2022届高考英语阅读备考（一）（含答案）

2022届高考英语阅读备考（一）
Threats that tigers face “森林之王”遇威胁
号称“森林之王”的老虎如今也生存不易，面临种种威胁。是什么导致这种情况？
难词探意
1. degrade / /v. （使）退化
2. shrink /v. （使）缩小;收缩;减少
3. retaliation / n. 报复;反击
4. mangrove /n. 红树林植物
5. mitigation / n. 减轻;缓解
In some areas， tigers are still in crisis and declining in number. Here are some threats that tigers are faced with.
Habitat loss
Tigers have lost an estimated 95% of their historical range. Their habitat has been destroyed， degraded， and broken apart by human activities. The clearing of forests for agriculture and woods， as well as the building of road networks and other development activities， pose serious threats to tiger habitats. Tigers need wide swathes（一长条） of habitat for their survival since they have large home ranges and are very territorial. Fewer tigers can survive in small， scattered islands of habitat， which leads to a higher risk of inbreeding and makes tigers more vulnerable to poaching as they venture beyond protected areas to establish their territories.
Human Wildlife conflict
People and tigers increasingly compete for space. As forests shrink and prey becomes scarce， tigers are forced to leave protected areas in search of food and to establish territories. This takes them into human Dominated areas that lie between habitat fragments， where they can hunt domestic livestock that many local communities depend on for their livelihood. In retaliation， tigers are sometimes killed or captured. “Conflict” tigers can end up for sale in black markets. Local community dependence on forests for fuel wood， food， and timber heightens the risk of tiger attacks on people.
Effects of climate change
One of the world’s largest， and most uniquely Adapted， tiger populations are found in the Sundarbans—a large mangrove forest area shared by India and Bangladesh on the coast of the Indian Ocean. It is also the only coastal mangrove tiger habitat in the world. These mangrove forests harbor a variety of species， including tigers， and protect coastal regions from storm surges and wind damage. However， rising sea levels caused by climate change threaten to wipe out these forests and the last remaining habitat of this tiger population. According to a WWF study， without mitigation efforts， projected sea Level rise—about a foot by 2070—could destroy nearly the entire Sundarbans tiger habitat.
Tiger “farms” and captive tigers
Current estimates indicate that there are between 7，000 and 8，000 tigers being held in more than 200 centers in East and Southeast Asia， with roughly three Quarters of these tigers located in China. The current scale of commercial captive breeding efforts within these farms is a significant obstacle to the recovery and protection of wild tiger populations. It is estimated that nearly 5，000 tigers reside in the US， and we must ensure that these animals are not exploited by， or contributing to， the illegal trade in tigers and their parts.
Reading Check
1. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “pose” in paragraph 2？
A. Stand.
B. Cause.
C. Pretend.
D. Impress.
2. Tigers have to leave protected areas for .
A. breeding and freedom
B. freedom and adventures
C. territories and breeding
D. food and territories
3. What can we know about the Sundarbans？
A. It belongs to Bangladesh.
B. It is one of the coastal mangrove tiger habitats in the world.
C. It can protect coastal regions from storm and wind damage.
D. It will soon disappear because of over cutting from humans.
答案
B 2. D 3. C
What WWF is doing 世界自然基金会的拯救行动
保护濒临灭绝的野生动物是世界自然基金会的一项重要工作。那么它的拯救行动有哪些呢？
难词探意
1. conserve / v. 保护
2. restore / v. 恢复
3. maintain / v. 维持
4. sustain / v. 支持;承受;维持
5. steward /v. 管理
6. fundamental / / adj. 基本的;根本的
7. drone / n. 无人驾驶飞机
Conserving wildlife is at heart of our mission. We focus on protecting populations of some of the world’s most ecologically， economically， and culturally important species—the survival of which are threatened by poaching， illegal trade and habitat loss. We use the best science available to link on the ground work with high Level policy action to create lasting solutions that benefit wild animals as well as the people that live alongside them.
Double the number of tigers
WWF aims to double the worlds wild tiger population by 2022. We’re working with world leaders to take action， focusing conservation efforts in key sites， raising funds to permanently protect landscapes， and supporting community Based conservation. Saving tigers is about more than restoring a single species. As a large predator， tigers play an important role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem. Every time we protect a tiger， we protect around 25，000 acres of forest—forests that sustain wildlife and local communities and supply people around the world with clean air， water， food， and products.
