高三英语课件：激活思维 破译高考 各类题型讲解大全（共52张PPT）

课件52张PPT。激活思维：
破译高考主 讲 人：赵 永 宽 英语PPT制作：魏 斯S★ 完形填空S★ 完形填空认识高考英语中的完形填空1. Those who had little or no training in science might not have made
their inventions , __ a ground-work had not been laid by scientists years
before. ( )A. asBD. whileC. becauseB. if2. It was 4 o’clock when the front doorbell rang.Mrs Clarke was __ tea
at the time. ( )A. cookingBD. servingC. burningB. makingS★ 完形填空利用前后对照关系解答完形填空题When he was speaking to people ____ he had no ____ understanding
what they said . ____ , when he was speaking on the phone , he ____
had a problem.(1)(4)(3)(2)(1) A. slowly B. in public C. in person D. carefully ( )(2) A. difficulty B. idea C. mistake D. interest ( )(3) A. Instead B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. However ( )(4) A. even B. just C. still D. seldom ( )CDACS★ 完形填空利用阅读材料中的复现信息巧解完形填空利用句子的逻辑关系巧解完形填空1. I used to call people __ , from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. ( )A. now and thenBD. at workC. at homeB. all the time1. The house next door had been empty for so long that we had quite __ what it was like to have neighbors. ( )A. rememberedBD. thought ofC. remindedB. forgottenS★ 完形填空完形填空对动词的考查1. There was no choice next morning but to __ my work . Two days passed before Mr Fleagle returned the graded papers. ( )A. give upCD. delayC. hand inB. continue2. Her back was so badly twisted by some sadness that her face nearly __ the table top. ( )A. struckDD. touchedC. stuckB. reachedS★ 完形填空完形填空对名词的考查1. The clothes a person wears may express his __ or social position.
( )A. curiosityBD. significanceC. determinationB. status2. The manager lost his __ just because his secretary was ten minutes late. ( )A. moodBD. passionC. mindB. temperS★ 完形填空高考完形对形容词和副词的考查1. Experts fear that the tendency for women to use most of the parental
leave could make employers __ to give young women the permanent jobs
they need to qualify for paid maternity leave. ( )A. willingBD. unableC. likelyB. reluctant2. She decided to go home and spend the holiday with her parents.The
next day she drove her old car home along the road. __ she found she
got a flat. ( )A. SuddenlyAD. FortunatelyC. ImmediatelyB. FinallyS★ 完形填空完形填空对虚词的考查1. The traditional approach __ with complex problems is to break them
down into smaller , more easily managed problems. ( )A. to dealingAD. to dealC. dealingB. in dealing完形填空的措辞运用1. It was so obvious __ the deserted landscape that everybody on the
train began to “__” it with their eyes wide open. ( )A. enjoyD. seeC. inspectB. hearA4141S★ 完形填空跨行信息与词的准确运用1. Alice became friends with Jane and would __ talk to her at lunch .
