高考英语二轮复习题型专题课件之短文改错(共91张PPT)
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习题型专题课件之短文改错(共91张PPT) |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-05-19 09:19:22 | ||
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(共91张PPT)
高三二轮复习专题
短文改错
考点1·名词和冠词
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我喜欢做家务活。饭后， 我总是帮助父母洗碗。
(2)根据语法知识分析：名词单复数误用。短语do the dishes意为“洗碗”。
自主解答：________________
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假了。
(2)根据语法知识分析：summer vacation“暑假”，是单数概念。
自主解答：________________
dish→dishes
vacations→vacation
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]Any creative ideas which is about school life is warmly welcomed.________________
2．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]My mom is really concerned with the health of everyone in our families. ________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]I will open more.I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.________________
4．[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]When I was little，Friday's night was our family game night.________________
ideas→idea
families→family
city→cities
Friday's→Friday
5．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.________________
6．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.________________
7．[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.________________
8．[2021·江西省质量监测]Only by tasting failure can we enjoy fruit of success.________________
the→a
an→a
第一个a→an/one
enjoy后加the
【技法点金】
1．理清单复数使用情况
(1)单个名词和不可数的名词要用单数。
(2)多个可数的名词要用复数。
2．牢记雷打不动的十大不可数名词
advice，news，information，progress，work，fun，weather，music，health，luck。
3．三类位置后常用名词
(1)冠词后常用名词。
(2)介词后常用名词。
(3)形容词性物主代词后常用名词。
4．关注冠词的考查重点
(1)a和an，表达数量或者泛指任何一个。a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前。
(2)若对于某个名词有明指或暗示的情况，前面要加the。
(3)若某名词是复数、专有名词或抽象名词、物质名词(没有固定性状)，前面不适合加冠词，应把该位置空下来，形成“零冠词”。
(4)固定搭配中的冠词需要牢记。
考点2·介词和数词
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]In my opinion，students can benefit a lot doing some housework.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：在我看来，学生做一些家务可以受益很多。
(2)考查介词的缺失。benefit from/ by doing sth. 为固定搭配， 意为“得益于(做)某事”。
自主解答：________________
benefit后加from/ by
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]I'm glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我很高兴知道你已经来到中国， 在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫。
(2)搭配识记：come to＋地点名词，表示“来到某地”。
自主解答：________________
come后加to
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]You can also choose to make changes in famous dramas to enter into the competition.________________
2．[2021·新乡市第三次模拟]There I found many people waiting their orders to be checked out.________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]When I studied chemistry high school，I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor.________________
4．[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]They would say to me that playing card games would help my brain.Still I was unwilling to play the game for them sometimes.________________
5．[2021·太原一模]After graduating from high school，I'm going to be a computer programmer，which I think is on great demand in the modern world.________________
去掉into
waiting后加for
在high前面加in/at
for→with
on→in
6．[2021·吉林市第三次调研]Without hesitation，I，under the help of Tom and Mary，carried her on my back to the clinic.________________
7．[2021·河北省邯郸市高三第二次模拟]I remember clearly that when I was on my eighteen birthday, my father gave me a present—a picture book._________________
8．[2021·赣州市模拟]In order to celebrate the eighty anniversary of the founding of our school, a big celebration was held in our school last Sunday.________________
under→with
eighteen→eighteenth
eighty→eightieth
【技法点金】
1．关注介词遗漏
①不及物动词后需要加介词才能加宾语。
②作定语的不定式中动词如果是不及物动词，或不定式修饰的名词和代词是不定式动词的地点、工具等，不定式后要有相应的介词。
2．明辨介词多余
①及物动词后无需加介词再加宾语。
②this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each等词构成的时间短语，前面不用任何介词。
3．牢记相似介词的区别
in, on, at的区别：表示时间时，in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后)，on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等，at表示具体的时刻。
4．识别序数词与基数词的混用和错用
“只描述数量多少的”用基数词；“强调顺序性，作第几”讲的时候用序数词。
5．注意年龄、年代的表达法
表达“在某人几十岁时”用“in one's＋逢十的基数词复数”；表达“在几十年代”时，用“in the＋逢十的基数词复数”。
考点3·谓语动词误用
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]Also，it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：此外，这给了父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情，这改善了家庭关系。
(2)谓语动词的误用。分析句子结构可知， what引导宾语从句， 句中的like作动词， 意为“喜欢”，故are多余。
自主解答：________________
去掉are
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practice.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：实际上，我从七岁就开始学功夫了，但我已经很长时间没练习了。
(2)根据分析可知，本句考查谓语动词时态错误。由“when I was seven years old”可确定该句谓语动词应该为一般过去时态。
自主解答：________________
start→started
【过关检测】
1．[2021·黑龙江省大庆市5月联考]John went shopping in a store, but he forgot to bring a bag. So he buys a shopping bag.________________
2．[2021·黑龙江省大庆市5月联考]However, one day, I forget to wear one when I was heading for a vital exam.________________
3．[2021·黑龙江省大庆市5月联考]It not only brings us pleasure but reduce waste around us.________________
4．[2021·江西省高三教学质量监测]We have both achieved success and suffer from failure, but different students has different attitudes towards failure._________________________
buys→bought
forget→forgot
reduce→reduces
suffer→suffered has→have
5．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]There is another thing that should be keep in mind.________________
6．[2021·马鞍山第三次监测]After getting our tools, we were dividing into different teams.________________
7．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]An English drama competition would be held in the school art hall next Friday.________________
8．[2021·九江市二模]Usually, sitting around the table, all members of a family has meals together at meal time.________________
keep→kept
dividing→divided
would→will
has→have
【技法点金】
1．识别时态不一致
文章前后是现在式但却用了过去式，或前后都是过去式却用了现在式，导致时态不一致。
2．判断并列不一致
在平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常是一致的。关键的问题是看and，or等后的动词与前面的哪个动词并列，一定要理解，辨别清楚。
3．留心语态错误
(1)构成被动语态的过去分词写成了一般过去式或现在分词。
(2)主动语态中却多了be以及be的变形，变成了被动语态。
4．注意主谓不一致情况
主语是单数形式，谓语却采取复数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语却采取单数形式，导致主谓不一致的情况。
5．牢记情态动词用法
(1)情态动词后一定要接动词原形，但却用了过去或其他形式。
(2)情态动词相互间的误用。
考点4·非谓语动词形式错误
考点4 非谓语动词形式错误
[典例1] [2021·全国卷甲] Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：他们的回答也表明他们不喜欢和别人说话。
(2)非谓语动词的误用。dislike doing sth.为固定搭配， 意为“不喜欢做某事”。
自主解答：________________
talk→talking
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]I tell my mom that if we're forced eat things, we may become ill.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我对妈妈说如果我们被强迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。
(2)根据固定搭配解题：be forced to do sth.“被迫做某事”。
自主解答：________________
eat前加to
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]It is rewarding take your time to prepare for the competition.________________
