中考英语完形填空解题技巧（含答案）

中考完形填空解题技巧
如今好多初三学生在词汇、语法与解题过程中来回纠结，做一个阅读理解题，读不懂（究其原因是单词不认识，语法不会）；做一个完形填空，乱猜（因为单词不认识、语法不会、固定搭配不明白）。但是他们仍然不停在刷题，看似很努力，但都是白费。
鉴于这种情况，做什么习题才能跳出题海，有效快速提升英语成绩？
我认为只做中考真题，特别是最近三年所有省份的真题（做2遍）
专项刷题时，要做每套题的同一题型，如完形填空题。具体做到以下几点：
高频单词（500个）+方法；
专项特训、高效迅速提升；
专项词汇专项背；
专项语法专项学
下面重点介绍完形填空解题技巧（掌握了这个技巧，就会达到这个目标：7个题可以做，因为0---7个题是看方法的。）
中考完形填空的满分技巧
通读最近五年所有省份的完形填空真题的文章介绍；
文章首段首句不出题；
总分结构；
议论文和说明文：首段首句就是中心/文章大意；记叙文是花朵文（因为考试评价体系就是立德树人，现在的高中生就是祖国的花朵/栋梁，让学生理解社会主义价值观，文章肯定要表现一个正能量。）；
最重要的技巧就是倪萍逻辑；【罗永浩创造的GRE填空技巧。1996年春节联欢晚会上倪萍给观众出了一道题：今年的春节联欢晚会突出了______的主题。 A. 联欢 B. 和谐 C. 吉祥 D. 中国梦 答案为什么不选D却选A？因为A有线索和依据（联欢对联欢），D却没有； 另外A的线索和依据比D多。再比如：多种多样的俱乐部提供了多种多样的机会；不同的功能提供了功能的不同。 完形填空任何一个题的答案都有依据、线索。就算猜也要这样猜。我最讨厌有些老师告诉学生答案时解释原因就说是固定搭配、习惯用法。真的像“固定搭配是个筐，什么都能往里装。”】
任何一个题，必须有线索和依据；
动词题的解法：1）看主语、看宾语、看搭配；2）前后呼应；名词题、代词题的解法：前后呼应，正确指代；形容词/副词的解法：正负感情；介、连、冠题：逻辑关系；
中考完形填空题的解题方法
读首段首句，预猜文章大意。（通读全文简直是浪费时间，因为一篇完形填空，最快的速度通读下来至少也要5-7minutes,只需看首段首句就能猜出大意。）1-2分钟就能猜出：因为说明文和议论文，其首段首句就是文章中心/大意；记叙文要么是一帆风顺（例如：I went for a walk in a park. I saw some plants, animals and buildings. They are beautiful.)要么经历波折,狗血情节（ I went for a walk in a park. Suddenly an accident happened.Finally it was OK.)
边读边译边填 了解了短文大意后，就要边读边译边填，碰到文中不认识的单词怎么办？是名词就翻译成“东西”， 动词译成“整、搞、弄、干”， 形容词、副词划掉不翻译（但hardly,rarely 一定要死记硬背住）。
选项是动词（先后顺序 ）（完形填空大约有3-5题是动词填空）时，首先看空格处是不是缺谓语，缺谓语要考虑时、语态，非谓语（动词不定式、动名词、现在分词）；另外要看主语（①是人还是物；② 能不能发出这个动作）。其次要看宾语（能不能承受这个动作）；再次看搭配（如：① Vt/Vi vi+prep Vt+ n./pron./to do/-ing/从句；② 接不接宾补. ）；最后看前后呼应。
如：2021年云南中考卷英语测试题中的完形填空的43题
I 43 my elbows and knees bleeding.
43. A. felt B. tasted C. smelt D. sounded
看选项是动词，且全部是动词过去式，而空格处缺谓语，这回要看主语，主语是“我”，“我”能不能发出选项B、 C、D的动作，显然不能发出，因为这三个动词的主语一般是物，所以B、C、D三个选项不能选，所以选A答案。
2021年湖南省永州市中考卷英语测试题中的完形填空的50题
Watching my mother 50 fever, cough, and shortness of breath was heartbreaking, I had tears in my eyes, but I didn’t tell my parents about it.
50. A. continue B. stand C. accept
看选项是动词，且全部是动词原形，而空格处缺宾语补足语，补充说明宾语，虽然宾语(my mother)能发出这几个动作，但根据语境，只能选A选项，因为前文提到母亲患了新冠，接下来看见母亲因新冠导致的症状（持续（continue)发烧、咳嗽和气短），而选项B(站，忍受）、 C（接受）的动作与语境不合，所以选A答案。
2020年云南省昆明市中考卷英语测试题中的完形填空的38题
One day in December 2015, a woman was buying a meal at McDonald's in Florida, US. She also 38 a meal for the person standing in line behind her.