She did it that way in order to avoid the other kids __ her. ( )A. secretlyAD. eagerlyC. quietlyB. happily4241S4141的正确答案的跨行信息在文章倒数第二段：
She also encouraged her daughter not to feel like she should secretly be friends with Jane but to feel proud of her __ with her.552. She knew the result would depend only on the __ of the younger
woman. ( )A. patienceD. wordsC. characterB. attitudeC总之，有的跨行信息时通过某个词在上下文的出现，或是同义词的出现，或是语境的出现，或是主题的思想出现，尤其在文中的中间部分出现这种情况：
AAAAA____BBBBB____CCCCC____DDDDD提醒：做完后一定要通读，看是否符合行文逻辑。★ ★ 阅读理解一、阅读理解高考要求：理解主旨和要义；
理解文中具体信息；
推断词义；
作出判断和推理；
理解文章结构；
理解作者意图，观点和态度。S★ ★ 阅读理解二、历年高考阅读理解的设置特点： S★ ★ 阅读理解南昌二模阅读理解A篇：56. Because of the nature of his jokes when he was a child , Mark.Twain would __ . ( )A. run away from schoolB. cause his parents to quarrel with othersC. get into trouble with his friends and neighborsD. like to sit on the bank of the Mississipi riverC三、两大核心：定位与转换S★ ★ 阅读理解The author concludes that historical changes would __ . ( )A. be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB. not happen without heroes marking the necessary sacrificesC. Take place if there were heroes to lead the peopleD. produce leaders with attractive personalitiesAS★ ★ 阅读理解S★ ★ 阅读理解先从与题干对应的原文句子或相邻句中找到非生词部分的信息，然后分析选项，唯一能与这部分表达构成或同义替换关系的选项就是正确答案。According to the author , in the area of the Central Valley, __. ( )A. rains usually come without thunder and lightingB. it is usually dry in AprilC. children pay no attention to natural phenomenaD. parents are not interested in thunder and lighting AS原文：doesn’t generally experience usually come without
atmospheric sound thunder
lighting lighting
that can accompany those rains rains……come★ ★ 阅读理解五、懂单词依
然是做错单词的一词多义出题人对选项进行了修饰，通过添词、减词或换词的手法，使选项的意思发生了变化，无法与原文构成真正的同义转换关系S★ ★ 阅读理解六、长句难句的划分S★ ★ 阅读理解S★ ★ 阅读理解对应性同义转换1. People like to collect things.
2. People tend to amass possessions.相反性同义转换1. The youth nowadays is the first generation in U.S history that
has never experienced the death of a friend or a family member.
2. The older generations were quite familiar with the pass away of
someone they know.S★ ★ 阅读理解解释性同义转换Downsing—the laying off of thousands of workers to keep
expense low and profits high __ creates feelings of insecurity for
many.
归纳性同义转换1. Apples、oranges、and bananas are his favorite.
2. He loves to eat some kinds of fruits.SA company’s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may
result in the reduction of numbers of employee.★ ★ 阅读理解S★ ★ 阅读理解九、出题常考点开头结尾：认真辨析开头结尾因果关系：
A. 动词表示因果关系C. 不明显的因果关系词表示因果关系D. 利用引语来解释因果关系B. 句子的先后顺序表示因果关系转折关系对比关系例证与观点关系冠词的考查S（2005.27）1. If you grow up in __ large family,you are more likely to develop __ ability to get on well with __ others. ( )A. /,an;theB. a,the,/C. the,an,theD. a,the,theD（2007.26）2. Many people have come to realize that they should go on __ balanced diet and make __ room in their day for exercise.
( ) A. a,/B. the,aC. the,aD. /,aAS（2008.30）3. — I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
— It is not your fault.With __ rush hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. ( )A. a,aB. the,theC. /,/D. /,aB（2009.25） 4. Some people fear that __ air pollution may bring about changes in __ weather around the world. ( )A. /,the B. the,/C.an,theD. the,aAS 高频考点抽象名词的具体化 ； 例如success
考查不定冠词表泛指，定冠词表特指。强调的是特指说话人与听话人心目中都知道的事。
The的特指或对照
课文重点
冠词的固定搭配S 高频考点A. the,aB. the,theC. /,theD. the,/2. — Don’t worry if you can’t come to __ party.
— I’ll save __ cake for you. ( )A. the,some B. a,muchC.the,anyD. a,littleAI looked under __ bed and found __ book I lost last week.