2．[2021·江西省重点中学协作体第二次联考]Please let me to know when you will be free and I will buy the tickets in advance._____________
3．[2021·南昌二模]To solve the problem, I forced myself to reading every paragraph with patience, trying to follow the plot._______________
4．[2021·成都七中热身考试]They watched him with interest, laughed loudly.________________
take前加to
去掉know前to
reading→read
laughed→laughing
5．[2021·宿州市质量检测]As far as I'm concerned, the activity gets us to know about the university and inspiring us to work hard._____________
6．[2021·焦作市三模]When I opened the door, my mother seemed to feel a little embarrassing._______________________
7．[2021·哈尔滨市第三中学第四次模拟]Felt extremely guilty, I really hope you will accept my sincere apology.________________
8．[2021·江西省高三教学质量监测]They find out the causes so that they will avoid made the same mistake.________________
9．[2021·焦作市第四次模拟]I had a ticket to a show I couldn't attend any longer. I was trying to sell it, but I was having a hard time find someone who would pay the full price.________________
10．[2021·贵州省适应性测试]I think work for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting.________________
inspiring→inspires
embarrassing→embarrassed
Felt→Feeling
made→making
find→finding
work→working
【技法点金】
1．理清to的两种命题方式
①多余：感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
②缺失：有些动词，如want, decide, plan等后应接带to的不定式作宾语。
2．辨清非谓语动词与谓语动词
句中已有谓语动词，且另一动词不作并列谓语，则只能用非谓语动词。
3．搞清动词ing形式与动词ed形式的区别
动词ing形式表主动、进行；动词ed 形式表被动、完成；动词ing形式转化的形容词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物；而动词ed形式转化的形容词表示“感到……的”，常修饰人。
4．掌握介词标志
介词后一般需要跟名词或动词ing形式。
5．注意主语或宾语形式
主语或宾语常常使用动词ing形式或不定式。
6．明晰介词to与不定式符号to的用法区别
介词to后接名词、代词或数词，构成介词短语；不定式符号to后接动词原形，构成不定式短语。
考点5·形容词和副词误用
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]What's more，doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：更重要的是，做家务是一种从学习中精神放松的形式。
(2)形容词副词的误用。此处应用形容词mental修饰名词relaxation。
自主解答：________________
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]I'm surely you'll have a good time.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我确信你会玩得很开心。
(2)语境分析：系动词be后跟形容词作表语。
自主解答：________________
mentally→mental
surely→sure
【过关检测】
1．[2021·安徽 “五校联盟”第二次联考]When she had finished, she proud put her cake into the oven to cook.________________
2．[2021·南昌二模]It provides me with knowledge, and convinces me entire that being alone is not lonely.________________
3．[2021·广西4月模拟]Now I've changed a lot. I have become an energy and positive girl.________________
4．[2021·江西省质量监测]What's worse, some even lose heart and no longer study as harder as before.________________
proud→proudly
entire→entirely
energy→energetic
harder→hard
5．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor._______________
6．[2021·焦作市三模]The other day, I went home so lately that my mother couldn't afford to wait me any longer.________________
7．[2021·高三“五校联盟”第二次联考]About ten minutes late, we smelt something burning.________________
8．[2021·马鞍山市第三次质量监测]It's a famous park in Ma'anshan. Therefore, some of its visitors leave garbage behind.________________
去掉more
lately→late
late→later
Therefore→However
【技法点金】
1．明辨词性误用
副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，在句中作状语。
2．理清比较级、最高级的误用
①原级和比较级混用。
②比较级和最高级混用。
③在本身已是比较级形式的基础上误加more。
④在没有最高级的词前误加most。
3．关注形近词误用
hard意为“刻苦地，猛烈地”，hardly意为“几乎不，几乎没有”；beside意为“在……旁边”，besides意为“另外”。
4．看清重点连接副词误用
however主要用于转折或对比，意思是“然而，可是，但是”；therefore主要表示结果，意思是“因此，所以”。
Test 1
[2021·昆明市“三诊一模”质量检测] October 12th was big day for my team and me. We take part in a basketball tournament for senior students in Lancaster County. Some players were absent because he had to take exams. What was worse, there were no substitutes. The team what we played against was last year's top one. As a striker, I played hardly. Later, I had little energy than before and got injured because of I fell down. During the pause, the coach told us to “play with effort but wisdom”. Then, I saved my strength and looked for good chances to scoring more goals. Finally, I scored another four point and was named the “most valuable player”．
答案与解析：
October 12th was big day for my team and me. We part in a basketball tournament for senior students in Lancaster County. Some players were absent because had to take exams. What was worse, there were no substitutes. The team /what we played against was last year's top one. As a striker, I played .
Later. I had energy than before and got injured because I fell down. During the pause, the coach told us to “play with effort wisdom”. Then, I saved my strength and looked for good chances scoring / to more goals. Finally, I scored another four and was named the “most valuable player”．
①was与big之间加a 冠词漏用。day意为“一天”时为可数名词，在文中第一次出现，表泛指，所以在was与big之间加a。
②take改为took 动词时态误用。此处描述的为过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，所以把take改为took。
③he改为they 人称代词误用。根据语境可知，此处指代的是some players，故把he改为they。
④what改为that/which或者删除what 关系代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为team，关系词指代先行词在从句中作介词against的宾语，故可以把what改为that/which，又因为关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语且介词位于谓语动词后时，关系代词可以省略，所以也可以删除what。
⑤hardly改为hard 副词误用。结合语境可知，此处表示我踢得努力， hardly意为“几乎不”，与语境不符。故把hardly改为hard。
⑥little改为less 形容词比较级误用。由than before可知，此处应用比较级，故把little改为less。
⑦删除because后的of 介词多用。分析句子结构可知，“I fell down”为句子，故删除because后的of。
⑧but改为and 连词误用。分析句子结构可知，effort与wisdom之间是逻辑上的并列关系，故把but改为and。
⑨to改为of/scoring改为score 固定搭配误用。分析句子结构可知，此处表达做某事的机会，可用chance to do sth.或者chance of doing sth.。
⑩point改为points 名词单复数误用。point意为“得分”时为可数名词，根据“four”可知应用复数形式，故将point改为points。
Test 2
[2021·郑州市第二次质量检测]The other day the members of our school's English club take the exchange students in their school to visit the City Cultural Center. During the visit, they appreciated large picture exhibition of our rich local culture and some unique form of our local art. However, they watched a video about the achievements we had made in the past few centuries. The exchange students were all amazed at our color culture, saying that the visit was really a big cultural feast with them. The visit was a greatly success and they were quite satisfied with it. It was not only enriched the exchange students' life, but also helped them learning more about Chinese culture.
答案与解析：
The other day the members of our school's English club the exchange students in school to visit the City Cultural Center. During the visit, they appreciated large picture exhibition of our rich local culture and some unique of our local art. , they watched a video about the achievements we had made in the past few centuries. The exchange students were all amazed at our culture, saying that the visit was really a big cultural feast them. The visit was a success and they were quite satisfied with it. It was⑨ not only enriched the exchange students' life, but also helped them more about Chinese culture.
