-2021-2022学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册第八单元 Green Living 单元测试（word版含答案解析）

Unit 8 Green Living
单元测试
本试卷共计120分，作答时间100分钟。
I. 语法填空.（10*1.5’=15’）
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones—the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces. But the US 1___________________ (have) more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly wasteful to tear them all down.
An enormous amount of energy and 2___________________ (resource) went into the construction of those houses. And it would take 3___________________ average of 65 years for the reduced carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources 4___________________ (lose) by destroying an old one. So in the broadest sense, the 5___________________ (green) home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling 6___________________ powering our buildings. They can’t deal with climate change without dealing 7___________________ existing buildings.
The oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that expand over time and let in more outside air.
8___________________ (fortune), there are a vast number of relatively simple changes 9___________________ can green older homes. And efficiency upgrades can save more than just the earth; they can help protect property owners from 10___________________ (rise) power costs.
II. 完形填空（20*1.5’=30’）
In 1952, my daddy traveled with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. This meant he would (1) a lot of time away from home.
As (2) came near, he called my mother and (3) why he would not be celebrating the holiday with us. Money was tight and he didn't have a way to get back to his (4). Though she was (5). Mother knew he was right. When she told us the news, it really (6) me, and I went to bed on Christmas Eve with a (7) heart.
When we (8) up on Christmas morning, Santa had conic. I still remember what gift we (9) that year. We were all happy with our gifts, so we went outside to play. As we were (10) I looked up and thought I saw my daddy in the distance I ran inside to tell Mother. She did not (11) me and told me not to make up stories. My mother (12) it just wasn't possible. (13) I was sure it was Daddy! I turned to go back outside when I heard familiar footsteps. Daddy was home! As I (14) into his arms, Daddy explained that he had tried (15) to get home for Christmas, but without success. At last, a group of the workers had decided to drive. But the (16) guy lived miles away. So Daddy started (17) on Christmas Eve until he arrived home. He had walked all night!
Though the (18) that year were wonderful, tile best gift was not found under the (19). Daddy's special surprise made this my most (20) Christmas.
1. A. save B. spend C. waste D. lose
2. A. Thanksgiving B. Easter C. Christmas D. New Year
3. A. wondered B. explained C. argued D. discussed
4. A. office B. Army C. church D. family
5. A. excited B. frightened C. surprised D. unhappy
6. A. puzzed B. calmed C. interested D. hit
7. A. light B. warm C. heavy D. strong
8. A. picked B. woke C. blew D. turned
9. A. received B. bought C. made D. sent
10. A. playing B. debating C. studying D. eating
11. A. recognize B. believe C. ignore D. understand
12. A. agreed B. warned C. realized D. added
13. A. But B. So C. And D. Or
14. A. sank B. rushed C. stepped D. escaped
15. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
16. A. nearest B. farthest C. earliest D. latest
17. A. running B. driving C. walking D. cycling
18. A. presents B. programs C. plans D. styles
19. A. stairs B. tree C. table D. shelf
20. A. fortable C.reasonable D. terrible
III. 阅读理解 (20*2’=40’)
A
Weighing too much can damage your health, and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world. Sleep might be one answer to the problem. A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.
Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had a tough time determining "which came first, the chicken or the egg." says Julie C. Lumeng of the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor. In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios seemed equally possible.
To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States. The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year. Three years later, the parents answered the same questions. By sixth grade, 18percent of kids involved in the study were obese.
The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender. It also
didn't matter how strict their parents were, or whether they were boys or girls. Obesity struck all of these groups equally. Instead, sleep seemed to be the key factor. Over the three years of study, the children averaged a healthy 9.5 hours of sleep a night. Some kids, however, slept a lot more or less than others.
For the sixth graders, every hour of sleep above the 9.5 houraverage was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being obese. Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders. Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity.
1. What does the underlined sentence on paragraph 2 imply
A. Scientists have found the exact causes of children's obesity.
B. There is always something difficult to understand through theory
C. The cause-effect relationship between weight and sleep isn't clear.
D. A person's weight has something to do with the amount of his sleep.
2. What did the interview find out
9.5 hours of sleep a night is enough for children.