( )BA. a,aB. the,aC. the,theD. a,the3. For him __ stage is just __ means of making a living. ( )BS代词的用法S 高频考点不定代词的用法及辨析（90%）
some、any、every、no one、nobody、nothing
兼作限定词的不定代词：any、all、none、both、neither、another、each、either、few、little、many、much、other、some等。
考查人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等
考查指示代词的用法
it、that、one、ones、these。
it还可作形式主语或形式宾语

S名词的考点名词的近义词的辨析
名词的固定结构在语境中的运用
抽象名词的具体化
强调课本 integrating skills (综合技能法)S时态与语态一般过去时态和完成时态的区别
进行时态和完成进行时态的区别
根据句中明确的时间状语确定时态
根据具体的语境判断时态
进行时态和完成时态的被动句
时态与定语从句，主谓一致及虚拟语气的结合 S一般过去时态和完成时态的考查一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时；(2009，北京)32. John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather __ with them to school. ( ) A. tookB. had takenC. were takingD. would takeB28. He __ football regularly for many years when he was young. ( ) (2008,天津)A. was playingB. playedC. has playedD. had playedBS进行时态和现在完成进行时态的考查进行时态：now、always、constantly、forever
或以look、listen开头的句子中。过去进行时：this morning、the whole morning、all day yesterday、 from nine to ten last evening、when、while等。Eg：I was doing my homework when my mother came in.现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去，强调中间没有中止过。Eg：It has been raining for two weeks.S根据句中明确的时间状语或者固定的句子结构确定时态 It is the first time … … (现在完成时) It was the first time … … (过去完成时) hardly……when… …
no sooner……than…… (现在完成时)
scarely……when……. S进行时态和完成时态的被动句。
其特点是隐去明显的时间状语，通过巧设语境，在具体情境中考查动词的时态；
The price __ , but I doubt whether it will remain so. ( )A. went downB. will go downC. has gone downD. was going downC根据具体的语境确定时态。
时态与定语从句，主谓一致及虚拟语气的结合
S★ 情态动词Can/Could：表示一般性的或理论上可能性，而不是要发生或正在发生的可能性；— I can’t find my purse anywhere.
— You __ have lost it while shopping. ( )A. mayD. wouldC. shouldB. canA(2009，北京)(2009，北京)Peter __ be really difficult at times ,even though he’s a nice person in general. ( )CA. shallD. mustC. canB. shouldMay /Might ：表示实际发生的可能性注意：may not指“可能不”can not指“不可能”SMust：用于条件句或疑问句中，译为“偏要，硬要”；— May I smoke here？
— If you __ ，choose a seat in the smoking section. ( )A. shouldD. mustC. mayB. couldD(2006，山东)(2001，上海)You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman __ be so rude to a lady. ( )CA. mightD. wouldC. shouldB. needShould：表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外，惊异；SShall：用于第一人称和第三人称，常用于疑问句中；— What does the sign over there read？
—“No person __ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area”. ( )A. willD. mustC. shallB. mayC(2007，四川)(2008，四川)We had to make the corrections by hand as the computer __ do them for us. ( )CA. mightn’tD. wouldn’tC. shouldn’tB. needn’tWill/Would：SSometimes she would take a walk in the neighbouring
woods.Go where you will，I will accompany you.
Come what would, I would go my own way.Either pen will do.
It would not do to work too late.S情态动词：must have done、should have done、
ought to have done、needn’t have done；He must have been working hard these years.情态动词+动词进行式和完成进行式S非谓语动词S（2008.辽宁） He was busy writing a story,only __ once in a while to
smoke a cigarette. ( )A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stoppedB（2006.陕西） He hurried to the booking office only __ that all the tickets had been sold out. ( )A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. toldBS（南昌二模） AIDS is said __ the number one killer of both men and
women over the past few years in that poor area where no
medical services are available. ( )B My cousin hired a room to live in. 应该注意与修饰词的逻辑关系。A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. having beenS 状语从句SA. It is/has been + 时间段 + since……
B. It will be/was + 时间段 + before……
C. It is/was + 时刻点 + when……
D. It is + 介词短语(表时间) + that……
高频考点SWhile： 高频考点用在句中表示前后对比和转折
用在句子开头表示让步。“尽管”、“即使”
用在句中，引导表示时间的状语从句，
表“在……期间”When：用作句中，构成句式
表示让步“既然”Before：表“还未来得及……就……”
表“过一段时间才……”，多用于it开头的句中S名词性从句 S 特殊句型（2007.山东） 1.倒装句2.强调句3.省略句4.独立主格结构 — Where did you get to know her？
— It was on the farm __ we worked. ( )A. thatB. thereC. whichD. whereDIt was on the farm (where we worked) that I got to know her.S谢谢！祝同学们高考考出优异的成绩！PPT制作：魏 斯