Unit 8 Literature 单元测试B卷能力提升（word版含答案解析）
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| 名称 | Unit 8 Literature 单元测试B卷能力提升（word版含答案解析） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 北师大版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-30 18:08:40 | ||
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Unit 8 Literature B卷 能力提升—2021-2022学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元测试AB卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A trip to the theater, museum or art gallery could help you live longer. And the more often you get that culture, the better the results are, a new study suggests.
Researchers from University College London(UCL) did the research on more than 6,000 adults in England age 50 years and older. How often an individual engaged in art activities was measured at the start of the study in 2004 to 2005. Participants were then followed up for an average of 12 years, during which time deaths were recorded using data from the UK's National Health Service (NHS). They found that people who engaged in the arts with more frequency had a 31% lower risk of dying early when compared to those who didn't. Even going to the theater or museum once or twice a year was linked with a 14% lower risk.
The study looked at a range of economic, health and social factors to try and explain why there is a link between "arts engagement and living longer". Part of the reason, the study said, comes down to social and economic differences among those who go and don't go to museums, exhibitions and art galleries. Wealth, they found, explained about 9% of the association. "Cognitive(认知的) differences and mental health also played a role. Things like free time and occupational status made no difference," said Fancourt.
Engaging with the arts can act as a buffer against stress and build creativity that allows people to adapt to changing circumstances. It also helps people access emotional support and information that helps people age more successfully. "We also thought that a greater sense of purpose could play a role," she said. "It can have wide ranging benefits and support healthier lives lived longer."
A world health organization last year found that both receptive participation, like visiting a museum, and active participation, like singing in a choir, had health benefits. An editorial that accompanied the paper said that everyone should have the chance to take part in cultural activities and said the study added weight to growing concerns about the decline in arts subjects in schools and universities.
1.What was the right step of the experiment
A.Following the participants for 12 years. B.Recording the participants' death time.
C.Comparing the frequency of art activities. D.Dividing the participants into two groups.
2.What has nothing to do with the relationship between "arts engagement and living longer"
A.Wealth. B.Cognition. C.Occupation. D.Mental health.
3.What does the underlined word "buffer" in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Relief. B.Barrier. C.Defence. D.Battle.
B
On the 3rd of July, about six in the morning, I was watering my flowers. A young man entered the garden. He was blonde, beardless; he wore a German cap and gold glasses in a proud way. A long, loose woolen coat hung down in a sad way around his body. He wore no gloves; his leather shoes had huge soles. I put down my watering-pot, and greeted him in German with "Guten Morgen!" "Monsieur," he said to me in French, but with a very unpleasant accent, "my name is Hermann Schultz ; I have come to pass some months in Greece, and I have carried your book with me everywhere."
That praise filled my heart with sweet joy; the stranger's voice seemed more beautiful than Mozart's music, and I directed a swift look of gratitude toward his gold glasses. You would hardly believe how much we love those who have taken the trouble to understand our jargon(行业术语).
I took him by the hand and seated him beside me on the garden-bench. He told me that he was a botanist and that he had a commission from the "Jardin des Plantes" in Hamburg. In order to complete his herbarium(植物标本集), he was studying the country, the animals, and the people. He expressed himself uneasily, but with frankness which inspired confidence. He questioned me, if not about every one in Athens, at least about all the principal persons in my book. In the course of the conversation, he made some statements on general subjects, which seemed to me quite insightful. Therefore, they motivated me to think more deeply and get a more reasonable opinion. At the end of an hour we had become good friends.
1.How did the author find the young man at first
A.Fashionable. B.Unfavorable. C.Easy-going. D.Indifferent.
2.Why did the author feel grateful to the young man
A.Because he brought the author a good pair of glasses.
B.Because he thought highly of the author's achievements.
C.Because he delighted the author with Mozart's music.
D.Because he took the time to read the author's work.
3.What can we infer about the young man from the last paragraph
A.He was good at public speaking. B.He was lacking in self-confidence.
C.He was slow in learning German culture. D.He was enthusiastic about studies of plants.
4.What's the author's purpose in writing the text
A.To introduce a young botanist's achievements. B.To show the start of his friendship with a stranger.
C.To describe the benefits of doing gardening. D.To explain the beauty of studying biology.
C
Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer who helped shape the course of American literature. His life was full of tragedies, but he had great influence on the 19th-century American literature and continues to influence writers to this day.
The early life of Edgar Allan Poe was quite unhappy. Born in 1809, Poe was not yet three years old when his parents died. Adopted by a wealthy family, he got into trouble at school. He entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, but he dropped out without graduating. His misery (不幸) continued to his adult life. Later, because of a failed marriage, he suffered from mental illness. He was so upset about real life that he turned to writing. Expressing himself in an unreal and imaginary world was his only comfort.
The tragedies in Poe's life influenced the tone, style and contents of his writing. His stories usually include death, which helps build his reputation as a master of "dark" literature. In his The Tell-Tale Heart, the main character goes crazy and kills his roommate while in The Black Cat, the main character kills his cat in a fit of madness.
Poe died at the age of 40 in 1849. His life is short, but his influence is very great. Poe is credited with creating detective fiction, and many say he contributed greatly to the appearance of science fiction. Fascinated by the scientific theories and new inventions of his time, he wrote about imaginary societies in the future. Writers such as Arthur Conan Doyle, the author of Sherlock Holmes, regarded Poe as the father of detective fiction. Jules Verne, a French writer who helped popularise science fiction, said Poe's work had a direct influence on the stories he wrote.
1.Poe began to write to _________.
A.earn his living B.find comfort in writing
C.build a good reputation D.create a beautiful world
2.It can be learnt that Poe's works often reflect ________.
A.soldiers' life B.his own life stories C.a sense of peace D.some political problems
3.Which can best show Poe's influence on literature according to the last paragraph
A.His creation of detective fiction. B.His unique writing experience.
C.His creation of scientific theories. D.His contribution to new inventions.
4.What is the best title of the text
A.American Literature and Writers B.Escape from Real Life and Find Comfort
C.Edgar Allan Poe: a Misunderstood Poet D.Edgar Allan Poe: a Tragic Yet Talented Writer
D
Teaching Poetry
No poem should ever be discussed or "analysed", until it has been read aloud by someone, a teacher or a student. Better still, perhaps, read it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears.
All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling "interpretation" of it—suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read in his or her own voice, on records or on films, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.
I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analysing" it, if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is "a criticism of life", and "a heightening of life". It is "an approach to the truth of feeling", and it can "save your life". It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.
I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don't like it should not be forced to communicate this to anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.
1.To have a better understanding of a poem, one should _________.
A.analyse it by oneself B.discuss it with others
C.practise reading it aloud D.copy it down in a notebook
2.According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students ___________.
