北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 10 Connections Topic Talk同步练习（含答案）

Unit 10　Connections
Topic Talk
【基础知识过关】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is being treated at the ________ (诊所)．
2．The ________ (美术馆) possesses a number of the artist's early works.
3．The city is providing free transportation to the ________ (体育场) from downtown.
4．Hot and cold food is available in the ________ (自助餐厅)．
5．The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near the ________ (面包烘房)．
6．I have been working in a ________ (食品杂货) store for two years.
7．They decided to move to a wealthy ________ (郊区) of London.
8．It's more convenient to eat in the ________ (食堂)．
9．Oil is put in machinery to reduce the ________ (摩擦)．
10．The government's ________ (干预) will not help.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is a statement in conflict ________ other evidence.
2．She is still angry and refuses to accept my ________ (apologise)．
3．He often ________ (envy) me having such a close family.
4．We were greatly ________ (disturb) by global warming.
5．________ (disagree) arose about exactly how to plan the show.
6．He needs all the support and ________ (encourage) he can get.
7．We can just hang ________ and have a good time.
8．There are some excellent ________ (gallery) in this city.
Ⅲ.短语填空
come into conflict， apologise to sb. for， call on， hang out， out of envy
1．She often ____________ with her mother.
2．His attitude towards me is ____________.
3．The government ____________ us to donate money to the poor children.
4．Tom ____________ with his friends in the street last night.
5．I should ________ you ________ my mistake.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．农民们听到这一坏消息感到不安。
Farmers ________________________ the bad news.
2．我的父母总是支持我所做的一切。
My parents ________________ everything I do all the time.
3．他最不想参观的地方是这个市中心的博物馆。
________________________________ was the museum in the centre of the city.
4．最重要的事是我们先在这个村庄安顿下来。
________________________________ we should settle down in the village first.
5．她完全不同意并且立刻离开了会议室。
She ____________________ and immediately left the meeting room.
【能力提升训练】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
J．K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.
She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9 year old daughter Bailey.
He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn't found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesn't have the Internet or TV, which means there's no “digital babysitter”， and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.
Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he's loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，” Burke explains.“This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun.”
After hearing Burke's story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his family's life and offered Burke more signed books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.
1．Why did Burke thank J．K. Rowling according to the text
A．She guided him how to write a good story.
B．She encouraged him when he was in trouble.
C．Her books helped him through times of confusion.
D．Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.
2．What is implied in Burke's words in Paragraph 4
A．He has found it interesting to read the series.
B．He was too old to understand the series better.
C．He has chosen a better way of reading the series.
D．He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.
3．Which word can best describe Burke's experience according to the text
A．Unique. B．Normal.
C．Precious. D．Funny.
4．What is the main idea of this text
A．J.K. Rowling chooses to help improve kids' health.
B．J.K. Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.
C．J.K. Rowling has a deep influence on others' growth.
D．Burke comes to know J．K. Rowling through her series.
B
Find Your Adventure at the
Space and Aviation (航空) Center
If you're looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands on tasks and lots of fun.
More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real world applications for what they're studying in the classroom.
For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges (荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water and land survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.
With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.
All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.
Stay an hour or stay a week—there is something here for everyone!
For more details, please visit us online at www.oursac.com.
5．Why do people come to SAC
A．To experience adventures.
B．To look for jobs in aviation.
C．To get a degree in engineering.
D．To learn more about medicine.
6．To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to ________.
A．fly to space
B．get an Aviation badge first
C．study the principles of flight
D．build and fire model rockets
7．What is the most important for trainees
A．Leadership. B．Team spirit.
C．Task planning. D．Survival skills.
C
The ruins of a Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR. This lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna, but shows that these famous areas are a small part of this lost urban network.
Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve site, more than 60,000 human made features homes, canals, highways, and more have been identified in aerial (从飞机上的) images collected by some international researchers headed by the PAGUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization. Those have experts rethink the outlines and complexity of the Maya Empire.
These ancient peoples obviously created these imaginative cultures based on their known relics (遗迹), but the new research has suggested that the size of this lost society is far beyond what experts imagined. The findings will be explored in a one hour documentary called “Lost Treasures of the Maya Snake Kings”， to be broadcast on the National Geographic Channel.
This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey lands in 3D by bouncing pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles and others. LiDAR is exceptionally useful for detecting archeological (考古的) sites, as it gets through jungles and other features that hold up exploration on the ground. The technique has made many discoveries become a reality in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did.
