2022届高考英语二轮复习：宾语从句学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：宾语从句学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-01 13:39:42 | ||
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宾语从句 (Objective Clauses)
在复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可分为动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词：that, whether, if；连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever；连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。
1. 连词that, whether, if引导的宾语从句
that, whether, if在宾语从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。that无意义，可以省略；whether/if意为“是否”，不可省略。
He said (that) he would help us. 他说他会帮助我们。
I think (that) you are right. 我认为你是对的。
We doubt whether/if he will come. 我们怀疑他是否要来。
典题赏析：
1) He told me ___________ he would go to the college the next year. 他告诉我他明年上大学。
2) Nobody knew ___________ he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。
2. 连接代词引导的宾语从句
who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有具体的意思且不能省略。
Do you know who they are waiting for 你知道他们在等谁吗？
I don’t know whose book this is. 我不知道这是谁的书。
Pay attention to what the teacher said. 注意老师所说的话。
Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。
I will take whichever book interests me. 我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。
典题赏析：
1) I don’t know ___________ you mean. 我不知道你指谁。
2) Please tell me ___________ you like. 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。
3) I’ll do ___________ I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。
4) You can take ___________ you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。
3. 连接副词引导的宾语从句
when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作状语，有具体的意思且不能省略。
I don’t know when we will meet again. 我不知道我们何时才能再见面。
Do you know why he was late 你知道他为什么迟到吗？
I don’t mind however late you come. 我不介意你来得多么晚。
典题赏析：
1) I asked ___________ he was getting on. 我问他情况怎样。
2) He knows ___________ they live. 他知道他们住哪里。
3) I’d like to know ___________ they will let him out. 我很想知道他们什么时候会放他出来。
4. it作形式宾语，代替宾语从句
①feel, find, think, consider, believe, make等后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将that从句后置。（即结构：feel/find/think/consider/believe/make…+it+OC+that…）
We feel it our duty that we should make our country a better place.
我们觉得使我们的国家成为一个更好的地方是我们的责任。
We all find it important that we should learn English well. 我们都发现学好英语是重要的。
He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。
I think it best that you should seek for a new solution to the problem.
我认为你最好寻找一个解决该问题的新办法。
②有些动词或短语后一般不直接接宾语从句，需在宾语从句前加it作形式宾语，这类动词有hate, like, dislike, love, hide, hear, take, see to, depend on, rely on, count on, enjoy, appreciate, answer for, feel like, be fond of等。（即结构：hate/like/dislike…+it+宾语从句）
I hate it when you look at me like that. 我不喜欢你看我的样子。
One often hears it said that travel broadens the mind. 人们常常听说旅行可以使人心胸开阔。
He took it that we were to stay here for the night. 他以为我们要在这里过夜。
I will appreciate it if you can help me. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
Please see to it that you bring enough money when you go out. 出门时请务必带足够的钱。
They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。
典题赏析：
1) I think ______ necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
2) I feel ______ a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together. 我没去聚会，感觉非常遗憾。
3) I have made ______ a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯。
4) We all find ______ important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要。
5) I hate ______ when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
6) We take ______ that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的。
7) Please see to ______ that you turn off the light when you leave the room.
当你离开房间时，请务必关灯。
8) We think _____ our duty that we should pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it
9) I like _____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
10) I’d appreciate ______ if you would like to help me with my English.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
5. 宾语从句可以跟在及物动词（短语）后面，也可以跟在某些介词后面，还可以跟在某些形容词的后面。
He says that he comes from Lianyungang. 他说他来自连云港。
We always mean what we say. 我们向来说话算话。
Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another.
我们的成功取决于我们互相之间合作得如何。
He goes to the library every day except when it is raining.
