北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 10 Connections Lesson 1 How Closely Connected Are We?同步练习（含答案）

　Unit 10　Connections　
　How Closely Connected Are We？
【基础知识过关】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Students learned the practical application of the ________ (理论) they had learned in the classroom.
2．The opened link is used to join the two ends of the ________ (链子)．
3．The office ________ (网络) allows users to share files and software, and to use a central printer.
4．The film made a deep ________ (印象) on all the students.
5．Professor Lee is a leading ________ (社会学家)．
6．The information is processed in a ________ (随机的) order.
7．There is a ________ (邮包) and some letters for you.
8．The new software is planned for ________ (发行) in May.
9．Our annual has changed into a ________ (两月一次的) publication.
10．I got his point and learned a new ________ (习语)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She was ________ (carry) a parcel of books under her arm.
2．Whatever I saw and heard on my trip gave me a very deep ________ (impress)．
3．She burst into tears, ________ (release) all her pent up emotions.
4．We received several answers and we picked one ________ random.
5．His ________ (theory) are somewhat remote from reality.
6．The ________ (deliver) of home milk has almost disappeared in China now, and gone with it are milkmen.
7．According to the ________ (analyse) of some traffic cases, drivers' being absorbed in music is the main cause of many traffic accidents.
8．It's one of the world's largest chains of golf shops, ________ (locate) in the downtown of Shanghai.
9．She changed so much that I could hardly recognise her when we met again after a ________ (separate) of 20 years.
10．Their relationship, ________ (base) on years of open communication with each other, will last.
Ⅲ.语法专练(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．On the last day of our week long stay, we ________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
2．I still remember visiting a friend who'd lived here for five years and I ________ (shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
3．All the employees working in the store ________ (hire) by the end of last month.
4．Their cars ________ (wash) while the Smiths were in the mall shopping.
5．When they got home they found that their house ________ (break) into and a lot of valuable things stolen.
6．Li Ping said that his bike ________ (repair) then.
7．The flowers were so lovely that they ________ (sell) in no time.
8．Highway 15 ________ (close) yesterday due to a serious road accident.
9．While Mr. Taylor was driving down Highway 101, he ________ (pull) over and ________ (give) a ticket by a police officer.
10．When we reached the airport, we found that all the flights ________ (cancel) due to the storm.
【能力提升训练】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
We're often reminded of the importance of preserving the planet as we see it for future generations—and children at St Oswald's CE Primary School Chester certainly agree.
Nine year old Isobel Kelleher from the school's Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note. “Sometimes they can be busy and I don't think they think they can make a difference, but if everyone does a little bit it all adds up，” she tells HuffPost UK. “We started looking at plastic pollution in our oceans and the things like plastic bags that are polluting them，” she says. “Fish can eat the plastic and they can die, or we might even eat the fish ourselves.”
Mr. Timms, Isobel's teacher, has been spearheading a new project at the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly. The entire Hummingbirds class, which is made up of 9 and 10 year old pupils, has been busy writing poems and creating online video adverts to warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife.
Mr. Timms thinks children have an important role to play in teaching us how to take care of the things around us. “We sometimes overlook how much we can really learn from children，” he says. “It has been really hard to believe having parents come in saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic, and to recycle more, and even stopping them using plastic straws.”
Mr. Timms is proud of his Hummingbirds class. “The message that they would like to send to the world is simple: stopping this isn't someone else's job, and it won't be OK if we just leave it.”
1．What can we infer about adults according to Isobel Kelleher
A．They just pretend to be busy.
B．They haven't done their part well.
C．They can do nothing to stop pollution.
D．They have started to care about the ocean.
2．What is the purpose of the school project
A．To help adults to learn more about their kids.
B．To remind adults to be friendly to the environment.
C．To persuade students to stop using plastic bags.
D．To teach students how to write poems creatively.
3．Why does Mr. Timms mention parents in Paragraph 4
A．To prove kids are creative in teaching.
B．To attract people to support his work.
C．To have adults care about education.
D．To show the effects of the project.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．An inspiring school project.
B．An appeal to stop plastic bags.
C．Serious situations of our planet.
