单元素养培优(四) Unit 4
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese ( )(习俗) in the Spring Festival.
2. To ( ) (保证) that I can concentrate on my study, my father does whatever he can do for me.
3. As to your advertised ( ) (职位) , it ’s my pleasure to say that I am the just person you are searching for.
4. The town walls were built as a ( )(防御) against the enemy.
5. They often stay up late into the night, eating( )(零食), which is bad for their health.
6. Our school is in a central ( )(位置) within easy reach of the bus station.
7. When the waste is thrown into rivers and ( )(海洋), pollution happens.
8. We can acquire wisdom from our ( )(祖先), which we can apply to our daily life.
9. He once worked as a ( )(主要的) editor in a newspaper office.
10. I want to speak to each member of the group ( )(单独地).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. With the college entrance examination ( )(approach), some students are getting more and more nervous.
2. Mike is eager ( )(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
3. My head teacher as well as teachers of other subjects ( ) (be)patient with us.
4. I wonder how much you will charge me ( ) the six-week course.
5. ( )(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
6. Despite many years ’ learning of English, I still feel( )(puzzle) in some aspects.
7. It ( )(announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
8. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of ( )(achieve).
9. There ( )(be) large amounts of homework and a great many examinations for us students every day.
10. I have enough evidence ( ) hard work pays off.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. While you are checking the animals, ( ) for any signs of disease.
当你检查这些动物的时候, 要留意任何疾病的迹象。
2. The doctor ( ) told me that my father was recovering from his illness day by day.
负责的医生告诉我, 我爸爸正一天天地恢复。
3. Only then did I realize that it was foolish of me to ( )all of my friends.
只有那个时候我才意识到脱离我的朋友是多么的愚蠢。
4. China is rich in culture ( ) natural resources.
中国有丰富的文化和自然资源。
5. The island ( ) that country, which ( ) the mainland by a bridge.
这座岛属于那个国家, 它通过一座桥与大陆连接在一起。
6.( ) you should do some sports every day.
你应该每天做些运动, 这很重要。
7. I would like to ( ) at the weekend.
我想在周末(找人)打扫一下房间。
Ⅳ. 用过去分词完成下列句子
1. The mountain village ( )(surround)by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.
2. The scientist attended the meeting ( )(hold) in the Great Hall of the People.
3. Tsinghua University, ( )(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4. With all the tasks( )(finish) ahead of time, he decided to set out on his travel.
5. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ( )(remind ) of his own dreams.
6. Claire had her luggage ( )(check) an hour before her plane left.
7. So far, about 40 houses have fallen down under the weight of the snow, with 22 people ( )(injure).
8. (2021·八省联考模拟)Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and ( ) (satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
9. The ( )(surprise) expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the matter.
10. You ’d better have your body ( )(examine) if you are free.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·芜湖高一检测)
Arriving at London Gatwick
Distance from Central London: 28 miles/45km
For travel information call: +44(0)870 000 24 68
How to get to the city centre
By train
The Gatwick Express goes from Gatwick Airport to London Victoria train and underground station in Central London.
Trains go every 15 minutes and the journey to Central London takes half an hour.
First Class tickets cost ￡25(single), ￡48(return).
Express Class costs ￡17(single), ￡29(return).
Southern Trains services run four times an hour to Victoria with a journey time of around 35 minutes.
By taxi
There are taxis outside the airport day and night. The journey to Central London takes 55-70 minutes. A London taxi takes up to 5 people.
The average cost from the airport to Central London is ￡75- ￡100.
By car
Gatwick Airport is 28 miles(45 km) south of London. There are 4 car parks next to the airport and there are car rental offices open from 8: 00 to 18: 00. The journey to London takes 60-75 minutes.
All cars pay a special ￡8 charge to go into Central London.
By bus
National Express and EasyBus have services to Central London. EasyBus services go every 20 minutes. The journey takes one hour and costs ￡2.
There is one National Express bus an hour. The journey takes 90 minutes and costs ￡7. 60.
1. Which of the following is the slowest
A. Taking a taxi. B. Taking a train.
C. Taking a bus. D. Driving a car.
2. Which of the following is NOT true
A. People can take taxis at any time.
B. People can rent cars at any time.
C. EasyBus goes three times an hour.
D. Drivers can find places to park their cars near the airport.
3. If a person has ￡25, he can buy the following EXCEPT .
A. a single ticket of First Class
B. a ticket of National Express
C. a ticket of EasyBus
D. a return ticket of Express Class
B
I don ’t think I can recall a time when I wasn ’t aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.