A.to enjoy poetry B.to become poets C.to become teachers D.to understand life
3.What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply
A.The teaching of poetry is more important than any other subject.
B.More importance should be given to the teaching of poetry.
C.Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.
D.One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry.
4.The underlined phrase "make room" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by __________.
A.provide equipment B.build a school
C.set up a house D.leave a certain amount of time
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Pick a Great Book to Read
The world is full of great books, just waiting to be read. How can you pick one you'll really like Here are some tips :
What makes you happy
①________ Are you really into dinosaurs or dogs or a specific person Are there a few careers you're interested in You can find books about almost anything you like, and you're more likely to enjoy reading a book if you're already interested in its subject.
Fiction or non-fiction
Some books are entirely made up and imagined. Those are called fiction books. Novels and short stories are all examples of fiction. These books can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experience.
Non-fiction books give you the who, what, when and why. ②________ Non-fiction books can bring everything to life from the first trip to the moon to what it's like to explore the deepest oceans. Try both fiction and non-fiction books to see which you like better.
Find a family favorite.
What was your mother's favorite book when she was your age Or your dad's ③________ Then you can talk about what they liked about it and share your thoughts. It's a fun way to get to know your family a little better, and to find a book you'll enjoy!
Ask an expert.
④________ Tell a librarian about your interests—rock stars, sports teams, historical events, whatever you're into— and the names of some books you already like. Your librarian can help you find other books that you're sure to love.
Launch a book swap.
⑤________ It's always fun to see what your friends are reading. Even if they're not exactly bookworms, you can all encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like. You also can look for book swaps in your area. It's a great way to build your personal library for free!
A. Ask them and give it a read.
B. Many of them read novels from start to finish.
C. Why not get some friends together and trade favorite books
D. If you have a favorite hobby, look for books about that activity.
E. They tell stories using facts—but that doesn't mean they're boring.
F. Read the passage and decide for yourself whether it seems knowledgeable.
G. Your local library is a great place to find books that you'll love, and you don't have to search all by yourself.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Shortly after its opening on the first day of Chinese New Year, The Wandering Earth began to gain momentum. In little over a week, it made 2.8 billion yuan in the 1 market alone. The film's popularity and success has come as a 2 to many reviewers especially since there hasn't
been that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction in the past. Many agree that this film will change the 3 situation and bring in a new age for Chinese science fiction.
As a genre(类型), Chinese science fiction has 4 general fiction in both the film and publishing industries. Even Liu Cixin's(the author who wrote the short story on which The Wandering Earth is based) The Three-Body Problem—which is currently quite popular—didn't have many readers until it was translated into English and won the Hugo Award(雨果奖) in 2015. 5 , I haven't read much of any genre written in Chinese, but I do notice that there aren't many separate sections of the bookstore dedicated to science fiction. I cannot speak for everyone, but some people seem to have 6 regarding the genre.
My parents were the type who tried to steer me in the direction of non-fiction and the classics. They believed that science fiction and fantasy were "unrealistic nonsense" and would " 7 my brain". 8 , great science fiction writers do their research. More often than not, one can learn a great deal about science and its possible development from reading science fiction. Sure, some of the concepts may be confusing or technical in nature, but that is also part of the 9 . Things like the Internet, electric cars and tablet computers were first theorized in science fiction before they were 10 . The author simply uses a 11 of science and his imagination to create worlds different from the Earth of today, from which we can get bits and pieces that can be turned into a 12 .
The world is changing. There may very well be a time when Earth is no longer able to 13 the entire population. We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships; perhaps we will be 14 to move Earth to a new solar system just like The Wandering Earth. Each of these scenarios (设想) has appeared in science fiction multiple times. 15 we are to be prepared for what is to come, we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future.
1.A.outdoor B.domestic C.depressed D.global
2.A.achievement B.compliment C.surprise D.priority
3.A.embarrassing B.extreme C.risky D.complicate
4.A.contributed to B.taken over C.made up D.lagged behind
5.A.Personally B.Obviously C.Fortunately D.Hopefully
6.A.confidence B.ambitions C.suspicions D.misunderstandings
7.A.damage B.rot C.form D.swing
8.A.In addition B.For instance C.In fact D.As a result
9.A.compound B.investigation C.memory D.appeal
10.A.imagined B.operated C.restored D.invented
11.A.combination B.perspective C.definition D.consequence
12.A.mystery B.restriction C.connection D.reality
13.A.protect B.sustain C.double D.estimate
14.A.willing B.thrilled C.forced D.allowed
15.A.Though B.If C.Since D.Before
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day, I was comfortably waiting for my flight with a good book to read when ①_________ elderly lady was wheeled to our waiting area. I noticed the trouble she was having ②_________ (try) to open a packet of nuts with her shaking hands. No one else was willing to meet her gaze(目光), so I ③_________ (offer) to help. The lady was very grateful. We sat and chatted. The time came to board the plane. She could walk but needed some ④_________ (assist), so I volunteered to help her and carry her bag.
As I helped her get ⑤_________ (settle), I noticed her "seat mate", a businessman, looked a bit horrified at having to make the flight with her. He offered to change ⑥_________ (seat) with me — and I agreed. We had a long chat. As we were entering another country we needed to fill out forms. I offered to fill ⑦_________ (her) out because of her shaking hands. We landed and I needed to change planes, but I helped her first. The wheelchair she ordered was nowhere to be seen so we slowly walked to the gate ⑧_________ her daughter was waiting.
As a result, I had to run to catch my connection but, as I thought about the experience, I saw her ⑨_________ my airport angel, a chance for me to hope that in the future when I'm in my eighties and traveling, someone will take the time ⑩_________ (connect) with me.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jamie来信说他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣，但在阅读时遇到了困难，比如，很多汉字不认识，读不懂文章的意思等，希望得到你的帮助。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 表示理解并给予安慰；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：传统中国文学 traditional Chinese literature；汉字 Chinese characters
Dear Jamie,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When I was 9 years old, I used to cut grass for Mrs Long. The elderly lady paid me very little, for she didn't have much money. But she did promise me, "When Christmas comes, I shall have a present for you." I spent much time wondering what it would be. The boys I played with had baseball gloves, bicycles and ice skates, and I was so eager to acquire any one of these that I convinced myself that Mrs Long intended choosing from among them.
"It would hardly be a baseball glove," I reasoned with myself. A woman like Mrs Long wouldn't know much about baseball. Since she was old and weak, I also ruled out the bicycle, for how could she handle such a large item.
On my last Saturday at work, Mrs Long said, "At Christmas you come to the door and collect the present. These words clinched(确定) my guess. Since she was going to have the present in her house and handle it herself, unquestionably she was giving me a pair of ice skates.
