河北省2022年中考英语阅读理解冲刺专练（二）（含答案解析）

河北2022中考英语阅读理解冲刺专练（二）
A
As we all know, environmental pollution is still serious nowadays. Our group wanted to know how many students knew about each kind of the pollution and we wanted to learn how often they sorted(分类) rubbish. So we did a survey among the students in our school. Here are the results of our questionnaire(问卷).
The results of the questionnaire
Do you know about these problems How often do you sort rubbish
1．The survey is mainly about ________.
A．scientific research B．environmental protection
C．everyday habits D．physical education
2．We can know there are ________ parts in the questionnaire.
A．two B．three C．FourD．five
3．________ is known by the fewest students.
A．Air pollution B．Water pollution
C．Noise pollution D．Global warming
4．________ have begun to sort rubbish according to the chart(图表).
A．All of the students B．Most of the students
C．Some of the students D．None of the students
5．What can we learn from the results of the questionnaire _______.
A．Air pollution is noticed by a large number of students.
B．The students don’t realize the situation of the environment at all.
C．Five kinds of environmental pollution are mentioned in the questionnaire.
D．Most students take enough action to sort rubbish.
B
“Five, four, three, two, one, blast off.” At 0:23 on October 16, 2021, China launched the manned spaceship Shenzhou-13, sending three astronauts to its Tiangong space station. About 6.5 hours after the launch, the spaceship successfully docked (对接) with the Tianhe core module of the station.
The three - person team is the second crew (工作组) to have entered Tiangong. The team is led by China’s first spacewalker Zhai Zhigang. The other two astronauts are Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu. They will live and work together at the station for six months. This will be China’s longest-ever manned mission.
During their six-month stay, the crew will carry out a number of tasks. For example, they will do two to three spacewalks to fix equipment in preparation for future construction work. Wang Yaping, the first Chinese woman to perform spacewalk, said “Apart from the tasks, we also hope to do more space science education. This will bring space closer to the general public. As a result, they will learn more about the astronauts’ life in space.”
Shenzhou-13 was China’s last major space mission in 2021. Another six missions are planned for this year to finish the construction of the space station. Once its completed, Tiangong will be about one-fifth the size of the International Space Station (ISS). The ISS will reach the end of its life in 2024. Tiangong is likely to be the only operational near-Earth orbit (近地轨道) space station by then. China looks forward to hosting astronauts from other countries.
Denis Simon, at Duke Law in the US, told Xinhua that China’s success in space continues to be impressive (令人赞叹的). “It is now well on is way to being a leader in space exploration.” he said.
1．Shenzhou-13 will probably return to the earth in _______ .
A．March, 2022 B．April, 2022.
C．March, 2024. D．April, 2024.
2．The third paragraph is mainly about the crew’s _______ .
A．plan B．life C．spacewalk D．work
3．What can we know about Tiangong space station _______.
A．The crew have entered Tiangong twice.
B．The construction of Tiangong will be finished in 6 months.
C．The size of Tiangong will be 25% of ISS in 2024.
D．Tiangong will welcome foreign astronauts in the future.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text _______.
A．It took Shenzhou-136.5 days to dock with the Tianhe core module.
B．Wang Yaping was the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk.
C．This space trip will be China’s shortest-ever crewed mission.
D．Shenzhou-13 was the first major space mission in 2021.
5．The passage is written mainly to ________ .
A．show China’s achievements in space field.
B．introduce the missions of Shenzhou-13.
C．explain the success of launching Shenzhou-13.
D．describe the importance of Tiangong space station.
C
●Transmission(传输）routes of novel coronavirus.
Direct transmission.
Aerosol（气溶胶）transmission.
Contact (接触）Transmission.
●Taking Care of personal protection and personal health.
Avoid crowded public places.Avoid contact with patients with fever. Wear a mask if necessary.
Wash your hands frequently（经常）after touching public goods.
Don’t spit anywhere. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or sleeve elbow when sneezing or coughing.
Strengthen exercise, regular work and rest, keep the indoor air fresh.Follow the “Two points and one line”to ensure（确保）the safety of school.Choose walking, cycling or private car travel.Do not take public transport.To avoid overcrowding,when parents pick up and drop off their children ,immediately stop and go. Do not gather at the school gate, do not chat, do not touch. After receiving the children, quickly leave, do not stay, do not wait and see.
●A few things we have to do：
Wear a mask.Wearing a mask can stop the spread of droplets.It is the most direct and effective way to stop the virus.
Wash your hands frequently.Wash your hands frequently and avoid touching public goods. Always wash your hands after touching them.
Keep the indoor air fresh.
Take the temperature.Before entering the campus, be sure to take your temperature and see the doctor if you find anything abnormal.
Drink hot water.Drink plenty of hot water to keep health.
No gathering.Talk to people at a distance of one meter.
1.Transmission routes of novel coronavirus are ________.
A.Direct transmission. B. Aerosol transmission.
C. Contact Transmission. D. All the above.
2.According to this passage,________is the most direct and effective way to stop the virus.
A.Wearing a mask. B.Strengthening exercise.
C.No spitting anywhere. D.Keeping the indoor air fresh.
