2022年人教版中考英语语法讲解和练习——情态动词（无答案）

2022年人教版九年级中考语法讲解和练习
情态动词
1. can (could)
1）表示能力，could主要指过去的能力。
She can dance well but two years ago she couldn’t dance at all.
2）表示推测“可能” 多用于否定句和疑问句。用于肯定句时表示（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。Could 表示可能性更小。
He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car.
3）表示请求允许。“可以”Could 语气更加委婉。
Can (could) I have a look at your new pen
2. may (might)
1）表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。多用于否定句和疑问句
You may take whatever you like.
May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby
在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式
肯定回答：Yes, please. / Certainly. /sure /yes，you can.
否定回答：No, you can’t./ Please don’t ./ You’d better not. / No, you mustn’t.
must
1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。
We must do everything step by step.
以must引起的问句。
肯定回答：Yes, you must.
否定回答：No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to.
No, you don’t need to. / You’d better not.
注意：不必。一般不用mustn’t。mustn’t表示禁止。
4. shall
1）表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。
Shall I get you some tea
2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。
You shall do as I say. （命令）
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. （警告）
5. will
1）表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。I will do anything for you.
2）表请求，用于疑问句。Will you close the window It’s a bit cold.
3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fish will die out of water.
6.would（will的过去式）
1）表意愿。They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.
2）表委婉提出请求、建议或看法。Would you mind cleaning the window
3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。
Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.
7. should
1）表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。
You shouldn’t waste any time.
2）表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。
The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.
8.need作情态动词的用法：
1）need用作情态动词时表“必须必要”的意思,后直接跟动词原型,且need无人称、数的变化。need用作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句中.
Need he bring his laptop tomorrow 明天他必须带他的笔记本过来吗
You needn't worry about it because it's not your fault.行啦,你不必担心的因为那不是你的错.
注意:
need与must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答时一样的。
need作实意动词的用法：
1）need + something 需要某物
I need some fruits to eat.我需要些水果来吃.
2）need to do something 需要做某事
You don't need to have the bike repaired right away.
3）need somebody to do something 需要某人做某事
注意：
1. can 和be able to
情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而be able to有多种 时态形式。
Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was 5.
用在过去时中，could经常表示能够做某事，事实上不一定去做。
而was∕were able to则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。
Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain.
2. must和 have to
must表示主观意志，而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式。
I told her that she must give up smoking.
We had to get everything ready that night.
3.表猜测
肯定推测：must She must be Lily.
否定推测：can’t If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet.　
不确定：may She may be in Wuhan.
对点练习
( ) 1. –_____ I take some photos in the hall
–No, you _____.
A. Can; needn’t B. Must; mustn’t C. Could; won’t D. May; mustn’t
( ) 2. –Look! A man is cutting trees on the moon
–It _____ be true. There is no air on the moon.
A. can’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
( ) 3. –Whose exam paper is it
–It _____ be Tom’s. He always forgets to write his name on it.
A. can’t B. must C. shouldn’t D. may
( ) 4. –Guess what! Our team won the school basketball match.
–Congratulations! You _____ be very proud.
A. can B. may C. must D. would
( ) 5. –Must I stay here with you
–No, you _____. You may go home, but you _____ go to the cyber cafe （网吧）.
A. mustn’t; needn’t B. needn’t; mustn’t
C. must; need D. need; must
( ) 6. –Is Mr. White in his office now
–No, he _____ there. I _____ him in the classroom just now.
A. may be; saw B. can’t be; see
C. mustn’t be; see D. can’t be; saw
( ) 7. –How many friends will come to your _____ birthday
–About _____.
A.fifteen; fifteen B. fifteenth; fifteenth
C. fifteen; fifteenth D. fifteenth; fifteen
( ) 8. –Must I take the borrowed book back to the school library now
–No, you _____. You can _____ it for another one _____ and a half.
A.should not; take; week B. cannot; keep; weeks
C. may not; take; weeks D. needn’t; keep; week
( ) 9. –Can you see the basketball under the chair It _____ belong to Jack.
–It _____ be Jack’s because he never plays basketball.
A. may; mustn’t B. can; can’t C. might; can’t D. should; mustn’t
( ) 10. I’m glad I have my own room in my house. I ______ do all I like in it.
A. can B. must C. will D. need
( ) 11. –_____ I have your name, please
–Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L.
A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need
( ) 12. –May I go to the cinema, dad
–No, you________. You must finish your homework first.
A. mustn't B. won't C. don't D. needn't
( ) 13. Susan's parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ____be very expensive.
A.must B. can C. mustn't D. can't
( ) 14. –Can you go swimming with us this afternoon
–Sorry, I can't. I______take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.
A.can B. may C. would D. have to
( ) 15. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish________into the river.
needn't be thrown B. mustn't be thrown
C. can't throw D. may not throw