英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 3 The world of colours and light（5）课时跟踪检测

英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 3（5）课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The dirty street was disgusting (令人作呕的)．
2．She's beginning to get wrinkles (皱纹) round her eyes.
3．She dipped (伸入，浸入) her finger into the water to see if it was hot.
4．Cut the pork into thin slices (薄片)．
5．She sprayed (喷洒) herself with perfume.
6．Her husband is a chef (厨师长) in a big restaurant.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．—You look so pale, dear. You must________．
—Yes, I've got a cold, I think.
A．have a look　　　　　　　 B．have a go
C．have a rest D．have a swim
解析：选C　考查短语辨析。句意：“亲爱的，你的脸色看起来很苍白，你必须休息一下。”“是的，我想我感冒了。”have a look“看一看”；have a go“试一试”， have a rest“休息一下”，have a swim“去游泳”。由语境可知本题选C。
2．(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)We haven't discussed yet________ we are going to place our new furniture.
A．that B．which
C．what D．where
解析：选D　“________ we ... furniture”是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故选D。
3．Tony, mind your manners! Don't ________ while others are talking.
A．cut in B．cut across
C．cut down D．cut up
解析：选A　考查cut的短语。句意：Tony，注意礼貌！别人说话时不要插嘴。cut in“插嘴”，符合句意。cut across“抄近路穿过”；cut down“砍倒”；cut up“切碎；使伤心”。
4．The reason why I________ the third paragraph of the composition was that I thought it was off the point.
A．laid out B．put out
C．left out D．brought out
解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我删掉作文第三段的原因是我认为它跑题了。leave out“删除”，符合句意。lay out“展开，布置”；put out“熄灭，生产”；bring out“使显现，阐明”。
5．Seeing a dead fly in my dish, I felt________ and turned away to call the waiter.
A．troubled B．wicked
C．scared D．disgusted
解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我的饭菜中有一只死苍蝇，我觉得恶心，转过头去叫服务生。此句要用disgusted表示“恶心的”。troubled“麻烦的”；wicked“邪恶的”；scared“害怕的”。
6．Last week on the way home we were stuck________ a traffic jam for an hour.
A．on B．in
C．to D．by
解析：选B　句意：上周在回家的路上，我们因交通堵塞而受阻一个小时。be stuck in“陷入，困在……中”，符合句意。be stuck on“迷恋于”；be struck by“被……打动”。
7．—It's a good idea. But who's going to________ the plan?
—I think Tom and Greg will.
A．set aside B．carry out
C．take in D．get through
解析：选B　carry out“实施(计划等)”，符合句意。set aside“把……放一边”；take in“吸收；欺骗”；get through“接通电话；完成”。
8．The city was________ with the town hall on a hill in its centre.
A．made out B．got out
C．set out D．laid out
解析：选D　考查短语辨析。句意：这座城市是以坐落在小山上的市政厅为中心进行布局的。lay out“布置，设计”，符合句意。make out“理解”；get out“出来”；set out“出发”。
9．Alice is kind, careful, energetic and has much experience of looking after children. In a word, she is very ________．
A．comfortable B．flexible
C．available D．reliable
解析：选D　考查形容词辨析。句意：爱丽丝和蔼，细心，精力旺盛，有照顾孩子的丰富经验。总之，她是非常值得信任的。comfortable“舒服的”；flexible“灵活的”；available“可得到的”；reliable“可靠的”。由句意可知D项正确。
10．Once a decision has been made, all of us should________ it.
A．direct to B．stick to
C．lead to D．refer to
解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦做出决定，我们都应该坚持它。故B项符合句意。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Pablo Picasso almost never stopped creating, leaving thousands of drawings, paintings and sculptures that attract crowds to museums and mansions worldwide. Now, a retired electrician says that 271 of the master's creations have been sitting for decades in his garage.
