河北省2022年中考英语阅读理解冲刺专练（一）（含答案解析）

河北2022中考英语阅读理解冲刺专练（一）
A
Do you know the two lovely mascots You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17,2019, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV. Now, let’s see who they are.
Look at the panda! It looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell and looks fat, so we call it “Bing Dwen Dwen”. White is the colour of ice and snow. “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
Do you think the red mascot looks like a lantern The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhon Rhon”. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. “Shuey Rhon Rhon”can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
Many people in different countries like the two mascots very much, and they show their love for them on the Internet.
1．What does the underlined word “mascot” mean in the passage _______.
A．A song of the Olympic Games.
B．A sport of the Olympic Games.
C．A symbol of the Olympic Games.
D．A sign of the Olympic Games.
2．________ is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A． “Fuwa” dolls B．Bing Dwen Dwen
C．An astronaut D．Shuey Rhon Rhon
3．Why do people make or buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year comes _______.
A．Because it is easy to make red lanterns.
B．Because “Shuey Rhon Rhon” is a mascot.
C．Because people think red lanterns are very lovely.
D．Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage _______.
A． “Bing Dwen Dwen” can skate very well.
B． “Shuey Rhon Rhon” likes ice sports and is good at them.
C．The two lovely mascots first showed on TV on September 16.
D．Everybody likes the two mascots and shows his love on the Internet.
5．What’s the best title of the passage _______.
A．The sports in Olympic Games.
B．Two Olympic mascots come to life.
C．2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
D．2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
B
Taiwan lies off the east coast of Fujian Province. It’s an island surrounded by the Pacific Ocean to the east, and the East China Sea to the north.
Taiwan is the largest island in our country. The island, which is about 3,6000 square kilometers, has a population of over two hundred million. There are lots of resources in Taiwan. The weather there is warm and wet. So many plants grow very well. Its products like banana, rice and tea are well-known all over the world. Taiwan also has many beautiful places, such as Sun Moon Lake, Ali Mountain and the highest 101 mansion in the world, and so on. And, lots of people visit there. Taiwan is a rich place. It has a good environment and mild climate. Thousands of people like to come here for traveling.
Its provincial capital city is Taipei. The other important and big cities are Gaoxiong and Jilong.
Taiwan is part of China. Most of people settling there come from Fujian and Guangdong. Taiwan is a rich and beautiful island.China is getting stronger and stronger. All the people hope Taiwan can come back quickly. I’m sure Taiwan will return soon.
1. Taiwan is in the________of Fujian Province.
A. west B. east C. north D. south
2. What is the population of Taiwan？________.
A. over 2000000000 B. over 20000000000
C. over 200000000 D. over 20000000
3. Its products are well-known all over the world except________.
A. banana B. peach C. rice D. tea
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true ________.
A. Many people settling there come from Fujian and Guangdong.
B. Taipei is its provincial capital city.
C. There are few resources in Taiwan.
D. Lots of people like to come Taiwan for traveling.
C
The environment is everything around us, for example: air, water，animals，plants，buildings and so on. They all affect us in many ways and are closely related to our lives. People can＇t live without the environment. Everybody needs to breathe air, drink water and eat food every day. We burn coal to keep warm and we use wood to make paper. As a result，we have polluted the environment.
The environment has been getting worse and worse for many years. As you know, there's no enough clean water for people. So many of them lose their lives because of water . In a lot of countries, people have to cut trees for living. So there's nothing to keep water from running away. Also we have polluted the land, the river and the air. So we have to face more and more floods and droughts.
It's time that we must do something useful to protect our environment. We must plant more trees and save the water because green mountains and clear water are equal to mountains of gold and silver. We can't throw any litter onto the ground and we should collect them for recycling.We must maintain a good ecological environment. If we take good care of our earth today, it will be more beautiful tomorrow.
1. The environment is ________ around us.
A. air and water B. animals and plants
C. buildings D. all the things
2. “The environment has been getting worse and worse for many years.” The sentence means that________.
A. Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious for many years.
B. We have begun to try our best to improve the environment.
C. Many of people lose their lives.
D. We have to face more and more floods and droughts.
3. To protect the environment, ________.
A. We burn coal to keep warm and we use wood to make paper.
B. We must plant more trees and save the water.
C. We must throw any litter onto the ground.
D. people have to cut trees for living.
4. According to the passage , we know that ________.
A. People can live without the environment.
B. There's nothing to keep water from running away.
C. We must maintain a good ecological environment.
D. Green mountains and clear water are equal to mountains of gold and silver.
D
The first lesson of the “Tiangong class”began at 15:40 on December 9 of 2021, eight years after Chinese astronauts began teaching in space. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, the “Space teachers”, performed five experiments on the Chinese space station in just 60 minutes to give teenagers around the world a “High-end” education, there were cell experiments in microgravity, human motion experiments, buoyancy loss experiments, water membrane tension experiments and effervescent tablet experiments. The astronauts explained the scientific principles behind the experiments in detail to the youngsters.
It is understood that the space teaching a total of five classes set up on the ground, the Chinese Science and Technology Museum is the main classroom, Guangxi Nanning, Sichuan Wenchuan County, Hong Kong, Macau set up four sub-classes.
This is the second time our country has conducted a space class, after the US in 2007 and Wang Yaping in 2013. Therefore, it can be said that this space teaching, so that our country became the world’s only first two space teaching country. In fact, “Space teaching”is not only to develop young people’s interest in space, science and space environment, but also to show the international community our first-class scientific and technological capabilities and Comprehensive National Power.
1. When did the first lesson of the “Tiangong class”begin _______.
A. in 2007 B. in 2013 C. in 2021 D. before 8 years
2. How many experiments did the Chinese space teachers perform on the Chinese space station _______.
A. one B. two C. five D. nine
3. Who has taught space classes twice _______.
A. Wang Yaping B. Zhai Zhigang C. Ye Guangfu D. Yang Liwei
4. Which is the main classroom on the ground _______.
A. Wenchuan B. Hong Kong
C. Macau D. The Chinese Science and Technology Museum
E
The endangered(濒危的) pandas in Qinling Mountains might face a new threat(威胁): the loss of their food, bamboo, which makes up 99% of their meals.
Adult pandas spend most part of the day eating bamboo and have to take in at least 40 pounds a day to stay healthy. However, a new study published in Nature and Climate Change warned that they may soon find their food gone because most of the bamboo in Qinling Mountains might disappear by the end of the century as a result of rising temperature worldwide(世界范围的).
A team made up of researchers from Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has studied the effects of climate change on the bamboo in Qinling Mountains. They have found that bamboo is very sensitive(敏感的) to climate changes. “80% to 100% of the bamboo would be gone if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees all over the world by the end of the century.” said Liu Jianguo, one of the report’s authors.
He added, “This is how much the temperature would rise by 2100 even if all countries will keep their promises in the Paris Agreement. But you know what is happening around the world.”
In recent years, China has been trying its best to protect the endangered pandas by setting up more and bigger natural reserves.
“But it is far from being enough and the endangered pandas need cooperation(合作) from the rest of the world, because their future is not just in the hands of the Chinese,” said Shirley Martin from World Wildlife Fund but not a member of the team.
The Qinling Mountains, in the southwest of China, are home to about 260 pandas. That is about 13% of the China’s wild panda population. In addition, about 375 are living in research centers and zoos in China.
1,2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题将文中划线句子译成汉语；5题找出并写下本文的主旨句。
1.Adult pandas have to take in at least 40 pounds of bamboo a day to _______.
2. If the average temperature increases _______ all over the world by the end of the century,80% to 100% of the bamboo would be gone.
3.How many wild pandas are there in China
___________________________________________________.
4.___________________________________________________。
5.___________________________________________________.