B. The more a child sleeps, the healthier he will be.
C. Sixth graders need much more sleep than third graders.
D. One's race or gender has nothing to do with his weight.
3. How does the author develop the passage
A. By listing figures
B. By comparing different opinions
C. By providing examples
D. By conducting a survey
4. What is the suitable title for the passage
A. The benefits of enough sleep for children
B. Sleeping less increases the risk of obesity
C. Which comes first, ittle sleep or obesity
D. How many hours of sleep do children need
B
Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your car is. It can be discouraging.
You don't need to install (安装) an expensive GPS system to keep track of your car. That's too expensive. You would need to pay a monthly subscription fee just to use it. But is there a way to track your vehicle without spending a fortune Yes, now there is! A California-based start-up company was able to make this a reality. They created a tiny device that works with your smartphone, and it could be exactly what you're looking for! It's called TrackR Bravo. It's changing the way we keep track of the important things in our lives.
Install the free TrackR app on your smartphone, connect the app to your device and you're ready to go! Simply attach TrackR to whatever you want to keep an eye on. The entire process of setting it up only takes 5 minutes or less. You can attach it to your keys, wallet and anything else you don't want to lose. Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds.
Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the company created TrackR. This device is your VIP when you need to take care of important things.
If you forget where you park your car, take out your smartphone and open the TrackR app. Tap on the“lost item" sign on the screen and the app will tell you the exact location. This device is by no means expensive. TrackR only costs S29, a small price to pay for peace of mind. The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets. Put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! Attach it to your key or wallet, and never waste a minute rummaging the whole house for it.
Since you've been informed about this billiant invention, now attach it to everything that's important to you.
5. Why does the author mention the lost car in the first Paragraph
A. To explain how terrible the situation is.
B. To stress the importance of being cautious.
C. To lead to the topic concerning finding lost items.
D. To provide one common example about theft.
6. What's the feature of the TrackR app
A. The process of setting up the app is complex.
B. The cost of setting up the app is rather high.
C. The app is available in any electronic equipment.
D. The app helps locate the lost items in a short time.
7. The TrackR was created because ____________.
A. life is full of all kinds of pressure
B. tracking services cause financial burden
C. people want to keep their important items safe
D. GPS systems can not provide specific location
8. Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word "rummaging" in Paragraph 5
A. Searching
B. Destroying
C. Cleaning
D. Moving
C
On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:
We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the northern provinces: they were taught all your sciences; but when they came back to us, they were bad manners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods - they were totally good for nothing.
We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.
9. The passage is about ____________.
A. the talk between the Indians and the officials
B. the colleges of the northern provinces
C the educational values of the Indians
D. the problems of the Americans in the mid-eighteen century
10. The Indian chief's purpose of writing the letter seems to be to ____________.
A. politely refuse a friendly offer
B. express their opinions on equal treatment
C. show their pride
D. describe Indian customs
11. According to the letter, the Indians believed that ____________.
A. it would be better for their boys to receive some schooling
B. they were being insulted by the offer
C. they knew more about science than the officials
D. they had better way of educating young men
12. Different from the officials' view of education, the Indians thought ____________.
A. young women should also be educated
B. they had different goals of education
C. they taught different branches of science
D. they should teach the sons of the officials first
D
Never go into a supermarket hungry! This is a good piece of advice. If you go shopping for food before lunchtime, you'll probably buy more than you plan to. Unfortunately, however, just this advice isn't enough for consumers these days. Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. First, you check the weekly newspaper ads. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things. In other words, don't buy anything just because it's cheaper than usual!“New and Improved!" or“All Natural" on the front of a package influence you. Instead, read the list of ingredients(contents) on the back. Third, compare prices: that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands and different sizes of the same brand.
Another suggestion for consumers is to buy ordinary items instead of famous brands. Ordinary items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because producers don't spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren't very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.
Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercials, but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads. In other words, well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions: Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.
