强调句和省略句
图片预览
文档简介
强调句和省略句
1.强调句
(1) 强调人时可用who，强调其他任何部分都用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.
不仅是盲人才会犯这种愚蠢的错误。
It is American movies that he likes to watch.
他喜欢看的是美国电影。
(2) 强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前。
Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?
第二次世界大战是在1933年爆发的吗?
Is it American films that he likes to watch most?
他最喜欢看的是美国电影吗？
(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构是“疑问词+ is/was+it+that从句”。
Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?
为什么不允许在这儿抽烟?
(4) 原因状语从句中只有because引导的从句可以被强调。
It was because her mother was ill that she didn’t come to school yesterday.
是因为她妈妈病了她昨天才没来上学的。
(5) 在not ...until ...结构中，对until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，需用It isn?t/wasn?t until ...that ...这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位著名的影星。
注意：It is/was ...that ...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do，did或does+动词原形，且只限于祈使句和肯定的陈述句。
Do be careful when crossing the street.
过马路时一定要当心。
Mike does enjoy playing football.
迈克确实喜欢踢足球。
强调句（二）
一、强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday thathe met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
☆ not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
【考点诠释】
仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，
1、强调部分从短语向句子过渡。
It is what you do rather than what you say________matters.
A. that B. what C. which D. this
在例子中强调了主语从句what you do rather than what you say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句，并且由rather than引出
答案：A
还原为：What you do matters, not what you say matters
2、 强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。
强调句的否定句形式为：It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who ...
强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who ...?
强调句的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词 + is / was it + that / who ...?
（1）. Was it in 1969________the American astronaut succeeded________landing on the moon?
A. when; on B. that; on
C. when; in D. that; in
（2）. —________ that he managed to get the information?
—Oh, a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it
C. How was it D. Why was it
3、从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从句中，增加判断句子的难度。
David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature________he chose the course.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
例：强调句型却出现在宾语从句中，考生须熟练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。
4、干扰因素增多，增加了与其它相似句型的辨析，尤其是it开头的句子。
考查强调句与非强调句的辨别
1. 设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如：
It might have been John ______ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
2. 设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如：
It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester.
A. that B. until C. since D. before
（二）用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气。?
On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）?
Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。?
Only in this way can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。?
（三）利用词语进行强调?
(1）用very强调名词?
You are the very person for this job. ?
(2）用right/just强调副词性词组?
I put that book right here a moment ago.?
My key was right in my own hand when I tried to find it everywhere.?
(3)用ever强调?
When will you ever learn to listen to others?
This is the best ever!
(4)用助动词do强调动词?
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
高考英语强调句实战训练
1. Who was it ______ put so many large stones on the road?
A. this B. that
C. he D. she
2. What a silly mistake it is ______ you’ve made!
A. it B. this
C. that D. which
3. It was not until midnight ______ the noise of the street stopped.
A. that B. this
C. since D. at which
4. Was ______ that I met at the railway station the other day?
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
5. It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as
C. that D. then
6. It may have been at Christmas ______ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who
C. that D. when
7. Why was ______ that the old woman was sent to prison?
A. he B. it
C. that D. because
8. It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since
C. that D. what
9. It was the boy ______ had been in prison ______ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how
C. who, that D. that, which
10. It might be I, who ______ caused the accident, who ______ to answer for it.
A. has, is B. have, are
C. has, am D. have, am
11. It was _____ I reached there _____ I began to know something about the matter.
A. until, when B. until, that
C. not until, that D. not when, that
12. It was _____ my father worked _____ I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
13. It was not until he came back ______ he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
14. It’s more than half a century ______ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
15. It was not ______ you had explained how ______ I managed to do it.
A. for, that B. until, that
C. for, when D. until, when
【参考答案】
1—5 BCAAC 6—10 CBCCD 11—15 CACCB
2.省略句
(1) 在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if， unless， as if， though， as等引导的状语从句中，若从句中的谓语有be动词，而从句的主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be常被省略。
Unless (I am) invited, I won?t go to the party.
如果没被邀请，我是不会去参加那个聚会的。
When (you are) working，you must pay attention.
工作时，你必须全神贯注。
(2) 在as， than， however， whatever， no matter what等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。
I must get it done whatever the cost (may be).
无论代价多大，我都要把这件事情办好。
I can only do it the way as was told to(do it that way).