The final goal is to survey Guatemala's lowlands with it. “There are entire cities we didn't know about now showing up in the survey data，” Francisco Estrada Belli, one of the lead archeologists on the project, said in Nat Geo's coming documentary. “There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities about the mysterious people who built this urban network there that we don't know about, and we will push back the frontiers with the technology，” he added.
8．What does the underlined word “Those” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Jungles. B．Human made features.
C．Researchers. D．Aerial images.
9．What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 4
A．The working principle of LiDAR sensors.
B．The process of researching Maya civilization.
C．Great importance of Guatemala's lowlands.
D．LiDAR's contribution to discovering the relics.
10．Which words can best describe the lost Maya city
A．Small and hidden.
B．Famous and high tech.
C．Vast and complex.
D．Fully explored and imaginative.
11．What will the archeologists do next
A．Continue to explore the unknown.
B．Upgrade the LiDAR technology.
C．Study the documentary carefully.
D．Build a massive urban network.
Ⅱ.七选五
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
__1__ For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. __2__ That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea (腹泻) from dirty water. That's around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. __3__ Therefore, they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
__4__ On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. __5__ People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A．We use water indirectly too.
B．Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C．It is to inspire people to learn more about water related problems.
D．If children walk many hours a day to get water, they can't go to school.
E．Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink
F．In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G．In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
Ⅲ.完形填空
During the National Day holiday, I went to Xi'an, Shaanxi, to visit the world famous Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑). I was __1__ to see so many pottery (陶) figures in __2__ poses (姿势), including standing, sitting and lying.
They are true to life, as tall as humans. The most __3__ part of them is that each one has a unique face, which interested me a lot. Depending on their clothes, hat and hair, they have different jobs in the __4__. Some hold weapons (武器) while others lead the horses.
These soldiers were built for the __5__ of Qin Shihuang. He believed that after his __6__， he would go to another world. So he asked __7__ to build an army of warriors to protect him in the afterlife. It is believed that over 700,000 workers __8__ the tomb for 39 years.
__9__ I visited the Terracotta Warriors and knew the history behind them, I__10__ to make my own little warrior when I got back home. First with gypsum (石膏) powder, I __11__ a stone model warrior, and then with a little stick, drew an expression on his face. When the __12__was dry, my work was done.
The process sounds easy, but it proved to be __13__. The powder went everywhere, sometimes making my eyes fail to see __14__. So I watered it, which helped. It took me more than three hours to __15__ the figure. It's so nice to hold this soldier that I made myself.,
1．A.ashamed B．amazed
C．annoyed D．disappointed
2．A.different B．similar
C．curious D．disabled
3．A.confusing B．tiring
C．frightening D．appealing
4．A.army B．school
C．museum D．stadium
5．A.palace B．tomb
C．hometown D．temple
6．A.speech B．power
C．death D．travel
7．A.farmers B．officials
C．soldiers D．workers
8．A.built B．designed
C．recovered D．removed
9．A.After B．Before
C．Though D．If
10．A.arranged B．decided
C．forgot D．remembered
11．A.damaged B．analyzed
C．covered D．bought
12．A.ink B．leather
C．mud D．powder
13．A.unfair B．powerful
C．practical D．challenging
14．A.socially B．secretly
C．clearly D．skillfully
15．A.distinguish B．advertise
C．finish D．recognize
Ⅳ.语法填空
When you think of robots, what is the first thing that comes to mind Do you think of science fiction movies like Star Wars, 1.________ robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life Robots were once just the product of fiction. The word itself came from the play Rossum's Universal Robots, 2.________ (write) in 1920 by Karel Capek.
Today most robots don't look like humans. They appear in many forms and 3.________ (programme) to perform a wide variety of things, from working in factories 4.________ exploring the surface of Mars. But there is a surprising problem in the world of robots: What humans find easy is 5.________ (extreme) complicated for a robot. For example, picking up clothes in a messy room 6.________ (be) simple for humans, but it is difficult for robots to do that. 7.________ problem is to programme a robot to pick up some objects of different shapes and sizes without damaging them.
It shows that one of the most difficult things 8.________ (improve) in robots is their flexibility. Exciting 9.________ (develop) in making human like hands and legs are under way. But the biggest advancements are to teach robots to guess what they can do and 10.________ they help us with daily tasks.