3.How many things do we have to do to stop the novel coronavirus
_________.
A.three B.four C.five D.six
4.Which is the best title of the passage？_________.
A.Transmission routes of novel coronavirus.
B.Wearing a mask if necessary.
C.Following the “Two points and one line”to ensure the safety of school.
D.Campus novel coronavirus prevention and control.
D
247 graduate students of Fudan University have volunteered to teach the children in Xihaigu region（地区）of Ningxia for the past 22 years. The region used to be poor because of its terrible natural environment. “We expect to make a difference to the children’s life by sharing our knowledge in different fields,” one of the volunteers says.
The students have different abilities, so the volunteers have used different teaching methods to help them develop good study habits. “Local children had never learned English before, so we started with basic knowledge like English letters and pronunciation, ” says Li Lianshuo, a Fudan volunteer. The volunteers help the students remember English words, read articles and deal with their study problems.
“We visit the students’ homes in our free time. We communicate with their parents so that we help the parents understand the importance of children’s education, because the parents didn’t care much about it years ago, ” explains Yang Chenhaotong, who was the leader of the volunteer team in 2019. According to Yang, the parents give their children a lot of support in their studies now.
The volunteers have helped the local children with their studies. They have also set up football clubs and held many ball games to make the children’s life colorful. The Fudan University has also given away more than 10 million yuan to the region to build playgrounds（操场）and other buildings over the past 22 years.
“Thanks to my volunteer teacher, my life has changed a lot. I will study hard and become an excellent person like her,” Li Sumei, a local student, says excitedly.
1.What do the volunteers expect to do in Xihaigu region _______.
A．To make a difference to the children’s life.
B．To make the volunteers’ life more interesting.
C．To change the bad natural environment in the region.
D．To make people know more about Fudan University.
2.Why did the volunteers teach the children the English basic knowledge first _______.
A．Because the children had different hobbies.
B．Because the children were not clever enough.
C．Because the children thought English was difficult.
D．Because the children had never learned English before.
3.What does the underlined word “it” mean in Paragraph（段落）3 _______.
A．Children’s ability. B．Children’s life.
C．Children’s education. D．Children’s health.
4.How did the volunteers make the children’s life colorful _______.
A．By having English spelling competitions.
B．By having the English corner once a week.
C．By inviting the parents to the School Day once a year.
D．By setting up football clubs and holding many ball games.
5.What’s the best title of the passage _______.
A．Making the Poor Region Rich
B．Volunteering in Xihaigu Region
C．How to Change Parents’ Minds
D．How to Be Excellent Volunteers
E
What do you think of “double reduction(双减)” Our readers from Teens have different ideas on“double reduction”. Here are four of them.
Shen Yuzhe, 13, Beijing The “double reduction” really helps me. Our homework is less than before. I can finish it at school. I’m also happy to find that there are fewer exams.
Zhang Hangming, 13, Tianjin The best thing about the “double reduction” is that we have more time to do after-school activities such as dancing, volleyball and cooking. I can also learn a lot of things.
Yu Zhiyue, 14, Jiangsu With the “double reduction”, I have really got less homework to do. But I need to take an online class on the computer at home after I come back from school. I often feel tired. But I can still have happy weekends.
Cui Ruqi, 12, Liaoning I have got more time to read books and play sports. The art subjects are becoming more important. So I need to learn music well. And I have less learning stress now.
1题完成句子;2、3题简略回答问题;4题将文中画线句子译成汉语;5题找出并写下全文的主题句。
1.Shen Yuzhe has_________after the“double reduction”.
2.What after-school activities does Zhang Hangming do after the “double reduction”
_____________________________________________.
3.Who has to take online classes at home after coming back from school
______________________________________________.
4.______________________________________________。
5.______________________________________________.