我只能按照吩咐去做。
(3)虚拟条件句常省略if，将were，had，should提前构成倒装。
Should there be a flood(=If there should be a flood)，what should we do?
如果发洪水，我们该怎么办?
(4)有些状语从句置于句末，可以作句尾省略，有时也可以省略整个从句。
John will go there if my brother will(go).
如果我哥哥去那儿，约翰也去。
I would have come yesterday (If I had wanted to).
我昨天本来可以来的。
省略句
【考点诠释】
省略是为了使句子更简洁，同时又不影响句子意义的表达。因此，省略的部分常常可以从句子结构本身或句子所处的语境中可以明确领会其成分。如：?
You are as tall as he (is).?
When (you are) in Rome, do as the Romans do.?
1.比较从句中的省略?
I love classic music more than (I like) rock and roll.?
He is no longer so shy as (he was) before.?
2.在时间状语和条件状语从句中的省略?
While (I was) on the street, I came across a friend of mine.?
If (you are) offered help, never forget to say “Thank you!”?
If (it is) possible, I would like to go there tomorrow.?
3.在其他状语从句中的省略?
I won’t go there unless (I am) invited. ?
Things have turned out just as (they were) expected. ?
How beautiful ( it is)!
4.在并列从句中的省略?
The girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too.?
The news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad. ?
5.命令和请求?
No talking！?
Silent, everybody!
6.特定问题的回答?
—Where have you been?
—(I’ve been) Out.?
—Have you been waiting long?
—(I’ve been waiting for) About an hour.?
7.简略的提问句?
—Tom, go and water the flowers.?
—Why (do you make) me (water the flowers)?
8.用替代词的省略
（1）to代替不定式
--- Would you like to come to the party? -你愿意参加晚会吗？
--- I'd like to (come to the party).-我愿意。
You may go with them if you want to (go).如果你愿意的话，也可以和他们一起去。
注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。
-Are you on holiday?你放假了吗？
-No, but I’d like to be ( on holiday).没有。不过我真愿意。
-She hasn’t done it yet.她还没有做。
-She ought to (have done it).她该做。
（2）so 和not
---Is the singer going to give any performance at the evening party? 这位歌手在晚会上要表演节目的吧?
---I expect so. 我想是吧。
---I expect not. (I don't expect so.)我认为不会。
---Do you think so? 你是这样想吗?
---Absolutely not. 当然不是。
（3）one和that作替代词时的区别
① one 可以代替人或物，that只能代替物。
I haven't a book; can you lend me one? 我没有书，你能借我一本吗?
I have a brother, one in the army.我有一个哥哥，他在部队。
Look at the clock, that the wall.看那座钟，墙上那座。
② one只能代替可数名词；that可替代可数名词与不可数名词。
The novel is as interesting as the one I read last year.这本小说和我去年读的那本一样有趣。
The weather here is rather hotter than that in Beijing.这里的天气比北京的热。
③ one 可以有前置或后置定语；而that只能有后置定语。
Your answer is better than that of hers.你的答案比她的好。
This is a red pen, and I have three other blue ones.这是一枝红钢笔，我还有三只别的。
Please look at the map, the one on the right wall.请看地图，右边墙上的那幅。
④ one（不加定语）表示泛指；that表示特指。
The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.这首曲子和我昨天听的那首一样美。
A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than one by a Chinese poet.
美国作家写的诗通常比中国作家写得难懂。
经典省略句考题分析
I want to improve my English, but I don’t know _________. What can you suggest?
A. when B. how C. why D. where
【分析】此题应选 B，其余三项均有可能误选，其实此句为省略句，补完整应为 … but I don’t know how to improve my English. 请看以下类似试题：
(1) I think the door is locked, but I’d better go and make sure it _________.
A. does B. has C. was D. is
答案选D，为 …and make sure it is locked. 之省略。
(2) Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember _________.
A. where B. there C. which D. that
答案选C，为I can’t remember which city he comes from. 之省略。
(3) Some of the answers were correct, but I don’t remember _________.
A. where B. what C. which D. that
答案选C，I don’t remember which 后省略了 ones (were correct)。
(3) He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he _________.
A. had B. was C. would D. sold
答案选C，为He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he would sell. 之省略。
(4) I touched the door to see if the paint was still wet, and it _________.
A. did B. was C. had D. might
答案选B，为…and it was wet. 之省略。
强调句和省略句
1.强调句
(1) 强调人时可用who，强调其他任何部分都用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.