Picasso's heirs (继承人) claiming theft, the art world is appreciating what appears to be an authentic (可信的) finding and the workman, who installed burglar alarms for Picasso, is defending what he calls a gift from the most famous artist of the 20th century.
Picasso's son and other heirs say they were approached by electrician Pierre Le Guennec in September to confirm the undocumented art from Picasso's signature Cubist period.
Instead, they filed a suit for illegal possession of the works — all but theft by a man not known to be among the artist's friends. Police took by surprise the electrician's French Riviera home last month, questioned him and his wife, and took the artworks away from them.
Le Guennec and his wife say Picasso's second wife gave them a trunk full of art that they kept virtually untouched until they decided to put their affairs in order for their children. The Picasso estate describes that account as ridiculous.
“When Picasso made just a little drawing on a metro ticket, he would keep it，” said Jean-Jacques Neuer, a lawyer for Picasso estate.“To think he could have given 271 works of art to somebody who isn't even known among his friends is, of course, absurd.”
The pieces, which include lithographs, portraits, a watercolor and sketches, were created between 1900 and 1932, an intensely creative period for Picasso after he moved from Barcelona to Paris.
Among them are a richly colored hand study; a sketch of his first wife, Russian ballerina Olga Khokhlova, resting an elbow in a seated pose; and a collage of a pipe and bottle.
The collage and eight others in the stash (藏匿物) are worth 40 million euros on their own, Picasso estate says. All of the art is now held by the French agency charged with battling illegal trade in cultural items.
Le Guennec, 71, says he worked at three of Picasso's properties in southern France: A Cannes villa, a chateau in Vauvenarges and a farmhouse in Mougins, the town where Picasso died in 1973. The French daily Liberation, which broke the story on Monday, said Le Guennec had installed a security alarm system for Picasso at the farmhouse.
Picasso's son Claude, quoted in Liberation, noted that his father was known for his generosity, but that he always dedicated, dated and signed his gifts, as he knew that some recipients might try to sell the works one day. The estate administrators, who examined the works for about three hours in September, considered that the works might be fakes. But they later ruled that out.
语篇解读：一位退休电工声称藏有271件毕加索赠予的作品。这些作品到底是真是假，是通过非法手段获取的吗？
1．From the passage we know the artworks mentioned________．
A．are in the hands of Le Guennec and his wife
B．have been returned to Picasso's heirs
C．are worth 40 million euros
D．were created between 1900 and 1932
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第七段内容可知这些艺术作品创作于1900年到1932年间。
2．Which of the following descriptions about Le Guennec is NOT true?
A．He is now a retired electrician.
B．He informed Picasso's son and other heirs of the artworks by Picasso.
C．He knows many of Picasso's friends.
D．He was questioned by the police and the artworks were taken away from him.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后一句可知A项正确；根据第三段的内容可知B项正确，根据第四段最后一句可知D项正确；根据第六段最后一句可知C项说法错误。故选C项。
3．According to Jean-Jacques Neuer，________．
A．Picasso had the habit of drawing on metro tickets
B．the newly found artworks of Picasso's were fakes
C．Picasso couldn't have given Le Guennec so many of his artworks
D．Picasso never presented his artworks to his friends
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第六段Jean-Jacques Neuer所说的话可知他认为毕加索不可能给Le Guennec那么多艺术品。
4．The passage mainly focuses on________．
A．the life story of Picasso
B．the characteristics of Picasso's works
C．the finding of some of Picasso's works
D．the value of Picasso's works
解析：选C　主旨大意题。文章重点就新发现的毕加索作品的情况展开。
5．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that________．
A．Claude said his father was too mean to have given anyone his artworks
B．Claude thought the artworks mentioned were obtained in an illegal way
C．it remains to be confirmed by the estate administrators whether the artworks mentioned are fakes or not
D．Picasso used to sign his artworks in order for recipients to sell them
解析：选B　推理判断题。通过该段第一句话中的转折连词but可以看出Claude认为这些画不可能是毕加索赠予的，而是Le Guennec通过非法手段获取的。
Ⅳ.选做题
?任务型阅读(江苏专用)
Interviewing someone for a job is not as easy as it looks. First, as the interviewer, you're tasked with finding the person who will not only do the job well but also fit in well with the other employees.