答案与解析
A
【分析】本文是关于学生对环境污染的了解以及如何分类垃圾的一个调查问卷结果。
【解答】
1．B.主旨大意题。根据“Our group wanted to know how many students knew about each kind of the pollution and we wanted to learn how often they sorted(分类) rubbish”可知，这个调查报告主要是关于环境保护的，故选B。
2．A.细节理解题。根据“Do you know about these problems”及“How often do you sort rubbish”可知，问卷有两部分，故选A。
3．C.细节理解题。根据图表显示，关于噪声污染学生们了解的最少，故选C。
4．C.细节理解题。根据图表显示，25%的学生已经开始分类垃圾，也就是一些学生已经开始这么做了，故选C。
5．A.细节理解题。根据图表显示，90%的学生已经注意到空气污染问题，故选A。
【点评】这是一篇关于环境污染以及对待污染防控意识的图标文章，图表中利用两个问题得出调查结论，考生应迅速浏览图标，从中掌握信息，结合题干，做出判断，完成任务。
B
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国发射了载人飞船神舟13号，将三名宇航员送入天宫空间站。这三名宇航员将在太空做一些任务，他们将在太空停留六个月。
【解答】
1．B.推理判断题。根据“At 0:23 on October 16, 2021, China launched the manned spaceship Shenzhou-13, sending three astronauts to its Tiangong space station.”和“They will live and work together at the station for six months.”可知，神舟13号是在2021年10月16日发射到太空，将在那里工作六个月，因此它将在2022年4月16日返回地球，故选B。
2．D.段落大意题。根据“During their six-month stay, the crew will carry out a number of tasks.”可知，第三段主要介绍这组宇航员的工作，故选D。
3．D.推理判断题。根据“China looks forward to hosting astronauts from other countries.”可知，天宫将在未来欢迎外国宇航员，故选D。
4．B.细节理解题。根据“Wang Yaping, the first Chinese woman to perform spacewalk,”可知，王亚平是第一个进行太空行走的中国女性，故选B。
5．A.推理判断题。根据“Denis Simon, at Duke Law in the US, told Xinhua that China’s success in space continues to be impressive (令人赞叹的). “It is now well on is way to being a leader in space exploration.” he said.”可知，本文主要是为了展示中国在太空领域的成就，故选A。
【点评】2021年10月16日0时23分，中国发射了神舟13号载人飞船，将三名宇航员送入天宫空间站。翟志刚领导的三人小组进入天宫。这是我国航天事业的又一重大事件。考生通过阅读文章，理解文意，做出正确选择，同时激发自己的民族自豪感。
C
【分析】本文是一篇校园宣传栏的说明文章，简单介绍了当前新冠病毒的传播途径，重点是说明如何做好个人防护，注意个人卫生以及我们在疫情防控中不得不做的要采取的相关的防护措施。
【解答】
1.D.细节理解题。本文第一个小标题介绍的就是新冠病毒传播的三种途径，根据题干和选项，故选D。
2.A.细节理解题。根据文中句子Wearing a mask can stop the spread of droplets.It is the most direct and effective way to stop the virus.
意思是：戴口罩可以阻挡飞沫传播，是阻挡病毒最直接有效的方法。故选A。
3.D.数字判断题。根据文中第三个黑体小标题内容，下面列举了我们防控病毒的六种措施，故选D。
4.D.主旨大意题。这篇短文是校园有关疫情防控的知识宣传。目的就是通过宣传让师生了解新冠，重点是做好校园新冠疫情的防控。故选D。
【点评】这是一篇小标题型文章，快速阅读全文，掌握文章新冠疫情的知识，在此基础上做好疫情防控，并认真阅读题目，把握好相应的文章细节，选出正确答案。
D
【分析】本文主要讲述了来自复旦大学的247名学生在宁夏西海固支教的善行义举。他们不仅帮助当地的孩子学习，还成立了足球俱乐部，举办许多活动。复旦大学还筹集了1000多万元用于建造操场和其他建筑。
【解答】
1.A.细节理解题。根据“We expect to make a difference to the children’s life by sharing our knowledge in different fields”可知，志愿者期待改变孩子们的生活，故选A。
2.D.细节理解题。根据“Local children had never learned English before, so we started with basic knowledge like English letters and pronunciation”可知，因为那的孩子从未学过英语，故选D。
3.C.词义猜测题。根据“We communicate with their parents so that we help the parents understand the importance of children’s education, because the parents didn’t care much about it years ago”可知，家长之前从未过多关注孩子的教育，所以it指代“Children’s education”，故选C。
4.D.细节理解题。根据“They have also set up football clubs and held many ball games to make the children’s life colorful”可知，通过建立足球俱乐部和举办球类游戏来丰富孩子们的生活，故选D。
5.B.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了来自复旦大学的247名学生在宁夏西海固支教的善行义举，故选B。
【点评】做题时要在理解好文意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对，进行选择或推理判断，选出符合文章内容的正确选项。
E
【分析】本文从几位年轻的读者角度，发表了对双减政策的不同看法。
【解答】
1.答案：less homework and fewer exams .综合理解题。本文第一栏中句子Our homework is less than before. I can finish it at school. I’m also happy to find that there are fewer exams. 意思是：我们的作业比以前少了。我可以在学校完成。我也很高兴地发现考试也少了。综合在一起，故填less homework and fewer exams。
2.答案:dancing, volleyball and cooking.细节理解题。第二栏中：we have more time to do after-school activities such as dancing, volleyball and cooking.意思是：我们有更多的时间做课外活动，如跳舞，排球和烹饪。故答案为dancing, volleyball and cooking。
3.答案：Yu Zhiyue.细节理解题。问题的意思是：谁从学校回来后还要在家上网络课程？根据文中第三栏的句子But I need to take an online class on the computer at home after I come back from school. 意思是：但我放学回家后，要在家上网课。故答案为Yu Zhiyue。
4.答案：艺术类科目变得越来越重要。
5.答案：Our readers from Teens have different ideas on“double reduction”. 主旨大意题。文章开篇的句子What do you think of “double reduction(双减)” Our readers from Teens have different ideas on“double reduction”.意思是：你觉得“双减”怎么样 我们的青少年读者对“双减”有不同的看法。以问答的形式揭示主题。故答案为Our readers from Teens have different ideas on“double reduction”.
【点评】几名年轻人通过对“双减”政策实施后的切身体验，表达了不同的观点。考生通过阅读，快速理解文意，抓住文章细节，完成阅读任务