不仅是盲人才会犯这种愚蠢的错误。
It is American movies that he likes to watch.
他喜欢看的是美国电影。
(2) 强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前。
Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?
第二次世界大战是在1933年爆发的吗?
Is it American films that he likes to watch most?
他最喜欢看的是美国电影吗？
(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构是“疑问词+ is/was+it+that从句”。
Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?
为什么不允许在这儿抽烟?
(4) 原因状语从句中只有because引导的从句可以被强调。
It was because her mother was ill that she didn’t come to school yesterday.
是因为她妈妈病了她昨天才没来上学的。
(5) 在not ...until ...结构中，对until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，需用It isn?t/wasn?t until ...that ...这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位著名的影星。
注意：It is/was ...that ...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do，did或does+动词原形，且只限于祈使句和肯定的陈述句。
Do be careful when crossing the street.
过马路时一定要当心。
Mike does enjoy playing football.
迈克确实喜欢踢足球。
强调句（二）
一、强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday thathe met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
☆ not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
【考点诠释】
仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，
1、强调部分从短语向句子过渡。
It is what you do rather than what you say________matters.
A. that B. what C. which D. this
在例子中强调了主语从句what you do rather than what you say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句，并且由rather than引出
答案：A
还原为：What you do matters, not what you say matters
2、 强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。
强调句的否定句形式为：It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who ...
强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who ...?
强调句的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词 + is / was it + that / who ...?
（1）. Was it in 1969________the American astronaut succeeded________landing on the moon?
A. when; on B. that; on
C. when; in D. that; in
（2）. —________ that he managed to get the information?
—Oh, a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it
C. How was it D. Why was it
3、从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从句中，增加判断句子的难度。
David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature________he chose the course.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
例：强调句型却出现在宾语从句中，考生须熟练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。
4、干扰因素增多，增加了与其它相似句型的辨析，尤其是it开头的句子。
考查强调句与非强调句的辨别
1. 设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如：
It might have been John ______ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
2. 设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如：
It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester.
A. that B. until C. since D. before
（二）用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气。?
On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）?
Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。?
Only in this way can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。?
（三）利用词语进行强调?
(1）用very强调名词?
You are the very person for this job. ?
(2）用right/just强调副词性词组?
I put that book right here a moment ago.?
My key was right in my own hand when I tried to find it everywhere.?
(3)用ever强调?
When will you ever learn to listen to others?
This is the best ever!
(4)用助动词do强调动词?
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
高考英语强调句实战训练
1. Who was it ______ put so many large stones on the road?
A. this B. that
C. he D. she
2. What a silly mistake it is ______ you’ve made!
A. it B. this
C. that D. which
3. It was not until midnight ______ the noise of the street stopped.
A. that B. this
C. since D. at which
4. Was ______ that I met at the railway station the other day?
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
5. It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as
C. that D. then
6. It may have been at Christmas ______ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who
C. that D. when
7. Why was ______ that the old woman was sent to prison?
A. he B. it
C. that D. because
8. It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since
C. that D. what
9. It was the boy ______ had been in prison ______ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how
C. who, that D. that, which
10. It might be I, who ______ caused the accident, who ______ to answer for it.
A. has, is B. have, are
C. has, am D. have, am
11. It was _____ I reached there _____ I began to know something about the matter.
A. until, when B. until, that
C. not until, that D. not when, that
12. It was _____ my father worked _____ I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
13. It was not until he came back ______ he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
14. It’s more than half a century ______ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
15. It was not ______ you had explained how ______ I managed to do it.
A. for, that B. until, that
C. for, when D. until, when
【参考答案】
1—5 BCAAC 6—10 CBCCD 11—15 CACCB
2.省略句
(1) 在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if， unless， as if， though， as等引导的状语从句中，若从句中的谓语有be动词，而从句的主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be常被省略。
Unless (I am) invited, I won?t go to the party.
如果没被邀请，我是不会去参加那个聚会的。
When (you are) working，you must pay attention.
工作时，你必须全神贯注。
(2) 在as， than， however， whatever， no matter what等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。
I must get it done whatever the cost (may be).
无论代价多大，我都要把这件事情办好。
I can only do it the way as was told to(do it that way).
我只能按照吩咐去做。
(3)虚拟条件句常省略if，将were，had，should提前构成倒装。
Should there be a flood(=If there should be a flood)，what should we do?
如果发洪水，我们该怎么办?