D．Adults' ignorance of the environment.
B
Teenagers who travel around the world alone have been making headlines quite often. A young person alone in a dangerous situation attracts attention and sponsors. Young sailors also attract various views. For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the government to cancel her voyage yet the Prime Minister called her “a hero for young Australians” when she returned. It seems there is confusion about the competence and independence of young people.
The popular psychologists tell us that teenage brains are likely to make wrong judgments. But such ideas often do not apply to specific individuals. Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers vary greatly in their abilities. The amount of independence that each is allowed should be determined not simply by their ages but by discussion with the related, responsible adults. Some teens are certainly inexperienced and make childish mistakes, but the ones who attempt dangerous journeys normally do so by winning the confidence of hard headed and well qualified adult supporters.
But it's also wrong to think that any 16 year old can get achievements as unusual as Jessica Watson's. Watson calls herself “an ordinary girl who had a dream”. Her intention is to encourage teenagers but this idea can have the opposite effect of making them feel not good enough because great achievements are beyond them. Should all teens have such dreams Actually, individuals face varying circumstances that restrict their dreams.
Teenagers who travel around the world alone should not be judged by preconceived (事先形成的) views about young people. Nor should young “ordinary” teenagers feel pressure to long for extraordinary personal goals. In fact, I believe the example of solo sailing overstresses individualism. The teenage years are when most of us “ordinary” people learn that we can achieve great things in cooperation with others.
5．Why is Jessica Watson mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To praise Jessica's great achievement.
B．To point out the media's interest in young people.
C．To introduce divided ideas about young people's adventures.
D．To show the Prime Minister's attitude against the government.
6．What does Jessica mean by calling herself “an ordinary girl who had a dream”？
A．Dreams need encouragement.
B．Teenagers should have wild dreams.
C．Everyone would accomplish what Jessica has done.
D．Ordinary teens could also make great achievements.
7．What's the author's attitude towards teenagers travelling alone
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Unconcerned. D．Sympathetic.
C
Summer is the season of mosquitoes. And mosquito bites are truly the worst－not only are they huge and painful, but they itch (发痒) terribly. And once you start scratching (挠), it's hard to stop.
You can blame female mosquitoes for the trouble we all face. There is some saliva that enters the skin while the mosquito is enjoying its blood meal. This is the protein that leads to the allergic reaction and itching. Basically, our immune system sees the protein as an enemy invader. This causes discomfort and our bodies are just particularly sensitive to the mosquito bites.
Scratching a mosquito bite is a double edged sword. It feels so good, but it also makes the itch worse. When you scratch, you may release more chemicals in the skin that cause the swelling and itching and you may also be spreading the allergen under the skin. If you tend to scratch until you bleed, you're putting yourself at risk for skin infections.
You can't imagine that mosquito bites do itch more at night. Most people itch more at night because our cortisol levels [our bodies' own anti inflammatory hormone (抗炎激素)] are lower at night, and also because we are more likely to focus as we wind_down and try to fall asleep after a busy day.
If you've ever wondered why some mosquito bites itch more than others, it totally depends on your body. Everyone responds differently to mosquito bites. While some people may have a minimal reaction, others may experience extreme swelling. But the most common reaction is simply red, itchy and swollen bumps. It just depends on your body's immune system. People with a weaker immune system are more likely to develop more severe local reactions after the mosquito bites.
8．What accounts for the itch caused by mosquito bites
A．The sensitivity of people's skin.
B．The change in temperature.
C．The number of mosquitoes.
D．The protein from mosquitoes.
9．What does the underlined phrase “wind down” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Become excited. B．Feel relaxed.
C．Become nervous. D．Keep awake.
10．Why are some people disturbed less by mosquito bites than others
A．Their skin is thicker than others'.
B．They are more accustomed to the bites.
C．Their body's immune system is stronger.
D．They pay less attention to the mosquito bites.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．How Can People Avoid Mosquito Bites
B．People's Response to Mosquito Bites
C．Why Do Mosquito Bites Itch
D．The Cure for Mosquito Bites
Ⅱ.七选五
Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. __1__ Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they won't be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong. __2__ Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic (诊断的) tool.