13. All the fllowing statements are true about the phrase“ordinary items" in Paragraph 2 except___.
A, ordinary items never say“New and Improved" or“All Natural"
B. ordinary products are usually cheaper than famous brands
C. producers spend less money on packaging of ordinary items
D. the quality of ordinary items is usually as good as that of famous brands
14. What does the writer think about ads
A. They are believable.
B. They are atractive.
C. They are full of misinformation.
D. They are helpful to consumers.
15. One of the author's suggestions to consumers is__.
A. to make use of ads
B. not to buy items with words like“New and Improved" or“All Natural"
C. to buy high quality items such as famous brands after lunch
D. to buy any ordinary items instead of famous brands
E
Managing your time is a lot like managing your money. 16 With 24 hours a day multiplied by seven days a week, your weekly time budget is 168 hours per week.
Step No.1: 17
Estimate the amount of time per week you spend on each activity, such as class time, athletics fitness, socializing with friends and other hobby time and so on.
Step No.2: Assess your use of time.
a) Add together the total time you will use per week.
b) Now subtract the total time from 168 hours.
If the number you get is negative, you have used more time than there is in a week. You should cut back in certain areas.
If you have time left over, ask yourself what choices can be made. 18 Volunteering Friends If your time used equals 168, great! Now take a look at any hours you may be spending in some areas that you want to start using in other ways.
Step No.3: Determine a goal and plan of action for better time use.
What would you most like to do to better manage your time You should consider using a calendar or planner. 19
Some tips: Color-code your calendar or planner by the activities listed above, and once you make a schedule, do your best to stick with it.
Step No.4: 20
You'll want to take a look at this again at the start of each term, if you get a job, or if you notice any changes in your physical or emotional condition.
Besides, it is advisable to make a long-term goal in the first year and work towards it in the very beginning.
A. You are in trouble.
B. This is a good start.
C. Repeat, when necessary.
D. Do you have time for more sleep
E. Figure out how you use your time each week.
F. Once you spend it, it's gone, so you have to make it all count.
G. It can help you keep track of time, proects, tasks and be more efficient.
IV. 写作. (35’)
1. 在最近的一.次主题为中学生课余时间.上网的英语班会上，同学们对上网的利弊争论不休，意见不能统一。作为班长，请你根据下列信息，作总结性发言。
要求: 1. 覆盖以上内容，可作适当发挥;
2.发言的开头和结尾已给出(不计入总词数);
3.词数: 120左右。
假设你叫李华，是一家 英文杂志社的心理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写信，提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥，征求你的意见。请你给她回一封信，谈谈你对该问题的见解。内容要点如下:
（1）健康比漂亮更重要:
（2）学生以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌和别人的看法;
（3）可通过多锻炼身体保持健康，要改变不良的饮食习惯:
（4）健康的心态也很重要。
注意:
（1）短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥:
（2）词数: 100 左右
（3）参考词汇: state of mind心态
Unit 8 Green Living
单元测试答案
I. 语法填空
【答案解析】
has
考查时态。Have作句子的谓语，主语是专有名词the US，故用第三人称单数形式。
resources
考查名词。Resource是可数名词，前面有an enormous amount of修饰，故用复数形式。
an
考查不定代词。An average of平均……，名词前如有空格，一般需填限定词。
lost
考查非谓语动词。Resources与lose是被动关系，故填过去分词作定语。
greenest
考查形容词最高级。此处表示“最环保的房子是……”，故填最高级形式。