Empower people to protect wildlife
Over the last few decades， conservationists have come to understand just how central community involvement is to wildlife conservation success—and how important it is for communities to actively steward the natural resources around them to improve economic and social well Being. WWFs community Based conservation work today reflects this fundamental reality. We work across a variety of communities and customize our work based on the specific needs and interests of a given place， taking into consideration each regions particular set of conservation assets and challenges.
Close Asia’s ivory markets
Illegal killing of elephants for ivory decimates（大批杀死） global populations. Este
mates indicate that each year poachers kill close to 20，000 elephants， mostly for their ivories. Overall， we see demand increasing in East Asian and Southeast Asian markets. WWF is working to shut down the illegal markets in the area.
Stop wildlife crime
WWF uses our expertise in policy， wildlife trade， advocacy， and communications in an effort to stop wildlife crime in the US and around the world. At home， we ensure the US enacts tight ivory commerce restrictions. Partnerships with technology companies help us develop innovative ways to stop wildlife crime using everything from drones to infrared cameras that can detect poachers in the dead of night. To combat the trade in illegal wildlife products through web Based platforms， WWF has teamed up with ecommerce and social media companies to adopt a standardized wildlife policy framework for online trade.
Reading Check
1. Why is saving tigers not only about restoring a single species？
2. What’s the main reason for poachers killing elephants？
3. Why are drones and infrared cameras used by WWF？
答案
1. Because tigers play an important role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem.
2. They kill elephants for their ivories.
3. To detect poachers in the dead of night and stop wildlife crime.
The “strangest parrots on earth”are being saved 鸮鹦鹉正在被拯救
它们白天睡觉，晚上出来活动，能攀爬却不能飞行。它们被称为“世界上最蠢萌的鹦鹉”。
难词探意
1. plump / adj. 微胖的;饱满的
2. triple / adj. 三倍的
3. breed / v. 繁殖;饲养
4. snugly / adv. 紧贴地
5. pellet /n. 小球;小弹丸
6. poach / v. （侵入他人地界）偷猎
It’s as plump as a goose， has the face of an owl and waddles like a duck. It sleeps in the day and is active at night. And it can climb just about anything but can’t fly anywhere. No wonder people call the kakapos the strangest parrots on earth.
Once found in large numbers all over New Zealand， kakapos have been on the edge of disappearing for more than a century. In 1977， trackers counted just 18 kakapos left in the entire country and all of them were males. Then something amazing happened. A previously unknown kakapo population was found. It included the first females seen in more than 60 years. This exciting discovery made the local government help the parrots by moving them to three small， predator Free is lands.
New Zealand is an isolated island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Many of its plants and animals， like the kakapo， are found nowhere else. Protecting them is a matter of national pride as well as urgency. “As the largest type of parrot on earth， they are quite the sight in person，” said Wes Securest of Global Wildlife Conservation， which is helping the kakapo recovery program. “They have a teddy Bear quality with their soft feathers， wide eyes and owl like expressions.” Today the recovery program counts 147 adult birds， nearly triple the number since its start in 1995. And that number will soon grow， as the current breeding season is expected to set a record and add 30 to 50 healthy chicks.
To improve kakapo breeding， recovery team members watch and track the parrots using nest cameras， infrared beams （红外光束）， microchips and radio transmitters in small “backpacks” fitted snugly under the birds wings. Individual feeding stations supply extra pellet food and clean water. The stations have electronic scales to check weight and are programmed to open only for the target bird， automatically locking if a parrot wearing the “wrong” transmitter tries to poach from another parrots station.
Eggs are often removed from the nest and put in incubators （孵化器）， machines that help them develop. In their place， team members leave 3D Printed “smart eggs” that make noise and get the moms ready to raise their chicks once they hatch and are brought back.
Recovery team caretakers are very dedicated. They hike the forest all day with equipment and supplies weighing nearly 50 pounds， then curl up at night in tents near the birds. Like new parents， they awake several times each night to tend to their assigned nest. Every new chick is celebrated. A few years ago， when a female accidentally crushed her egg， team members patched it with tape and glue. Days later， they watched excitedly as the first kakapo chick in three years hatched. Success！
Reading Check
True （T） or False （F）
（ ）1. Kakapos are called as the strangest parrots mainly because of their sleeping habits.
（ ）2. There were only 18 kakapos left in New Zealand in 1977.
（ ）3. The recovery program helps the kakapos a lot in their recovering.
（ ）4. Modern technologies are used to improve kakapo breeding.
（ ）5. Taking care of kakapos is a tough but wonderful job for the recovery team workers.
答案
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. T