Ozcan's invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don't have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. __3__ With Ozcan's mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes.
__4__ His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have mobile phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.
By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology—mobile phones, Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be used effectively almost anywhere. __5__
A．As a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly.
B．People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool.
C．This tool has become much more popular all around the world.
D．Another reason that Ozcan's invention is important is that it is inexpensive.
E．You become very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help.
F．It might just save millions of lives around the world.
G．Even though you may only have a simple infection (感染), you might die because of the delay.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I crossed my arms as I waited for my volleyball coach to finish talking to the officials. There was a(n) __1__ with the score. But did it really matter The Lions were ahead of us, 24—14, and the game would end at 25.
The Lions' number 8 must have thought the __2__ thing, as she covered her mouth and __3__. At this, I waved to the five teammates on the floor. “Listen，” I said in a very __4__ voice once we'd made a circle. “The Lions think this game is over. But we'll make the Lions know getting that last point is never __5__ work. From here on, nothing drops.”
We got ready immediately at the __6__. As I returned to my __7__， I checked the scoreboard, which now read 24—15. We couldn't win this game, but we could __8__ that number 8 from yawning again.
24—20, we were still __9__. Kait served for the sixth time. The Lions hit and the ball __10__ over our fingertips. At this moment Zoe dove and somehow managed to keep the ball off the floor. It's my __11__！ I pushed the ball away with my closed fist. It floated up and was over the net to number 8. She hit the ball hard and it hit the floor on our side. Game over. The Lions __12__ number 8, shouting with excitement.
I watched their __13__ from the floor. Did I make the right call in the first place I wondered. Should we have saved our __14__ for the third and final game of the match
But then Zoe __15__ her hand to pull me to my feet. “Maybe this game is over, but the match isn't. Nothing drops！”,
1．A.surprise B．arrangement
C．problem D．settlement
2．A.unexpected B．difficult
C．other D．same
3．A.breathed B．yawned
C．coughed D．laughed
4．A.uncertain B．polite
C．firm D．soft
5．A.perfect B．rewarding
C．promising D．light
6．A.whistle B．scene
C．warning D．gesture
7．A.match B．spot
C．room D．stage
8．A.excuse B．save
C．spare D．keep
9．A.alive B．hesitant
C．lost D．angry
10．A.flew B．struggled
C．climbed D．marched
11．A.fault B．turn
C．challenge D．dream
12．A.found B．praised
C．watched D．surrounded
13．A.interview B．relationship
C．celebration D．separation
14．A.time B．enthusiasm
C．wisdom D．energy
15．A.held out B．put out
C．gave out D．set out
Ⅳ.语法填空
A bobcat amazingly survived a 50 mile journey while it was stuck in the grill (保护汽车散热器的金属格栅) of a Virginia woman's car. The driver was heading 1.________ (work) at around 7 a．m. when she 2.________ (hear) a strange sound but she didn't stop. An hour 3.________ (late), she pulled into Virginia University and spotted the 4.________ (frighten) cat in the grill, according to the local station.
Peter, a worker from Richmond Animal Care, rushed to 5.________ scene and was astonished to find the animal in good shape. “The cat was 6.________ (complete) fine. It's unbelievable，” he told the station. “The only thing holding it up was a wire around its stomach and one plastic piece under its chest.”
The cat “hissed” (发嘶嘶声) at Peter, so he calmed it and removed it 7.________ the car. Then he and other 8.________ (colleague) transported it to the animal wildlife center, 9.________ it was examined for injury. “The lucky cat suffered only one minor cut on 10.________ (it) back and it was just wonderful to know the cat made it through such a crazy situation，” Peter said.
