中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语新教材选择性必修四U3 Sea Exploration同步训练
阅读理解
A
It seems we can’t get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASA’s money is spent on manned space exploration, and that number will grow with the USA’s decision to send a man to Mars in 2037. We’ve seen all there is to see on Earth, right Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea.
Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) would implode (内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 km — still less than the average depth of the ocean — there’s a good chance that you’ll discover a new species. The deepest-diving whales go no further. At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes.
Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the planet.
In the late 1990s, a deep-water submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing 4, 000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised Don’t be. The ocean covers 70% of the planet’s surface and we’ve studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.
One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under the dry rocks of Mars better than humans. They’re absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they can’t look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy.
Perhaps now it’s time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction. The adventure of the deep sea is science fact.
1. What do the examples in Paragraph 2 suggest
A. Sea exploration is no easy task.
B. Nuclear submarines need to be improved.
C. The ocean is far deeper than people expected.
D. The condition under the sea is similar to that on the Moon.
2. What do we know about the Challenger Deep
A. Blue whales live there.
B. No one has ever been there.
C. People are terrified by the sight of it.
D. It is the deepest known location on Earth.
3. What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean
A. It’s surprising. B. It’s no wonder.
C. It’s worrying. D. It’s no success.
4. What does the author want to tell us
A. Space exploration is of little value.
B. We spend too much money on space travel.
C. Humans’ success lies in how much they explore the sea.
D. The ocean is the place where we should make our efforts.
B
A study has warned that seafood supplies from the world’s oceans could be almost gone by the middle of the century. The researchers say there has already been a breakdown in wild populations of almost one third of currently fished sea-foods. The study says that means their catch has fallen by ninety percent from their highest level. Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada led the intentional team that did the study. Professor Worm says species have recently been disappearing from oceans at an increasing speed. At this rate he says all seafood species could collapse by 2048.
Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments. But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years. Some scientists say parts of the world do have problems but others are doing a good job of protecting fish populations. Government officials in several countries with large fishing industries also questioned the research.
The study appeared earlier this month in Science magazine.
The researchers say damage to oceans affects not only fish populations but also the productivity of ecosystems. These complex systems help control water quality. The scientists say the loss of different kinds of sea life appears to increase the risk of fish kills and beach closures from harmful algae growth.
The scientists examined the results of thirty-two experiments and observed forty-eight protected areas. They also looked at records of catches worldwide. They studied records from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization from 1950 to 2003. And they examined archaeological information and other historical records for twelve coastal areas. That research reached back over a thousand years.
Boris Worm says the findings are, in his words, “beyond anything we suspected. ”But he also says the situation is not too late to correct. He says that with good fisheries management, some species could completely recover in three to ten years.
5. The underlined word “their” in the first paragraph most probably mean .
A. researchers’ B. fishermen’s
C. sea foods’ D. the oceans’
6. Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. All the scientists don’t believe that all seafood species will disappear very soon.
B. Most government officials disagree to the seafood-disappearing research.
C. Some scientists are doing a good job of protecting fish populations.
D. It’s too late to take any action to improve the situation.
7. According to Boris Worm, .
A. some people are doing a good job of protecting fish populations
B. overfishing is one of the causes for the loss of seafood species
C. things are getting worse though efforts can be made
D. some more species will come into being with right measures
8. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To call on people to protect the ocean environment.
B. To introduce a study about the disappearing of sea foods.
C. To report different opinions about the seafood research.
D. To criticize the present fisheries management.
2. 完形填空
Hansen and his 10-year-old son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch. They started Project Empathy(共情)four years ago to 1 a meal, listen to their stories and figured out how they could
2 help.
“Just start with a smile, a hello. It really just starts with that. If you do it, you can make a connection. A small gesture can have a 3 impact on others less fortunate, ” Hansen 4 in an interview.
Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger 5 . Ward, a homeless, was 6 in a flat. He credited the Hansens with helping him 7 the difficult process of moving off the streets. “It is great to have friends who make us feel 8 and I’m impressed with the pair, ” Ward said.
Father and son’s 9 have developed into a passion project that 10 faith and community which emphasizes the 11 community members can have in uplifting the homeless. They know they can’t settle the homeless 12 alone. They’re hoping empathy will 13 .
“My hope for the future is to 14 more connection across our country. We could and we will succeed 15 we have other people join in and help the homeless, ” Chase said.
语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last September，my daughter and I went on a beach holiday together.One afternoon during the holiday，we went to take 56. walk on the beach.