For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁). There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral (珊瑚). They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only 1 percent of Australia ’s Coral Sea was protected, I was shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45% of the world ’s reefs are considered healthy. If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing, there would certainly be more and more marine disasters happening before our eyes, causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home.
The situation of ocean protection against disasters is serious, so it ’s important for us to do everything to protect them. The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system (生态系统) has led me to take action. I ’ve become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean ’s species will all have a safe place forever.
Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be a part of the movement. Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.
4. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can learn the author________.
A. seldom went surfing at the sea
B. forgot his experiences about the ocean
C. never went back to his hometown
D. had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay
5. According to the second paragraph, Australian marine life________.
A. is escaping from the Coral Sea gradually
B. depends on reefs for living greatly
C. may be faced with danger
D. is protected better than that in other oceans
6. The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to________.
A. contribute to a complete eco-system
B. prevent more marine species from being endangered
C. set up a large nature reserve for reefs
D. raise more teenagers ’ environmental awareness
7. Angus and the author created a little video to________.
A. encourage more people to take action to protect the marine species
B. inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean
C. share their childhood experiences about the ocean
D. bring back to people their memory of ocean species
【阅读多维训练】
1. 句式仿写
(1)Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side.
仿写: ( ) all day, Tim would like to have a relaxing walk in the park after work.
在办公室工作了一整天, 蒂姆下班后想到公园放松地散散步。
(2)The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system has led me to take action.
仿写: We are excited to hear ( ) in the research.
听到科学家们在这项研究上已取得重大突破的消息, 我们都很兴奋。
(3)It would serve as a place where the ocean ’s species will all have a safe place forever.
仿写: We want to find a place ( ).
我们想找一个可以安静地读书的地方。
2. 长难句分析
If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing, there would certainly be more and more marine disasters happening before our eyes, causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home.
译文: 如果我们继续像现在这样对待海洋, 肯定会有越来越多的海洋灾难在我们眼前发生, 不仅仅导致大量的海洋生物死亡而且损害我们唯一的家园地球的健康。
分析: If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing为条件状语从句, 其中 ( )为 we continued dealing with the ocean的方式状语从句; 主句中的 ( ) 为marine disasters的定语, 表示主动关系; causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home为现在分词结构作结果状语; ( ). 连接并列结构作cause 的宾语, 其中our only home为 ( )的同位语。
Ⅵ. 阅读填句
Thanks to world-famous Colombian writer Garcia Marquez, many people think of Latin America as a land of magic. In his books, impossible things happen.
1 It may come from the mix of different cultures and ethnicities in Latin America. Although some of these differences have caused conflicts, they have also been a source of beauty, as well as encouraged people in Latin America to be more open-minded.
Latin America includes more than 30 countries and areas located south of the United States in the American continent. From north to south, it starts from Mexico in North America, goes through the Caribbean and ends at the southernmost tip of South America.
2 People can enjoy sunshine in the Caribbean islands, ride horses on the green grasslands of the Pampas, and explore volcanoes and snow-capped mountains in the Andes. It even has the world ’s biggest rainforest—the Amazon. Many of the world ’s most unique plants and animals live there.
There is also diverse mix of people in Latin America. 3 In countries like Mexico and Columbia, over half of the population is of mixed ethnicity. However, most of them speak the same languages—Spanish or Portuguese.
4 Latin American people have created the samba, rumba, cha cha and tango. These dance styles require dancers to hold each other closely and move passionately. 5
Latin America is an open and romantic place. Its impressive natural environment, historical contributions and cultural traditions have made it unique and influential.
A. It has natives, Africans and Europeans.
B. Latin America ’s environment is quite diverse.
C. Where does the magic in his books come from
D. They are cheerful and can bring strangers together.
E. Many people in Latin America have open and romantic hearts.
F. The music and dance of Latin America are quite well-known.
G. To most people, Latin America is a land of happiness and passion.
Ⅶ. 完形填空
(2021·长春高一检测)
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.