参考答案
【基础知识过关】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．theory　2.chain　3.network　4.impression　5.sociologist
6．random　7.parcel　8.release　9.bimonthly　10.phrase
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．carrying　2.impression　3.releasing　4.at　5.theories　6.delivery　7.analysis　8.located　9.separation　10.based
Ⅲ.语法专练
1．were invited　2.was shocked　3.had been hired　4.were being washed　5.had been broken　6.was being repaired
7．were sold　8.was closed　9.was pulled; given　10.had been cancelled
【能力提升训练】
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目。该班由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告以提醒成年人注意环保问题。
1．B'推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第一句“Nine year old Isobel Kelleher from the school's Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note.”可推知，成年人在环保问题上没有做得很好，故B项正确。
2．B'细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“The entire Hummingbirds class, which is made up of...the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife.”可知，该项目旨在提醒成年人要注意环保问题，故B项正确。
3．D'推理判断题。根据第四段尾句“It has been really hard to believe...using plastic straws.”可知，该段提及父母旨在说明该项目对成年人的影响，故D项正确。
4．A'主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第三段第一句“Mr Timms, Isobel's teacher, has been spearheading a new project...need to be more environmentally friendly.”为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目，该班由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人注意环保问题。故A项正确。
B
【语篇解读】　 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了各方对于青少年独自一人环游世界或航行的不同看法。
5．C'推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the government to cancel her voyage...there is confusion about the competence and independence of young people.”可知，对于Jessica Watson的冒险行为人们的看法不一致。文章用这个例子为下文人们对年轻人冒险行为的不同看法进行铺垫。故选C。
6．D'推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Her intention is to encourage teenagers”可知，Jessica Watson说自己是一个有梦想的普通女孩的本意是想鼓励其他青少年也可以像她一样有了不起的成就。故选D。
7．B'推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者觉得独自一人旅行太过于强调个人主义了。因此作者对此行为持“质疑”的态度。故选B。
C
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。夏天是蚊子猖狂的季节，但因每个人的体质不同，蚊子叮咬后的反应也各不一样。
8．D'细节理解题。根据第二段的“This is the protein that leads to the allergic reaction and itching.”可知，蚊子唾液里的蛋白质导致过敏反应与发痒。
9．B'词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，被蚊子叮咬后晚上会感到更痒，主要因为身体的抗炎激素在晚上更低，另外忙碌一天后人们放松下来，准备睡觉，故选B项。
10．C'细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It just depends on your body's immune system. People with a weaker immune system are more likely to develop more severe local reactions after the mosquito bites.”可知，有些人的免疫系统更强，蚊子叮咬后并不怎么受影响。
11．C'标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了蚊子叮咬让人们皮肤瘙痒，但因每个人的体质和免疫能力不同，每个人的反应也不同，故选C项。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了安迪·奥兹坎发明的一款将手机变成诊断工具的应用程序。这一应用程序诊断精确且易于使用。这种经济又实惠的医疗工具几乎可以在任何地方使用，并可能拯救全世界数百万条生命。