and
考查连词。Heating, cooling和powering是并列关系，故填连词and。
with
考查介词。Deal with“处理”，是固定搭配。
8. Fortunately
考查词性转换。作句子的状语用副词，意为“幸运的是”。
that/ which
考查关系代词。此处引导定语从句，修饰changes，在从句中作主语。
rising
考查非谓语动词。介词from后用动名词形式。protect sb. from sth.“保护某人免受……”。
II. 完形填空
【答案解析】
B句意:这就意味着他将离开家很长时间。A.save节省; B.spend花费; C.waste浪费; D.lose丢失。结合句意，故选B。
C句意:圣诞节将近，他打电话给我妈妈，解释他为什么不能和我们一-起庆祝假期了。A.Thanksgiving感恩节; B.Easter 复活节; C.Chrstmas圣诞节: D.New Year新年。由下文I went
to bed on Christmas Eve with a (7) heart.可知，是指圣诞节。故选C。
B句意:圣诞节将近，他打电话给我妈妈，解释他为什么不能和我们一-起庆祝假期了。A.wondered想知道: B.explained 解释: C.argued 争吵; D.discussed 讨论。结合句意，故选B。
D句意:钱很紧，他没有办法回到家里。A.office 办公室; B.Army 军队; C.church教堂; D.family家庭。结合句意，故选D。
D句意:尽管妈妈不是很开心，但是她知道爸爸是对的。A.excited兴奋的;B.frightened害怕的;C.surprised惊讶的; D.unhappy 不开心的。结合句意，故选D。
6. D句意:当她告诉我们这个消息的时候，真地打击了我。A.puzzled使迷惑; B.calmed 镇静;
C.interested使感兴趣: D.hit打击。结合句意，故选D。
7. C句意:我怀着沉重的心情在平安夜睡觉。A.light 轻的; B.warm 温暖的; C.heavy 重的; D.strong强壮的。结合句意，故选C。
A句意:当我们在圣诞节的早晨醒来的时候。A.picked up捡起来; B.woke up醒来; C.blew (使)
爆炸;产生: D.turned up出现。结合句意，故选B。
A句意:我仍然记得我们那年收到的什么礼物。A.received收到: B.bought买: C.made制作; D.sent发送。结合句意，故选A。
A句意:当我们在玩的时候，我抬头一看，认为我看见了远方的爸爸。A.playing玩耍; B.debating争吵; C.studying 学习; D.eating吃。结合句意，故选A。
B句意:她不相信我，让我不要编故事。A.recognize 认识; B.believe 相信; C.ignore 忽略;
D.understand理解。结合句意，故选B。
12. D句意:我妈妈补充说那是不可能的。A.agreed同意; B.warned 警告; C.realized 意识到; D.added增加，补充。结合句意，故选D。
13. A句意:但是我确定是我爸爸。A.But但是; B.So 因此; C.And 和; D.Or或者。结合句意，故选A。
14. B句意:我冲到他怀里，爸爸解释说他已经想尽一切办法回家过圣诞节了。A.sank下沉; B.rushed冲; C.stepped 踏;以步测量: D.escaped 逃脱。结合句意，故选B。
C句意:我冲到他怀里，爸爸解释说他已经想尽一切办法回家过圣诞节了。A.anything 任何事;B.something一些事: C.everything 一切事;D.nothing什么都没有。结合句意，故选C。
16. A句意:但最亲密的人住在很远的地方。A.nearest 最近的; B.farthest 最远的; C.earliest 最早的;D.latest最新的。结合句意，故选A。
17. C句意:所以爸爸在圣诞前夜开始走路直到他到家。他走了一整晚。A.running 跑步; B.driving开车: C.walking 步行: D.cycling骑自行车。结合句意，故选C。
A句意:尽管那年的礼物非常的棒,但是最好的礼物不是在树下找的。A.presents礼物; B.programs节目; C.plans 计划: D.styles 风格。结合句意，故选A。
B句意:尽管那年的礼物非常的棒，但是最好的礼物不是在树下找的。A.stairs 楼梯; B.tree 树;C.table桌子; D.shelf架子。结合句意，故选B。
20. A句意:爸爸的特别惊喜使我度过了最难忘的圣诞节。A.unforgettable难以忘记的； B.comfortable舒服的; C.reasonable有道理的; D.errible 可怕的。结合句意，故选A。
III. 阅读理解
【答案解析】
C考查句义猜测。划线句表示的字面意思是“先有鸡还是先有蛋”， 结合上下文的内容可
知，文章引用这句话是为了表明“是睡眠少导致了肥胖还是肥胖导致了睡眠少”这个问题还没有定论。第二段中的“In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios seemed equally possible."是解题的关键提示信息。故选C。
2.D考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender."可知，面试的结果是一个人的种族或性别与他的体重没有任何关系。故选D。
3. A考查写作手法。本文介绍了一项研究，并列举了很多同该研究相关的数据。故选A。
4. B考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too lttle were more likely to gain pounds,."可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，睡眠少会增加肥胖的概率。故选B。
5. C考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Have you ever lost your car on a parking lot It happens. You park and go shopping. When you get back, you have no idea where your caris. It can be discouraging"可知，提到丢失的汽车是为了寻找丢失物品的话题。故选C。
6. D考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Then use the TrackR app to find where your missing item are in seconds."可知，这个应用程序可以帮助在短时间内找到丢失的物品。故选D。
7. B考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Forget expensive GPS systems or tracking services. Nobody wants to pay expensive monthly subscription fees. We understand how stressful these things can be, and this is the reason why the company created TrackR."可知，跟踪服务，造成财政负担。故选B。