①take改为took 动词的时态误用。根据该句的时间状语“The other day”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情。故用一般过去时。
②their改为our 人称代词误用。根据该句前面的“our school's”可知，此处指“我们的学校”。
③appreciated后加a 不定冠词漏用。该处泛指“一场大型画展”，且large的发音以辅音音素开头。故用不定冠词a修饰。
④form改为forms 名词单复数误用。form意为“类型，种类”时为可数名词，根据前面的some可知，此处用form的复数形式。
⑤However改为Besides，Also，Furthermore，Moreover，Additionally或Then 副词误用。上句提到，参观期间，他们欣赏了富含当地文化和独特的本土艺术形式的大型画展。该句提到，他们观看了关于我们在过去几个世纪所取得的成就的视频。由此可知，两句之间为并列或者递进关系，并非转折关系。故用表示并列或者递进的词。
⑥color改为colorful 名词与形容词混用。形容词修饰名词，该处修饰名词culture。故用color的形容词形式。
⑦with改为to或者for 介词误用。该句意为：交换生们都对我们的多彩文化感到惊讶，说这次访问对他们来说真是一场文化盛宴。to/for表示“对于……”。
⑧greatly改为great 副词与形容词混用。形容词修饰名词，该处修饰名词success。故用greatly的形容词形式。
⑨删除not only前的was 动词语态误用。该句意为：这(次活动)不仅丰富了交换生的生活，也帮助他们更多地了解中国文化。该句谓语动词与主语It之间为主动关系，而非被动。故删除was。
⑩learning改为(to) learn 动词形式误用。help sb. (to) do sth.为固定用法，表示帮助某人做某事。故将learning改为(to) learn。
考点6·主谓一致的误用
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：并希望这能激发更多关于这个话题的思考！
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据从句中can inspire可知主句为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：此句为省略句， 省略了主语we, 故谓语动词应该使用复数。
自主解答：________________
hopes→hope
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]My dad don't like the soup and I don't enjoy apples.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我不喜欢吃苹果。
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据连词and后的“don't enjoy”可知时态为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：主语“my dad”是第三人称，故谓语应该用第三人称单数。
自主解答：________________
第一个don't→doesn't
【过关检测】
1．[2021·江西省重点中学协作体第二次联考] As a matter of fact, Beijing Opera with a history of nearly 200 years are a form of traditional Chinese theatre play.________________
2．[2021·江西上饶市三模]There were no electricity or water and even no textbooks either！________________
3．[2021·兰州一中高三月考]Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.__________
are→is
were→was
learn→learns
4．[2021·陕西省西安中学第九次模拟]Recently, one of my friends have sent me a short message, saying that true friends are one soul in two bodies, which moves me very much and makes me think what true friendship is.________________
5．[2021·长春外国语学校第二次质量检测]You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.________________
have→has
know→knows
【技法点金】
1．判断主谓语是关键
①可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
②动词ing形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
③就近原则常见的有：either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., there be等。
④就远原则常见的有：together with，as well as，but，except等。
⑤在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数。
⑥定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行词保持一致。
2．附加成分是难点
对于分隔现象，可利用“减一减”原则：先从整体上把握主干，再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰部分，使结构简化。
考点7·从句或固定句型误用
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我还给院子里的花浇水，必要时整理我自己的卧室。
(2)结构分析：根据语境可知， 本句是whenever引导的时间状语从句， 省略了it is。
自主解答：________________
whatever→whenever
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：明白了妈妈的好意，我心怀感激地把她给我的饭都吃完了。
(2)结构分析：本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是food，从句中缺少主语，当先行词被all, every, any, much, little (少), few, no等修饰时，关系代词用that。what可以引导名词性从句，但不可以引导定语从句。
自主解答：________________
what→that
【过关检测】
1．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.________________
2．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]In the cafe，customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.________________
4．[2021·江西省重点中学盟校第二次联考]From them , we students can always seek support and advice , from that we can benefit a lot. ________________
what→which
such→so
what→that/which
that→which
what→which
such→so
what→that/which
that→which
5．[2021·九江市二模]The elders and distinguished guests are often seated in the special seats, what shows great respect for them.___________
6．[2021·黑龙江省佳木斯市第三次模拟]After that, you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way of life.____________
7．[2021·安徽 “五校联盟”第二次联考]I consider myself a competent cook so I usually don't consult a recipe book. I just remember which I did last time.______________
what→which
第二个that→where
which→what
【技法点金】
1．关注定语从句中只用which不用that的情况
①引导非限制性定语从句时。
The building, which attracts many visitors, is designed by my father.
②位于介词后时。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which they live.
2．明辨关系代词和关系副词误用
引导词用关系代词还是关系副词关键还是看先行词在从句中作的成分。若引导词作状语，则使用关系副词(when代指时间，where代指地点，why代指原因)；若引导词作主语、宾语、定语等成分，则使用关系代词。
3．理清that/which和whose的误用
that/which在定语从句中作主语、宾语等成分，而whose在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。
4．牢记that与what引导名词性从句的区别
that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。
随堂落实·创新应用体验
Test 1
[2021·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试]
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very independently, and they need many different municating on well with people is especially required, what I believe I'm good at. Also I liked travelling and doing challenging things. I think work for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is the dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. They know I won't make a lot of money and bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
答案与解析：
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very , and they need many municating well with people is especially required, I believe I'm good at. Also I travelling and doing challenging things. I think for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. know I won't make a lot of money bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
①want后面加to 不定式标志词漏用。此处考查want to do sth.。所以需要在want后面加to。
②independently改为independent 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处作表语，需要用形容词，不能用副词。所以需要将independently改为independent。
③skill改为skills 名词单复数误用。此处skill作可数名词，根据前面的限定词many可知，此处需要用复数。所以需要将skill改为skills。
④删除communicate后面的on 介词多用。此处考查固定表达communicate with sb.，意为“与某人交流”。所以需要删除communicate后面的on。
⑤what改为which 连接代词和关系词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Communicating well with people，关系词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，故关系词需要用which。所以需要将what改为which。
⑥liked改为like 时态误用。全文的基本时态为一般现在时。结合语境可知，本句也应用一般现在时。所以需要将liked改为like。
⑦work改为working 动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知，此处为并列的动名词短语作主语。所以需要将work改为working。
⑧the改为a 冠词误用。此处表示“我父母认为做记者是一份危险的工作”，表泛指，又dangerous的发音以辅音音素开头。所以需要将the改为a。
⑨They改为I 人称代词误用。根据语境可知，此处表示“我知道我不会挣很多钱”，应用第一人称单数。所以需要将They改为I。
⑩and改为but 连词误用。“我知道我不会挣很多钱”和“给全世界的人带来新闻就足够了”之间为逻辑上的转折关系。所以需要将and改为but。
Test 2
[2021·甘肃省第二次高考诊断]
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested on Double 11. Now let me to tell you something about them. Double 11 has become a special day in recently years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people held parties to show love or simply have funs. In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to promoting online shopping, that has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases wise. What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案与解析：
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested Double 11. Now let me tell you something about. Double 11 has become a special day in years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people parties to show love or simply have . In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to online shopping, has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases . What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
①on改为in 介词误用。be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”。故把on改为in。
②删除me后面的to 不定式符号多用。let sb. do sth.为固定表达，意为“让某人做某事”。故删除me后面的to。
③them改为it 代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处代指Double 11，表单数概念。故把them改为it。
④recently改为recent 形容词和副词混用。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词years。故把recently改为recent。
⑤held改为hold 时态误用。根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。故把held改为hold。
⑥funs改为fun 名词误用。分析句子结构可知，fun在此处为名词，又fun为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故把funs改为fun。
⑦promoting改为promote 分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式短语表目的。故把promoting改为promote。
⑧that改为which 关系词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句。故把that改为which。
⑨在chance前加a 冠词漏用。chance在此处意为“机会”，是可数名词，此处意为“一个机会”，表示泛指，又chance的发音以辅音音素开头。故在chance前加a。
⑩wise改为wisely 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰谓语动词。故把wise改用wisely。
考点8·连接词的误用
[典例1] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：为了确保我们所有人的健康，她为我们制定了专门的计划。
(2)结构分析：逗号前为目的状语，逗号后为主句，两者之间不用连词连接。
自主解答：________________
去掉and
[典例2] [2019·全国卷Ⅱ]When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：在高中学化学时，我重新考虑了我的目标并决定当一名医生。
(2)结构分析：reconsidered和decided这两个动作是顺承关系。
自主解答：________________
or→and
【过关检测】
1．Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.______
2．[2021·哈尔滨市第六中学5月模拟]He offered to help me and soon my bike was repaired. I thanked him but asked how to reward him. ______
3．[2021·江西联盟3月联考]At night, we usually sit around a campfire, either chatting and just keeping silent. ______
4．[2021·河南安阳市三模]Work hard but I really hope you can get a good score in the tests. ________
5．[2021·焦作市第四次模拟]He was such grateful that he thanked me again and again. ________
去掉but
but→and
and→or
but→and
such→so
6．[2021·宿州市教学质量检测]The instant when we arrived at the USTC, we headed for the teaching zone, which was fairly quiet compared with that of our school.________________
7．[2021·西安中学高三第九次模拟]In my opinion, true friendship doesn't mean that where you need your friends' help, you'll treat them to dinner.________________
8．[2021·全国甲卷]In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.________________
去掉when
where→when
where→when
【技法点金】
1．多余：
①because/since与so连用时删除so;
②though/although/as与but连用时，删除but。
2．误用：几个常见的连词误用：
①or与and的误用；
②and与but的误用；
③so与but的误用；
④before与after的误用；
⑤before/after与when/while的误用。
3．固定句式要记清：
①and; both...and...；not only... but (also)...; neither...nor...等表示顺承或递进关系。
②but; yet; while等表示对比或转折关系。
or; either...or ...; not...but...表示选择关系。
③ so/ such...that...