38. A. made B. bought C. sold
看选项是及物动词，且全部是过去式，而空格处缺谓语，根据上文这句a woman was buying a meal at McDonald's in Florida, US.中的动词buying，利用方法“前后呼应”，选择答案B。
选项是名词、代词（同类同样）（完形填空大约有2-4题是名词填空）时，首先看空格处的名词充当何种成分，如果是主语，还要注意单复数，它一般与上下文中的名词是同类同样（单词复现或近义词）。
如：2021年湖南省永州市中考英语测试题中的完形填空的49题
It was really challenging for all of us, especially for my 49 , who got sick.
49. A. sister B. father C. mother
首先看空格处的名词充当的是宾语，根据上文my mother tested positive for COVID-19 and our family was quarantined (隔离) for14 days. ，得知答案是C。
2020年云南中考英语测试题中的完形填空的28题
He went in and found his ___28___, the 79-year-old Mrs. Sun, in the kitchen.
28. A. aunt B. neighbour C. grandmother
首先看空格处的名词充当的是宾语，根据上文He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire. ，得知答案是C。
2020年江苏省南京市中考英语测试题中的完形填空的21题
Another 21 of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audience’s positive energy.
A. cause B problem C. way D. purpose
首先看空格处的名词充当的是主语，该空和前面的method 来做比较，A答案属同类同样。
2021年云南中考卷英语测试题中的完形填空的38题
“No, I won’t wear ___38___ !” I said, pointing at my friend’s elbows and knees,
38. A. it B. itself C. them D. themselves
首先看空格处的代词充当的是宾语，根据上文 she asked me to wear some safety equipment (装备). 和下文She doesn’t wear it ___39___ !”，得知答案是A。
选项是形容词、副词（正负感情 ）（完形填空大约有2-4题是形容词、副词填空）时，首先看空格处的形容词、副词处于什么样的地位（充当正能量还是负能量），也要看语境，更要根据关联词进行逻辑推理。
如：2021年湖南省长沙市中考英语测试题中的完形填空的37题
Those simple words made me feel 53 and encouraged.
A. loved B. hated C. refused
根据语境和句中逻辑关系（and )，确定空格处的形容词是正能量的，三个选项只有A是正能量词，其他两个形容词是负能量的。所以选A。
如：2020年云南省昆明市中考英语测试题中的完形填空的37题
You may think this doesn't seem like much. But this nice act can spread quite 37 .
37. A fast B slowly C. hardly
根据语境和句中逻辑关系（But )，确定空格处的副词是正能量的，三个选项只有A（快地，迅速地）是正能量词，其他两个副词是负能量的。所以选A。
如：2021年云南省昆明市中考英语测试题中的完形填空的45题
All in all, this experience made me realize that we must be ___45___ .
A. proud B. rude C. modest D. anxious
根据语境，确定空格处的形容词是正能量的，四个选项只有C（谦虚的）是正能量词，其他三个形容词A. proud( 骄傲的),B.rude(粗鲁的), D. anxious (焦虑的)是负能量的,要是把A.proud看成正能量“自豪的”的意思， 再根据“前后呼应”原则，前文这句 I came to understand that it’s important to be modest (谦虚). 也不能选它， 所以选C。
选项是介词、连词（逻辑关系 ）（完形填空大约有0-1题是介词、连词填空）当选项是介词或连词时， 我们既可以通过句子间的逻辑关系（因果、让步、递进、转折、目的、并列......)推断选项，也可以从句意、常识、客观真理或人之常情等方面做出判断。
如：2021年云南省中考英语测试题中的完形填空的37题
My mother knew I had just learned how to ride for a short time, ___37___ she asked me to wear some safety equipment (装备).
A. or. B. but C. since D. so.
根据句意，“我母亲知道我才学会骑单车不久，所以她让我带上安全装备。”和逻辑关系（因果关系，）故选A。
如：2021年天津市中考英语测试题中的完形填空的37题
Jessica Cox was born 37 arms.
37. A. without B. along C. including D. towards
根据句意（Jessica Cox天生就没有胳膊）和后文She learned to feed herself, paint and play the piano by using her feet.，故答案选A。
真题演练：
（2021年天津市中考）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Think of all the ways that you use your arms and hands. You use 36 to open doors, carry boxes, climb trees and ride bikes.
Jessica Cox was born 37 arms. But she didn't let that 38 her from doing things. She 39 to feed herself, paint and play the piano by using her feet.
When she was at 40 . Jessica watched the other students on the playground. She did not have hands to catch balls with, 41 she did not have arms to climb with. Jessica imagined herself as a girl of unusually （不寻常地）great ability. She would 42 over the playground and take her friends into the sky.