It was a beautiful day and we really enjoyed the walk there.Then 57. (sudden) my daughter let go of my hand.She looked at something on the ground.Before I could find out what she was doing，she had picked up a small crab(螃蟹)．She observed it for a while，and then
58. (drop) it into the water.After she did that，she smiled 59. me and said，“I just rescued it.”
I was really worried that she would be injured.I had read in books that one could easily get hurt by a crab.And I had never touched a crab.However,60. I could say or do anything，I found that there was already a small crowd around 61. (we)．They were terribly
62. (surprise) at the courage of this cute three year old child who could pick up a crab and return it to the ocean before something bad caused its 63. (die)．And I became proud of my daughter.
My fear has stopped me from doing many things.I’m glad 64. (find) that my daughter isn’t afraid of 65. (try) new things.
七选五
Beginning with Chinese efforts to explore and connect with Central Asia, the Silk Road consisted of massive small routes and was named after the silk cloth the Chinese produced. 1 Through these routes, Chinese silk, porcelain, lacquer work and ironware were shipped to the West, while pepper, flax, spices, grape and pomegranate entered China.
2 They promoted flow of knowledge as well. Arab astronomy, calendar and medicine found their way to China, while China’s four great inventions and silkworm breeding spread to other parts of the world. 3 For example, Buddhism originated in India, blossomed in China and was enriched in Southeast Asia. Confucianism, which was born in China, gained appreciation by European thinkers such as Leibniz and Voltaire. Herein lies the appeal of mutual (相互的) learning.
The ancient silk routes witnessed the busy scenes of visits and trade over land and ships calling at ports. Along these major routes, capital, technology and people flowed freely. 4 The ancient prosperous cities and ports developed, so did the Roman Empire as well as Parthia and Kushan Kingdoms. The Han and Tang Dynasties of China entered the golden age. The ancient silk routes brought prosperity to these regions and contributed to their development.
Some regions along the ancient Silk Road used to be a land of milk and honey. Yet today, these places are often associated with conflict, crisis and challenge. 5 Now, the Belt and Road Initiative intends to build an open platform of cooperation and a broad community of shared interests. It will not only achieve economic growth and balanced development, but also connect different civilizations. Mutual understanding, mutual respect, and mutual trust among different countries will be boosted.
A. More importantly, ideas were also exchanged.
B. The ancient silk routes were not only for trade.
C. Goods, resources and benefits were widely shared.
D. Such state of affairs should not be allowed to continue.
E. However, silk was just one of many goods traded on these routes.
F. Large empires provided stability and protection for the trade routes.
G. The Silk Road was never an actual road, or even a single massive trade route.
参考答案：
阅读： ADBD CABB
完形填空：
CBAAB DACDC DBBAB
语法填空：a; suddenly;dropped;at;before;us;surprised;death;to find;trying
七选五EBACD
同步训练
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语新人教版选择性必修四 U3 Sea Exploration 学案
学生姓名 班级 序号
课题内容 选择性必修四U3 Sea Exploration词汇拓展和句法
学习目标 掌握本单元重点词汇和句型；
学习重点 本单元重点词汇和句型；
学习难点 灵活运用中词组和句型；
重点词汇拓展
extend vt. 扩展; 使伸长; 延长;extension n.延伸；扩大; extensive adj.广阔的；广泛的
extend into sth. 扩大或延长到……
extend over sth. (使)持续, 延续
extend to sth. (使)达到, 伸展到
例句：
①Extend your left arm.(伸开；伸展)
②This road extends to the river.（延伸；延长）
③The company extended its services to Hong Kong.（使扩大；使扩展）
arrest n. 逮捕; 拘留; 中止 vt. 逮捕; 拘留; 阻止
arrest sb. for sth. 因……逮捕某人
get arrested (人)被逮捕
arrest one’s attention 引起某人的注意
be under arrest 被逮捕
make an arrest 进行逮捕
possession n. 个人财产; 拥有; 控制; possess vt.拥有
例句：
*The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions.
海洋是生命的家园, 而不是人类的财产。
*The company that Tom is in possession of was once in the possession of his uncle.
汤姆现在拥有的公司曾经是他叔叔的。
*On her father’s death, she came into possession of a vast fortune. 父亲死后, 她继承了一大笔财产。
*We didn’t take possession of the car until a few days after the auction. 拍卖会过后几天, 我们才真正拿到了那辆车。
相关词组：
be in possession of sth. 拥有/占有某物
be in the possession of sb. /be in one’s possession 为某人所有; 归某人所有
have possession of 拥有
come into possession of 占有某物
get/take possession of 占领; 夺取
语法填空
(1) He is in possession of the house.