(4)有些状语从句置于句末，可以作句尾省略，有时也可以省略整个从句。
John will go there if my brother will(go).
如果我哥哥去那儿，约翰也去。
I would have come yesterday (If I had wanted to).
我昨天本来可以来的。
省略句
【考点诠释】
省略是为了使句子更简洁，同时又不影响句子意义的表达。因此，省略的部分常常可以从句子结构本身或句子所处的语境中可以明确领会其成分。如：?
You are as tall as he (is).?
When (you are) in Rome, do as the Romans do.?
1.比较从句中的省略?
I love classic music more than (I like) rock and roll.?
He is no longer so shy as (he was) before.?
2.在时间状语和条件状语从句中的省略?
While (I was) on the street, I came across a friend of mine.?
If (you are) offered help, never forget to say “Thank you!”?
If (it is) possible, I would like to go there tomorrow.?
3.在其他状语从句中的省略?
I won’t go there unless (I am) invited. ?
Things have turned out just as (they were) expected. ?
How beautiful ( it is)!
4.在并列从句中的省略?
The girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too.?
The news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad. ?
5.命令和请求?
No talking！?
Silent, everybody!
6.特定问题的回答?
—Where have you been?
—(I’ve been) Out.?
—Have you been waiting long?
—(I’ve been waiting for) About an hour.?
7.简略的提问句?
—Tom, go and water the flowers.?
—Why (do you make) me (water the flowers)?
8.用替代词的省略
（1）to代替不定式
--- Would you like to come to the party? -你愿意参加晚会吗？
--- I'd like to (come to the party).-我愿意。
You may go with them if you want to (go).如果你愿意的话，也可以和他们一起去。
注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。
-Are you on holiday?你放假了吗？
-No, but I’d like to be ( on holiday).没有。不过我真愿意。
-She hasn’t done it yet.她还没有做。
-She ought to (have done it).她该做。
（2）so 和not
---Is the singer going to give any performance at the evening party? 这位歌手在晚会上要表演节目的吧?
---I expect so. 我想是吧。
---I expect not. (I don't expect so.)我认为不会。
---Do you think so? 你是这样想吗?
---Absolutely not. 当然不是。
（3）one和that作替代词时的区别
① one 可以代替人或物，that只能代替物。
I haven't a book; can you lend me one? 我没有书，你能借我一本吗?
I have a brother, one in the army.我有一个哥哥，他在部队。
Look at the clock, that the wall.看那座钟，墙上那座。
② one只能代替可数名词；that可替代可数名词与不可数名词。
The novel is as interesting as the one I read last year.这本小说和我去年读的那本一样有趣。
The weather here is rather hotter than that in Beijing.这里的天气比北京的热。
③ one 可以有前置或后置定语；而that只能有后置定语。
Your answer is better than that of hers.你的答案比她的好。
This is a red pen, and I have three other blue ones.这是一枝红钢笔，我还有三只别的。
Please look at the map, the one on the right wall.请看地图，右边墙上的那幅。
④ one（不加定语）表示泛指；that表示特指。
The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.这首曲子和我昨天听的那首一样美。
A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than one by a Chinese poet.
美国作家写的诗通常比中国作家写得难懂。
经典省略句考题分析
I want to improve my English, but I don’t know _________. What can you suggest?
A. when B. how C. why D. where
【分析】此题应选 B，其余三项均有可能误选，其实此句为省略句，补完整应为 … but I don’t know how to improve my English. 请看以下类似试题：
(1) I think the door is locked, but I’d better go and make sure it _________.
A. does B. has C. was D. is
答案选D，为 …and make sure it is locked. 之省略。
(2) Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember _________.
A. where B. there C. which D. that
答案选C，为I can’t remember which city he comes from. 之省略。
(3) Some of the answers were correct, but I don’t remember _________.
A. where B. what C. which D. that
答案选C，I don’t remember which 后省略了 ones (were correct)。
(3) He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he _________.
A. had B. was C. would D. sold
答案选C，为He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he would sell. 之省略。
(4) I touched the door to see if the paint was still wet, and it _________.
A. did B. was C. had D. might
答案选B，为…and it was wet. 之省略。
1.强调句
(1) 强调人时可用who，强调其他任何部分都用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.
不仅是盲人才会犯这种愚蠢的错误。
It is American movies that he likes to watch.
他喜欢看的是美国电影。
(2) 强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前。
Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?