It won't be long before...
not...until...
考点9·代词的误用
[典例1] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]I tell my mom that if we're forced to eat things, we may become ill. But he insists on us eating healthy food.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我对妈妈说如果我们被强迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。但她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。
(2)结构分析：根据上句内容可知， 此处指妈妈坚持让我们吃健康的食物。
自主解答：________________
he→she
[典例2] [2019·全国卷Ⅲ]In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：在这家咖啡店，顾客将享用专门为他们营造的历史氛围。
(2)结构分析：此处指代主语customers，反身代词要与主语相对应。
自主解答：___________________
yourselves→themselves
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]If you want to prove you, please sign up by this Thursday afternoon._________________
2．[2021·江西省重点中学盟校第二次联考]As a high school student, it is necessary that we build a good relationship with our teachers, for it is the teachers who show love and concern for our students in study and life and they are good listeners.________________
3．[2021·南宁市第一次适应性测试]My mother and me planned to go to Chengdu by high-speed train last Saturday morning.________________
4．[2021·西安中学第八次模拟]You needn't always compare you with others and just make your efforts towards your goal.________________
第二个you→yourself
第二个our→us
me→I
第二个you→yourself
5．[2021·西安中学第五次模拟]Pressure is a serious problem in today's world. Students in our class are under too many pressure.____________
6．[2021·马鞍山市第三次质量监测]Both of us were a bit tired, but we felt happy to clean up the park. The greatest pleasure is that we have made it more beautiful.________________
7．[2021·全国卷Ⅱ高考压轴卷]Every time we get on a plane, we're asked to neither turn off our phones or change it to flight mode — it's for “security reasons”．________________
8．[2021·焦作市三模]I clearly remembered that my mother had taught me not to cause any trouble to other at any time.________________
many→much
Both→All
neither→either
other→others
【技法点金】
1．关注代词误用常考类型
指代对象不一致；代词的性别不一致；代指单复数不一致；代词的格与文章的逻辑意义不一致；代词与反身代词混淆；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词混淆。
2．牢记不定代词的用法
(1)some和any的用法
some一般用于肯定句中，意思是“几个”“一些”“某个”。any用于肯定句时，意思是“任何的”。
(2)many和much的用法
many与可数名词复数连用；much与不可数名词连用。
(3)either和neither的用法
either意思是“两者之中其中任何一个都可以”；neither是either的否定形式，意思是“两者之中其中任何一个都不”。
(4)few, little, a few, a little的用法
few, little意思是“很少几个”“几乎没有”，有否定的意思；
a few, a little的意思是“有几个”“有些”，有肯定的意思。
(5)other与another 误用
随堂落实·创新应用体验
Test 1
[2021·成都市第二次诊断]Today I went out with my friend Ann for lunch at a restaurant. It is a pretty specially one, what is called “Signs Restaurant”. In order to make the order for food, you have to use sign language. All the waiters and waitresses are without hearing. The waitress who served us was amazed. She taught we a bunch of signs while we had waited for our food. She was patient for me as I tried. My friends helped me out a little, either. The waitress said I did a good job. I feel inspired now take an ASL course and will do so next year. I will do some learning online before the course starts. I just can't wait.
答案与解析：
Today I went out with my friend Ann for lunch at a restaurant. It is a pretty one, is called “Signs Restaurant”. In order to make order for food, you have to use sign language. All the waiters and waitresses are without hearing. The waitress who served us was . She taught a bunch of signs while we had⑥ waited for our food. She was patient me as I tried. My helped me out a little, . The waitress said I did a good job. I feel inspired now take an ASL course and will do so next year. I will do some learning online before the course starts. I just can't wait.
①specially改为special 副词与形容词混用。根据前面的副词pretty以及后面的不定代词one可知，此处应该用形容词。所以需将specially改为special。
②what改为which 关系代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为one，关系代词指代先行词在从句中作主语。所以需将what改为which。
③the改为an 冠词误用。根据语境可知，此处表示点餐，不表示特指，应用不定冠词，order的发音以元音音素开头。故将the改为an。
④amazed改为amazing 形容词误用。根据语境可知，这里表示为我们服务的女侍者是令人惊奇的。故将amazed改为amazing。
⑤we改为us 代词误用。动词taught后面接代词的宾格。故将we改为us。
⑥删除waited前面的had 文章讲述过去的事情，主体时态是一般过去时，且while“当……的时候”连接两个分句，表示两事同时发生，根据句中的taught可知，应删除waited前面的had。
⑦for改为with 介词误用。be patient with sb.为固定搭配，意为“对……有耐心”。所以需将for改为with。
⑧friends改为friend 名词单复数误用。根据文章第一句可知，这里指的是我的一个朋友。所以需将friends改为friend。
⑨either改为too 副词误用。本句是肯定句，用too，either用于否定句中。所以需将either改为too。
⑩在take前面加to 不定式符号to漏用。feel inspired为系表结构，后应接动词不定式。所以需在take前面加to。
Test 2
[2021·长春市质量监测三]When I was small, my parents sent me to a boarding school. I felt very homesick that I cried all the time. Lonely and depressing, I failed to continue studying there and returned back home. Luckily, when I was in high school, I get popular among my classmate. Once, our school organized a two-week stay in countryside. Again, I was away from home, without parents, without yummy food, even without a hot shower. To my happy, everybody was caring and everything made me feel at home. What great the change was! When the trip was over, my parents told me, “You've already growing up！” I know I'll be away and go after your dreams, but home will always remain in my heart.
答案与解析：
When I was small, my parents sent me to a boarding school. I felt homesick that I cried all the time. Lonely and , I failed to continue studying there and returned home. Luckily, when I was in high school, I popular among my . Once, our school organized a two week stay in countryside. Again, I was away from home, without parents, without yummy food, even without a hot shower.
To my , everybody was caring and everything made me feel at home. great the change was! When the trip was over, my parents told me, “You've already up！” I know I'll be away and go after dreams, but home will always remain in my heart.