Many years later, when Jessica 43 she did fly. She learned to fly a plane! It was 44 work, but Jessica was patient, confident and brave. She controlled the plane with her feet. She made her 45 come true.
36. A. that B. them C. her D. it
37. A. without B. along C. including D. towards
38. A. divide B. add C. lend D. stop
39. A. paid B. refused C. learned D. forgot
40. A. school B. bed C. hospital D. town
41. A. so B. but C. and D. though
42. A. fly B. knock C. fall D. push
43. A. setup B. grew up C. gave up D. warmed up
44. A. comfortable B. lazy C. small D. hard
45. A. mark B. advice C. dream D. report
2.（2021年江苏省南京市中考）According to several recent surveys, some people fear public speaking more than anything else. 16 , this fear can be overcome (克服) with two simple methods: practice and using positive (正面的) energy from the audience. Practicing for a speech is essential. 17 the task of writing the speech is complete, speakers must practice, practice, practice. The more times they practice the speech, the more 18 they are discussing the topic. Using 19 such as mirrors or video recordings as they practice can show speakers what they look and sound like to the audience. Video is particularly helpful as it can be 20 many times, with the presenters focusing (集中) on one part at a time. Another 21 of dealing with public speaking fears is using the audience’s positive energy. Speakers need to remember that the audience wants them to 22 . Something as basic as a small nod or a smile from a member of the audience should give 23 to the presenters behind the podium. While it is easy for nervous speakers to focus only on getting through the presentation, using the audience's 24 will (意愿) helps much in making a speech better.
All in all, these two strategies are sure to help with fear of public speaking. With proper practice and audience empathy (共鸣), it is 25 to overcome the fear of public speaking and deliver a successful speech. So there is no need to fear public speaking any more.
（ ）16. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Sadly D. Terribly
（ ）17. A. Unless B. After C. Until D. Before
（ ）18. A. nervous B. scared C. comfortable D. difficult
（ ）19. A. objects B. activities C signs D. instructions
（ ）20. A. found B. sold C. cleared D. watched
（ ）21. A. cause B problem C. way D purpose
（ ）22. A. surprise B scream C. suppose D. succeed
（ ）23. A. confidence B challenge C. humour D. service
（ ）24. A. poor B good C. weak D. free
（ ）25. A. necessary B. important C. interesting D. possible
3. （2021年云南省中考）
When I was young, I was very proud. I liked to show off (炫耀) in front of others to earn their praise. But after one ___36___ experience, I came to understand that it’s important to be modest (谦虚).
One day, my friend and I were riding our bikes in a park. My mother knew I had just learned how to ride for a short time, ___37___ she asked me to wear some safety equipment (装备). “No, I won’t wear ___38___ !” I said, pointing at my friend’s elbows and knees, “She doesn’t wear it ___39___ !” “It’s dangerous,” my friend said, “You need more practice. ” “I might have learned later than you, but I can ride even ___40___ !” I said loudly. She narrowed her eyes and said, “Let’s wait and see!”
I saw a path leading into some woods. “I’ll race you!” I shouted. Then we rode towards the woods. ___41___ , the path wasn’t as smooth as I thought. I kept bumping (颠簸) up and down, and then suddenly. . . bam! I fell ___42___ my bike. I ___43___ my elbows and knees bleeding. “Ha-ha!” My friend made a face and helped me up. “Be more careful next time,” she said. Tears ran down my ___44___ “Sorry,” I said.
All in all, this experience made me realize that we must be ___45___ . A fall into a pit,again in my wit.
36. A. forgettable B. unforgettable C. useless . D. hopeless
37. A. or. B. but C. since D. so.
38. A. it B. itself C. them D. themselves
39. A. also B. either C. too D. neither
40. A. slower B. worse C. harder D. better
41. A. Because B. Unless C. However D. Though
42. A. down B. off C. of D. into
43. A. felt B. tasted C. smelt D. sounded
44. A. leg B. arm C. hand D. face
45. A. proud B. rude C. modest D. anxious
4.（2021年内蒙古呼伦贝尔市中考英语试卷）
Run for Class President
Two months ago，when our class election （选举） started，I decided to nun for class president.I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people，so I felt it easy to win.But I was （1）　 　that people would feel bad for me if I lost.
I was busy preparing in the following week.My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （2）　C　but to show my class why I wanted to be the president.I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom.I also spent three hours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could tum to whenever they had a problem.Since I was （3）　A　prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong.
However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应） wasn't what I had （4）　D　.Few people actually listened.When it was my opponent's （对手的） turn，everyone was screaming （尖叫） his name.His speech was short， （5）　D　all to the point.By then，I realized I should have made（6）　C　 shorter and clearer.
It was obvious （明显的） who would （7）　D　.For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over.I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through.
My prediction was right：I didn't win.The next day，people were still talking about the （8）　 　.I just pretended （假装） not to hear.But later，things got better.People （9）　A　about the election and talked to me just as they did before.