第二次世界大战是在1933年爆发的吗?
Is it American films that he likes to watch most?
他最喜欢看的是美国电影吗？
(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构是“疑问词+ is/was+it+that从句”。
Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?
为什么不允许在这儿抽烟?
(4) 原因状语从句中只有because引导的从句可以被强调。
It was because her mother was ill that she didn’t come to school yesterday.
是因为她妈妈病了她昨天才没来上学的。
(5) 在not ...until ...结构中，对until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，需用It isn?t/wasn?t until ...that ...这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位著名的影星。
注意：It is/was ...that ...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do，did或does+动词原形，且只限于祈使句和肯定的陈述句。
Do be careful when crossing the street.
过马路时一定要当心。
Mike does enjoy playing football.
迈克确实喜欢踢足球。
强调句（二）
一、强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday thathe met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
☆ not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
【考点诠释】
仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，
1、强调部分从短语向句子过渡。
It is what you do rather than what you say________matters.
A. that B. what C. which D. this
在例子中强调了主语从句what you do rather than what you say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句，并且由rather than引出
答案：A
还原为：What you do matters, not what you say matters
2、 强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。
强调句的否定句形式为：It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who ...
强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who ...?
强调句的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词 + is / was it + that / who ...?
（1）. Was it in 1969________the American astronaut succeeded________landing on the moon?
A. when; on B. that; on
C. when; in D. that; in
（2）. —________ that he managed to get the information?
—Oh, a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it
C. How was it D. Why was it
3、从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从句中，增加判断句子的难度。
David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature________he chose the course.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
例：强调句型却出现在宾语从句中，考生须熟练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。
4、干扰因素增多，增加了与其它相似句型的辨析，尤其是it开头的句子。
考查强调句与非强调句的辨别
1. 设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如：
It might have been John ______ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
2. 设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如：
It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester.
A. that B. until C. since D. before
（二）用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气。?
On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）?
Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。?
Only in this way can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。?
（三）利用词语进行强调?
(1）用very强调名词?
You are the very person for this job. ?
(2）用right/just强调副词性词组?
I put that book right here a moment ago.?
My key was right in my own hand when I tried to find it everywhere.?
(3)用ever强调?
When will you ever learn to listen to others?
This is the best ever!
(4)用助动词do强调动词?
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
高考英语强调句实战训练
1. Who was it ______ put so many large stones on the road?
A. this B. that
C. he D. she
2. What a silly mistake it is ______ you’ve made!
A. it B. this
C. that D. which
3. It was not until midnight ______ the noise of the street stopped.
A. that B. this
C. since D. at which
4. Was ______ that I met at the railway station the other day?
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
5. It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as
C. that D. then
6. It may have been at Christmas ______ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who
C. that D. when
7. Why was ______ that the old woman was sent to prison?
A. he B. it
C. that D. because
8. It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since
C. that D. what
9. It was the boy ______ had been in prison ______ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how
C. who, that D. that, which
10. It might be I, who ______ caused the accident, who ______ to answer for it.
A. has, is B. have, are
C. has, am D. have, am
11. It was _____ I reached there _____ I began to know something about the matter.
A. until, when B. until, that
C. not until, that D. not when, that
12. It was _____ my father worked _____ I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
13. It was not until he came back ______ he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
14. It’s more than half a century ______ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
15. It was not ______ you had explained how ______ I managed to do it.
A. for, that B. until, that
C. for, when D. until, when
【参考答案】
1—5 BCAAC 6—10 CBCCD 11—15 CACCB
2.省略句
(1) 在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if， unless， as if， though， as等引导的状语从句中，若从句中的谓语有be动词，而从句的主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be常被省略。
Unless (I am) invited, I won?t go to the party.
如果没被邀请，我是不会去参加那个聚会的。
When (you are) working，you must pay attention.
工作时，你必须全神贯注。
(2) 在as， than， however， whatever， no matter what等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。
I must get it done whatever the cost (may be).
无论代价多大，我都要把这件事情办好。
I can only do it the way as was told to(do it that way).
我只能按照吩咐去做。
(3)虚拟条件句常省略if，将were，had，should提前构成倒装。
Should there be a flood(=If there should be a flood)，what should we do?
如果发洪水，我们该怎么办?
(4)有些状语从句置于句末，可以作句尾省略，有时也可以省略整个从句。
John will go there if my brother will(go).