①very改为so 副词误用。此处为固定结构so...that...“如此……以至于……”，so修饰形容词homesick。所以将very改为so。
②depressing改为depressed 形容词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处的逻辑主语为“I”。故用depressed修饰“我”的感受，意为“沮丧的”。
③删除returned后的back 副词多用。return本身就含有回来之意。故删除back。
④get改为got 时态误用。由时间状语“when I was in high school”可知，此处表示的是过去的事，故用一般过去时。
⑤classmate改为classmates 名词单复数误用。由介词among以及常识可知，作者的同学不止一个，应用复数形式。
⑥countryside前加the 冠词漏用。此处考查固定搭配in the country side，意为“在乡下”。
⑦happy改为happiness 固定搭配误用。此处考查固定搭配“to one's＋n.”，故将happy改为happiness。
⑧what改为how 感叹句引导词误用。在引导感叹句时，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。
⑨growing改为grown 动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知，此处为现在完成时，所以将growing改为grown。
⑩your改为my 代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处逻辑主语为“I”，对应的形容词性物主代词应为“my”。
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
高三二轮复习专题
短文改错
考点1·名词和冠词
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]I love doing housework.I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我喜欢做家务活。饭后， 我总是帮助父母洗碗。
(2)根据语法知识分析：名词单复数误用。短语do the dishes意为“洗碗”。
自主解答：________________
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假了。
(2)根据语法知识分析：summer vacation“暑假”，是单数概念。
自主解答：________________
dish→dishes
vacations→vacation
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]Any creative ideas which is about school life is warmly welcomed.________________
2．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]My mom is really concerned with the health of everyone in our families. ________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]I will open more.I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.________________
4．[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]When I was little，Friday's night was our family game night.________________
ideas→idea
families→family
city→cities
Friday's→Friday
5．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.________________
6．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.________________
7．[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.________________
8．[2021·江西省质量监测]Only by tasting failure can we enjoy fruit of success.________________
the→a
an→a
第一个a→an/one
enjoy后加the
【技法点金】
1．理清单复数使用情况
(1)单个名词和不可数的名词要用单数。
(2)多个可数的名词要用复数。
2．牢记雷打不动的十大不可数名词
advice，news，information，progress，work，fun，weather，music，health，luck。
3．三类位置后常用名词
(1)冠词后常用名词。
(2)介词后常用名词。
(3)形容词性物主代词后常用名词。
4．关注冠词的考查重点
(1)a和an，表达数量或者泛指任何一个。a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前。
(2)若对于某个名词有明指或暗示的情况，前面要加the。
(3)若某名词是复数、专有名词或抽象名词、物质名词(没有固定性状)，前面不适合加冠词，应把该位置空下来，形成“零冠词”。
(4)固定搭配中的冠词需要牢记。
考点2·介词和数词
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]In my opinion，students can benefit a lot doing some housework.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：在我看来，学生做一些家务可以受益很多。
(2)考查介词的缺失。benefit from/ by doing sth. 为固定搭配， 意为“得益于(做)某事”。
自主解答：________________
benefit后加from/ by
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]I'm glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我很高兴知道你已经来到中国， 在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫。
(2)搭配识记：come to＋地点名词，表示“来到某地”。
自主解答：________________
come后加to
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]You can also choose to make changes in famous dramas to enter into the competition.________________
2．[2021·新乡市第三次模拟]There I found many people waiting their orders to be checked out.________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]When I studied chemistry high school，I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor.________________
4．[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]They would say to me that playing card games would help my brain.Still I was unwilling to play the game for them sometimes.________________
5．[2021·太原一模]After graduating from high school，I'm going to be a computer programmer，which I think is on great demand in the modern world.________________
去掉into
waiting后加for
在high前面加in/at
for→with
on→in
6．[2021·吉林市第三次调研]Without hesitation，I，under the help of Tom and Mary，carried her on my back to the clinic.________________
7．[2021·河北省邯郸市高三第二次模拟]I remember clearly that when I was on my eighteen birthday, my father gave me a present—a picture book._________________
8．[2021·赣州市模拟]In order to celebrate the eighty anniversary of the founding of our school, a big celebration was held in our school last Sunday.________________
under→with
eighteen→eighteenth
eighty→eightieth
【技法点金】
1．关注介词遗漏
①不及物动词后需要加介词才能加宾语。
②作定语的不定式中动词如果是不及物动词，或不定式修饰的名词和代词是不定式动词的地点、工具等，不定式后要有相应的介词。
2．明辨介词多余
①及物动词后无需加介词再加宾语。
②this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each等词构成的时间短语，前面不用任何介词。
3．牢记相似介词的区别
in, on, at的区别：表示时间时，in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后)，on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等，at表示具体的时刻。
4．识别序数词与基数词的混用和错用
“只描述数量多少的”用基数词；“强调顺序性，作第几”讲的时候用序数词。
5．注意年龄、年代的表达法
表达“在某人几十岁时”用“in one's＋逢十的基数词复数”；表达“在几十年代”时，用“in the＋逢十的基数词复数”。
考点3·谓语动词误用
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]Also，it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：此外，这给了父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情，这改善了家庭关系。
(2)谓语动词的误用。分析句子结构可知， what引导宾语从句， 句中的like作动词， 意为“喜欢”，故are多余。
自主解答：________________
去掉are
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practice.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：实际上，我从七岁就开始学功夫了，但我已经很长时间没练习了。
(2)根据分析可知，本句考查谓语动词时态错误。由“when I was seven years old”可确定该句谓语动词应该为一般过去时态。
自主解答：________________
start→started
【过关检测】
1．[2021·黑龙江省大庆市5月联考]John went shopping in a store, but he forgot to bring a bag. So he buys a shopping bag.________________
2．[2021·黑龙江省大庆市5月联考]However, one day, I forget to wear one when I was heading for a vital exam.________________
3．[2021·黑龙江省大庆市5月联考]It not only brings us pleasure but reduce waste around us.________________
4．[2021·江西省高三教学质量监测]We have both achieved success and suffer from failure, but different students has different attitudes towards failure._________________________
buys→bought
forget→forgot
reduce→reduces
suffer→suffered has→have
5．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]There is another thing that should be keep in mind.________________
6．[2021·马鞍山第三次监测]After getting our tools, we were dividing into different teams.________________
7．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]An English drama competition would be held in the school art hall next Friday.________________
8．[2021·九江市二模]Usually, sitting around the table, all members of a family has meals together at meal time.________________
keep→kept
dividing→divided
would→will
has→have
【技法点金】
1．识别时态不一致
文章前后是现在式但却用了过去式，或前后都是过去式却用了现在式，导致时态不一致。
2．判断并列不一致
在平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常是一致的。关键的问题是看and，or等后的动词与前面的哪个动词并列，一定要理解，辨别清楚。
3．留心语态错误
(1)构成被动语态的过去分词写成了一般过去式或现在分词。
(2)主动语态中却多了be以及be的变形，变成了被动语态。
4．注意主谓不一致情况
主语是单数形式，谓语却采取复数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语却采取单数形式，导致主谓不一致的情况。
5．牢记情态动词用法
(1)情态动词后一定要接动词原形，但却用了过去或其他形式。
(2)情态动词相互间的误用。
考点4·非谓语动词形式错误
考点4 非谓语动词形式错误
[典例1] [2021·全国卷甲] Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：他们的回答也表明他们不喜欢和别人说话。
(2)非谓语动词的误用。dislike doing sth.为固定搭配， 意为“不喜欢做某事”。
自主解答：________________
talk→talking