参考答案
【基础知识过关】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．clinic　2.gallery　3.stadium　4.cafeteria　5.bakery
6．grocery　7.suburb　8.canteen　9.friction　10.intervention
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．with　2.apology　3.envies　4.disturbed　5.Disagreement　6.encouragement　7.out　8.galleries
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．comes into conflict　2.out of envy　3.called on　4.hung out　5.apologise to; for
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．were disturbed to hear　2.support me in　3.The last place he wanted to visit　4.The most important thing is that
5．was in complete disagreement
【能力提升训练】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了英国著名作家J.K. Rowling的作品对一个单亲家庭的影响。
1．D'细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9 year old daughter Bailey.”可知，单身父亲Burke感谢J.K. Rowling是因为她的哈利·波特系列丛书加强了他与女儿之间的关系，故选D。
2．A'推理判断题。根据对第四段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句中的“which has proven to be a ton of fun”可推知，Burke认为朗读这些系列丛书很有趣，故选A。
3．C'推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.”可推知，对Burke来讲，这种经历是非常珍贵的，故选C。
4．B'主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了著名作家J.K. Rowling的作品所具有的魅力——帮助一位单身父亲加强了与其女儿的关系，故选B。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍在太空航空中心的一些活动，人们在这里可以通过动手操作和团队合作体验冒险。
5．A'细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话(如果你想寻求独特的冒险，太空航空中心是一个好地方)可知答案选A。
6．D'细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话(在太空训练营，参加培训的人员在建造和发射火箭模型，了解太空任务并和来自世界各地的工作人员一起尝试太空模拟飞行时，能够赢得太空探索徽章)可知选D。
7．B'细节理解题。根据第四段(在所有的课程中，当参加培训的人员在学习领导能力的重要性和参与更大的任务时，团队合作是很关键的)可知选B。
C
【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在遥感技术激光雷达的帮助下，人们在危地马拉发现了一座玛雅城市的废墟，新的研究表明这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象，还有2万平方公里的土地有待探索。
8．B'词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词前文可知，代词Those指的是人造景观，包括房屋、运河、公路等，故Those指Human made features，故选B。
9．D'段落大意题。本段主要介绍了LiDAR技术在发现遗迹方面起到的重大作用，旨在突出这一技术的贡献和重要性，故选D。
10．C'推理判断题。根据第一段中“This lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna, but shows that these famous areas are a small part of this lost urban network.”，第三段中“but the new research has suggested that the size of this lost society is far beyond what experts imagined”以及最后一段中“There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities about the mysterious people who built this urban network there that we don't know about”可知，这座玛雅城市是广袤的；根据第二段中“Those have experts rethink the outlines and complexity of the Maya Empire.”可知，这座玛雅城市是复杂的。因此，这座玛雅城市是广袤和复杂的，故选C。
11．A'推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There are 20,000 square kilometres...push back the frontiers with the technology”可知，这些考古学家们将继续利用这一技术开拓新的领域，探索未知的地方，故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要说明在很多国家，洁净的饮用水来之不易。
1．A'此空作为段首句，起承上启下的作用。第一段讲了人和水的直接关系，第二段讲的是水在生活中的用途，是人和水之间的间接关系。故选A。
2．E'根据空前提到的“并不是全世界很多人都能喝到干净的水”，空后一句提到的“这大概是世界十分之一的人口”，可知，前面一句应该涉及人口数量，故选E。
3．D'空前一句提到“在一些国家，孩子们要步行很远才能取到水”和空后“因此，他们没有时间学习读书写字，不能接受教育”，可知此空承上启下，说明孩子们不能上学的原因是每天要花很多时间去取水。
4．F'由空后的this day可知选F。
5．G'空前提到“在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子们带着6升水步行6公里”，可知这是在效仿取水困难地区的孩子们，人们以这种方式让孩子们体会去很远的地方取水的艰难，让孩子们知道洁净水的珍贵。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，主要讲述了作者参观兵马俑之后受到启发，决定自己做一个小勇士，最终花了三个多小时完成了，他感到非常高兴和满足。