I became so convinced of this that I could imagine myself upon the skates and the excitement they brought me. As the cold days of November arrived and ice began to form on the ponds, I began to try my luck on the ice. "Get away from that ice!" a man shouted. "It's not strong enough yet."
As Christmas approached it was with difficulty that I restrained (抑制) myself from reporting to Mrs Long and demanding my present. On the 21st of December, icy weather froze all the ponds so that boys who already had ice skates were able to use them. My longing to possess mine became overpowering.
So the next day I could control myself no longer and presented myself at Mrs Long's door. "I've been waiting for you," she said with a smile.
Paragraph 1:
She set me in a chair and handed a package to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
On Christmas morning, I could not wait to open the package. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.CCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段的第二至四句可知,比较艺术活动的频率是实验的正确步骤。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的第三、四句可知,职业对"艺术活动和长寿"之间的关系没有影响。故选C项。
3.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句下文"It also helps people access emotional support and information that helps people age more successfully."可知,参加艺术活动有助于人们获得情感支持,从而推知,它能够"缓解"压力。A项(减轻,解除)与buffer的意思接近。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.BDDB
解析：1.推理判断题。由第一段中的"'Monsieur,' he said to me in French, but with a very unpleasant accent"可知,虽然年轻人用法语和"我"说话,但是那是一种令人非常不愉快的口音。由此可知,作者一开始觉得这个年轻人是令人不快的。结合选项可知,B项正确。
2.推理判断题。由第二段最后一句"You would hardly believe how much we love those who have taken the trouble to understand our jargon."可知,作者热爱那些不辞劳苦地理解他们行业术语的人,即作者因为年轻人花时间去理解作者的作品而感激他。结合选项可知,D项正确。
3.推理判断题。由最后一段第三句"In order to complete his herbarium, he was studying the country, the animals, and the people.",第五"He questioned me, if not about every one in Athens, at least about all the principal persons in my book."和第六句"In the course of the conversation, he made some statements on general subjects, which seemed to me quite insightful."可知,为了完成他的植物标本集,他正在研究国家、动物和人。他向"我"提问,即使不是关于雅典的所有人,至少也是"我"书本上的所有主要人物。在这次谈话过程中,他针对一般话题阐述了些观点,这对于"我"来说似乎相当有见解。由此可见,这个年轻人对植物研究非常热爱。结合选项可知,D项正确。
4.推理判断题。由第一段最后一句,第三段第一句、第五句和最后一句可知,作者写这篇文章是为了展示他和这位陌生的年轻人之间的友谊是怎么开始的。结合选项可知,B项正确。
C
答案：1-4.BBAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡(Edgar Allan Poe)从小父母双亡,被收养长大后在西点军校未能顺利毕业,之后婚姻不幸福,又罹患精神方面的疾病。经历了生活中的各种不如意,最后他转向写作,在虚幻的世界里寻求安慰。所以埃德加·爱伦·坡开始写作是为了在文学世界里找到安慰。故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段首句"The tragedies in Poe's life influenced the tone, style and contents of his writing."可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡一生的悲剧影响了他的写作基调、风格和内容。由此判断他的作品反映了他自己生活中的故事,故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段内容和关键句"Poe is credited with creating detective fiction, and many say he contributed greatly to the appearance of science fiction."可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡被认为是侦探小说的创始人,许多人说他对科幻小说的出现做出了巨大贡献。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡是美国作家,他的一生充满了悲剧,但他对19世纪的美国文学产生了巨大的影响,并一直持续到今天。所以本文主要讲述了埃德加·爱伦·坡悲惨的人生经历及他对19世纪美国文学的影响。故短文的最佳标题为"埃德加·爱伦·坡:一个悲剧的天才作家"。
D
答案：1-4.CABD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"No poem should ever be discussed or 'analysed', until it has been read aloud by someone"以及第二段中的"All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud"可知,要更好地理解诗歌,需要反复诵读。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry."可知,作为英语教师,他们的目的之一就是让学生喜欢诗歌。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。第三段最后一句是指诗歌应该在语言和文学教学中占有更重要的地位。由此可知,应该更重视诗歌教学。故选B项。
4.词义猜测题。根据画线短语前作者对教诗歌的老师的忠告,和肯定朗读诗歌的价值及后面的"in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it"可知,此处作者呼吁应在课堂上留出些时间来让学生听诗歌、思考诗歌。故选D项。
第二节
答案：DEAGC
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了选择课外书的方法,如根据兴趣爱好选择、找到家庭成员喜爱的书等。
①根据本段最后一句和本部分标题"What makes you happy "可知,本段主要介绍的是要根据自己的兴趣爱好选择喜欢的书;空处为该段总起句,反映该段主题,故D项符合语境。
②根据该部分标题"Fiction or non-fiction "可知, 该部分主要介绍虚构类书籍和纪实类书籍; 该部分第一段介绍了虚构类书籍;据此可以判断,第二段将介绍纪实类书籍,故E项符合语境。
③空处前两句提到,当你的父母在你的年纪时,他们喜欢哪些书 据此可以判断,空处建议向父母询问并阅读父母喜欢的书,故A项正确。
④根据空处后的"Tell a librarian about your interests"可知,作者建议你告诉图书馆管理员你的兴趣;据此可以判断,空处与图书馆相关,故G项正确。G项的"you don't have to search all by yourself"与本段"Your librarian can help you find"相呼应。
⑤根据空后的"It's always fun to see what your friends are reading."及"encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like"可知,看朋友正在阅读的书是很有趣的事情,要互相鼓励去阅读和分享你们喜欢的书籍和作者。据此可以判断,C项正确。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.BCADA; 6-10.DBCDD; 11-15.ADBCB
解析：1.句意:仅在一周多一点的时间里,《流浪地球》单在国内市场上就赚了28亿人民币。outdoor室外的;domestic国内的;depressed抑郁的;global全球的。根据句意可知B项符合语境。故选B项。
2.句意:这部电影的受欢迎和成功对许多评论家来说都是一个惊喜,尤其是因为在过去,中国的科幻作品还没有那么成功。achievement成就;compliment赞美;surprise惊喜;priority 优先。根据空后的"especially since there hasn't been that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction in the past"可知,过去中国的科幻作品还没有那么成功,因此这部电影的受欢迎和成功对许多评论家来说都是一个惊喜,故选C项。
3.句意:许多人同意这部电影将改变槛尬的境况,并将中国的科幻小说带入新的时代。embarrassing令人尴尬的;extreme极端的;risky有风险的;complicate复杂的。上文说过去中国的科幻作品并不成功,因此此处说目前中国科幻小说的境况是槛尬的,故选A项。