如果我哥哥去那儿，约翰也去。
I would have come yesterday (If I had wanted to).
我昨天本来可以来的。
省略句
【考点诠释】
省略是为了使句子更简洁，同时又不影响句子意义的表达。因此，省略的部分常常可以从句子结构本身或句子所处的语境中可以明确领会其成分。如：?
You are as tall as he (is).?
When (you are) in Rome, do as the Romans do.?
1.比较从句中的省略?
I love classic music more than (I like) rock and roll.?
He is no longer so shy as (he was) before.?
2.在时间状语和条件状语从句中的省略?
While (I was) on the street, I came across a friend of mine.?
If (you are) offered help, never forget to say “Thank you!”?
If (it is) possible, I would like to go there tomorrow.?
3.在其他状语从句中的省略?
I won’t go there unless (I am) invited. ?
Things have turned out just as (they were) expected. ?
How beautiful ( it is)!
4.在并列从句中的省略?
The girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too.?
The news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad. ?
5.命令和请求?
No talking！?
Silent, everybody!
6.特定问题的回答?
—Where have you been?
—(I’ve been) Out.?
—Have you been waiting long?
—(I’ve been waiting for) About an hour.?
7.简略的提问句?
—Tom, go and water the flowers.?
—Why (do you make) me (water the flowers)?
8.用替代词的省略
（1）to代替不定式
--- Would you like to come to the party? -你愿意参加晚会吗？
--- I'd like to (come to the party).-我愿意。
You may go with them if you want to (go).如果你愿意的话，也可以和他们一起去。
注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。
-Are you on holiday?你放假了吗？
-No, but I’d like to be ( on holiday).没有。不过我真愿意。
-She hasn’t done it yet.她还没有做。
-She ought to (have done it).她该做。
（2）so 和not
---Is the singer going to give any performance at the evening party? 这位歌手在晚会上要表演节目的吧?
---I expect so. 我想是吧。
---I expect not. (I don't expect so.)我认为不会。
---Do you think so? 你是这样想吗?
---Absolutely not. 当然不是。
（3）one和that作替代词时的区别
① one 可以代替人或物，that只能代替物。
I haven't a book; can you lend me one? 我没有书，你能借我一本吗?
I have a brother, one in the army.我有一个哥哥，他在部队。
Look at the clock, that the wall.看那座钟，墙上那座。
② one只能代替可数名词；that可替代可数名词与不可数名词。
The novel is as interesting as the one I read last year.这本小说和我去年读的那本一样有趣。
The weather here is rather hotter than that in Beijing.这里的天气比北京的热。
③ one 可以有前置或后置定语；而that只能有后置定语。
Your answer is better than that of hers.你的答案比她的好。
This is a red pen, and I have three other blue ones.这是一枝红钢笔，我还有三只别的。
Please look at the map, the one on the right wall.请看地图，右边墙上的那幅。
④ one（不加定语）表示泛指；that表示特指。
The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.这首曲子和我昨天听的那首一样美。
A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than one by a Chinese poet.
美国作家写的诗通常比中国作家写得难懂。
经典省略句考题分析
I want to improve my English, but I don’t know _________. What can you suggest?
A. when B. how C. why D. where
【分析】此题应选 B，其余三项均有可能误选，其实此句为省略句，补完整应为 … but I don’t know how to improve my English. 请看以下类似试题：
(1) I think the door is locked, but I’d better go and make sure it _________.
A. does B. has C. was D. is
答案选D，为 …and make sure it is locked. 之省略。
(2) Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember _________.
A. where B. there C. which D. that
答案选C，为I can’t remember which city he comes from. 之省略。
(3) Some of the answers were correct, but I don’t remember _________.
A. where B. what C. which D. that
答案选C，I don’t remember which 后省略了 ones (were correct)。
(3) He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he _________.
A. had B. was C. would D. sold
答案选C，为He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he would sell. 之省略。
(4) I touched the door to see if the paint was still wet, and it _________.
A. did B. was C. had D. might
答案选B，为…and it was wet. 之省略。
强调句和省略句
1.强调句
(1) 强调人时可用who，强调其他任何部分都用that。所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.
不仅是盲人才会犯这种愚蠢的错误。
It is American movies that he likes to watch.
他喜欢看的是美国电影。
(2) 强调句型的一般疑问句只需把is/was提前。
Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?
第二次世界大战是在1933年爆发的吗?
