语篇填空（2）——2022届中考英语二轮复习题型速练（word版，含答案和解析）

语篇填空（2）
一、阅读短文,从方框中选择恰当的词语并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每个限用一次。
student, forget, come true, fan, ever since, begin, without, pay, hard, expensive
Zhang Lingxin is a 66-year-old woman in Shanghai. About three years ago, she ①________ to learn how to play the piano at a community (社区) school. Now, she can play two classical piano songs.
Zhang was a music ②________ when she was a little girl. Learning to play the piano was her childhood dream. But pianos were very ③________ at that time and very few families had one. “Now, I have the chance (机会) to play the piano, and I feel that my childhood dream has finally ④________,” says Zhang.
Zhang ⑤________ only 200 yuan per semester (每学期) to take a two-hour piano class at the community school once a week. Most of the ⑥________ at this school, she says, are aged between 60 and 80 and have little or no experience in playing music.
Zhang says that it is common for elderly people ⑦________ what the teacher taught in class. They need to practice ⑧________ so that they don’t fall behind.
“As soon as I get home, I practice what the teacher taught again and again. It feels so good when I can play a piece ⑨________ stopping,” she says.
About twenty years ago, Shanghai became China’s first city where community schools offered piano lessons to the elderly. ⑩________ then, about 100,000 elderly people have attended these classes.
二、阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
popular, article, live, until, make, wall, like, hide, ancient, we
The Inca people lived in the Andes Mountains in South America over 500 years ago. They used stone to build wonderful buildings. Most Inca cities did not have ①_______ around them, but they were very safe (安全的). There were large stone fortresses (堡垒) near each city. When there was danger, the people could ②_______ in the fortresses.
The most famous Inca city is Machu Picchu. Machu Picchu is high in the Andes Mountains in Peru. Local (当地的) people didn't know it was there ③_______ Hiram Bingham, from America, visited Peru and saw the ruins (遗迹) of this ④_______ city in 1911. When he returned to America, he wrote a(n) ⑤_______ about Machu Picchu in a magazine. Soon the rest of the world knew about this wonderful place.
Today, the streets of the city are ⑥_______ a stone maze (迷宫) for people to walk through. There are still some things that we don't know about Machu Picchu today. For example, no one knows why the Inca people stopped ⑦_______ there. Some people think an illness ⑧_______ them run away from the city. However, it is difficult to find out if they are right because there are no records to tell ⑨_______.
It has been over 100 years since the rest of the world first heard about Machu Picchu. Today, Machu Picchu is ⑩_______ around the world. If you travel to Peru, you should certainly visit the amazing lost city of the Inca.
三、阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
life, two, though, sure, many, huge, drop, world, condition, seem
Rainforests are forests with very tall trees. There are rainforests in Africa, Asia, Australia, and Central and South America. The biggest rainforest is the Amazon rainforest. More than half of it is in Brazil, ①________ several other countries, including Peru and Ecuador, also share parts of it. The ②________ biggest rainforest is the Congo in Africa.
Everything ③________ bigger in the rainforest. You can find ④________ trees and plants with large leaves there. The tallest trees may grow as high as 61m.
Rainforests have ⑤________ species (物种) of plants and animals than anywhere else on Earth. You might find as many as 300 kinds of trees in a rainforest. More than half of the ⑥________ animals live there, too. Scientists are pretty ⑦________ that many of the plants and animals in the rainforest haven’t been discovered (被发现) yet.
Why is there so much ⑧________ in the rainforest Because of the warm and wet ⑨________. Most rainforests are along or near the equator (赤道). It never snows and the temperature never ⑩________ much below about 20℃. Some places get about 2.5cm of rain or more every day. All this rain and warmth helps plants grow. When plants grow well, animals have lots to eat.
四、阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
clear, stand, country, smile, from, if, kind, they, feel, marry
Cindy lived in Maine, USA. She had black hair and brown eyes. She had lots of friends. They were from different ①_______. Cindy didn't think about the color of ②_______ skin (皮肤). She liked her friends because they were fun and nice.
At school her teacher was talking about people. She said, “A long time ago, people could not be friends ③_______ they were not the same color. They could not eat at the same place. They could not get water ④_______ the same river. They could not go to the same school. And they even could not get ⑤_______.”
Cindy was thinking hard. She started to dream. A black man was ⑥_______ among lots of people in Washington, D.C. He was talking. People were clapping (鼓掌) and cheering. It was a hot day in 1963. Cindy could ⑦_______ the warm air.
Cindy walked closer so that she could hear the man's voice ⑧_______. “I have a dream today,” he said. He also added that it was a dream that all people could be ⑨_______ and fair to each other. Cindy clapped and cheered, too. She ⑩_______ at the man. He was Martin Luther King.