You have to make an evaluation of abstract qualities that can't be found on a résumé. Because you have to repeat the process for every potential employee, you end up asking question after question, applicant after applicant.
Still, interviewers need to be told something：“What is your biggest weakness？” is not a good question. It just isn't.
Now, job seekers have to understand that interviewers want to find some way to know what makes an applicant different from others. Asking questions that are seemingly impossible to answer is one way to see who can think creatively. Then what may be a proper way to respond to such a question?
Honesty, with a twist (新手法)
“‘What are your three strengths and three weaknesses？’ is a classic, but not too many people know how to answer this，” says Kenneth C. Wisnefski, founder and CEO of WebiMax, an online marketing company.
“As an interviewer, we want to hear strengths that describe initiative (主动性), motivation and dedication. The best way to respond is to include these qualities into specific ‘personal statements’．”
“Similarly, weaknesses should be positioned as a strength that can benefit the employer.”
“I like to hear applicants state an exaggerated strength, and put an interesting twist on it. An example of this is, ‘My initiative is so strong that sometimes I take on too many projects at a time.’”
This answer leads with a strength that employers want — initiative — and still acknowledges that you're not perfect.
Although you might consider this acknowledgement too honest, it works because it proves you're being honest.
Honesty, with progress
When you consider what your weaknesses are, think about how you have attempted to overcome them. No one is perfect, so pretending that you are a perfectionist will come across as insincere.
Debra Davenport, author of “Career Shuffle”， believes citing (引用) examples are the best approach.
“My preferred response for this question is to tell the truth without damaging the applicant's image.” Davenport explains.
“A better response might be, ‘I've had some challenges with work-life balance in the past and I realize that a life out of balance isn't good for me, my family or my employer. I've taken the time to learn better time and project management, and I'm also committed to my overall wellness.’”
The answer adds some dimension to the question, and proves you've thought beyond the answer. You've actually changed your behavior to address the situation, even if you haven't completely overcome the weakness.
Put yourself in the interviewer's shoes
However you decide to answer, Debra Yergen, author of “Creating Job Security Resource Guide”， recommends job seekers imagine themselves sitting on the other side of the desk.
“If you were doing the hiring, what would you be looking for? What would be your motivation for asking certain questions? Who would you be trying to weed out? If you can empathize (共鸣) with the interviewer, you can better understand what they want and need, and then frame your qualifications to meet their needs for the position you seek.”
Once you consider what the goal of the question is and figure out what your honest answer is, you'll be able to give the best possible answer to a tricky question.
Job Interviews
Tasks for a job interviewer
☆Find the person both doing the job well and (1)________ along well with other employees.
☆(2)________ abstract qualities of applicants by asking one question after another.
(3)__________ to interviewees for replying to a tricky question
☆Understand that the interviewers want to (4)____________ between applicants and that asking a question seemingly impossible to answer is one way to see an applicant's (5)________．
☆Be (6)________ and inventive when asked about your weaknesses, and respond properly.
☆Never (7)________ you are perfect, which may be believed to be insincere.
☆Try to show that you've changed a lot (8)________ you haven't completely get rid of your weaknesses.
☆Put yourself in the interviewer's shoes and have a better (9)________ of their needs for the job.
Conclusion
With the goal of the question (10)________ into account and the honest answer in your mind, you will be able to give the best possible answer.
答案：1.getting　2.Evaluate　3.Tips/Suggestions　4.distinguish　5.creativity　6.honest　7.pretend　8.though/although　9.understanding　10.taken
?任务型读写(安徽专用)
If you are asked to chair a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management.
1. Always start the meeting on time. If you begin on time, group members who show up late will realize the value of time. Beginning on time reflects the skill as an effective time manager and sets an example for others to follow.
