任务型阅读（1）——2022届中考英语二轮复习题型速练（word版，含答案和解析）

任务型阅读（1）
一、
In your schoolbags, most of you may have a pencil, some kinds of pens, a ruler and some books. None of these things grow in the fields. They were all made in factories and invented by someone. They have not always been pencils, pens, rulers or books. Thousands of years ago, no one knew about these things. Even the simple production has the greatest technological advance at its time.
Who invented them We don’t always know. There have been many thousands of inventions，large and small in human history. Some of these inventions have changed the world, such as paper, printing and radio, and we know the inventions. But we have forgotten most of the other inventions. Who invented the clock, for example, or the lock to the door We don’t know. There have been thousands of inventors and we should thank them for their clever ideas. Will you be one of them when you grow up
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。
1. Inventors made most of the school things in your schoolbag. ( )
2. People didn't have such things as pens and pencils thousands of years ago. ( )
3. There have been a few inventions, large and small, in human history. ( )
4. Some of these inventions have changed the worlds such as paper, printing and radio. ( )
5. We know all the inventions and the inventors in human history. ( )
二、
There are two kinds of opinions on "the life in the past and the life today".
A: The life today is quite different from it in the past. On the one hand, the important technological developments do help humans solve a lot of problems. But on the other hand, the life in the past brought more happiness to people than it does today.
①_____ However, as the population of the world is getting larger, competition is getting fiercer(更激烈的). If you are not able to do your job well, someone will replace you soon.
B: The life today is much better than it was in the past. ②_____ The rice cookers, gas stoves and microwave ovens are of great help to many housewives. The rice cooker is a real time-saver. It is so simple to use that even a child can cook rice with it. There are some other gadgets (小机械) which save the long hours of doing housework for the housewives.
There are many other inventions which can make our life better. For example, the phones help people get in touch with each other more conveniently and the Internet makes people's life more colorful.
1.从A、B、C中为①②处选出恰当的选项，使文章通顺连贯、合理。
A. There are many new inventions that make our life easy and interesting.
B. The life was simple in the past.
C. The life is becoming richer and richer.
①________ ②________
2.What will happen if you can't do your job well
A. You can change your jobs.
B. You will have no pay.
C. Someone will take the place of you.
D. The boss will be angry with you.
3.请用一个英文短语替换下列句中画线词。
On the one hand, the important technological developments do help humans solve a lot of problems.
4.The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refers to _______.
5.请找出能反映文章主旨的主题句。
三、
There are plenty of myths (神话) to explain how the world came to have a moon to bring light to the night time. But now there is a plan for a man-made moon. It will give us much more light than the natural Moon.
China is preparing to put a man-made moon in the sky above Chengdu by the end of 2020. It will reflect sunlight back onto the Earth. If it succeeds, three more such objects will be sent out in 2022, according to Wu Chunfeng, a space scientist. Wu said it would be similar to how we get moonlight, but he predicted (预言) that the man-made moon would have eight times the brightness of the real one. This is because the object will be about 500 kilometers above the Earth. That will make it much closer to us than the Moon, which is over 380,000 kilometers away, Wu added.
If the plan works, the man-made moon will save a lot of power. Scientists predicted that Chengdu could save around 1.2 billion yuan in electricity every year if a new moon lit up 50 square kilometers of the city. And in 2022, four man-made moons can take turns reflecting sunlight as they will not always be in the best position relative to the Sun. Together, they can give light to an area of up to 6,400 square kilometers on the Earth for 24 hours. That means its brightness will be seen in most areas in China, so reducing the need for streetlights.
1.Which country is preparing to put a man-made moon in the sky above Chengdu by the end of 2020
2.What does Wu Chunfeng do
3.How far is it from the Moon to the Earth
4.Will it reduce the need for streetlights if the plan of man-made moons succeeds
5.What do you think of this plan
四、
"Just because you can't see something, that doesn't mean it's not there." This old saying is quite meaningful for British sculptor (雕刻家)Willard The items he creates are so small that most of them fit on the head of a pin. You can see them clearly only through a microscope (显微镜).
Many people want to own his art pieces. He's been honoured by the Queen of England for his great art achievements. At every one of his exhibitions, the question is always the same: How does he do it
The answer is very, very carefully. So carefully, in fact, that he actually slows his breathing down and works in between breaths. Willard usually works under a microscope using special tools that he creates. To paint his works, he uses the hair from a fly as a paintbrush.
Creating these detailed works is a very long and difficult process, and it isn't always enjoyable. "It is a terrible dream when I start but a nice dream when I finish," he says. A single item can take at least several weeks to complete.
People have asked Willard why he chose to do something that needed effort and took time. His interest in creating small things began when he was five. He started creating houses and playgrounds for ants. Willard was not a strong student. He had difficulty in reading and spelling words. Some kids used to call him a loser. This made him feel small, so focusing on little things helped him to feel big. The smaller his work got, the bigger he felt. A newspaper reporter said, "Willard has shown the world that he is special. Though _____, he _____."
1.Are Willard's art pieces big or small in size
2.When people visit Willard's exhibitions, what question do they always ask
3.What does Willard use to make a paintbrush
4.What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 4 refer to
5.Why did Willard choose to do something that needed effort and took time
6.What can be filled in the blanks in the last paragraph
五、
Peter could not sleep well and he woke up several times during the night, so he went to see a doctor. The doctor gave him some sleeping tips.