五、阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
move, training, if, maybe, several, for, change, child, become, you
People do volunteer work for many reasons. Let’s look at ①________ top reasons. After each reason, there is an example. Check (打上钩) the box ②________ the example matches (与……相一致) what you want to get from the volunteer experience:
□You want to help at a place that is important to you. For example, you might choose to help ③________ club because you want it to be a better place.
□You want to meet others. When I ④________ to the town I now live in, I volunteered at my son’s school because I wanted to meet other people with ⑤________.
□You want to learn something new. My son has always liked going to live plays, but was afraid to be on stage (舞台). He now volunteers ⑥________ one theater. He wants to get some ⑦________ and learn about stage experience slowly.
Which did you check Your reason or reasons for ⑧________ a volunteer will help guide you along your way. ⑨________ you didn’t check any. That is fine. There are other reasons why you want to become a volunteer. No matter what the reason is, becoming a volunteer will open new doors for you and may ⑩________ your life, and you will feel like you really make a difference!
六、根据短文内容及所给提示,在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。
Many people don't treat animals as their friends. They destroy ①_____(forest) to make more space for buildings and roads. This makes many animals ②_____ (lose) their food and homes. Every day, ③_____ (thousand) of animals lose their lives because ④_____ people's behaviour.
Many kinds of animals are in ⑤_____ (dangerous). They may disappear one day if people do nothing to ⑥_____ (save) them. And once they disappear, they will not come back anymore!
Every animal has ⑦_____ place in nature. People should learn to share the world ⑧_____ them. ⑨_____ (lucky), many people are doing something to make the world a better place for both humans and animals. Many countries make laws, too. If more people start to care about animals, animals will live a much ⑩_____ (happy) life.
七、阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
heavy, however, get, woman, easy, drink, child, chore, carry, take
All over the world, families wash, cook, and clean their homes. When people have water in their houses, they can wash with it, cook with it and ①_______ it. They don't even think about it!
②_______, in many small villages in Africa, far away from the big cities, the houses don't have water. In those villages, it is usually ③_______ job to fetch (去取) water for the family home. Children help their mothers and older sisters with this important ④_______. But often lakes or rivers are far from home and water is ⑤_______, so women and children can't fetch enough water in one trip. It usually ⑥_______ many hours and more than one person to fetch water. That's why ⑦_______ sometimes don't go to school.
It is good news that Q Drum, a new invention (发明), is there to help. The Q Drum can ⑧_______ about 50 liters (升) of water, and it is easy to pull (拉). That means a woman or a child can make only one trip ⑨_______ enough water. This makes life much ⑩_______ for the families in those villages. And if children only carry water home once a day or once every two days, they can go to school.
八、根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。
Have you ever heard of friendships among animals At a zoo in Germany, an unusual friendship developed ①_____ a cat and a bear.
No one is quite sure how the friendship first began. One day, some ②_____ (work) in the zoo noticed a black cat was in a bear's cage, and the two animals were playing together peacefully. They were ③_____ (surprise) how well the small cat seemed to get along with the large bear. The bear keeper allowed the cat to stay with the bear. And later the pair and their unusual friendship ④_____ (become) a hot topic at the zoo.
After several years, a new cage was ⑤_____ (build) for the bear. However, the cat was still in the same cage, so it walked around ⑥_____ (angry) and cried to be with the bear. The bear keeper finally took pity on the cat ⑦_____ let it stay with the bear. The cat and the bear got ⑧_____ (close) than before. They often sat together and shared meals in ⑨_____ sun.
Sometimes it may be natural for animals to have ⑩_____ (they) own ideas about who they would make friends with. These may surprise humans, who usually expect animals to form relationships with others of the same species.