答案与解析
A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会的吉祥物：冰墩墩和雪容融。
【解答】
1．C.词义猜测题。根据文中第一段“ You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17 of this year, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV.”可知你可能知道2008北京奥运会的五个福娃。2019年9月17日，这两个可爱的吉祥物首次在电视上亮相。表明他们是奥运会的象征，根据后文描述这两个吉祥物的象征意义。故选C。
2．B.细节理解题。根据文中第二段“ “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.”可知冰墩墩是2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物。故选B。
3．D.细节理解题。根据文中第三段“Wen the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year.”可知人们在中国新年到来时制作或购买红灯笼。因红色是希望和好运的颜色，所以人们认为他们的梦想将会在新的一年实现。可见人们是认为红灯笼能带来好运。故选D。
4．A.细节理解题。根据文中第二段““Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them.”可知Bing Dwen Dwen十分喜欢冰上运动，而且擅长冰上运动，可知冰墩墩很会滑冰，故选项A正确，故选A。
5．B.主旨大意题。本文讲述了2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物：冰墩墩和雪容融。根据本文主要内容可知本文最佳标题是“两个奥运吉祥物惟妙惟肖”；故选B。
【点评】2022年北京冬奥会和残奥会取得圆满成功，这是我国乃至全世界2022年开年的一个重大事件，是热点之一。做题时从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对，与题目有机的结合，进行选择或推理判断，选出正确选项。
B
【分析】文章主要介绍我国台湾的基本情况。它位于福建省东海岸。这是一个东面被太平洋环绕，北面是东海的岛屿。台湾是我国最大的岛屿。该岛面积约36000平方公里，人口超过2亿。台湾有很多资源。那里的天气温暖潮湿。很多植物都长得很好。其产品如香蕉、大米、茶叶等闻名于世。台湾还有许多美丽的地方，如日月潭，阿里山和世界上最高的101大厦等。还有很多人去那里参观。台湾是个富裕的地方。这里环境优越，气候温和。成千上万的人喜欢来这里旅游。省会城市是台北。其他重要的大城市是高雄和基隆。台湾是中国的一部分。定居在那里的人大多来自福建和广东。台湾是个富饶美丽的岛屿。
【解答】
1．B. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段：Taiwan lies off the east coast of Fujian Province.可知：台湾位于我国福建省的东海岸,故选B。
2．A. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段：Taiwan is the largest island in our country. The island, which is about 3,6000 square kilometers, has a population of over two hundred million．台湾是我国最大的岛屿。该岛面积约36000平方公里，人口超过2亿,故选A。
3．B. 理论推断题。根据文章第二段：Its products like banana, rice and tea are well-known all over the world.可知其产品如香蕉、大米、茶叶等闻名于世，没有提到桃子这种水果,故选B。
4． C. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段和第三段来看，There are lots of resources in Taiwan. Most of people settling there come from Fujian and Guangdong. Its provincial capital city is Taipei. Thousands of people like to come here for traveling. 台湾有很多资源。定居在那里的人大多来自福建和广东。省会城市是台北。成千上万的人喜欢来这里旅游,故选C。
【点评】快速阅读全文，掌握文章大意，并认真阅读题目，把握好相应的文章细节，做出正确解答。
C
【分析】这篇文章是关于环境和环境保护的话题，当前世界的环境受到了越来越严重的破坏，人们愈发认识到环境保护的重要性，我们必须保持一个良好的生态环境。
【解答】
1.D.词义转换题。根据文中第一句话“The environment is everything around us.”环境就是我们身边的一切。这里的everything用英语替换就是all the things,故选D。
2.A.同义句转换题。文中句子“The environment has been getting worse and worse for many years.”意思是：多年来环境变得越来越糟。选项A. “Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious for many years.”意思是：环境问题变得越来越严重。故选A。