1．E'根据上文“想象一下，你在一个偏僻的村庄，那里没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你，他们会给你检查并抽取血样，但是直到他们把血样带回医院并找出问题所在后，他们才能帮助你”可推断出，设空处应承上启下，说明医生到来之前的状态。分析选项可知，E项符合语境。
2．G'上文内容说明如果你生病要等好几天医生才来看病，医生将血样送回医院检查后才能诊断，由此可推断出，此处要进一步说明这种延迟所带来的后果，分析选项可知，G项符合语境。
3．A'根据上文“In many remote places...there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don't have enough training to correctly interpret what they see.”可知，在许多偏远的地方，即使医生有仪器帮忙，仍然会出现其他问题。例如，许多医生因没有接受足够的培训而不能正确分析他们所看到的(症状)，由此可推断出A项(因此，他们可能会误诊疾病)符合语境。
4．D'第二段阐述的是奥兹坎的发明很重要的其中一个原因，此处应当是另一个原因。分析选项可知D项(奥兹坎的发明很重要的另一个原因是它很便宜)正确。D项中的inexpensive与本段中的the cost...fairly low呼应。
5．F'根据上文“...Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be used effectively almost anywhere.”可知，这种工具几乎可以在任何地方使用，设空处要进一步说明它可能拯救许多人的生命这一优点。分析选项可知，F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。排球比赛的比分是24比14，对方已经24分了，再丢一分，作者所在的排球队就输掉了比赛，但是最后这一分也不会很轻易送给对手，作者和队友们顽强拼搏，把比分追到24比20。虽然最后输了，但是作者和队友们不后悔自己的努力。
1．C'从语境的连贯看，作者所在排球队的教练在与官方负责人(就比分)进行理论，那么可推知，这里说的是比赛的比分有“问题”(problem)，因此选C。
2．D'从文中对对方球队八号球员的描述可知，这里表示这个八号球员的想法肯定与作者是一样的(same)。
3．B'根据下文提到的“that number 8 from yawning again”可得知，对方球队的八号球员在打哈欠，因此选B。
4．C'从作者说话的内容“Listen”和“From here on, nothing drops”可知，作者说话的语气很坚决(firm)，因此选C。
5．D'作者告诉队友，尽管再丢一分就会输掉比赛，但是最后这一分也要坚守，让对方明白要得到这最后一分绝非易(light)事，因此选D。
6．A'根据上文可知，作者是在比赛，因此此处表示“一听到哨声，我们马上做好准备”。
7．B'比赛要开始了，作者回到自己的位置上。用spot表示“位置”。
8．D'作者在这里要表达的意思是，即使输掉最后一分，输掉这场比赛，也要努力，让对方球队的八号队员不再轻视自己的球队而在那里打哈欠，因此选D，用keep sb. from doing sth.表示“不让某人做某事”。
9．A'这里说的是，比分从24比15变为24比20，作者这一方还“活着”(alive)，还没有被淘汰。
10．A'对方击球，排球从作者这方的手指尖上越过，用fly表示“在空中快速移动”。
11．B'这个球被Zoe救起来，作者的队伍又有机会了，因此作者说“轮到我了”，并握紧拳头击球。It's my turn表示“轮到我了”。
12．D'对方球队的八号球员为她们的球队赢得最后一分，她们的球队获胜了，因此对方的球员都围着她在兴奋地欢呼，因此选D。
13．C'这里表示作者看着对方在欢庆，因此选C。
14．D'结合前面的问句“Should we have saved...match？”可知，此时作者在想，拼命打完一场会输的比赛究竟是不是正确的决定，她们是不是本该为后面的比赛保存体力(energy)。
15．A'队友Zoe伸出手把作者从地上拉起来。hold out“伸出手”。put out“给某人添麻烦，烦恼，生气，扔掉”；give out“分发，用完”；set out“陈述，安排，摆放”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文。一只短尾猫被卡在汽车保护散热器的金属格栅里，女司机在不知情的情况下行驶了1个小时后才发现那只短尾猫。令人惊奇的是，那只短尾猫竟然活了下来，只受了点儿轻伤。
1．to work'句意：大约在早上7点那位司机正去上班，这时她听到有一种奇怪的声音——但她并没有停下来。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处作目的状语，说明was heading的目的，故填不定式形式to work。
2．heard'本题考查时态。设空处表示过去的行为，故用一般过去时，故填heard。
3．later'句意：一小时后，她将车停在了弗吉尼亚大学，这时才发现那只恐惧的猫正被困在保护汽车散热器的金属格栅里。“一段时间＋later”表示：一段时间之后。
4．frightened'考查形容词作定语。frightened感到害怕的；frightening令人害怕的。设空处表示“感到害怕的”，故填frightened。
5．the'句意：一位来自里士满动物中心的工作人员彼得迅速赶到现场，惊奇地发现那只猫状态良好。此处特指名词scene(事发现场)，故填the。
6．completely'句意：他告诉电台：“那只猫一切安好，真不可思议。”设空处作fine的状语，故用副词形式completely。
7．from'句意：那只猫向着彼得发出嘶嘶声，因此他使它平静下来并把它从车上取了出来。考查介词。remove...from...意为“将……从……取出”。
8．colleagues'句意：后来他和其他同事把它送到了动物中心，在那里他们对那只猫进行了检查看它是否受伤。根据常识及other可推知设空处填名词复数形式，故填colleagues。
9．where'本题考查定语从句。先行词为the animal wildlife center，将先行词代入定语从句中可知关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
10．its'根据设空处后的back可知需用形容词性物主代词作定语，根据上下文可知设空处填its。