—Eleanor Roosevelt
My hometown was a place of great beauty and agricultural richness, as well as a place of war and natural disasters. When I was only fourteen years old, I was filled with 1 in spite of the terrible surroundings. The families living here, who tried to make their living from the land, 2 great losses. I felt sorry especially for the children, but I 3 to be hopeless. I decided wherever I was, I would do 4 to help them. I began knocking on every door and saying to each person who 5 the door, “I know that you are 6 and give the birds that come to your yard a little 7 . Please consider me your bird. Give me only a handful of rice each week when I come to your 8 . I will take it to the place where it can be given to the 9 children. ”
No one seemed to 10 giving me a handful of rice, even when they had little themselves. On Sunday, I would 11 my handfuls of rice to the children.
One day, I came to a house where an old lady lived. I told my story and asked if I could be her bird. The woman called her daughters, and 12 gave me fifty cents, as well as a handful of rice! I began to 13 change and rice from other “bird feeders”, and they gave them to me. Everyone was 14 to help those who were suffering, even only in this small way. “Consider me your bird. ”
My childish idea didn ’t stop the war, but anyway, it was 15 some peace.
1. A. sadness B. hope
C. comfort D. kindness
2. A. suffered B. survived
C. covered D. made
3. A. wanted B. failed C. refused D. stopped
4. A. something B. everything
C. anything D. nothing
5. A. locked B. replied
C. shut D. answered
6. A. wise B. kind C. rich D. poor
7. A. soil B. water C. stone D. rice
8. A. country B. room
C. door D. garden
9. A. brave B. hungry
C. promising D. nervous
10. A. mind B. consider C. avoid D. enjoy
11. A. clear away B. put away
C. sweep away D. give away
12. A. every B. each C. neither D. none
13. A. apply for B. pay for
C. ask for D. search for
14. A. glad B. sad C. upset D. worried
15. A. creating B. mending
C. disturbing D. managing
Ⅷ. 语法填空
The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Wales was linked 1.________ England in the 13th century. In the 17th century England and Wales were joined to Scotland, 2.________ (form) Great Britain.
They were united in 3.________ peaceful way. The southern part of Ireland was unwilling to join the English government and broke away to found its own government.
England is the 4.________ (large) of the four countries and for convenience it is divided 5.________ (rough) into three zones: the South of England, the Midlands and the North. Most of the population lives in the south, but most of the industrial cities 6.________ (locate) in the Midlands and the North. It is a pity that the industrial cities which were constructed in the nineteenth century do not attract 7.________ (visit).
London is the capital city with great historical treasures, 8.________ is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port, building and castle 9.________ (build) by the invaders. Without the historical evidence, we 10._______ (will) not be able to learn more about the history and culture of the UK.
PAGE
13单元素养培优(四) Unit 4
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese customs(习俗) in the Spring Festival.
2. To ensure (保证) that I can concentrate on my study, my father does whatever he can do for me.
3. As to your advertised position (职位) , it ’s my pleasure to say that I am the just person you are searching for.
4. The town walls were built as a defence(防御) against the enemy.
5. They often stay up late into the night, eating snacks(零食), which is bad for their health.
6. Our school is in a central location(位置) within easy reach of the bus station.
7. When the waste is thrown into rivers and oceans(海洋), pollution happens.
8. We can acquire wisdom from our ancestors(祖先), which we can apply to our daily life.
9. He once worked as a chief(主要的) editor in a newspaper office.
10. I want to speak to each member of the group individually(单独地).
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. With the college entrance examination approaching (approach), some students are getting more and more nervous.
2. Mike is eager to stay(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
3. My head teacher as well as teachers of other subjects is/was (be)patient with us.
4. I wonder how much you will charge me for the six-week course.
5. Surrounded(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
6. Despite many years ’ learning of English, I still feel puzzled(puzzle) in some aspects.
7. It is announced(announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
8. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement(achieve).
9. There are(be) large amounts of homework and a great many examinations for us students every day.
10. I have enough evidence that hard work pays off.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. While you are checking the animals, keep your eyes open for any signs of disease.