Is it American films that he likes to watch most?
他最喜欢看的是美国电影吗？
(3) 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构是“疑问词+ is/was+it+that从句”。
Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?
为什么不允许在这儿抽烟?
(4) 原因状语从句中只有because引导的从句可以被强调。
It was because her mother was ill that she didn’t come to school yesterday.
是因为她妈妈病了她昨天才没来上学的。
(5) 在not ...until ...结构中，对until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，需用It isn?t/wasn?t until ...that ...这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位著名的影星。
注意：It is/was ...that ...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do，did或does+动词原形，且只限于祈使句和肯定的陈述句。
Do be careful when crossing the street.
过马路时一定要当心。
Mike does enjoy playing football.
迈克确实喜欢踢足球。
强调句（二）
一、强调句句型
1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday thathe met Li Ping.
2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
☆ not … until … 句型的强调句
1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分
e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
【考点诠释】
仔细研究近年高考题，我们不难发现强调句倍受出题者的青睐。在近五年的高考试卷中强调句已经成为高考热点。命题者加大了对句子结构复杂程度和知识面的考查，同时注重考查知识之间的交叉和语法知识的力度。这就要求我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，
1、强调部分从短语向句子过渡。
It is what you do rather than what you say________matters.
A. that B. what C. which D. this
在例子中强调了主语从句what you do rather than what you say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句，并且由rather than引出
答案：A
还原为：What you do matters, not what you say matters
2、 强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。
强调句的否定句形式为：It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who ...
强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who ...?
强调句的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词 + is / was it + that / who ...?
（1）. Was it in 1969________the American astronaut succeeded________landing on the moon?
A. when; on B. that; on
C. when; in D. that; in
（2）. —________ that he managed to get the information?
—Oh, a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it
C. How was it D. Why was it
3、从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从句中，增加判断句子的难度。
David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature________he chose the course.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
例：强调句型却出现在宾语从句中，考生须熟练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。
4、干扰因素增多，增加了与其它相似句型的辨析，尤其是it开头的句子。
考查强调句与非强调句的辨别
1. 设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如：
It might have been John ______ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
2. 设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如：
It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester.
A. that B. until C. since D. before
（二）用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气。?
On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）?
Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。?
Only in this way can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。?
（三）利用词语进行强调?
(1）用very强调名词?
You are the very person for this job. ?
(2）用right/just强调副词性词组?
I put that book right here a moment ago.?
My key was right in my own hand when I tried to find it everywhere.?
(3)用ever强调?
When will you ever learn to listen to others?
This is the best ever!
(4)用助动词do强调动词?
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。
高考英语强调句实战训练
1. Who was it ______ put so many large stones on the road?
A. this B. that
C. he D. she
2. What a silly mistake it is ______ you’ve made!
A. it B. this
C. that D. which
3. It was not until midnight ______ the noise of the street stopped.
A. that B. this
C. since D. at which
4. Was ______ that I met at the railway station the other day?
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
5. It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as
C. that D. then
6. It may have been at Christmas ______ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who
C. that D. when
7. Why was ______ that the old woman was sent to prison?
A. he B. it
C. that D. because
8. It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since
C. that D. what
9. It was the boy ______ had been in prison ______ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how
C. who, that D. that, which
10. It might be I, who ______ caused the accident, who ______ to answer for it.
A. has, is B. have, are
C. has, am D. have, am
11. It was _____ I reached there _____ I began to know something about the matter.
A. until, when B. until, that
C. not until, that D. not when, that
12. It was _____ my father worked _____ I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
13. It was not until he came back ______ he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
14. It’s more than half a century ______ the People’s Republic of China was liberated.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
15. It was not ______ you had explained how ______ I managed to do it.
A. for, that B. until, that
C. for, when D. until, when
【参考答案】
1—5 BCAAC 6—10 CBCCD 11—15 CACCB
2.省略句
(1) 在when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if， unless， as if， though， as等引导的状语从句中，若从句中的谓语有be动词，而从句的主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be常被省略。
Unless (I am) invited, I won?t go to the party.
如果没被邀请，我是不会去参加那个聚会的。
When (you are) working，you must pay attention.
工作时，你必须全神贯注。
(2) 在as， than， however， whatever， no matter what等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。
I must get it done whatever the cost (may be).
无论代价多大，我都要把这件事情办好。
I can only do it the way as was told to(do it that way).