= The house is in the possession of him.
(2)He took possession of a lot of jewels from Mr White.
(3)He had come into possession of a large fortune.
(4)Does the young man standing there have possession of the company
mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 恩惠
show mercy to sb. 怜悯某人
have mercy on 对……表示怜悯
at the mercy of 任凭……的摆布; 在……的支配中
without mercy 残忍地, 毫无同情心地
近义词：sympathy: n.同情；怜悯;charity: n. 慈善；宽容;compassion: n.怜悯；同情
语法填空
(1)He will be generous and _____(mercy) to those who are weaker than himself.
(2)So pitifully did she plead that the Baron grew calm and decided to have mercy_____ her.
(3)They showed little mercy_____ the enemies.
(4)The policemen shot the crocodile _____ mercy.
(5)The boat was_____ the mercy of the rapid river.
5. withdraw vi. & vt. (withdrew, withdrawn)(使)撤回; 撤离
例句：
①I want to withdraw $4000 from my bank account.(提取存款)
②I made the choice to withdraw from colledge to care for my grandparents.(退出)
withdraw from sth. 从……提取
withdraw to sth. 退入; 撤退到
语法填空
(1)She quickly withdrew her hand___ the hot iron.
(2)Internet addicts tend to withdraw____ their own fantasy world rather than communicating with a real person.
6. negotiate vt. 商定; 达成(协议)vi. 谈判; 磋商; 协商
*Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. 在这里, 来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起谈判贸易协议, 这也使人们更加了解彼此的文化。
*The delegates have just arrived to negotiate a formal agreement with us on the boundary affairs.
代表团刚到, 将与我们就边境事件进行谈判以签订正式协议。
*We finally negotiated them into making concessions.
我们终于通过谈判使他们作出了让步。
*The two sides are negotiating about it.
双方就此事正在交涉。
相关词组：
negotiate about (for) sth. 就某事进行交涉
negotiate sb. /sth. into sth. /v. -ing 通过谈判使……进入/做某事
negotiate with sb. 与某人进行交涉(以达成协议)
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)The two countries are negotiating__ a peaceful settlement.
(2)He succeeded in negotiating his country__ the WTO.
(3)They have decided to negotiate __ the boss about their wage claims.
7. bond n. 纽带；关系;v.结合；增强信任关系
例句：
①A bond of friendship has been formed between them.
(n. 纽带；关系)
②Reading was a special way to bond with my children.
(v.结合；增强信任关系)
重点短语拓展
set sail起航; 开航
set相关短语:
set up 建立; 安装好; 设置; 引发; 产生
set out 出发; 动身; 启航; 开始工作(to do); 安排; 布置; 陈述; 阐明
set off 动身; 出发; 引起; 爆炸
set about 开始; 着手(+doing sth. )
2. in hand在手头; 可供使用
相关短语：
at hand 在手边, 在近处; 即将到来
by hand 用手工
on hand 在手边(随时可用)
at first hand 第一手；亲自
(1)She always has her dictionary____ hand when she studies.
(2)My shoes were made ____ hand.
(3)The examinations are near____ hand.
(4)I still have some money ____ hand.
随堂练习：
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. As a result of this westward___ (迁移), Americans eventually occupied the whole continent—from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
2. Look up their number in the telephone ___ (目录).
3. Carl’s starting college in September. ___ (与此同时), he’s travelling around Europe.
4. We need to make sure that we ___ (开发) our resources as fully as possible.
5. We drank ___ (加仑) of coffee to keep ourselves awake.
6. Her husband was ___ (谋杀) by gunmen as she watched.
7. After the boat’s motor failed, they were at the ___ (仁慈)of the weather.
8. The ___ (拥有) of large amounts of money does not ensure happiness.
9. Leading ___(对手) of the proposed cuts in defence spending will meet later today.
10. Details of the crime are then___(记录) in the computer.
11. ___(海洋的) biologists are concerned about the effects of untreated sewage that is flowing into coastal waters.
12. The police say seven people were ___ (逮捕) for minor offenses.
参考答案：
Keys: in; the; of; into;of; merciful; on; to; without; at;from;to; for; into; on; with; by; at; in
migration; directory;meanwhile;exploit;gallons; murdered; mercy; possession;opponents; logged; Marine; arrested;
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