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]I tell my mom that if we're forced eat things, we may become ill.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我对妈妈说如果我们被强迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。
(2)根据固定搭配解题：be forced to do sth.“被迫做某事”。
自主解答：________________
eat前加to
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]It is rewarding take your time to prepare for the competition.________________
2．[2021·江西省重点中学协作体第二次联考]Please let me to know when you will be free and I will buy the tickets in advance._____________
3．[2021·南昌二模]To solve the problem, I forced myself to reading every paragraph with patience, trying to follow the plot._______________
4．[2021·成都七中热身考试]They watched him with interest, laughed loudly.________________
take前加to
去掉know前to
reading→read
laughed→laughing
5．[2021·宿州市质量检测]As far as I'm concerned, the activity gets us to know about the university and inspiring us to work hard._____________
6．[2021·焦作市三模]When I opened the door, my mother seemed to feel a little embarrassing._______________________
7．[2021·哈尔滨市第三中学第四次模拟]Felt extremely guilty, I really hope you will accept my sincere apology.________________
8．[2021·江西省高三教学质量监测]They find out the causes so that they will avoid made the same mistake.________________
9．[2021·焦作市第四次模拟]I had a ticket to a show I couldn't attend any longer. I was trying to sell it, but I was having a hard time find someone who would pay the full price.________________
10．[2021·贵州省适应性测试]I think work for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting.________________
inspiring→inspires
embarrassing→embarrassed
Felt→Feeling
made→making
find→finding
work→working
【技法点金】
1．理清to的两种命题方式
①多余：感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
②缺失：有些动词，如want, decide, plan等后应接带to的不定式作宾语。
2．辨清非谓语动词与谓语动词
句中已有谓语动词，且另一动词不作并列谓语，则只能用非谓语动词。
3．搞清动词ing形式与动词ed形式的区别
动词ing形式表主动、进行；动词ed 形式表被动、完成；动词ing形式转化的形容词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物；而动词ed形式转化的形容词表示“感到……的”，常修饰人。
4．掌握介词标志
介词后一般需要跟名词或动词ing形式。
5．注意主语或宾语形式
主语或宾语常常使用动词ing形式或不定式。
6．明晰介词to与不定式符号to的用法区别
介词to后接名词、代词或数词，构成介词短语；不定式符号to后接动词原形，构成不定式短语。
考点5·形容词和副词误用
[典例1] [2021·全国卷乙]What's more，doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：更重要的是，做家务是一种从学习中精神放松的形式。
(2)形容词副词的误用。此处应用形容词mental修饰名词relaxation。
自主解答：________________
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅱ]I'm surely you'll have a good time.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我确信你会玩得很开心。
(2)语境分析：系动词be后跟形容词作表语。
自主解答：________________
mentally→mental
surely→sure
【过关检测】
1．[2021·安徽 “五校联盟”第二次联考]When she had finished, she proud put her cake into the oven to cook.________________
2．[2021·南昌二模]It provides me with knowledge, and convinces me entire that being alone is not lonely.________________
3．[2021·广西4月模拟]Now I've changed a lot. I have become an energy and positive girl.________________
4．[2021·江西省质量监测]What's worse, some even lose heart and no longer study as harder as before.________________
proud→proudly
entire→entirely
energy→energetic
harder→hard
5．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor._______________
6．[2021·焦作市三模]The other day, I went home so lately that my mother couldn't afford to wait me any longer.________________
7．[2021·高三“五校联盟”第二次联考]About ten minutes late, we smelt something burning.________________
8．[2021·马鞍山市第三次质量监测]It's a famous park in Ma'anshan. Therefore, some of its visitors leave garbage behind.________________
去掉more
lately→late
late→later
Therefore→However
【技法点金】
1．明辨词性误用
副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，在句中作状语。
2．理清比较级、最高级的误用
①原级和比较级混用。
②比较级和最高级混用。
③在本身已是比较级形式的基础上误加more。
④在没有最高级的词前误加most。
3．关注形近词误用
hard意为“刻苦地，猛烈地”，hardly意为“几乎不，几乎没有”；beside意为“在……旁边”，besides意为“另外”。
4．看清重点连接副词误用
however主要用于转折或对比，意思是“然而，可是，但是”；therefore主要表示结果，意思是“因此，所以”。
Test 1
[2021·昆明市“三诊一模”质量检测] October 12th was big day for my team and me. We take part in a basketball tournament for senior students in Lancaster County. Some players were absent because he had to take exams. What was worse, there were no substitutes. The team what we played against was last year's top one. As a striker, I played hardly. Later, I had little energy than before and got injured because of I fell down. During the pause, the coach told us to “play with effort but wisdom”. Then, I saved my strength and looked for good chances to scoring more goals. Finally, I scored another four point and was named the “most valuable player”．
答案与解析：
October 12th was big day for my team and me. We part in a basketball tournament for senior students in Lancaster County. Some players were absent because had to take exams. What was worse, there were no substitutes. The team /what we played against was last year's top one. As a striker, I played .
Later. I had energy than before and got injured because I fell down. During the pause, the coach told us to “play with effort wisdom”. Then, I saved my strength and looked for good chances scoring / to more goals. Finally, I scored another four and was named the “most valuable player”．
①was与big之间加a 冠词漏用。day意为“一天”时为可数名词，在文中第一次出现，表泛指，所以在was与big之间加a。
②take改为took 动词时态误用。此处描述的为过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，所以把take改为took。
③he改为they 人称代词误用。根据语境可知，此处指代的是some players，故把he改为they。
④what改为that/which或者删除what 关系代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为team，关系词指代先行词在从句中作介词against的宾语，故可以把what改为that/which，又因为关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语且介词位于谓语动词后时，关系代词可以省略，所以也可以删除what。
⑤hardly改为hard 副词误用。结合语境可知，此处表示我踢得努力， hardly意为“几乎不”，与语境不符。故把hardly改为hard。
⑥little改为less 形容词比较级误用。由than before可知，此处应用比较级，故把little改为less。
⑦删除because后的of 介词多用。分析句子结构可知，“I fell down”为句子，故删除because后的of。
⑧but改为and 连词误用。分析句子结构可知，effort与wisdom之间是逻辑上的并列关系，故把but改为and。
⑨to改为of/scoring改为score 固定搭配误用。分析句子结构可知，此处表达做某事的机会，可用chance to do sth.或者chance of doing sth.。
⑩point改为points 名词单复数误用。point意为“得分”时为可数名词，根据“four”可知应用复数形式，故将point改为points。
Test 2
[2021·郑州市第二次质量检测]The other day the members of our school's English club take the exchange students in their school to visit the City Cultural Center. During the visit, they appreciated large picture exhibition of our rich local culture and some unique form of our local art. However, they watched a video about the achievements we had made in the past few centuries. The exchange students were all amazed at our color culture, saying that the visit was really a big cultural feast with them. The visit was a greatly success and they were quite satisfied with it. It was not only enriched the exchange students' life, but also helped them learning more about Chinese culture.
答案与解析：
The other day the members of our school's English club the exchange students in school to visit the City Cultural Center. During the visit, they appreciated large picture exhibition of our rich local culture and some unique of our local art. , they watched a video about the achievements we had made in the past few centuries. The exchange students were all amazed at our culture, saying that the visit was really a big cultural feast them. The visit was a success and they were quite satisfied with it. It was⑨ not only enriched the exchange students' life, but also helped them more about Chinese culture.