4.句意:作为一种小说类型,中国科幻小说在电影和出版业都落后于普通小说。就连目前相当流行的刘慈欣的《三体》也没有很多读者,直到它被翻译成英语,并在2015年获得雨果奖。contribute to促成;take over接替;make up弥补;lag behind 落后。根据空后举的刘慈欣的例子可知,中国科幻小说在电影和出版业都落后于普通小说,故选D项。
5.句意:我个人也没有读过很多不同类型的中文小说,但我确实注意到,书店里没有太多专门放科幻小说的单独区域。personally个人地;obviously明显地;fortunately幸运地;hopefully有希望地。空后是作者在发表自己的个人看法,因此此处表示"个人地",故选A项。
6.句意:我不能代表每个人说话,但有些人似乎对这类型有误解。confidence自信;ambition抱负;suspicion猜疑;misunderstanding误解。上文说科幻小说的读者很少,再结合下文"我"父母的看法可知,有些人对科幻小说有误解,故选D项。
7.句意:他们认为科幻小说和幻想作品是不切实际的胡说八道,会"腐蚀我的大脑"。damage损坏;rot(使)腐烂;form形成;swing摆动。"我"的父母是那种试图引导"我"走向纪实文学和古典文学的人,他们认为科幻小说和幻想作品是不切实际的胡说八道,会腐蚀"我"的大脑,故选B项。
8.句意:事实上,伟大的科幻作家都在做他们的研究。通常情况下,人们可以从阅读科幻小说中获得大量关于科学及其可能发展的信息。in addition此外;for instance例如;in fact事实上;as a result结果是。根据空后的内容可知,作者是在澄清事实,此处表示"事实上",故选C项。
9.句意:当然,有些概念在本质上可能是令人困惑的或专业化的,但这也是吸引力的一部分。compound化合物,混合物;investigation调查;memory记忆;appeal吸引力。根据转折连词but可知,空处强调科幻小说的优点,故选D项。
10.句意:像互联网、电动汽车和平板电脑等事物在被发明之前首先在科幻小说中被理论化。imagine想象;operate操作;restore恢复;invent发明。由空前theorized可知D项符合语境,故选D项。
11.句意:科幻作家只是简单地将科学和他的想象力相结合,来创造不同于当今地球的世界…… combination结合;perspective 视角;definition定义;consequence后果。根据空后的"of science and his imagination"可知,此处为"科学和想象力的结合",故选A项。
12.句意:……我们从中能够得到可以转化为现实的点点滴滴。mystery神秘;restriction限制;connection联系;reality现实。上文说科幻作家将科学和想象力结合起来创造不同于当今地球的世界,与imagination对应的是reality,故选D项。
13.句意:很可能会有那么一天,地球不再能够承受整个世界的人口。protect保护;sustain维持,承受;double(使)加倍;estimate估计。根据空后的"We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships"可知,将来很有可能地球不再能够承受整个世界的人口了,故选B项。
14.句意:我们可能生活在火星上,也可能生活在巨型宇宙飞船中。也许我们将被迫将地球移动到一个新的太阳系,就像《流浪地球》一样。willing愿意的;thrilled激动的;forced被迫的;allowed被允许的。根据空后的"just like The Wandering Earth"可知,我们将地球移动到一个新的太阳系是被迫的,就像《流浪地球》一样。故选C项。
15.句意:如果我们要为即将到来的事情做好准备,我们可以从现代科幻小说中找出一扇通向未来的窗户though尽管;if如果;since自从;before在……之前。根据空后的"we are to be prepared for what is to come, we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future"可知,此处表示"如果",故选B项。
第二节
答案：an ; trying ; offered; assistance; settled; seats; hers; where; as; to connect
解析：本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在机场和飞机上帮助了一位行动不便的老太太,作者希望以后自己老了的时候别人也同样会帮助自己。
①考查冠词。句意一天,我读着一本好书,正舒适地等待着我的航班,正在这时,一位老太太被推进了候机室。由于第一次提及老太太,故用不定冠词,elderly的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
②考查非谓语动词。句意:我注意到她用颤抖的双手打开一袋坚果有困难。分析句子"I noticed the trouble she was having ②______ to open a packet of nuts with her shaking hands."可知此处为定语从句修饰先行同trouble,本句含有短语have trouble (in) doing sth.,故填现在分词trying。
③考查一般过去时。句意:没人愿意与她的目光对视,因此我主动帮忙。分析句子结构可知,本句缺乏谓语,由于是陈述过去的事情,故用一般过去时offered。
④考查名同。句意:她能行走,但是需要一些帮助……分析句子结构可知,本句缺乏宾语,故用assist 的名同形式assistance。
⑤考查非谓语动同。句意:当我帮她坐到自己的位置时,我注意到她旁边是一个商人,因为要与老太太一同坐飞机感到很恐怖。分析句子结构可知,此处结构为get sth. done(让某事被做),"get her settled"意为"把她安置下来",settle与其逻辑主语her之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词settled。
⑥考查名词单复数。句意:他主动提出和我换位置,我同意了。根据文章可知,商人不愿意与老太太坐在一起,想交换位置,故用seats。
⑦考查名词性物主代词。句意:由于她双手颤抖,我帮她填写了表格。空处做fill的宾语且后面没有名词, 故用名词性物主代词hers。
⑧考查关系副词。句意:因为没看见她预订的轮椅,所以我们慢慢地走向机场出口,她女儿在那里等她。 分析句子结构可知,"her daughter was waiting"做定语修饰先行词"the gate",关系词在从句中做地点状语,故用关系副词where。
⑨考查介词。句意:……但是当我回想这次经历时,我把这位老太太视为我的机场天使……此处为短语see sb. as...(把某人视作……),故用介词as。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意:……希望在我八十多岁旅行的时候,有人能够花点时间帮助我。此处为 take time to do sth.(花时间做某事),故用不定式to connect。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Jamie,
I am more than glad to know that you are interested in the traditional Chinese literature. It's never easy to learn Chinese characters and essays. Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn them well, so you don't have to feel upset. Here are some useful tips.
First, turn to the Internet for help when you have a problem, where you can learn how to read and write the characters. Second, you can learn from Chinese people around and I'm always here to help. But the most important is to keep on learning and reading. You are sure to make progress!
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
She set me in a chair and handed a package to me. She said to me, "Thanks for cutting grass for me. Because I didn't have much money, I didn't pay you money. I had promised to give you a present, so it is time for you to get your present." I was so excited that I wanted to open it right now, but Mrs Long stopped me and said, "You can't open it until Christmas morning. Can you make it " "Of course, Mrs Long," I replied.
Paragraph 2:
On Christmas morning, I could not wait to open the package. To my excitement, it was a brand-new pair of ice skates which I was eager for. I couldn't control myself and went to the frozen pond. I skated on the ice with the other people. As I skated on the ice, I thought of Mrs Long-how kind she was to send me such a present. She observed me for a long time and knew what I wanted so much. It was a present better than much money.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A trip to the theater, museum or art gallery could help you live longer. And the more often you get that culture, the better the results are, a new study suggests.