除了天下雨外，他每天都去图书馆。
I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。
I am interested in how we use computer. 我对如何使用电脑感兴趣。
I’m sure that they will win. 我确信他们会赢。
I’m afraid that he is ill. 恐怕他病了。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移
若主句的主语为第一人称且为一般现在时，主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。其反意疑问句的主语要与宾语从句中的主语保持一致，附加问句用肯定形式。
I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。
I don’t believe that he will keep his word. 我认为他不会守信的。
We don’t suppose that it is his fault, is it 我们认为那不是他的过错，是不是？
7. 复杂的特殊疑问句（又称双重疑问句）
在某些宾语从句中，宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词常被移到主句之前，构成特殊疑问形式，其结构为：特殊疑问词+do you think+宾语从句的其他部分（用陈述语序）？常见的用于此结构的动词有think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess, hope, say等。
What do you think we will do next 你认为我们下一步该怎么办？
Who do you guess is on duty today 你认为今天谁值日？
How do you say they will go to Beijing 你说他们将怎样去北京？
8. 使用宾语从句应注意的事项
①在宾语从句中连词that常省略，但在以下几种情况下不可以省略。在某些动词如agree, argue, hold, observe, remark, state等之后that习惯上不省略；形式宾语it后that不能省略；动词和that从句中间有插入成分时不能省略；介词后面有that不能省略；有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第一个that可以省略，其余的都不能省略。
He remarked that it was getting late. 他说天色渐晚了。
We hold that he is wrong. 我们认为他错了。
He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。
They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。
They told us once again that the situation was serious. 他们又一次告诉我们说形势很严重。
The bus is empty except that there is an old lady in it.
除了有位老太太外，那辆公共汽车是空的。
I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。
I think (that) he needs some help and that we should help him.
我认为他需要帮助，我们应该帮助他。
②在宾语从句中连词whether, if常可互换，但在以下几种情况下不可以互换。宾语从句为否定句时，只能用if；在介词后面时，只能用whether；紧跟or not时，只能用whether；后接不定式时，只能用whether；某些动词（discuss, doubt, leave, put）后只能用whether；宾语从句位于句首时，只能用whether；在引起歧义的情况下，应用whether。
I care if he doesn’t come. 我介意他是否不来。
I’m not sure of whether it will rain. 我不能确定天是否下雨。
I don’t care whether or not she will attend the meeting. 我根本不关心她是否参加会议。
I haven’t decided whether to go there by bus. 我还没有决定是否做公交车去那儿。
We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan. 我们讨论是否改动我们计划。
Whether he can finish the work or not, I can’t say. 他是否能完成这项工作，我说不准。
Please let me know whether you need my help. 请让我知道你是否需要我帮忙。
③在“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。常见的动词有：insist; order, command; advise, suggest, propose, recommend; demand, require, desire, request等。（即：一坚持二命令四建议四要求。）
He insisted that he (should) be sent to Tibet. 他坚决要求被派往西藏。
The officer ordered that the soldiers (should) start at once.
那位军官命令战士们应该马上动身。
④宾语从句的时态。当主句中的谓语是现在时或将来时时，从句中的谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态; 当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态；若从句叙述的是客观真理或事实时，从句的时态则用一般现在时。
She says that she works every day. 她说她每天工作。（从句用一般现在时）
She says that she will leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
她说明天她要动身去上海。（从句用一般将来时）
She says that she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从未去过峨眉山。（从句用现在完成时）
He said that there were no classes yesterday. 他说昨天没有课。（从句用一般过去时）
He said that he would attend a party. 他说他要参加一个聚会。（从句用过去将来时）
He said that he had never been to Yunnan. 他说他从未去过云南。（从句用过去完成时）
He said that the earth is round. 他说地球是圆的。（客观事实，从句用一般现在时）
宾语从句专练：
1) It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ he or she wants.
2) I am sure that __________ he said is true.
3) I don’t doubt __________ he’ll come.
4) This depends on __________ the weather is fine.
5) I’ve heard __________ said that Princess Harly was put into prison because of illegal behavior.
6) Everyone could see, I believe, _____________ Mike was very terrified.
7) I think that you have done your best and _____________ everything will go well.
8) I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance _____________ or not you will come.
9) We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge.
10) As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ___________ it takes to start a business here.
11) Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ___ close you may be to victory.
12) He insisted that he _________ (be) in good health and that he _________ (send) to work there.
13) The teacher told us that light __________ (travel) much faster than sound.
14) The doctor recommended that you _______________ (not swim) after eating a large meal.
15) It is requested that all members __________________ (be) present at the meeting.