①take改为took 动词的时态误用。根据该句的时间状语“The other day”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情。故用一般过去时。
②their改为our 人称代词误用。根据该句前面的“our school's”可知，此处指“我们的学校”。
③appreciated后加a 不定冠词漏用。该处泛指“一场大型画展”，且large的发音以辅音音素开头。故用不定冠词a修饰。
④form改为forms 名词单复数误用。form意为“类型，种类”时为可数名词，根据前面的some可知，此处用form的复数形式。
⑤However改为Besides，Also，Furthermore，Moreover，Additionally或Then 副词误用。上句提到，参观期间，他们欣赏了富含当地文化和独特的本土艺术形式的大型画展。该句提到，他们观看了关于我们在过去几个世纪所取得的成就的视频。由此可知，两句之间为并列或者递进关系，并非转折关系。故用表示并列或者递进的词。
⑥color改为colorful 名词与形容词混用。形容词修饰名词，该处修饰名词culture。故用color的形容词形式。
⑦with改为to或者for 介词误用。该句意为：交换生们都对我们的多彩文化感到惊讶，说这次访问对他们来说真是一场文化盛宴。to/for表示“对于……”。
⑧greatly改为great 副词与形容词混用。形容词修饰名词，该处修饰名词success。故用greatly的形容词形式。
⑨删除not only前的was 动词语态误用。该句意为：这(次活动)不仅丰富了交换生的生活，也帮助他们更多地了解中国文化。该句谓语动词与主语It之间为主动关系，而非被动。故删除was。
⑩learning改为(to) learn 动词形式误用。help sb. (to) do sth.为固定用法，表示帮助某人做某事。故将learning改为(to) learn。
考点6·主谓一致的误用
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：并希望这能激发更多关于这个话题的思考！
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据从句中can inspire可知主句为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：此句为省略句， 省略了主语we, 故谓语动词应该使用复数。
自主解答：________________
hopes→hope
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]My dad don't like the soup and I don't enjoy apples.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我不喜欢吃苹果。
(2)瞻前顾后析时态：根据连词and后的“don't enjoy”可知时态为一般现在时。
(3)辨清主谓：主语“my dad”是第三人称，故谓语应该用第三人称单数。
自主解答：________________
第一个don't→doesn't
【过关检测】
1．[2021·江西省重点中学协作体第二次联考] As a matter of fact, Beijing Opera with a history of nearly 200 years are a form of traditional Chinese theatre play.________________
2．[2021·江西上饶市三模]There were no electricity or water and even no textbooks either！________________
3．[2021·兰州一中高三月考]Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.__________
are→is
were→was
learn→learns
4．[2021·陕西省西安中学第九次模拟]Recently, one of my friends have sent me a short message, saying that true friends are one soul in two bodies, which moves me very much and makes me think what true friendship is.________________
5．[2021·长春外国语学校第二次质量检测]You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.________________
have→has
know→knows
【技法点金】
1．判断主谓语是关键
①可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
②动词ing形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
③就近原则常见的有：either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., there be等。
④就远原则常见的有：together with，as well as，but，except等。
⑤在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数。
⑥定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行词保持一致。
2．附加成分是难点
对于分隔现象，可利用“减一减”原则：先从整体上把握主干，再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰部分，使结构简化。
考点7·从句或固定句型误用
[典例1] [2021·全国乙卷]I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我还给院子里的花浇水，必要时整理我自己的卧室。
(2)结构分析：根据语境可知， 本句是whenever引导的时间状语从句， 省略了it is。
自主解答：________________
whatever→whenever
[典例2] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：明白了妈妈的好意，我心怀感激地把她给我的饭都吃完了。
(2)结构分析：本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是food，从句中缺少主语，当先行词被all, every, any, much, little (少), few, no等修饰时，关系代词用that。what可以引导名词性从句，但不可以引导定语从句。
自主解答：________________
what→that
【过关检测】
1．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.________________
2．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.________________
3．[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]In the cafe，customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.________________
4．[2021·江西省重点中学盟校第二次联考]From them , we students can always seek support and advice , from that we can benefit a lot. ________________
what→which
such→so
what→that/which
that→which
what→which
such→so
what→that/which
that→which
5．[2021·九江市二模]The elders and distinguished guests are often seated in the special seats, what shows great respect for them.___________
6．[2021·黑龙江省佳木斯市第三次模拟]After that, you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way of life.____________
7．[2021·安徽 “五校联盟”第二次联考]I consider myself a competent cook so I usually don't consult a recipe book. I just remember which I did last time.______________
what→which
第二个that→where
which→what
【技法点金】
1．关注定语从句中只用which不用that的情况
①引导非限制性定语从句时。
The building, which attracts many visitors, is designed by my father.
②位于介词后时。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which they live.
2．明辨关系代词和关系副词误用
引导词用关系代词还是关系副词关键还是看先行词在从句中作的成分。若引导词作状语，则使用关系副词(when代指时间，where代指地点，why代指原因)；若引导词作主语、宾语、定语等成分，则使用关系代词。
3．理清that/which和whose的误用
that/which在定语从句中作主语、宾语等成分，而whose在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。
4．牢记that与what引导名词性从句的区别
that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。
随堂落实·创新应用体验
Test 1
[2021·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试]
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very independently, and they need many different municating on well with people is especially required, what I believe I'm good at. Also I liked travelling and doing challenging things. I think work for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is the dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. They know I won't make a lot of money and bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
答案与解析：
My name is Jane. I want be a journalist. Journalists have to be very , and they need many municating well with people is especially required, I believe I'm good at. Also I travelling and doing challenging things. I think for a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are really exciting. My parents think being a journalist is dangerous job, but I'm not scared. I like taking risks. know I won't make a lot of money bringing news to people around the world will be enough.
①want后面加to 不定式标志词漏用。此处考查want to do sth.。所以需要在want后面加to。
②independently改为independent 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处作表语，需要用形容词，不能用副词。所以需要将independently改为independent。
③skill改为skills 名词单复数误用。此处skill作可数名词，根据前面的限定词many可知，此处需要用复数。所以需要将skill改为skills。
④删除communicate后面的on 介词多用。此处考查固定表达communicate with sb.，意为“与某人交流”。所以需要删除communicate后面的on。
⑤what改为which 连接代词和关系词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Communicating well with people，关系词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，故关系词需要用which。所以需要将what改为which。
⑥liked改为like 时态误用。全文的基本时态为一般现在时。结合语境可知，本句也应用一般现在时。所以需要将liked改为like。
⑦work改为working 动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知，此处为并列的动名词短语作主语。所以需要将work改为working。
⑧the改为a 冠词误用。此处表示“我父母认为做记者是一份危险的工作”，表泛指，又dangerous的发音以辅音音素开头。所以需要将the改为a。
⑨They改为I 人称代词误用。根据语境可知，此处表示“我知道我不会挣很多钱”，应用第一人称单数。所以需要将They改为I。
⑩and改为but 连词误用。“我知道我不会挣很多钱”和“给全世界的人带来新闻就足够了”之间为逻辑上的转折关系。所以需要将and改为but。
Test 2
[2021·甘肃省第二次高考诊断]
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested on Double 11. Now let me to tell you something about them. Double 11 has become a special day in recently years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people held parties to show love or simply have funs. In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to promoting online shopping, that has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases wise. What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案与解析：
Dear Chris，
I am glad to hear you are interested Double 11. Now let me tell you something about. Double 11 has become a special day in years. With four “1s”， it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people parties to show love or simply have . In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to online shopping, has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases . What do you think of this day I am looking forward to your opinion.
Yours，
Li Hua
①on改为in 介词误用。be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”。故把on改为in。
②删除me后面的to 不定式符号多用。let sb. do sth.为固定表达，意为“让某人做某事”。故删除me后面的to。
③them改为it 代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处代指Double 11，表单数概念。故把them改为it。
④recently改为recent 形容词和副词混用。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词years。故把recently改为recent。
⑤held改为hold 时态误用。根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。故把held改为hold。
⑥funs改为fun 名词误用。分析句子结构可知，fun在此处为名词，又fun为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故把funs改为fun。
⑦promoting改为promote 分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式短语表目的。故把promoting改为promote。
⑧that改为which 关系词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句。故把that改为which。
⑨在chance前加a 冠词漏用。chance在此处意为“机会”，是可数名词，此处意为“一个机会”，表示泛指，又chance的发音以辅音音素开头。故在chance前加a。
⑩wise改为wisely 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰谓语动词。故把wise改用wisely。
考点8·连接词的误用
[典例1] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：为了确保我们所有人的健康，她为我们制定了专门的计划。
(2)结构分析：逗号前为目的状语，逗号后为主句，两者之间不用连词连接。
自主解答：________________
去掉and
[典例2] [2019·全国卷Ⅱ]When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：在高中学化学时，我重新考虑了我的目标并决定当一名医生。
(2)结构分析：reconsidered和decided这两个动作是顺承关系。
自主解答：________________
or→and
【过关检测】
1．Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.______
2．[2021·哈尔滨市第六中学5月模拟]He offered to help me and soon my bike was repaired. I thanked him but asked how to reward him. ______
3．[2021·江西联盟3月联考]At night, we usually sit around a campfire, either chatting and just keeping silent. ______
4．[2021·河南安阳市三模]Work hard but I really hope you can get a good score in the tests. ________
5．[2021·焦作市第四次模拟]He was such grateful that he thanked me again and again. ________
去掉but
but→and
and→or
but→and
such→so
6．[2021·宿州市教学质量检测]The instant when we arrived at the USTC, we headed for the teaching zone, which was fairly quiet compared with that of our school.________________
7．[2021·西安中学高三第九次模拟]In my opinion, true friendship doesn't mean that where you need your friends' help, you'll treat them to dinner.________________
8．[2021·全国甲卷]In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.________________
去掉when
where→when
where→when
【技法点金】
1．多余：
①because/since与so连用时删除so;
②though/although/as与but连用时，删除but。
2．误用：几个常见的连词误用：
①or与and的误用；
②and与but的误用；
③so与but的误用；
④before与after的误用；
⑤before/after与when/while的误用。
3．固定句式要记清：
①and; both...and...；not only... but (also)...; neither...nor...等表示顺承或递进关系。
②but; yet; while等表示对比或转折关系。
or; either...or ...; not...but...表示选择关系。
③ so/ such...that...