Researchers from University College London(UCL) did the research on more than 6,000 adults in England age 50 years and older. How often an individual engaged in art activities was measured at the start of the study in 2004 to 2005. Participants were then followed up for an average of 12 years, during which time deaths were recorded using data from the UK's National Health Service (NHS). They found that people who engaged in the arts with more frequency had a 31% lower risk of dying early when compared to those who didn't. Even going to the theater or museum once or twice a year was linked with a 14% lower risk.
The study looked at a range of economic, health and social factors to try and explain why there is a link between "arts engagement and living longer". Part of the reason, the study said, comes down to social and economic differences among those who go and don't go to museums, exhibitions and art galleries. Wealth, they found, explained about 9% of the association. "Cognitive(认知的) differences and mental health also played a role. Things like free time and occupational status made no difference," said Fancourt.
Engaging with the arts can act as a buffer against stress and build creativity that allows people to adapt to changing circumstances. It also helps people access emotional support and information that helps people age more successfully. "We also thought that a greater sense of purpose could play a role," she said. "It can have wide ranging benefits and support healthier lives lived longer."
A world health organization last year found that both receptive participation, like visiting a museum, and active participation, like singing in a choir, had health benefits. An editorial that accompanied the paper said that everyone should have the chance to take part in cultural activities and said the study added weight to growing concerns about the decline in arts subjects in schools and universities.
1.What was the right step of the experiment
A.Following the participants for 12 years. B.Recording the participants' death time.
C.Comparing the frequency of art activities. D.Dividing the participants into two groups.
2.What has nothing to do with the relationship between "arts engagement and living longer"
A.Wealth. B.Cognition. C.Occupation. D.Mental health.
3.What does the underlined word "buffer" in Paragraph 4 mean
A.Relief. B.Barrier. C.Defence. D.Battle.
B
On the 3rd of July, about six in the morning, I was watering my flowers. A young man entered the garden. He was blonde, beardless; he wore a German cap and gold glasses in a proud way. A long, loose woolen coat hung down in a sad way around his body. He wore no gloves; his leather shoes had huge soles. I put down my watering-pot, and greeted him in German with "Guten Morgen!" "Monsieur," he said to me in French, but with a very unpleasant accent, "my name is Hermann Schultz ; I have come to pass some months in Greece, and I have carried your book with me everywhere."
That praise filled my heart with sweet joy; the stranger's voice seemed more beautiful than Mozart's music, and I directed a swift look of gratitude toward his gold glasses. You would hardly believe how much we love those who have taken the trouble to understand our jargon(行业术语).
I took him by the hand and seated him beside me on the garden-bench. He told me that he was a botanist and that he had a commission from the "Jardin des Plantes" in Hamburg. In order to complete his herbarium(植物标本集), he was studying the country, the animals, and the people. He expressed himself uneasily, but with frankness which inspired confidence. He questioned me, if not about every one in Athens, at least about all the principal persons in my book. In the course of the conversation, he made some statements on general subjects, which seemed to me quite insightful. Therefore, they motivated me to think more deeply and get a more reasonable opinion. At the end of an hour we had become good friends.
1.How did the author find the young man at first
A.Fashionable. B.Unfavorable. C.Easy-going. D.Indifferent.
2.Why did the author feel grateful to the young man
A.Because he brought the author a good pair of glasses.
B.Because he thought highly of the author's achievements.
C.Because he delighted the author with Mozart's music.
D.Because he took the time to read the author's work.
3.What can we infer about the young man from the last paragraph
A.He was good at public speaking. B.He was lacking in self-confidence.
C.He was slow in learning German culture. D.He was enthusiastic about studies of plants.
4.What's the author's purpose in writing the text
A.To introduce a young botanist's achievements. B.To show the start of his friendship with a stranger.
C.To describe the benefits of doing gardening. D.To explain the beauty of studying biology.
C
Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer who helped shape the course of American literature. His life was full of tragedies, but he had great influence on the 19th-century American literature and continues to influence writers to this day.
The early life of Edgar Allan Poe was quite unhappy. Born in 1809, Poe was not yet three years old when his parents died. Adopted by a wealthy family, he got into trouble at school. He entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, but he dropped out without graduating. His misery (不幸) continued to his adult life. Later, because of a failed marriage, he suffered from mental illness. He was so upset about real life that he turned to writing. Expressing himself in an unreal and imaginary world was his only comfort.
The tragedies in Poe's life influenced the tone, style and contents of his writing. His stories usually include death, which helps build his reputation as a master of "dark" literature. In his The Tell-Tale Heart, the main character goes crazy and kills his roommate while in The Black Cat, the main character kills his cat in a fit of madness.
Poe died at the age of 40 in 1849. His life is short, but his influence is very great. Poe is credited with creating detective fiction, and many say he contributed greatly to the appearance of science fiction. Fascinated by the scientific theories and new inventions of his time, he wrote about imaginary societies in the future. Writers such as Arthur Conan Doyle, the author of Sherlock Holmes, regarded Poe as the father of detective fiction. Jules Verne, a French writer who helped popularise science fiction, said Poe's work had a direct influence on the stories he wrote.
1.Poe began to write to _________.
A.earn his living B.find comfort in writing
C.build a good reputation D.create a beautiful world
2.It can be learnt that Poe's works often reflect ________.
A.soldiers' life B.his own life stories C.a sense of peace D.some political problems
3.Which can best show Poe's influence on literature according to the last paragraph
A.His creation of detective fiction. B.His unique writing experience.
C.His creation of scientific theories. D.His contribution to new inventions.
4.What is the best title of the text
A.American Literature and Writers B.Escape from Real Life and Find Comfort
C.Edgar Allan Poe: a Misunderstood Poet D.Edgar Allan Poe: a Tragic Yet Talented Writer
D
Teaching Poetry
No poem should ever be discussed or "analysed", until it has been read aloud by someone, a teacher or a student. Better still, perhaps, read it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears.
All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling "interpretation" of it—suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read in his or her own voice, on records or on films, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.
I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analysing" it, if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is "a criticism of life", and "a heightening of life". It is "an approach to the truth of feeling", and it can "save your life". It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.
I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don't like it should not be forced to communicate this to anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.
1.To have a better understanding of a poem, one should _________.
A.analyse it by oneself B.discuss it with others
C.practise reading it aloud D.copy it down in a notebook
2.According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students ___________.
A.to enjoy poetry B.to become poets C.to become teachers D.to understand life
3.What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply
A.The teaching of poetry is more important than any other subject.