答案以及解析
一、答案：1. began 2. fan 3. expensive 4. come true 5. pays 6. students 7. to forget 8. hard 9. without
10. Ever since
解析： 1.考查短语,句意:她开始在社区选校学习弹钢琴。此句考查短语,开始做某事,begin to do sth.前句时态是三年前,故用一般过去时,故答案为began。
2.考查名词,句意:当她还是个小女孩的时候是她就是音乐迷。故选择单词fan粉丝。
3.考查动词,句意:但是钢琴非常昂贵在那时且很少有人拥有它。常识可知钢琴昂贵,选择单词expensive昂贵的。
4.考查短语,句意:我感到我儿时的梦想终于实现了。此句考查短语,实现,come true,故答案为come true。
5.考查动词,句意:张女士只花了200元每学期,每周在社区学校学习2个小时的钢琴。花费,pay,这个句子表示经常性的动作,其主语需是人,且此处主语是第三人称单数,故答案为pays。
6.考查名词单复数,句意:她说,绝大多数的学生年龄在60到80岁之间,且他们几乎或者会一点音乐,根据后句at school,推断此处选择单词student,且此处作复数,故答案为students。
7.考查句式,句意:张女士说老人容易忘记课堂上所学是很普遍的事情.it's common for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人而言是正常的,故答案为to forget。
8.考查副词,句意:他们需要努力练习这样就不会落后。此处选择一个修饰动词practice的副词,hard,努力地,放在此处符合题意,故答案为hard。
9.考查介词,句意:当我可以不终止而弹完一首时我感觉很好。without,介词,后接动词用-ing形式,此处答案为without。
10.考查短语,句意:自那以后,大约1万老年人参加了这些课程。since,自......以来..ever since then,在此句中作时间状语。综上,答案为Ever since。
二、答案：1. walls 2. hide 3. until 4. ancient 5. article 6. like 7. living 8. made 9. us 10. popular
解析： 1. 句意:大部分印加城市附近没有墙。这里要用名词复数形式。故填:walls。
2. 句意:当有危险时人们可以躲在堡垒里。hide 躲藏。故填:hide。
3. 固定搭配:not ... until 直到 ... 才 ... 。故填:until。
4. 从上文知Machu Picchu是一个古老的城市。ancient 古老的。故填:ancient。
5. 句意:他写了一篇文章。article 文章,这里用名词单数。故填:article。
6. 句意:城市的街道就像一个石头迷宫。be like 像。故填:like。
7. 句意:没有人知道印加人为什么不再住在那里。stop doing sth. 停止做某事。故填:living。
8. 句意:有些人认为疾病使他们逃离了城市。make away from 逃避, 逃离。这里动词用过去式。故填:made。
9. 句意:因为没有任何记载可以告诉我们。此处要用宾格形式us 我们。故填:us。
10.句意:Machu Picchu在世界各地很受欢迎。popular 受欢迎的。故填:popular。
三、答案：1. though 2. second 3. seems 4. huge 5. more 6. world’s 7. sure 8. life 9. conditions
10. drops
解析： 本文讲述了热带雨林是自然界的一大部分。
1.【答案】though【核心词汇】though 尽管引导让步状语从句【解析】考查连词,though是“尽管” 的意思,文中句意是尽管其他几个国家也有一部分雨林。
2.【答案】second【核心词汇】second 序数词第二【解析】考查序数词, second是第二的意思,这里是用以表达第二大的雨林在刚果。
3.【答案】seems【核心词汇】seem 看起来像【解析】考查主谓一致,everything是复合不定代词,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
4.【答案】huge【核心词汇】huge 巨大【解析】考查形容词, huge有“巨大的,庞大的"之意
5.【答案】more【核心词汇】many 的比较级 more【解析】考查比较级, 根据句中的than“比” , 可知要用比较级,many的比较级是more.
6.【答案】world's【核心词汇】world 的所有格world's【解析】考查名词所有格,文中表达的意思是世上超过一半的动物生活在这因此world要变为名词所有格world's.
7.【答案】sure【核心词汇】be sure 确定【解析】考查短语pretty sure, 是“非常确定”的意思, sure作为形容词有“确定”之意。
8.【答案】life【核心词汇】life生命【解析】考查不可数名词, 根据so much可知life是不可数名词。
9.【答案】conditions【核心词汇】condition的复数形式conditions【解析】考查可数名词的复数形式, 根据文中的warm and wet,可知condition”条件”要变为复数形式,在末尾加s。
10.【答案】drops【核心词汇】drop下降【解析】考查主谓一致,主语是第三人称单数it,因此谓语动词drop要加s,在文中的意思是“下降”。
四、答案：1. countries 2. their 3. if 4. from 5. married 6. standing 7. feel 8. clearly 9. kind 10. smiled
解析： 1.根据句意,他们来自不同的国家,国家不止一个用复数。
2.根据句意,Cindy不介意他们的皮肤颜色,代指她的朋友们。
3.根据句意,很久以前,如果人们的皮肤颜色不同就无法成为朋友,表示假设关系。
4.根据句意,他们不能用来自同一条河的水,from,来自。
5.根据句意,他们甚至不能结婚。
6.根据句意,一个黑人站在华盛顿的人群中间。
7.根据句意,Cindy能感受到温暖的空气。
8.根据句意,Cindy站的近可以推断是为了听得更清楚,修饰动词用副词。