It won't be long before...
not...until...
考点9·代词的误用
[典例1] [2020·全国卷Ⅲ]I tell my mom that if we're forced to eat things, we may become ill. But he insists on us eating healthy food.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：我对妈妈说如果我们被强迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。但她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。
(2)结构分析：根据上句内容可知， 此处指妈妈坚持让我们吃健康的食物。
自主解答：________________
he→she
[典例2] [2019·全国卷Ⅲ]In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.
考场思维：
(1)语境含义：在这家咖啡店，顾客将享用专门为他们营造的历史氛围。
(2)结构分析：此处指代主语customers，反身代词要与主语相对应。
自主解答：___________________
yourselves→themselves
【过关检测】
1．[2021·吉林市第四次调研]If you want to prove you, please sign up by this Thursday afternoon._________________
2．[2021·江西省重点中学盟校第二次联考]As a high school student, it is necessary that we build a good relationship with our teachers, for it is the teachers who show love and concern for our students in study and life and they are good listeners.________________
3．[2021·南宁市第一次适应性测试]My mother and me planned to go to Chengdu by high-speed train last Saturday morning.________________
4．[2021·西安中学第八次模拟]You needn't always compare you with others and just make your efforts towards your goal.________________
第二个you→yourself
第二个our→us
me→I
第二个you→yourself
5．[2021·西安中学第五次模拟]Pressure is a serious problem in today's world. Students in our class are under too many pressure.____________
6．[2021·马鞍山市第三次质量监测]Both of us were a bit tired, but we felt happy to clean up the park. The greatest pleasure is that we have made it more beautiful.________________
7．[2021·全国卷Ⅱ高考压轴卷]Every time we get on a plane, we're asked to neither turn off our phones or change it to flight mode — it's for “security reasons”．________________
8．[2021·焦作市三模]I clearly remembered that my mother had taught me not to cause any trouble to other at any time.________________
many→much
Both→All
neither→either
other→others
【技法点金】
1．关注代词误用常考类型
指代对象不一致；代词的性别不一致；代指单复数不一致；代词的格与文章的逻辑意义不一致；代词与反身代词混淆；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词混淆。
2．牢记不定代词的用法
(1)some和any的用法
some一般用于肯定句中，意思是“几个”“一些”“某个”。any用于肯定句时，意思是“任何的”。
(2)many和much的用法
many与可数名词复数连用；much与不可数名词连用。
(3)either和neither的用法
either意思是“两者之中其中任何一个都可以”；neither是either的否定形式，意思是“两者之中其中任何一个都不”。
(4)few, little, a few, a little的用法
few, little意思是“很少几个”“几乎没有”，有否定的意思；
a few, a little的意思是“有几个”“有些”，有肯定的意思。
(5)other与another 误用
随堂落实·创新应用体验
Test 1
[2021·成都市第二次诊断]Today I went out with my friend Ann for lunch at a restaurant. It is a pretty specially one, what is called “Signs Restaurant”. In order to make the order for food, you have to use sign language. All the waiters and waitresses are without hearing. The waitress who served us was amazed. She taught we a bunch of signs while we had waited for our food. She was patient for me as I tried. My friends helped me out a little, either. The waitress said I did a good job. I feel inspired now take an ASL course and will do so next year. I will do some learning online before the course starts. I just can't wait.
答案与解析：
Today I went out with my friend Ann for lunch at a restaurant. It is a pretty one, is called “Signs Restaurant”. In order to make order for food, you have to use sign language. All the waiters and waitresses are without hearing. The waitress who served us was . She taught a bunch of signs while we had⑥ waited for our food. She was patient me as I tried. My helped me out a little, . The waitress said I did a good job. I feel inspired now take an ASL course and will do so next year. I will do some learning online before the course starts. I just can't wait.
①specially改为special 副词与形容词混用。根据前面的副词pretty以及后面的不定代词one可知，此处应该用形容词。所以需将specially改为special。
②what改为which 关系代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为one，关系代词指代先行词在从句中作主语。所以需将what改为which。
③the改为an 冠词误用。根据语境可知，此处表示点餐，不表示特指，应用不定冠词，order的发音以元音音素开头。故将the改为an。
④amazed改为amazing 形容词误用。根据语境可知，这里表示为我们服务的女侍者是令人惊奇的。故将amazed改为amazing。
⑤we改为us 代词误用。动词taught后面接代词的宾格。故将we改为us。
⑥删除waited前面的had 文章讲述过去的事情，主体时态是一般过去时，且while“当……的时候”连接两个分句，表示两事同时发生，根据句中的taught可知，应删除waited前面的had。
⑦for改为with 介词误用。be patient with sb.为固定搭配，意为“对……有耐心”。所以需将for改为with。
⑧friends改为friend 名词单复数误用。根据文章第一句可知，这里指的是我的一个朋友。所以需将friends改为friend。
⑨either改为too 副词误用。本句是肯定句，用too，either用于否定句中。所以需将either改为too。
⑩在take前面加to 不定式符号to漏用。feel inspired为系表结构，后应接动词不定式。所以需在take前面加to。
Test 2
[2021·长春市质量监测三]When I was small, my parents sent me to a boarding school. I felt very homesick that I cried all the time. Lonely and depressing, I failed to continue studying there and returned back home. Luckily, when I was in high school, I get popular among my classmate. Once, our school organized a two-week stay in countryside. Again, I was away from home, without parents, without yummy food, even without a hot shower. To my happy, everybody was caring and everything made me feel at home. What great the change was! When the trip was over, my parents told me, “You've already growing up！” I know I'll be away and go after your dreams, but home will always remain in my heart.
答案与解析：
When I was small, my parents sent me to a boarding school. I felt homesick that I cried all the time. Lonely and , I failed to continue studying there and returned home. Luckily, when I was in high school, I popular among my . Once, our school organized a two week stay in countryside. Again, I was away from home, without parents, without yummy food, even without a hot shower.
To my , everybody was caring and everything made me feel at home. great the change was! When the trip was over, my parents told me, “You've already up！” I know I'll be away and go after dreams, but home will always remain in my heart.
①very改为so 副词误用。此处为固定结构so...that...“如此……以至于……”，so修饰形容词homesick。所以将very改为so。
②depressing改为depressed 形容词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处的逻辑主语为“I”。故用depressed修饰“我”的感受，意为“沮丧的”。
③删除returned后的back 副词多用。return本身就含有回来之意。故删除back。
④get改为got 时态误用。由时间状语“when I was in high school”可知，此处表示的是过去的事，故用一般过去时。
⑤classmate改为classmates 名词单复数误用。由介词among以及常识可知，作者的同学不止一个，应用复数形式。
⑥countryside前加the 冠词漏用。此处考查固定搭配in the country side，意为“在乡下”。
⑦happy改为happiness 固定搭配误用。此处考查固定搭配“to one's＋n.”，故将happy改为happiness。
⑧what改为how 感叹句引导词误用。在引导感叹句时，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。
⑨growing改为grown 动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知，此处为现在完成时，所以将growing改为grown。
⑩your改为my 代词误用。分析句子结构可知，此处逻辑主语为“I”，对应的形容词性物主代词应为“my”。
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