定句型或短语的单句以及when和because引导的状语从句。解答这类题目，考生可参考以下方法：
1．确定句子结构。根据句子内容，主要确定谓语动词，确定该句是五种句子结构的哪一种，不要被定语、状语等修饰语迷惑住。
2．使用正确的搭配。由于谓语动词需要其正确的搭配，所以英译汉不能随心所欲、不能改变其固定搭配，不能违背习惯用法。
3．注意修饰成分。除了句子结构正确以外，定语、状语、插入语等必须要翻译出来，最后核实表达是否符合汉语表达习惯。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 59.请把文中的画线句子翻译成汉语。
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【解析】It took sb. some time to do sth. 他们花了七年时间修了一条八千米长的路。
微技法3　主旨大意/标题归纳
此类试题有两种形式。一种是对文章的主旨大意设问，一般为总结性句子，在文章末尾，通过主旨句或感想呈现，但仍需通篇考虑，并且确保人称、时态等方面正确无误。另一种是标题归纳。标题归纳题是给文章拟标题，形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多，涵盖性强，能覆盖全文大意。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 60.请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
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【解析】 本文主要介绍了两个帮助人们脱贫致富的人物事例。INCLUDEPICTURE"三级标题-重难题型精练a.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "三级标题-重难题型精练a.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Passage 1
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
人物故事 记叙文 ★★★☆☆
Lang Lang, a Chinese pianist, is very popular with young people all over the world. He showed his great talent for playing the piano at the age of 2 and he took piano lessons at 3. When he was 5, he won his first prize in the Shenyang Piano Competition. When he was 15, he became the first Chinese student at the Curtis Institute of Music(柯蒂斯音乐学院). On August 14th, 1999 he took the place of Andre Watts, a well known American pianist, to play in a concert. His performance made him successful and famous all over the world.
Lang Lang has won many prizes and played in many big events. His wonderful performances make audience excited. It seems that he became successful because he was talented. Some people do think that way. However, working hard is also important. During his study, he worked very hard. He practiced for almost 20 hours a day.
Lang Lang, and other great people, have something in common—they all never stop practicing. Practice makes perfect! So we should learn from them.
1．Who is Lang Lang
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2．When did he become successful and famous all over the world
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3．How long did he practice every day
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4．请把画线句子翻译成汉语。
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5．请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
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Passage 2
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
人物故事 记叙文 ★★★☆☆
　　On January 26, 2020, Kobe Bryant, one of the most legendary NBA players in history was killed in a helicopter crash. He died at the age of 41 years old, together with his 13 year old daughter Gianna Bryant, who was regarded as a basketball prodigy(神童)．
After that, people from all walks of life have paid tribute(致敬) to the late basketball superstar—not just for his achievements on the court, but also for his spirit and the inspiration he has given to us.
He played 20 years with the Los Angeles Lakers and helped the team win five NBA championships. Because of the ways he played basketball, he got the nickname Black Mamba, and his spirit is known as the Mamba Mentality(曼巴精神)．
“Mamba Mentality is you're going, you're competing, you're not worried about the end result，” Bryant said. “It's all about focusing on the process and trusting in hard work.”
Once a reporter asked him, “Kobe, what's your secret to success？” Kobe asked him in reply, “Do you know what Los Angeles looks like at 4：00 a．m.？” The reporter shook his head. Kobe continued, “I knew it.” Finally, the reporter knew that it was impossible for such a hard working person to fail.
Although Bryant is no longer with us, the work he has done will keep inspiring us years after his death.
1．How old was Kobe Bryant when the helicopter crashed
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2．What have so many people paid tribute to Kobe Bryant for
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3．What should we do in study according to Mamba Mentality
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4．请把画线句子翻译成汉语。
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5．请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
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Passage 3
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
攀登高峰 说明文 ★★★★☆
　　We often see people waiting in line at supermarkets, theaters and amusement parks. Surprisingly, they even have to wait in line at Qomolangma.
During this year's climbing season, crowds of climbers became a long line near Qomolangma. The line is above the mountain's highest one—about 8，000 meters above sea level.
However, most people can only spend a few minutes at the summit(山顶) without extra oxygen(氧气) supplies. Twenty one mountaineers have died in the Himalayan mountains so far this year. This death count marks a four year high. No experience and poor weather have been the most common causes of death, USA Today reported.
Why do so many people risk their lives to climb the mountain
Studies suggest that people who take risks tend to perceive(认为) themselves are different from people who avoid risky activities. But for adventurers who are drawn to the Himalayas, reaching the summit of Qomolangma is a lifelong dream, according to Discovery News.
“Qomolangma is like a light that attracts people once they hear about it，” the US mountaineer Alan Arnette said.
Technological advances have also encouraged more people to climb the mountain. People can get high tech safety equipment more easily than before. And with the Internet, climbers know better than ever about how to reach the summit safely, Yahoo Travel noted.
The best time to climb the Himalayas is during the months of April and May, as well as some days in September and October.
1．Where do crowds of climbers wait in line
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2．What did some people die of during mountain climbing
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3．When is the best time to climb the Himalayas
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4．请把画线句子翻译成汉语。
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5．请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
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参考答案
【菏泽题型精练】
Passage 1
1．A Chinese pianist.　
2．On August 14th, 1999.　
3．For almost 20 hours a day.　
4．郎朗，和其他伟人有共同之处——他们从未停止练习。熟能生巧！所以我们应该向他们学习。
5．Practice makes perfect!
Passage 2
1．41 years old.　
2．His achievements on the court, his spirit and the inspiration he has given to people.　
3．We should focus on the process and trust in hard work in study.　
4．最后，这位记者明白，失败对于这样一个努力工作的人而言是不可能的。
5．Kobe Bryant　
Passage 3
1．Near Qomolangma.
2．No experience and poor weather.　
3．During the months of April and May, as well as some days in September and October.　
4．然而，没有额外的氧气供应，大部分人只能在山顶待几分钟。
5．Reasons for climbing Qomolangma