B.More importance should be given to the teaching of poetry.
C.Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.
D.One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry.
4.The underlined phrase "make room" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by __________.
A.provide equipment B.build a school
C.set up a house D.leave a certain amount of time
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Pick a Great Book to Read
The world is full of great books, just waiting to be read. How can you pick one you'll really like Here are some tips :
What makes you happy
①________ Are you really into dinosaurs or dogs or a specific person Are there a few careers you're interested in You can find books about almost anything you like, and you're more likely to enjoy reading a book if you're already interested in its subject.
Fiction or non-fiction
Some books are entirely made up and imagined. Those are called fiction books. Novels and short stories are all examples of fiction. These books can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experience.
Non-fiction books give you the who, what, when and why. ②________ Non-fiction books can bring everything to life from the first trip to the moon to what it's like to explore the deepest oceans. Try both fiction and non-fiction books to see which you like better.
Find a family favorite.
What was your mother's favorite book when she was your age Or your dad's ③________ Then you can talk about what they liked about it and share your thoughts. It's a fun way to get to know your family a little better, and to find a book you'll enjoy!
Ask an expert.
④________ Tell a librarian about your interests—rock stars, sports teams, historical events, whatever you're into— and the names of some books you already like. Your librarian can help you find other books that you're sure to love.
Launch a book swap.
⑤________ It's always fun to see what your friends are reading. Even if they're not exactly bookworms, you can all encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like. You also can look for book swaps in your area. It's a great way to build your personal library for free!
A. Ask them and give it a read.
B. Many of them read novels from start to finish.
C. Why not get some friends together and trade favorite books
D. If you have a favorite hobby, look for books about that activity.
E. They tell stories using facts—but that doesn't mean they're boring.
F. Read the passage and decide for yourself whether it seems knowledgeable.
G. Your local library is a great place to find books that you'll love, and you don't have to search all by yourself.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Shortly after its opening on the first day of Chinese New Year, The Wandering Earth began to gain momentum. In little over a week, it made 2.8 billion yuan in the 1 market alone. The film's popularity and success has come as a 2 to many reviewers especially since there hasn't
been that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction in the past. Many agree that this film will change the 3 situation and bring in a new age for Chinese science fiction.
As a genre(类型), Chinese science fiction has 4 general fiction in both the film and publishing industries. Even Liu Cixin's(the author who wrote the short story on which The Wandering Earth is based) The Three-Body Problem—which is currently quite popular—didn't have many readers until it was translated into English and won the Hugo Award(雨果奖) in 2015. 5 , I haven't read much of any genre written in Chinese, but I do notice that there aren't many separate sections of the bookstore dedicated to science fiction. I cannot speak for everyone, but some people seem to have 6 regarding the genre.
My parents were the type who tried to steer me in the direction of non-fiction and the classics. They believed that science fiction and fantasy were "unrealistic nonsense" and would " 7 my brain". 8 , great science fiction writers do their research. More often than not, one can learn a great deal about science and its possible development from reading science fiction. Sure, some of the concepts may be confusing or technical in nature, but that is also part of the 9 . Things like the Internet, electric cars and tablet computers were first theorized in science fiction before they were 10 . The author simply uses a 11 of science and his imagination to create worlds different from the Earth of today, from which we can get bits and pieces that can be turned into a 12 .
The world is changing. There may very well be a time when Earth is no longer able to 13 the entire population. We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships; perhaps we will be 14 to move Earth to a new solar system just like The Wandering Earth. Each of these scenarios (设想) has appeared in science fiction multiple times. 15 we are to be prepared for what is to come, we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future.
1.A.outdoor B.domestic C.depressed D.global
2.A.achievement B.compliment C.surprise D.priority
3.A.embarrassing B.extreme C.risky D.complicate
4.A.contributed to B.taken over C.made up D.lagged behind
5.A.Personally B.Obviously C.Fortunately D.Hopefully
6.A.confidence B.ambitions C.suspicions D.misunderstandings
7.A.damage B.rot C.form D.swing
8.A.In addition B.For instance C.In fact D.As a result
9.A.compound B.investigation C.memory D.appeal
10.A.imagined B.operated C.restored D.invented
11.A.combination B.perspective C.definition D.consequence
12.A.mystery B.restriction C.connection D.reality
13.A.protect B.sustain C.double D.estimate
14.A.willing B.thrilled C.forced D.allowed
15.A.Though B.If C.Since D.Before
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day, I was comfortably waiting for my flight with a good book to read when ①_________ elderly lady was wheeled to our waiting area. I noticed the trouble she was having ②_________ (try) to open a packet of nuts with her shaking hands. No one else was willing to meet her gaze(目光), so I ③_________ (offer) to help. The lady was very grateful. We sat and chatted. The time came to board the plane. She could walk but needed some ④_________ (assist), so I volunteered to help her and carry her bag.
As I helped her get ⑤_________ (settle), I noticed her "seat mate", a businessman, looked a bit horrified at having to make the flight with her. He offered to change ⑥_________ (seat) with me — and I agreed. We had a long chat. As we were entering another country we needed to fill out forms. I offered to fill ⑦_________ (her) out because of her shaking hands. We landed and I needed to change planes, but I helped her first. The wheelchair she ordered was nowhere to be seen so we slowly walked to the gate ⑧_________ her daughter was waiting.
As a result, I had to run to catch my connection but, as I thought about the experience, I saw her ⑨_________ my airport angel, a chance for me to hope that in the future when I'm in my eighties and traveling, someone will take the time ⑩_________ (connect) with me.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jamie来信说他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣，但在阅读时遇到了困难，比如，很多汉字不认识，读不懂文章的意思等，希望得到你的帮助。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 表示理解并给予安慰；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：传统中国文学 traditional Chinese literature；汉字 Chinese characters
Dear Jamie,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When I was 9 years old, I used to cut grass for Mrs Long. The elderly lady paid me very little, for she didn't have much money. But she did promise me, "When Christmas comes, I shall have a present for you." I spent much time wondering what it would be. The boys I played with had baseball gloves, bicycles and ice skates, and I was so eager to acquire any one of these that I convinced myself that Mrs Long intended choosing from among them.
"It would hardly be a baseball glove," I reasoned with myself. A woman like Mrs Long wouldn't know much about baseball. Since she was old and weak, I also ruled out the bicycle, for how could she handle such a large item.
On my last Saturday at work, Mrs Long said, "At Christmas you come to the door and collect the present. These words clinched(确定) my guess. Since she was going to have the present in her house and handle it herself, unquestionably she was giving me a pair of ice skates.
I became so convinced of this that I could imagine myself upon the skates and the excitement they brought me. As the cold days of November arrived and ice began to form on the ponds, I began to try my luck on the ice. "Get away from that ice!" a man shouted. "It's not strong enough yet."