(
1. whatever 2. what 3. that 4. whether 5. it 6. that 7. that 8. whether 9. what 10. what 11. how 12. was, (should) be sent 13. travels 14. (should) not swim 15. (should) be
)
在复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可分为动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词：that, whether, if；连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever；连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。
1. 连词that, whether, if引导的宾语从句
that, whether, if在宾语从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。that无意义，可以省略；whether/if意为“是否”，不可省略。
He said (that) he would help us. 他说他会帮助我们。
I think (that) you are right. 我认为你是对的。
We doubt whether/if he will come. 我们怀疑他是否要来。
典题赏析：
1) He told me ___________ he would go to the college the next year. 他告诉我他明年上大学。
2) Nobody knew ___________ he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。
2. 连接代词引导的宾语从句
who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有具体的意思且不能省略。
Do you know who they are waiting for 你知道他们在等谁吗？
I don’t know whose book this is. 我不知道这是谁的书。
Pay attention to what the teacher said. 注意老师所说的话。
Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。
I will take whichever book interests me. 我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。
典题赏析：
1) I don’t know ___________ you mean. 我不知道你指谁。
2) Please tell me ___________ you like. 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。
3) I’ll do ___________ I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。
4) You can take ___________ you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。
3. 连接副词引导的宾语从句
when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why等引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中可以作状语，有具体的意思且不能省略。
I don’t know when we will meet again. 我不知道我们何时才能再见面。
Do you know why he was late 你知道他为什么迟到吗？
I don’t mind however late you come. 我不介意你来得多么晚。
典题赏析：
1) I asked ___________ he was getting on. 我问他情况怎样。
2) He knows ___________ they live. 他知道他们住哪里。
3) I’d like to know ___________ they will let him out. 我很想知道他们什么时候会放他出来。
4. it作形式宾语，代替宾语从句
①feel, find, think, consider, believe, make等后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将that从句后置。（即结构：feel/find/think/consider/believe/make…+it+OC+that…）
We feel it our duty that we should make our country a better place.
我们觉得使我们的国家成为一个更好的地方是我们的责任。
We all find it important that we should learn English well. 我们都发现学好英语是重要的。
He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。
I think it best that you should seek for a new solution to the problem.
我认为你最好寻找一个解决该问题的新办法。
②有些动词或短语后一般不直接接宾语从句，需在宾语从句前加it作形式宾语，这类动词有hate, like, dislike, love, hide, hear, take, see to, depend on, rely on, count on, enjoy, appreciate, answer for, feel like, be fond of等。（即结构：hate/like/dislike…+it+宾语从句）
I hate it when you look at me like that. 我不喜欢你看我的样子。
One often hears it said that travel broadens the mind. 人们常常听说旅行可以使人心胸开阔。
He took it that we were to stay here for the night. 他以为我们要在这里过夜。
I will appreciate it if you can help me. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
Please see to it that you bring enough money when you go out. 出门时请务必带足够的钱。
They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。
典题赏析：
1) I think ______ necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
2) I feel ______ a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together. 我没去聚会，感觉非常遗憾。
3) I have made ______ a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯。
4) We all find ______ important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要。
5) I hate ______ when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
6) We take ______ that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的。
7) Please see to ______ that you turn off the light when you leave the room.
当你离开房间时，请务必关灯。
8) We think _____ our duty that we should pay taxes to our government.
A. that B. this C. its D. it
9) I like _____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
10) I’d appreciate ______ if you would like to help me with my English.
A. that B. it C. this D. you
5. 宾语从句可以跟在及物动词（短语）后面，也可以跟在某些介词后面，还可以跟在某些形容词的后面。
He says that he comes from Lianyungang. 他说他来自连云港。
We always mean what we say. 我们向来说话算话。
Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another.
我们的成功取决于我们互相之间合作得如何。
He goes to the library every day except when it is raining.