8. A考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的"The device is small enough that you can attach it to your pets. Put it on their collar, and you will never lose track of them! Attach it to your key or wallet"该装置是足够小，你可以将它附加到你的宠物上。把它放在他们的项圈上，你从来不会与他们失去联系!把它系在你的钥匙或钱包上。由此可知，找到它从不浪费一分钟搜查整个房子。划线词的意思应该是“搜寻”，故选A。
9. C考查主旨大意。根据We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges.../ ... we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them，整篇文章阐述了印第安人的教育价值观。
10. A考查细节理解。根据In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows，得知。
11. D考查推理判断。根据We are, however,not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.得知。
12. B考查细节理解。根据Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the northern provinces; they were taught all your sciences; but when they came back to us, they were bad manners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods—they were totally good for nothing.得知。
13. A考查细节理解。根据Ordinary items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because producers don’t spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality, however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren't very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores. 得知。
14. D考查作者态度。在最后一段，作者阐述了顾客在选购商品时参考广告的优劣势，而且根据but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads.得知。
15. A考查细节理解。根据With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.得知。
16.F。本空前说管理时间就像管理钱，为什么呢 因为“一旦你把时间用了，它就再也回不来了，所以你要让你的时间花得有价值”。
17. E。根据本空接下来的内容可知，第一步是要估计每周每项活动所需的时间，即:“弄清楚你每周是如何使用时间的”。
18.D。第二步是要确定对时间的使用。根据本空前的whatchoicescanbemade可知，D项符合此处语境，同时也与本空后的Volunteering和Friends构成并列。
19.G。第三步是确定一个目标和行动方案来更好地使用时间。作者建议大家买个日历或者备忘记事本，因为它“可以帮助你记录时间的使用情况、计划的执行情况和任务的完成情况，使你更加有效率"。
20. C。根据本空接下来的You'll want to take a look at this again可知,这一步是建议大家“在有必要的情况下，重复以上步骤”。C项中的Repeat和下文中的again是解题的关键。
IV. 写作.
范文
Atention, please! I'm going to give you a sumary of today 's discussion about whether we should go on line in our spare time.
Many students think we can go on line as much as possible in our spare time because we are free then. Through the Internet, we can gain plenty of the newest knowledge and the latest information at home and abroad. What's more, network offers us a convenient way to communicate with each other. The Internet makes our lives outside class colorful and various.
On the other hand, a few students partly agree to this idea. Going on line is part of our daily life. But they suggest a time limit. They' ve found that more students are playing computer games or chatting instead of studying their lessons or looking up materials. There are a few students who are often absent from school in order to go on line for fun.
Thank you!
2. 范文
Dear Xiao Wang,
I have received and read your letter, in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting.
It is only natural that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful. However, in my opinion, health is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second. So do not let others' opinions affect your normal life. However, if you do want to lose weight, it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, as it will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.
I hope my advice will be helpful to you andI' m looking forward to your next letter.
Yours,
Li Hua