As Christmas approached it was with difficulty that I restrained (抑制) myself from reporting to Mrs Long and demanding my present. On the 21st of December, icy weather froze all the ponds so that boys who already had ice skates were able to use them. My longing to possess mine became overpowering.
So the next day I could control myself no longer and presented myself at Mrs Long's door. "I've been waiting for you," she said with a smile.
Paragraph 1:
She set me in a chair and handed a package to me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
On Christmas morning, I could not wait to open the package. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.CCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段的第二至四句可知,比较艺术活动的频率是实验的正确步骤。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的第三、四句可知,职业对"艺术活动和长寿"之间的关系没有影响。故选C项。
3.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句下文"It also helps people access emotional support and information that helps people age more successfully."可知,参加艺术活动有助于人们获得情感支持,从而推知,它能够"缓解"压力。A项(减轻,解除)与buffer的意思接近。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.BDDB
解析：1.推理判断题。由第一段中的"'Monsieur,' he said to me in French, but with a very unpleasant accent"可知,虽然年轻人用法语和"我"说话,但是那是一种令人非常不愉快的口音。由此可知,作者一开始觉得这个年轻人是令人不快的。结合选项可知,B项正确。
2.推理判断题。由第二段最后一句"You would hardly believe how much we love those who have taken the trouble to understand our jargon."可知,作者热爱那些不辞劳苦地理解他们行业术语的人,即作者因为年轻人花时间去理解作者的作品而感激他。结合选项可知,D项正确。
3.推理判断题。由最后一段第三句"In order to complete his herbarium, he was studying the country, the animals, and the people.",第五"He questioned me, if not about every one in Athens, at least about all the principal persons in my book."和第六句"In the course of the conversation, he made some statements on general subjects, which seemed to me quite insightful."可知,为了完成他的植物标本集,他正在研究国家、动物和人。他向"我"提问,即使不是关于雅典的所有人,至少也是"我"书本上的所有主要人物。在这次谈话过程中,他针对一般话题阐述了些观点,这对于"我"来说似乎相当有见解。由此可见,这个年轻人对植物研究非常热爱。结合选项可知,D项正确。
4.推理判断题。由第一段最后一句,第三段第一句、第五句和最后一句可知,作者写这篇文章是为了展示他和这位陌生的年轻人之间的友谊是怎么开始的。结合选项可知,B项正确。
C
答案：1-4.BBAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡(Edgar Allan Poe)从小父母双亡,被收养长大后在西点军校未能顺利毕业,之后婚姻不幸福,又罹患精神方面的疾病。经历了生活中的各种不如意,最后他转向写作,在虚幻的世界里寻求安慰。所以埃德加·爱伦·坡开始写作是为了在文学世界里找到安慰。故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段首句"The tragedies in Poe's life influenced the tone, style and contents of his writing."可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡一生的悲剧影响了他的写作基调、风格和内容。由此判断他的作品反映了他自己生活中的故事,故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段内容和关键句"Poe is credited with creating detective fiction, and many say he contributed greatly to the appearance of science fiction."可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡被认为是侦探小说的创始人,许多人说他对科幻小说的出现做出了巨大贡献。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知,埃德加·爱伦·坡是美国作家,他的一生充满了悲剧,但他对19世纪的美国文学产生了巨大的影响,并一直持续到今天。所以本文主要讲述了埃德加·爱伦·坡悲惨的人生经历及他对19世纪美国文学的影响。故短文的最佳标题为"埃德加·爱伦·坡:一个悲剧的天才作家"。
D
答案：1-4.CABD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"No poem should ever be discussed or 'analysed', until it has been read aloud by someone"以及第二段中的"All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud"可知,要更好地理解诗歌,需要反复诵读。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry."可知,作为英语教师,他们的目的之一就是让学生喜欢诗歌。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。第三段最后一句是指诗歌应该在语言和文学教学中占有更重要的地位。由此可知,应该更重视诗歌教学。故选B项。
4.词义猜测题。根据画线短语前作者对教诗歌的老师的忠告,和肯定朗读诗歌的价值及后面的"in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it"可知,此处作者呼吁应在课堂上留出些时间来让学生听诗歌、思考诗歌。故选D项。
第二节
答案：DEAGC
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了选择课外书的方法,如根据兴趣爱好选择、找到家庭成员喜爱的书等。
①根据本段最后一句和本部分标题"What makes you happy "可知,本段主要介绍的是要根据自己的兴趣爱好选择喜欢的书;空处为该段总起句,反映该段主题,故D项符合语境。
②根据该部分标题"Fiction or non-fiction "可知, 该部分主要介绍虚构类书籍和纪实类书籍; 该部分第一段介绍了虚构类书籍;据此可以判断,第二段将介绍纪实类书籍,故E项符合语境。
③空处前两句提到,当你的父母在你的年纪时,他们喜欢哪些书 据此可以判断,空处建议向父母询问并阅读父母喜欢的书,故A项正确。
④根据空处后的"Tell a librarian about your interests"可知,作者建议你告诉图书馆管理员你的兴趣;据此可以判断,空处与图书馆相关,故G项正确。G项的"you don't have to search all by yourself"与本段"Your librarian can help you find"相呼应。
⑤根据空后的"It's always fun to see what your friends are reading."及"encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like"可知,看朋友正在阅读的书是很有趣的事情,要互相鼓励去阅读和分享你们喜欢的书籍和作者。据此可以判断,C项正确。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.BCADA; 6-10.DBCDD; 11-15.ADBCB
解析：1.句意:仅在一周多一点的时间里,《流浪地球》单在国内市场上就赚了28亿人民币。outdoor室外的;domestic国内的;depressed抑郁的;global全球的。根据句意可知B项符合语境。故选B项。
2.句意:这部电影的受欢迎和成功对许多评论家来说都是一个惊喜,尤其是因为在过去,中国的科幻作品还没有那么成功。achievement成就;compliment赞美;surprise惊喜;priority 优先。根据空后的"especially since there hasn't been that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction in the past"可知,过去中国的科幻作品还没有那么成功,因此这部电影的受欢迎和成功对许多评论家来说都是一个惊喜,故选C项。
3.句意:许多人同意这部电影将改变槛尬的境况,并将中国的科幻小说带入新的时代。embarrassing令人尴尬的;extreme极端的;risky有风险的;complicate复杂的。上文说过去中国的科幻作品并不成功,因此此处说目前中国科幻小说的境况是槛尬的,故选A项。