2. Select a note-taker or arrange to have the meeting audio-taped .You may need to refer back to an issue that was discussed during the meeting at a later date. Good record-keeping is a sign of a good meeting manager as well.
3. Learn to listen. So many times we think we are going to say and, in the process, block out important points that other group members may be contributing. Additionally, we often hear only what we want to hear, rather than really listen to other people. Meetings that are characterized by effective listening are successful meetings.
4. Keep the discussion on track.Many times important issues can get sidetracked in a meeting, especially when everyone has a different opinion about the topic. If an unexpected conflict develops once the meeting is in progress, either appoint a subcommittee to look into the problem, or ask the participants involved in the conflict to meet with you after the meeting. Doing so will help keep the discussion on track and minimize (减少) the chances of wasting participants' time of great value.
5. Give everyone an opportunity to be heard.Some people tend to control meetings, whereas others wait to be asked their opinions. As the leader of the meeting, you need to keep an open mind and make sure everyone feels welcome to contribute and express ideas without criticism.
6. End on time. If you said the meeting would last no longer than one hour, make sure the meeting lasts for only one hour. Running late with a meeting makes members late for other appointments, increases the chances that the members will mentally leave the meeting and reduces your reliability as an effective meeting manager.
(1)______on how to manage a meeting
Rules
Reasons
Start the meeting on time.
(2)______the skill as an effective time manager and set an example.
Select a note-taker or (3)______the meeting.
Need to refer to a discussed issue (4)______.
Learn to listen.
Listen (5)______to make sure it is a successful meeting.
Keep the (6)______.on track.
Minimize the chances of wasting participants' (7) ______time.
Give everyone an (8)_______to be heard.
Make everyone feel (9)_______．to speak.
(10)______on time.
Increase your reliability as an effective meeting manager.
答案：1.Advice/Suggestions/Tips　2.Reflect　3.audio-tape/record　4.later　5.effectively　6.discussion　7.valuable　8.opportunity　9. welcome　10.End
?阅读填空(湖南专用)
In simple words, hibernation is a state of deep sleep. Hibernation differs from normal sleep in various ways. Hibernating animals take a long time to wake up from their sleep. Turning or kicking their bodies does not seem to wake them up. Even after waking up from hibernation, these animals take some time to restart their normal activities. During hibernation, the heart rate slows down and some of the non-vital organs become entirely inactive. This is a state in which the body uses very little energy.
Winter is the time when food is less and weather rough. Animals have to spend a lot of energy finding food. Even if they succeed in finding anything, it is often not enough to make up for the loss of energy. Besides, the cold weather may often become a cause of death. As a result of all these, animals have to reduce their food demand by reducing energy requirements. This is achieved by hibernating throughout the winter.
Before the onset of winter, when there is plenty of food, animals eat overmuch and store much of the food in the form of fat. As winter arrives, they return to their home where they spend the rest of winter hibernating. As animals hibernate, their body temperature starts dropping due to lack of activity and metabolism (新陈代谢). At one point, it is only a few degrees higher than the surrounding temperature. Whatever energy the body needs to perform certain tasks is got from the fat storage. Due to lack of activity, the fat burning process is slow and steady. The energy from fat is enough to keep the animal alive for the rest of the winter.
Hibernation differs for every species. For example, some animals like black bears may sleep throughout the winter without waking up while animals like squirrels may wake up every 4 days to eat some food, pass waste matter from the body, and then go back to sleep. Hibernation in domestic (家养的) animals may differ from that in the wild ones. As there is no food shortage for domestic animals, domestic animals hibernate as a result of their natural instinct (本能) but with more active periods in between.
答案：1.(Animals') Hibernation　2.Definition　3.Reasons　4.restart normal activities　5.Spending (much) energy　6.die　7.activity and metabolism　8.(necessary) energy　9.slowly and steadily　10.Domestic animals