我只能按照吩咐去做。
(3)虚拟条件句常省略if，将were，had，should提前构成倒装。
Should there be a flood(=If there should be a flood)，what should we do?
如果发洪水，我们该怎么办?
(4)有些状语从句置于句末，可以作句尾省略，有时也可以省略整个从句。
John will go there if my brother will(go).
如果我哥哥去那儿，约翰也去。
I would have come yesterday (If I had wanted to).
我昨天本来可以来的。
省略句
【考点诠释】
省略是为了使句子更简洁，同时又不影响句子意义的表达。因此，省略的部分常常可以从句子结构本身或句子所处的语境中可以明确领会其成分。如：?
You are as tall as he (is).?
When (you are) in Rome, do as the Romans do.?
1.比较从句中的省略?
I love classic music more than (I like) rock and roll.?
He is no longer so shy as (he was) before.?
2.在时间状语和条件状语从句中的省略?
While (I was) on the street, I came across a friend of mine.?
If (you are) offered help, never forget to say “Thank you!”?
If (it is) possible, I would like to go there tomorrow.?
3.在其他状语从句中的省略?
I won’t go there unless (I am) invited. ?
Things have turned out just as (they were) expected. ?
How beautiful ( it is)!
4.在并列从句中的省略?
The girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too.?
The news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad. ?
5.命令和请求?
No talking！?
Silent, everybody!
6.特定问题的回答?
—Where have you been?
—(I’ve been) Out.?
—Have you been waiting long?
—(I’ve been waiting for) About an hour.?
7.简略的提问句?
—Tom, go and water the flowers.?
—Why (do you make) me (water the flowers)?
8.用替代词的省略
（1）to代替不定式
--- Would you like to come to the party? -你愿意参加晚会吗？
--- I'd like to (come to the party).-我愿意。
You may go with them if you want to (go).如果你愿意的话，也可以和他们一起去。
注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。
-Are you on holiday?你放假了吗？
-No, but I’d like to be ( on holiday).没有。不过我真愿意。
-She hasn’t done it yet.她还没有做。
-She ought to (have done it).她该做。
（2）so 和not
---Is the singer going to give any performance at the evening party? 这位歌手在晚会上要表演节目的吧?
---I expect so. 我想是吧。
---I expect not. (I don't expect so.)我认为不会。
---Do you think so? 你是这样想吗?
---Absolutely not. 当然不是。
（3）one和that作替代词时的区别
① one 可以代替人或物，that只能代替物。
I haven't a book; can you lend me one? 我没有书，你能借我一本吗?
I have a brother, one in the army.我有一个哥哥，他在部队。
Look at the clock, that the wall.看那座钟，墙上那座。
② one只能代替可数名词；that可替代可数名词与不可数名词。
The novel is as interesting as the one I read last year.这本小说和我去年读的那本一样有趣。
The weather here is rather hotter than that in Beijing.这里的天气比北京的热。
③ one 可以有前置或后置定语；而that只能有后置定语。
Your answer is better than that of hers.你的答案比她的好。
This is a red pen, and I have three other blue ones.这是一枝红钢笔，我还有三只别的。
Please look at the map, the one on the right wall.请看地图，右边墙上的那幅。
④ one（不加定语）表示泛指；that表示特指。
The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.这首曲子和我昨天听的那首一样美。
A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than one by a Chinese poet.
美国作家写的诗通常比中国作家写得难懂。
经典省略句考题分析
I want to improve my English, but I don’t know _________. What can you suggest?
A. when B. how C. why D. where
【分析】此题应选 B，其余三项均有可能误选，其实此句为省略句，补完整应为 … but I don’t know how to improve my English. 请看以下类似试题：
(1) I think the door is locked, but I’d better go and make sure it _________.
A. does B. has C. was D. is
答案选D，为 …and make sure it is locked. 之省略。
(2) Dr Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can’t remember _________.
A. where B. there C. which D. that
答案选C，为I can’t remember which city he comes from. 之省略。
(3) Some of the answers were correct, but I don’t remember _________.
A. where B. what C. which D. that
答案选C，I don’t remember which 后省略了 ones (were correct)。
(3) He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he _________.
A. had B. was C. would D. sold
答案选C，为He didn’t sell half as many computers as he thought he would sell. 之省略。
(4) I touched the door to see if the paint was still wet, and it _________.
A. did B. was C. had D. might
答案选B，为…and it was wet. 之省略。