I don't regret putting time and energy（10）　 　the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect.And moments of failure like this build character一since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.
（1）A.bored B.afraid C.excited D.hopeful
（2）A compare B.remember C.manage D.repeat
（3）A.fully B.quickly C.freshly D.slowly
（4）A.feared B.faced C.mentioned D.pictured
（5）A.so B.or C.and D.but
（6）A.my B.myself C.mine D.me
（7）A reply B.return C.wait D.win
（8）A discussion B.election C.decision D.invitation
（9）A.forgot B.wrote C.cared D.discussed
（10）A.for B.into C.at D.on
5.(2021年安徽省初中学业水平考试英语试题)
When I was young, I was interested in Chinese movies that I wanted to know more about Chinese culture like Kungfu and Xiqu. I often 31 to go to China one day.
Luckily, when I was learning theater at university, I was provided with a chance lo study 32 . There was a programme study Asian theater arts either in China or in India. I 33 to go to China and learn Beijing Opera in a Chinese theater school. The school offered me a place to practice. It was good 34 I could practice whenever I wanted. Also I had 35 lessons -the teacher would give me one-to-one class for three hour. That was the best part of my study in China.I do appreciate(感激)this chance to 36 the beautiful art!
I got a lot from my study in China.It has greatly 37 me and helped me develop into a more skillful 38 . This Chinese art gives me plenty of 39 . so I can use them when I perform (表演) other shows in Europe. I have 40 an art center to teach Beijing Opera, Now there are more fans of Beijing Opera in my country.
31. A. chose B. managed C. forgot D. dreamed
32.A. here B. inside C. abroad D. online
33.A. failed B. decided C. regretted D. continued
34. A. until B. though C. unless D. because
35. A. easy B. private C. boring D. social
36. A. learn B. expect C. test D. celebrate
37. A influenced B. troubled C. guarded D. controlled
38. A. writer B. doctor C. actor D. pilot
39. A. orders B. clothes C. tools D. poems
40. A. kept off B. broken into C pointed out D. set up
(2021年河南省初中学业水平考试英语试题)
“I don’t want to go, Miss White. I’m frightened (害怕的), very frightened,” Monica told
her teacher.
Monica was a very 41 girl. She always sat at the back of the classroom, 42 or taking notes. Every Monday morning, there would be a special show in her class and one student would be 43 to make a speech about his or her dream. Miss White hoped that Monica could have a try the next week. But she refused.
“I know that it seems 44 for you, but it will help you build up your confidence,” said Miss White. Monica was lost in thought.
The next day, Monica came to Miss White’s office. Miss White was 45 that she would take the chance. Miss White red-penciled her manuscript (手稿) of speech, corrected her 46 , and even helped with her body language. She advised Monica to practice, to 47 that she was
speaking confidently in front of her class. 48 a whole week, Monica practiced speaking in front of her imaginary friends and teacher. Behind the locked door of her bedroom, she told them about her 49 .
Finally, Monday arrived. 50 Monica was called upon to give her speech, she 51 and walked to the front of the class without any notes, in a show of confidence. Monica’s successful performance brought everyone a great 52 . The whole class clapped (鼓掌) for a full minute when she completed her speech. Miss White 53 . She had known that Monica would make it when she 54 took her first step to overcome (克服) her fear of speaking in public.
From that day, Monica’s life changed for the better. At the age of 23, she became a news reader. People who see her on television now will find it hard to 55 that she was once a shy girl who refused to speak up in class.
41.A. active B. lazy C. quiet D. polite
42.A. reading B. singing C. talking D. laughing
43.A. warned B. forced C. caught D. chosen
44.A. difficult B. important C. necessary D. interesting
45.A. mad B. glad C. bored D. afraid
46.A. instruction B. conversation C. explanation D. pronunciation
47.A. realize B. examine C. imagine D. introduce
48.A. By B. For C. With D. Along
49.A. job B. hobby C. dream D. promise
50.A. When B. Until C. Since D. Though
51.A. woke up B. looked up C. stood up D. dressed up
52.A. secret B. thought C. decision D. surprise
53.A. agreed B. smiled C. answered D. regretted
54.A. easily B. luckily C. quickly D. bravely
55.A. expect B. believe C. discuss D. express
参考答案：
1. 2021年天津市中考 36-40 BADCA 41-45 CABDC
2. 2021年江苏省南京市中考16-20. ABCAD 41-45 CDABD
3. 2021年云南省中考36-40 BDABD 41-45 CBADC
4.2021年内蒙古呼伦贝尔市中考1-5. BCADD 6-10 CDBAB
5.2021年安徽省中考31-35. DCBDB 36-40 AACCD
6. 2021年河南省中考41-45 CADAB 46-50 DCBCA
51-55 CDBDB