当你检查这些动物的时候, 要留意任何疾病的迹象。
2. The doctor in charge told me that my father was recovering from his illness day by day.
负责的医生告诉我, 我爸爸正一天天地恢复。
3. Only then did I realize that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends.
只有那个时候我才意识到脱离我的朋友是多么的愚蠢。
4. China is rich in culture as well as natural resources.
中国有丰富的文化和自然资源。
5. The island belongs to that country, which is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
这座岛属于那个国家, 它通过一座桥与大陆连接在一起。
6. It is important that you should do some sports every day.
你应该每天做些运动, 这很重要。
7. I would like to have my room cleaned at the weekend.
我想在周末(找人)打扫一下房间。
Ⅳ. 用过去分词完成下列句子
1. The mountain village surrounded(surround)by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.
2. The scientist attended the meeting held(hold) in the Great Hall of the People.
3. Tsinghua University, founded(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4. With all the tasks finished(finish) ahead of time, he decided to set out on his travel.
5. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind ) of his own dreams.
6. Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hour before her plane left.
7. So far, about 40 houses have fallen down under the weight of the snow, with 22 people injured(injure).
8. (2021·八省联考模拟)Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and satisfied (satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
9. The surprised(surprise) expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the matter.
10. You ’d better have your body examined(examine) if you are free.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·芜湖高一检测)
Arriving at London Gatwick
Distance from Central London: 28 miles/45km
For travel information call: +44(0)870 000 24 68
How to get to the city centre
By train
The Gatwick Express goes from Gatwick Airport to London Victoria train and underground station in Central London.
Trains go every 15 minutes and the journey to Central London takes half an hour.
First Class tickets cost ￡25(single), ￡48(return).
Express Class costs ￡17(single), ￡29(return).
Southern Trains services run four times an hour to Victoria with a journey time of around 35 minutes.
By taxi
There are taxis outside the airport day and night. The journey to Central London takes 55-70 minutes. A London taxi takes up to 5 people.
The average cost from the airport to Central London is ￡75- ￡100.
By car
Gatwick Airport is 28 miles(45 km) south of London. There are 4 car parks next to the airport and there are car rental offices open from 8: 00 to 18: 00. The journey to London takes 60-75 minutes.
All cars pay a special ￡8 charge to go into Central London.
By bus
National Express and EasyBus have services to Central London. EasyBus services go every 20 minutes. The journey takes one hour and costs ￡2.
There is one National Express bus an hour. The journey takes 90 minutes and costs ￡7. 60.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章为来伦敦旅游的人介绍了从Gatwick机场到伦敦市中心的几种交通方式, 介绍了每种交通方式的票价、耗费时间等信息。
1. Which of the following is the slowest
A. Taking a taxi. B. Taking a train.
C. Taking a bus. D. Driving a car.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据By bus部分中“The journey takes 90 minutes and costs ￡7. 60. (全程90分钟, 费用为7. 60英镑)”由此可知, 坐公交车是最慢的。故选C。
2. Which of the following is NOT true
A. People can take taxis at any time.
B. People can rent cars at any time.
C. EasyBus goes three times an hour.
D. Drivers can find places to park their cars near the airport.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据By car部分中“there are car rental offices open from 8: 00 to 18: 00. ”可知机场旁边有租车处, 营业时间为8: 00到18: 00。由此可知, B选项“人们可以随时租车”不正确。故选B。
3. If a person has ￡25, he can buy the following EXCEPT .
A. a single ticket of First Class
B. a ticket of National Express
C. a ticket of EasyBus
D. a return ticket of Express Class
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据By train部分中“Express Class costs ￡17(single), ￡29(return). ”可知特快车单程票价17英镑, 往返票价29英镑。由此可知, 如果一个人有25英镑, 他买不到一张特快车的往返票。故选D。
B
I don ’t think I can recall a time when I wasn ’t aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.
For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁). There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral (珊瑚). They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only 1 percent of Australia ’s Coral Sea was protected, I was shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45% of the world ’s reefs are considered healthy. If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing, there would certainly be more and more marine disasters happening before our eyes, causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home.
The situation of ocean protection against disasters is serious, so it ’s important for us to do everything to protect them. The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system (生态系统) has led me to take action. I ’ve become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean ’s species will all have a safe place forever.
Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be a part of the movement. Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物面临的危机以及作者为此所做的一些努力。
4. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can learn the author________.