1．B　考查形容词辨析。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.amazed惊奇的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.disappointed失望的。此处表示“我”感到很惊讶，故选B。
2．A　考查形容词辨析。A.different不同的；B.similar类似的；C.curious好奇的；D.disabled残疾的。根据“including standing, sitting and lying”可知，看到这么多陶俑摆出不同的姿势，我很惊讶，故选A。
3．D　考查形容词辨析。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.tiring令人疲倦的；C.frightening令人害怕的；D.appealing吸引人的。根据“which interested me a lot”可知，故选D。
4．A　考查名词辨析。A.army军队；B.school学校；C.museum博物馆；D.stadium体育场。作者参观的是兵马俑，所以他们应是在“军队”担任不同的工作，故选A。
5．B　考查名词辨析。A.palace宫殿；B.tomb坟墓；C.hometown家乡；D.temple寺庙。根据下文可知，这些兵马俑是为秦始皇“墓”建造的，故选B。
6．C　考查名词辨析。A.speech讲话；B.power力量；C.death死；D.travel旅行。根据下一句“he would go to another world”和常识可知，人“死”后，会去另一个世界，故选C。
7．D　考查名词辨析。A.farmers农民；B.officials官员；C.soldiers士兵；D.workers工人。根据后文“build an army of warriors”和常识可知，应是一群“工人”，故选D。
8．A　考查动词辨析。A.built修建；B.designed设计；C.recovered恢复；D.removed移除。这里是指“建造”陵墓这件事，故选A。
9．A　考查连词辨析。A.After在……之后；B.Before在……之前；C.Though尽管；D.If如果。“when I got back home”是发生在参观兵马俑之后，用After引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之后”，故选A。
10．B　考查动词辨析。A.arranged安排；B.decided决定；C.forgot忘记；D.remembered记得。根据后文提到花三小时在家做了一个兵马俑可知，这里是“下定决心”，decide to do sth.决定做某事，故选B。
11．C　考查动词辨析。A.damaged伤害；B.analyzed分析；C.covered覆盖；D.bought购买。根据a stone model warrior可知，这个模型是为了制作兵马俑，石膏粉应是“覆盖”在上面，故选C。
12．D　考查名词辨析。A.ink墨水；B.leather皮革；C.mud泥巴；D.powder粉末。根据句意，故选D。
13．D　考查形容词辨析。A.unfair不公平的；B.powerful有力的；C.practical实用的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据并列连词but可知，表示转折，“简单”但却“非常有挑战”，故选D。
14．C　考查副词辨析。A.socially社会上；B.secretly秘密地；C.clearly清晰地；D.skillfully熟练地。根据“The powder went everywhere”可知，使我的眼睛看“不清”东西，故选C。
15．C　考查动词辨析。A.distinguish辨别；B.advertise做广告；C.finish完成；D.recognize意识到。It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事，the figure代指作者制造的兵马俑的形象，应是“完成”the figure，故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现实生活中机器人的外形、作用以及存在的问题。
1．where'句意为：你想到了像《星球大战》这样的科幻电影吗？在《星球大战》里，各种形状和尺寸的机器人是日常生活的一部分。“________ robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life”在此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Star Wars，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。
2．written'句意为：这个词本身来自卡雷尔·恰佩克在1920年写的戏剧《罗素姆万能机器人》。write在此处应用非谓语动词形式作定语，与其逻辑主语the play是被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填written。
3．are programmed'句意为：它们以多种形式出现，被设置去做各种各样的事情，从在工厂工作到探索火星表面。此处与appear并列作句子的谓语，programme与主语They之间为被动关系，且根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are programmed。
4．to'句意见上一题解析。from...to...意为“从……到……”，是固定搭配。故填to。
5．extremely'句意为：……人们认为容易的事情，对机器人来说极其困难。此处修饰形容词complicated，应该用副词。故填extremely。
6．is'句意为：比如，在一个凌乱的房间里捡衣服对人类来说很简单，但对机器人来说那样做很难。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
7．Another'句意为：另一个难题是给机器人设置程序让其拾取一些不同形状和大小的物品，同时不破坏这些物品。根据上文中的“there is a surprising problem”可知，此处是另一个(another)问题，且设空处位于句首，故填Another。
8．to improve'句意为：这说明，机器人最难提高的其中一点是灵活性。此处名词things被形容词最高级修饰，应用动词不定式作其后置定语。故填to improve。
9．developments'句意为：在制造(机器人)与人一样的手和腿方面，人们正在取得一些令人兴奋的进步。设空处在句中作主语，应用名词，development是可数名词，前面没有冠词，且谓语动词是are，应该用名词复数，故填developments。
10．how'句意为：但最大的进步是教机器人猜它们能做什么和它们怎么帮我们处理日常事务。“________ they help us with daily tasks”是宾语从句，连接词在从句中作状语。