9.根据句意,他也补充道人们能对每个人平等友善也是一个梦想。
10.根据句意,她向那个男人笑。时态为一般过去时。
五、答案：1. several 2. if 3. your 4. moved 5. children 6. for 7. training 8. becoming 9. maybe
10. change
解析： 1.考查复数。根据reasons是复数,故选several几个,句意:让我们看看几个重要原因。
2考查从句。这里f如果,引导条件状语从句,句意:如果所举例子与你想要从志愿经历中得到的一致,就在框中打勾。
3.考查代词。根据后面的名词club俱乐部,可填写形容词性物主代词,故填your,句意:你可能选择帮助你的俱乐部因为你想它成为更好的地方。
4.考查时态。根据下文的wanted可知是一般过去时态,故填moved,句意:当我搬到我现在住的城镇。
5.考查根据上文在学校做志愿,可知都是孩子,故填children,句意:因为我想见其他有孩子的人。
6.考查介词。介词for(表示对象)为了,对,故填for,句意:他现在为一个剧院做志愿。
7.考查名词。根据下文stage experience舞台经验,故填training,句意:他想要得到一些培训,慢慢了解舞台经验。
8.考查介词。在介词后边动词要用动名词形成,故填becoming,句意:你成为一名志愿者的原因将会在你的人生道路上指引你。
9.考查副词。主句结构完整,可填写副词,注意句首首字母大写,故填Maybe,句意:也许你没查过。
10.考查动词。这里and连接,在may后用动词原形,故填change,句意:成为一名志愿者将会为你打开一扇新门,可能会改变你的生活。
六、答案： forests; lose; thousands; of; danger; save; its/a; with; Luckily; happier
解析：①forest为可数名词,且空前无限定词,故应用其复数形式forests。
②句意为:这使很多动物失去了它们的食物和家园。make sb/sth do sth意为“使某人/物做某事”, 故此处用动词原形。
③句意为:每天成千上万的动物失去生命……设空后面有of, 所以用thousands。
④because of意为“因为;由于”, 后加名词、代词或动名词,符合语境。
⑤句意为:许多种动物处于危险之中。in danger意为“处于危险中”,为固定搭配,符合语境。
⑥句意为:如果人们不做些什么来拯救它们,它们将来有一天可能会消失。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填save,意为“拯救”。
⑦句意为:每个动物在大自然中都有它的/一个位置。此处可用形容词性物主代词修饰place,结合主语Every animal,故填its;此处也可用不定冠词修饰place, 且place的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
⑧句意为:人们应该学会和它们分享这个世界。share sth with sb意为“与某人分享某物”, 故填介词with。
⑨句意为:幸好,许多人在做一些事情使世界成为一个对人类和动物来说都更好的地方。设空处位于句首作状语,应用副词并大写其首字母,根据句意和所给单词可知应填Luckily。
⑩句意为:如果更多的人开始关心动物,动物们就会过上更快乐的生活。根据句意及空前的much可知,此处应用比较级。
七、答案：1. drink 2. however 3. women's 4. chore 5. heavy 6. takes 7. children 8. carry 9. to get
10. easier
解析： 1. 句意:当人们家里有水的时候,他们可以用它洗澡,做饭和喝水。故填drink。
2. 句意:然而在非洲的许多小村庄。故填However。
3. 句意:在那些村子里,通常是妇女为家里打水。故填women's。
4. 句意:孩子们帮助他们的母亲和姐姐做这个重要的家务。故填chore。
5. 句意:但通常情况下,湖泊或河流离家里很远并且水很重。故填heavy。
6. 句意:打水通常要花很多小时,而且不止一个人。主语It后面接谓语单数形式。故填takes。
7. 句意:这就是孩子们不去上学的原因。故填children。
8. 句意:Q桶可以装50升水。can后面加动词原形。故填carry。
9. 句意:这意味着一个女人或一个孩子只需一次就可以得到足够的水。to引导目的状语。故填to get。
10. 句意:这使那些村庄的家庭生活更容易。此句有比较级含义,所以形容词用比较级。故填easier。
八、答案： between; workers; surprised; became; built; angrily; and; closer; the; their
解析：①句意为:在德国的一个动物园里,一只猫和一只熊之间产生了一段不寻常的友谊。between…and…意为“在……和……之间”,为固定搭配。故填between。
②句意为:一天,动物园的一些工作人员注意到一只黑猫在一只熊的笼子里……work的名词形式worker意为“工作人员”, 符合语境;worker为可数名词, some后的可数名词应用其复数形式。故填workers。
③句意为:他们惊奇于这只小猫似乎和这只大熊相处得那么融洽。形容词surprised意为“感到惊讶的”,用于形容人的感受,符合语境。故填surprised。
④根据上下文可知,此处是叙述过去发生的事情,应用become的过去式became。
⑤根据语境可知,a new cage和build之间是被动关系,故此处应用被动语态。故填build的过去分词built。
⑥分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词修饰walked。故填angrily。
⑦分析句子结构并结合语境可知,took pity on the cat 和let it stay with the bear之间是顺承关系。故填连词and。
⑧根据than before及语境可知此处用比较级,故填closer。
⑨in the sun意为“在阳光下”,为固定搭配。故填the。
⑩one's own…意为“某人自己的……”,为固定用法,故此处应用形容词性物主代词their。