除了天下雨外，他每天都去图书馆。
I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。
I am interested in how we use computer. 我对如何使用电脑感兴趣。
I’m sure that they will win. 我确信他们会赢。
I’m afraid that he is ill. 恐怕他病了。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移
若主句的主语为第一人称且为一般现在时，主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。其反意疑问句的主语要与宾语从句中的主语保持一致，附加问句用肯定形式。
I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。
I don’t believe that he will keep his word. 我认为他不会守信的。
We don’t suppose that it is his fault, is it 我们认为那不是他的过错，是不是？
7. 复杂的特殊疑问句（又称双重疑问句）
在某些宾语从句中，宾语从句的连接代词或连接副词常被移到主句之前，构成特殊疑问形式，其结构为：特殊疑问词+do you think+宾语从句的其他部分（用陈述语序）？常见的用于此结构的动词有think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess, hope, say等。
What do you think we will do next 你认为我们下一步该怎么办？
Who do you guess is on duty today 你认为今天谁值日？
How do you say they will go to Beijing 你说他们将怎样去北京？
8. 使用宾语从句应注意的事项
①在宾语从句中连词that常省略，但在以下几种情况下不可以省略。在某些动词如agree, argue, hold, observe, remark, state等之后that习惯上不省略；形式宾语it后that不能省略；动词和that从句中间有插入成分时不能省略；介词后面有that不能省略；有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第一个that可以省略，其余的都不能省略。
He remarked that it was getting late. 他说天色渐晚了。
We hold that he is wrong. 我们认为他错了。
He made it quite clear that he preferred coffee to tea. 他很明确地说他喜欢咖啡胜过茶。
They will answer for it that the computer is reliable. 他们愿意保证这台电脑是可靠的。
They told us once again that the situation was serious. 他们又一次告诉我们说形势很严重。
The bus is empty except that there is an old lady in it.
除了有位老太太外，那辆公共汽车是空的。
I like the book in that it is more interesting. 我喜欢这本书因为它更有趣。
I think (that) he needs some help and that we should help him.
我认为他需要帮助，我们应该帮助他。
②在宾语从句中连词whether, if常可互换，但在以下几种情况下不可以互换。宾语从句为否定句时，只能用if；在介词后面时，只能用whether；紧跟or not时，只能用whether；后接不定式时，只能用whether；某些动词（discuss, doubt, leave, put）后只能用whether；宾语从句位于句首时，只能用whether；在引起歧义的情况下，应用whether。
I care if he doesn’t come. 我介意他是否不来。
I’m not sure of whether it will rain. 我不能确定天是否下雨。
I don’t care whether or not she will attend the meeting. 我根本不关心她是否参加会议。
I haven’t decided whether to go there by bus. 我还没有决定是否做公交车去那儿。
We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan. 我们讨论是否改动我们计划。
Whether he can finish the work or not, I can’t say. 他是否能完成这项工作，我说不准。
Please let me know whether you need my help. 请让我知道你是否需要我帮忙。
③在“坚持、命令、建议、要求”等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。常见的动词有：insist; order, command; advise, suggest, propose, recommend; demand, require, desire, request等。（即：一坚持二命令四建议四要求。）
He insisted that he (should) be sent to Tibet. 他坚决要求被派往西藏。
The officer ordered that the soldiers (should) start at once.
那位军官命令战士们应该马上动身。
④宾语从句的时态。当主句中的谓语是现在时或将来时时，从句中的谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态; 当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态；若从句叙述的是客观真理或事实时，从句的时态则用一般现在时。
She says that she works every day. 她说她每天工作。（从句用一般现在时）
She says that she will leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
她说明天她要动身去上海。（从句用一般将来时）
She says that she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从未去过峨眉山。（从句用现在完成时）
He said that there were no classes yesterday. 他说昨天没有课。（从句用一般过去时）
He said that he would attend a party. 他说他要参加一个聚会。（从句用过去将来时）
He said that he had never been to Yunnan. 他说他从未去过云南。（从句用过去完成时）
He said that the earth is round. 他说地球是圆的。（客观事实，从句用一般现在时）
宾语从句专练：
1) It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ he or she wants.
2) I am sure that __________ he said is true.
3) I don’t doubt __________ he’ll come.
4) This depends on __________ the weather is fine.
5) I’ve heard __________ said that Princess Harly was put into prison because of illegal behavior.
6) Everyone could see, I believe, _____________ Mike was very terrified.
7) I think that you have done your best and _____________ everything will go well.
8) I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance _____________ or not you will come.
9) We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge.
10) As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ___________ it takes to start a business here.
11) Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ___ close you may be to victory.
12) He insisted that he _________ (be) in good health and that he _________ (send) to work there.
13) The teacher told us that light __________ (travel) much faster than sound.
14) The doctor recommended that you _______________ (not swim) after eating a large meal.
15) It is requested that all members __________________ (be) present at the meeting.
(
1. whatever 2. what 3. that 4. whether 5. it 6. that 7. that 8. whether 9. what 10. what 11. how 12. was, (should) be sent 13. travels 14. (should) not swim 15. (should) be
)