A. seldom went surfing at the sea
B. forgot his experiences about the ocean
C. never went back to his hometown
D. had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句可知, 作者认为大海很美, 自己很幸运能经常看到海, 故画线句应是对半月湾的赞美。故选D。
5. According to the second paragraph, Australian marine life________.
A. is escaping from the Coral Sea gradually
B. depends on reefs for living greatly
C. may be faced with danger
D. is protected better than that in other oceans
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知, 澳大利亚的海洋生物可能面临危险。故选C。
6. The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to________.
A. contribute to a complete eco-system
B. prevent more marine species from being endangered
C. set up a large nature reserve for reefs
D. raise more teenagers ’ environmental awareness
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可推知, 这项活动的目的是创造一个为海洋生物提供永久安全的地方, 阻止更多的海洋物种灭绝。故选B。
7. Angus and the author created a little video to________.
A. encourage more people to take action to protect the marine species
B. inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean
C. share their childhood experiences about the ocean
D. bring back to people their memory of ocean species
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知, 拍摄小视频是为了鼓励人们去采取行动保护海洋生物。故选A。
【阅读多维训练】
1. 句式仿写
(1)Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side.
仿写: Working in the office all day, Tim would like to have a relaxing walk in the park after work.
在办公室工作了一整天, 蒂姆下班后想到公园放松地散散步。
(2)The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system has led me to take action.
仿写: We are excited to hear the news that the scientists have made a great breakthrough in the research.
听到科学家们在这项研究上已取得重大突破的消息, 我们都很兴奋。
(3)It would serve as a place where the ocean ’s species will all have a safe place forever.
仿写: We want to find a place where we can read books quietly.
我们想找一个可以安静地读书的地方。
2. 长难句分析
If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing, there would certainly be more and more marine disasters happening before our eyes, causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home.
译文: 如果我们继续像现在这样对待海洋, 肯定会有越来越多的海洋灾难在我们眼前发生, 不仅仅导致大量的海洋生物死亡而且损害我们唯一的家园地球的健康。
分析: If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing为条件状语从句, 其中 as we are doing为 we continued dealing with the ocean的方式状语从句; 主句中的 happening before our eyes 为marine disasters的定语, 表示主动关系; causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home为现在分词结构作结果状语; not only. . . but also. . . 连接并列结构作cause 的宾语, 其中our only home为 the earth的同位语。
Ⅵ. 阅读填句
Thanks to world-famous Colombian writer Garcia Marquez, many people think of Latin America as a land of magic. In his books, impossible things happen.
1 It may come from the mix of different cultures and ethnicities in Latin America. Although some of these differences have caused conflicts, they have also been a source of beauty, as well as encouraged people in Latin America to be more open-minded.
Latin America includes more than 30 countries and areas located south of the United States in the American continent. From north to south, it starts from Mexico in North America, goes through the Caribbean and ends at the southernmost tip of South America.
2 People can enjoy sunshine in the Caribbean islands, ride horses on the green grasslands of the Pampas, and explore volcanoes and snow-capped mountains in the Andes. It even has the world ’s biggest rainforest—the Amazon. Many of the world ’s most unique plants and animals live there.
There is also diverse mix of people in Latin America. 3 In countries like Mexico and Columbia, over half of the population is of mixed ethnicity. However, most of them speak the same languages—Spanish or Portuguese.
4 Latin American people have created the samba, rumba, cha cha and tango. These dance styles require dancers to hold each other closely and move passionately. 5
Latin America is an open and romantic place. Its impressive natural environment, historical contributions and cultural traditions have made it unique and influential.