4.句意:作为一种小说类型,中国科幻小说在电影和出版业都落后于普通小说。就连目前相当流行的刘慈欣的《三体》也没有很多读者,直到它被翻译成英语,并在2015年获得雨果奖。contribute to促成;take over接替;make up弥补;lag behind 落后。根据空后举的刘慈欣的例子可知,中国科幻小说在电影和出版业都落后于普通小说,故选D项。
5.句意:我个人也没有读过很多不同类型的中文小说,但我确实注意到,书店里没有太多专门放科幻小说的单独区域。personally个人地;obviously明显地;fortunately幸运地;hopefully有希望地。空后是作者在发表自己的个人看法,因此此处表示"个人地",故选A项。
6.句意:我不能代表每个人说话,但有些人似乎对这类型有误解。confidence自信;ambition抱负;suspicion猜疑;misunderstanding误解。上文说科幻小说的读者很少,再结合下文"我"父母的看法可知,有些人对科幻小说有误解,故选D项。
7.句意:他们认为科幻小说和幻想作品是不切实际的胡说八道,会"腐蚀我的大脑"。damage损坏;rot(使)腐烂;form形成;swing摆动。"我"的父母是那种试图引导"我"走向纪实文学和古典文学的人,他们认为科幻小说和幻想作品是不切实际的胡说八道,会腐蚀"我"的大脑,故选B项。
8.句意:事实上,伟大的科幻作家都在做他们的研究。通常情况下,人们可以从阅读科幻小说中获得大量关于科学及其可能发展的信息。in addition此外;for instance例如;in fact事实上;as a result结果是。根据空后的内容可知,作者是在澄清事实,此处表示"事实上",故选C项。
9.句意:当然,有些概念在本质上可能是令人困惑的或专业化的,但这也是吸引力的一部分。compound化合物,混合物;investigation调查;memory记忆;appeal吸引力。根据转折连词but可知,空处强调科幻小说的优点,故选D项。
10.句意:像互联网、电动汽车和平板电脑等事物在被发明之前首先在科幻小说中被理论化。imagine想象;operate操作;restore恢复;invent发明。由空前theorized可知D项符合语境,故选D项。
11.句意:科幻作家只是简单地将科学和他的想象力相结合,来创造不同于当今地球的世界…… combination结合;perspective 视角;definition定义;consequence后果。根据空后的"of science and his imagination"可知,此处为"科学和想象力的结合",故选A项。
12.句意:……我们从中能够得到可以转化为现实的点点滴滴。mystery神秘;restriction限制;connection联系;reality现实。上文说科幻作家将科学和想象力结合起来创造不同于当今地球的世界,与imagination对应的是reality,故选D项。
13.句意:很可能会有那么一天,地球不再能够承受整个世界的人口。protect保护;sustain维持,承受;double(使)加倍;estimate估计。根据空后的"We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships"可知,将来很有可能地球不再能够承受整个世界的人口了,故选B项。
14.句意:我们可能生活在火星上,也可能生活在巨型宇宙飞船中。也许我们将被迫将地球移动到一个新的太阳系,就像《流浪地球》一样。willing愿意的;thrilled激动的;forced被迫的;allowed被允许的。根据空后的"just like The Wandering Earth"可知,我们将地球移动到一个新的太阳系是被迫的,就像《流浪地球》一样。故选C项。
15.句意:如果我们要为即将到来的事情做好准备,我们可以从现代科幻小说中找出一扇通向未来的窗户though尽管;if如果;since自从;before在……之前。根据空后的"we are to be prepared for what is to come, we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future"可知,此处表示"如果",故选B项。
第二节
答案：an ; trying ; offered; assistance; settled; seats; hers; where; as; to connect
解析：本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在机场和飞机上帮助了一位行动不便的老太太,作者希望以后自己老了的时候别人也同样会帮助自己。
①考查冠词。句意一天,我读着一本好书,正舒适地等待着我的航班,正在这时,一位老太太被推进了候机室。由于第一次提及老太太,故用不定冠词,elderly的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
②考查非谓语动词。句意:我注意到她用颤抖的双手打开一袋坚果有困难。分析句子"I noticed the trouble she was having ②______ to open a packet of nuts with her shaking hands."可知此处为定语从句修饰先行同trouble,本句含有短语have trouble (in) doing sth.,故填现在分词trying。
③考查一般过去时。句意:没人愿意与她的目光对视,因此我主动帮忙。分析句子结构可知,本句缺乏谓语,由于是陈述过去的事情,故用一般过去时offered。
④考查名同。句意:她能行走,但是需要一些帮助……分析句子结构可知,本句缺乏宾语,故用assist 的名同形式assistance。
⑤考查非谓语动同。句意:当我帮她坐到自己的位置时,我注意到她旁边是一个商人,因为要与老太太一同坐飞机感到很恐怖。分析句子结构可知,此处结构为get sth. done(让某事被做),"get her settled"意为"把她安置下来",settle与其逻辑主语her之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词settled。
⑥考查名词单复数。句意:他主动提出和我换位置,我同意了。根据文章可知,商人不愿意与老太太坐在一起,想交换位置,故用seats。
⑦考查名词性物主代词。句意:由于她双手颤抖,我帮她填写了表格。空处做fill的宾语且后面没有名词, 故用名词性物主代词hers。
⑧考查关系副词。句意:因为没看见她预订的轮椅,所以我们慢慢地走向机场出口,她女儿在那里等她。 分析句子结构可知,"her daughter was waiting"做定语修饰先行词"the gate",关系词在从句中做地点状语,故用关系副词where。
⑨考查介词。句意:……但是当我回想这次经历时,我把这位老太太视为我的机场天使……此处为短语see sb. as...(把某人视作……),故用介词as。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意:……希望在我八十多岁旅行的时候,有人能够花点时间帮助我。此处为 take time to do sth.(花时间做某事),故用不定式to connect。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Jamie,
I am more than glad to know that you are interested in the traditional Chinese literature. It's never easy to learn Chinese characters and essays. Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn them well, so you don't have to feel upset. Here are some useful tips.
First, turn to the Internet for help when you have a problem, where you can learn how to read and write the characters. Second, you can learn from Chinese people around and I'm always here to help. But the most important is to keep on learning and reading. You are sure to make progress!
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
She set me in a chair and handed a package to me. She said to me, "Thanks for cutting grass for me. Because I didn't have much money, I didn't pay you money. I had promised to give you a present, so it is time for you to get your present." I was so excited that I wanted to open it right now, but Mrs Long stopped me and said, "You can't open it until Christmas morning. Can you make it " "Of course, Mrs Long," I replied.
Paragraph 2:
On Christmas morning, I could not wait to open the package. To my excitement, it was a brand-new pair of ice skates which I was eager for. I couldn't control myself and went to the frozen pond. I skated on the ice with the other people. As I skated on the ice, I thought of Mrs Long-how kind she was to send me such a present. She observed me for a long time and knew what I wanted so much. It was a present better than much money.