3.B.推理判断题。为了保护环境，我们必须多植树，节约水资源，而燃煤、乱扔垃圾、砍伐树木都是破坏环境的表现，故选B。
4.C.主旨大意题。整篇文章通过叙述环境问题，在于引发人们对环境保护的重视，所以我们必须保持良好的生态环境，故选C。
【点评】环境保护问题是当今世界最重要的问题之一，也是中考的考点，同学们在快速阅读的同时，根据各小题的题意，作出判断，选出正确答案。
D
【分析】这是一篇科普文章，讲述了中国宇航员在中国空间站给全世界的青少年上天宫课的情况，课堂展示了五个实验，在地面设立了五个教室。王亚平在太空成功的完成了两次授课，分别是2013年和2021年。通过这篇文章，不仅培养了青少年对太空、科学、太空环境的兴趣，同时，也向国际社会展示了我们一流的科技实力和综合国力。
【解答】
1.C.细节理解题。根据文中第一句话The first lesson of the “Tiangong class”began at 15:40 on December 9 of 2021.意思是：天宫课堂的第一课开始于2021年12月9日15:40，故选C。
2.C.细节理解题。根据文中the “Space teachers”, performed five experiments on the Chinese space station in just 60 minutes to give teenagers around the world a “High-end” education.意思是：太空老师在六十分钟内在中国太空站进行了五项实验，让全球青少年接受了高端教育。依据题意，故选C。
3.A.推理判断题。结合文中Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, the “Space teachers”, performed five experiments on the Chinese space station in just 60 minutes to give teenagers around the world a “High-end” education.和This is the second time our country has conducted a space class, after the US in 2007 and Wang Yaping in 2013.两个句子可以判断王亚平进行过两次太空授课。
4.D.细节理解题。根据文中The Chinese Science and Technology Museum is the main classroom, Guangxi Nanning, Sichuan Wenchuan County, Hong Kong, Macau set up four sub-classes.意思是：中国科学技术博物馆是主教室，广西南宁、四川汶川、香港、澳门设有四个分班，故选D。
【点评】此篇科普文章中有少量生词，但根据上下文意思可以很快理解，四个题目不难，同学们根据文中大意和问题可以很快做出判断，选出答案。
E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生活在秦岭一带的大熊猫将面临一个新的生存危机：赖以生存的竹子会因为全球温度升高而灭绝。
【解答】
1.答案：stay/keep healthy.细节理解题。本题是第二段中第一个句子Adult pandas spend most part of the day eating bamboo and have to take in at least 40 pounds a day to stay healthy.的简化句，选取了这句话的后半部分，意思是：成年熊猫每天至少要吃40磅竹子才能保持健康。考查考生对文章的细节理解。故填stay/keep healthy。
2.答案：3.5 degrees.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中这句话：80% to 100% of the bamboo would be gone if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees all over the world by the end of the century.意思是：到本世纪末，如果全球平均气温上升3.5度，那么80% 到100% 的竹子将会消失。此题有意改变了原句的表述结构，把if引导的从句移到句首，从而考查考生的细节阅读理解能力。故填3.5 degrees。
3.答案：About 2,000.数字计算题。从最后一段The Qinling Mountains, in the southwest of China, are home to about 260 pandas. That is about 13% of the China’s wild panda population. 意思是：位于中国西南部的秦岭是约260只大熊猫的家园。这相当于中国野生大熊猫总数的13%。可知，260÷0.13=2000，所以中国野生大熊猫总数约为2000只。故填 About 2,000.
4.答案：位于中国西南部的秦岭是约260只大熊猫的家园。
5.答案：The endangered pandas in Qinling Mountains might face a new threat.主旨大意题。文章开门见山阐明主题，意思是：秦岭濒临灭绝的大熊猫可能面临新的威胁。
【点评】这是一篇任务型阅读文章，篇幅较长，生词较多，乍见文章，不知所措，其实越是这样的文章，考生越要保持清醒的头脑，往往这样文章的考题越是比较简单，正如本篇一样，考生阅读全文，最好找到涉及题目的原句，理解句子大意，完成各项任务。这是取得高分的关键。