A. It has natives, Africans and Europeans.
B. Latin America ’s environment is quite diverse.
C. Where does the magic in his books come from
D. They are cheerful and can bring strangers together.
E. Many people in Latin America have open and romantic hearts.
F. The music and dance of Latin America are quite well-known.
G. To most people, Latin America is a land of happiness and passion.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍拉丁美洲的有关事宜, 如拉丁美洲多样化的环境、各种各样的人种、拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈等。
1. 【解析】选C。根据空后一句可知, 它可能来自拉丁美洲不同文化和种族的混合。由此可推知, 本句是在提问他书中的魔法是从哪里来的。C选项“他书中的魔法是从哪里来的 ”符合上下文语境, 故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。根据空后一句可知, 人们可以在加勒比群岛享受阳光, 在潘帕斯草原上骑马, 在安第斯山脉探索火山和积雪覆盖的山脉。由此可知拉丁美洲的地理环境是非常多样化的。B选项“拉丁美洲的环境非常多样化”符合上下文语境, 故选B。
3. 【解析】选A。结合上一句可知, 拉丁美洲也有各种各样的人。由此可推知, 本句应当承接上文列举拉丁美洲有哪些人种。A选项“有当地人, 非洲人和欧洲人”符合上下文语境, 故选A。
4. 【解析】选F。根据后两句可知, 拉丁美洲人创造了桑巴、伦巴、恰恰和探戈。这些舞蹈风格要求舞者紧紧地抱在一起, 并充满激情地舞动。由此可知, 本句是在说明拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈非常有名。后文中dance可对应到F选项中的 dance。F选项“拉丁美洲的音乐和舞蹈非常有名”符合上下文语境, 故选F。
5. 【解析】选D。结合空前一句可知, 这种舞蹈风格要求舞者紧紧地抱在一起, 并充满激情地舞动。由此可知, 拉丁美洲的舞蹈都非常欢快, 能将人们聚在一起, 充满激情地舞动。D选项“它们非常欢快, 能把陌生人拉到一起”符合上下文语境, 故选D。
Ⅶ. 完形填空
(2021·长春高一检测)
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.
—Eleanor Roosevelt
My hometown was a place of great beauty and agricultural richness, as well as a place of war and natural disasters. When I was only fourteen years old, I was filled with 1 in spite of the terrible surroundings. The families living here, who tried to make their living from the land, 2 great losses. I felt sorry especially for the children, but I 3 to be hopeless. I decided wherever I was, I would do 4 to help them. I began knocking on every door and saying to each person who 5 the door, “I know that you are 6 and give the birds that come to your yard a little 7 . Please consider me your bird. Give me only a handful of rice each week when I come to your 8 . I will take it to the place where it can be given to the 9 children. ”
No one seemed to 10 giving me a handful of rice, even when they had little themselves. On Sunday, I would 11 my handfuls of rice to the children.
One day, I came to a house where an old lady lived. I told my story and asked if I could be her bird. The woman called her daughters, and 12 gave me fifty cents, as well as a handful of rice! I began to 13 change and rice from other “bird feeders”, and they gave them to me. Everyone was 14 to help those who were suffering, even only in this small way. “Consider me your bird. ”
My childish idea didn ’t stop the war, but anyway, it was 15 some peace.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。作者讲述自己在家乡为饱受战争和自然灾害困扰的孩子所做的一件善举, 借此至少能在一定程度上减少战争带来的灾难, 并且创造出一种和平。
1. A. sadness B. hope
C. comfort D. kindness
【解析】选B。句意: 当我只有14岁的时候, 尽管周围的环境很糟糕, 我却充满了希望。sadness难过; hope希望; comfort安慰; kindness善良。由下文讲述的故事和“I felt sorry especially for the children, but I________to be hopeless”, 可知作者充满希望, 故选B。
2. A. suffered B. survived
C. covered D. made
【解析】选A。句意: 居住在这里的那些试图靠土地谋生的家庭遭受了惨重的损失。根据本段第一句“(我的家乡是一个非常美丽、农业发达的地方, 同时也是一个充满战争和自然灾害的地方。). ”可知这里的家庭“遭受了”战争和自然灾害造成的巨大损失, 故选A。
3. A. wanted B. failed C. refused D. stopped
【解析】选C。句意: 我特别为孩子们感到难过, 但我拒绝绝望。根据上文可知, 尽管周围的环境很糟糕, 作者却充满了希望, 因此“拒绝绝望”。故选C。
4. A. something B. everything
C. anything D. nothing
【解析】选A。句意: 我决定无论我在哪里, 我都要做些事情来帮助他们。在肯定句中表示“一些事情”用something。故选A。
5. A. locked B. replied
C. shut D. answered
【解析】选D。根据上文的“I began knocking on every door ”可知, 此处是指作者去敲门, 然后别人开门, answer the door意为“应声开门”, 为固定用法。故选D。
6. A. wise B. kind C. rich D. poor
【解析】选B。根据“and give the birds that come to your yard a little ”可知, “给来到你院子里的鸟儿一些米”是“善良的”人的举动, 故选B。
7. A. soil B. water C. stone D. rice
【解析】选D。根据下文“Give me only a handful of rice. . . ”可知, 作者请求人们施舍一点米, rice为原词复现。故选D。
8. A. country B. room
C. door D. garden
【解析】选C。句意: 每周我到你门前的时候, 只给我一把米。根据上文“I began knocking on every door and. . . ”可知, 作者每周去敲门索要一把米, 故选C。
9. A. brave B. hungry
C. promising D. nervous
【解析】选B。根据上文“ as well as a place of war and natural disasters. ”可知, 此处是指自然灾害导致收成不好, 作者是把要来的东西送给那些饥饿的孩子。故选B。
10. A. mind B. consider C. avoid D. enjoy
【解析】选A。句意: 似乎没有人介意给我一把米, 即使他们自己没有多少。根据下文的“even when they had little themselves. ”可知, 尽管自己都没有富余的, 但没有人介意作者的请求, 故选A。
11. A. clear away B. put away
C. sweep away D. give away
【解析】选D。根据上文“I will take it to the place where it can be given to the children. ”可知, 作者把募集来的米分给(give away)孩子们, 故选D。
12. A. every B. each C. neither D. none
【解析】选B。句意: 女士叫来她的女儿们, 每个人给了我五十分和一把米。由语境可知, 每一个孩子都给了作者东西。every不能单独作主语, 但each可以充当主语, 故选B。
13. A. apply for B. pay for
C. ask for D. search for
【解析】选C。句意: 我开始向其他“喂鸟人”要零钱和米, 他们都给了我。根据下文“and they gave them to me. ( 他们都给了我)”可知作者向他们“要”零钱和米, 故选C。
14. A. glad B. sad C. upset D. worried
【解析】选A。句意: 每个人都很乐意帮助那些受苦的人, 即使只是这么小的帮助。“就当我是你的鸟儿吧。”由上文“No one seemed to giving me a handful of rice, even when they had little themselves. ”可知, 人们都乐意帮助那些受苦的人, 故选A。
15. A. creating B. mending
C. disturbing D. managing
【解析】选A。作者孩童般的、稚气的想法不能够阻止战争, 但是它至少能在一定程度上减少战争带来的灾难, 并且创造出一种和平。故选A。
Ⅷ. 语法填空
The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Wales was linked 1.________ England in the 13th century. In the 17th century England and Wales were joined to Scotland, 2.________ (form) Great Britain.
They were united in 3.________ peaceful way. The southern part of Ireland was unwilling to join the English government and broke away to found its own government.
England is the 4.________ (large) of the four countries and for convenience it is divided 5.________ (rough) into three zones: the South of England, the Midlands and the North. Most of the population lives in the south, but most of the industrial cities 6.________ (locate) in the Midlands and the North. It is a pity that the industrial cities which were constructed in the nineteenth century do not attract 7.________ (visit).
London is the capital city with great historical treasures, 8.________ is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port, building and castle 9.________ (build) by the invaders. Without the historical evidence, we 10._______ (will) not be able to learn more about the history and culture of the UK.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的四大部分, 英格兰, 苏格兰, 威尔士和北爱尔兰, 以及英国的首都——伦敦。
1. 【解析】to。考查介词。句意: 在十三世纪, 威尔士与英格兰连接在一起。此处考查短语be linked to与……连接在一起。故填to。
2. 【解析】forming。考查现在分词作状语。此处为结果状语, 英格兰和威尔士与苏格兰结合的结果是形成了英国, 并且这是一个自然的结果。故填forming。
3. 【解析】a。考查固定用法。句意: 它们以和平的方式联合在一起。in a . . . way以一种……方式。
4. 【解析】largest。考查最高级。英格兰是这四个组成部分中最大的一个。根据句意可知此处应用最高级。故填largest。
5. 【解析】roughly。考查副词。此处为副词修饰动词be divided, roughly大体地, 粗略地。故填roughly。
6. 【解析】are located。考查被动语态。句意: 大部分的工业城市坐落于中部地带和北方地区。此处考查短语be located in坐落于, 位于。故填are located。
7. 【解析】visitors。考查名词复数。visitor为可数名词, 结合语境可知此处应用名词复数。故填visitors。
8. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词London, 且从句中缺主语, 故应用关系代词which。故填which。
9. 【解析】built。考查过去分词作定语。分析句子结构可知,________ by the invaders作定语, 且castle与build构成动宾关系, 故用过去分词作定语。故填built。
10. 【解析】would。考查虚拟语气。此处考查含蓄虚拟条件句对现在或将来的虚拟, 其结构为: without/but for+名词, sb. /sth. would do sth. 。故填would。
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