Have regular (有规律的) sleep Wake up at the same time and go to bed at the same time every day. This can make your sleep a bit better. Turn off the TV Don't watch TV for more than half an hour before you decide to sleep. Studies show that it is bad for the quality (质量) of your sleep. Read a book or listen to some light music to prepare your body for sleeping.
Have a clean and comfortable bedroom A clean environment helps people to be happy and relaxed. Make sure that you have turned off all lights that might come into your room. Do some exercise Exercising will help you to fall asleep more easily, so walk for 20 minutes every day and you will sleep better at night. But don't do it just before you go to bed.
根据材料内容，判断下列句子意思与原文是否相符，相符的写T，不相符的写F。
1. Peter went to see a doctor because there was something wrong with his stomach.
2. We should not watch TV for more than half an hour before going to sleep.
3. We can listen to some light music to prepare for sleep.
4. The doctor asked Peter to go to bed with the light on.
5. According to the passage, we'd better not do exercise at night.
六、
The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in China. Chinese people have been celebrating it for centuries. It comes in winter. We usually have a 7-day holiday, but in 2020, a disease called COVID-19 (新型冠状病毒肺炎) hit China. We had a longer holiday than before.
As we all know, the Spring Festival is a time to get new. We usually clean and decorate (装饰) our house carefully before it comes. Before the new year, I helped my mother clean the rooms and wash our quilts. My father put up red couplets (春联) on the doors and red paper cuttings on the windows. It's said that red is a lucky colour in China. In the new year, no matter how far it is, we come back to have a big dinner together with all the family members. However, we didn't visit any relatives and friends because of the sudden illness. I just said "Happy New Year" to my parents. At night, I was glad to talk with my friends on WeChat. It's exciting for me to get WeChat red packets from my grandparents. My mother likes buying all the products from the supermarket. During this new year, she had to order things on the Internet, so she received many packages(包裹).
After the Lantern Festival, we couldn't go to school. Instead, we studied on computers or phones at home. Our teachers organised online teaching for us, and we were able to have classes through the new way of teaching. During the holiday, how I hoped that I could go to school earlier.
On 7th April 2020, I went back to school. As I started my new journey, I couldn't forget this special Spring Festival.
1. Why did the writer have a longer holiday this year
2. Did the writer's father put red paper cuttings on the windows
3. Who gave the writer WeChat red packets
4. How did the writer's mother buy products during this Spring Festival
5. What did the writer's teachers organise for students this holiday
七、
Traveling by subway can sometimes be a challenge, especially during rush hour. You have to fight your way into the carriage (车厢), and keep away from others' hot water. The smells of some passengers' food are very strong, too.
Since April, the local government of Beijing has collected public opinions on the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules. The rules say that if passengers have bad manners while on the subway, they will end up with bad credit (信用) scores or even being refused by the subway. Four kinds of behavior (行为) were added to the new rules. They include stealing others' seats, eating or drinking, handing out advertisements, and not paying for the tickets.
As for eating and drinking on the subway, ①不同的人有不同的观点 .Some people support the rules that all passengers except babies and people with certain health problems are not allowed to eat or drink on the subway. ②They have pointed out that the smell of food and drink can make other passengers unhappy.
However, others question this rule, saying that drinking water should be allowed ③______ people can get thirsty after long rides on the crowded subway.
1. What has the local government of Beijing collected since April
2. Please list two kinds of bad behavior on the subway according to the new rules.
3. 请将文中①处画线句子翻译成英语。
4. 请将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语。
5. 请在文中③处填入一个适当的连词。
八、
Lei Haiwei, a 37-year-old fast food courier(快递员) from Hunan Province, got first place in a televised Chinese poetry knowledge competition. He beat other competitors, including a master's degree(硕士学位) graduate from Beijing University, in the third season of the Chinese Poetry Conference on CCTV on April 4th, 2018.
"My interest in ancient poems began as early as I was six years old. My father hoped I would grow up to be a man who keeps the mountains, rivers, lakes and seas in mind," the courier said.
In 2001, the younger Lei found a job in Shanghai and began to read books related to ancient poems at bookstores or libraries in his spare time, since he didn't make much money. The young man also developed a habit of reciting poems he liked and writing them down after returning home.
Though Lei works as a fast food courier in Hangzhou later, his love for poems never died. Even on his busiest work days, he used any available moment to recite poems. "For example, I am used to reciting poems when I wait for food at restaurants, and traffic lights on my way to deliver food. Reciting poems not only enriches my knowledge, but also makes my job less boring. As for my future plan, I will stick to reading and reciting poems," Lei said.
1. How old is Lei Haiwei
2. What habit did Lei Haiwei develop when he worked in Shanghai
3. What is Lei Haiwei's future plan
4. 把短文最后一段中画线句子翻译成汉语。
5. 给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
答案以及解析
一、答案：FTFTF
解析：1. F细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，这些用品是 发明者发明的，但却是在工厂生产制造的。
2. T细节理解题。根据第一段第四、五句"They have not always been pencils and pens, rulers or books. Thousands of years ago, no one knew about these things."可知，几千年以前是没有这些文具的。
3. F细节理解题。根据第二段第三句"There have been many thousands of inventions, large and small, in human history. "可知，在人类历史上有着成千上万的 发明。
4. T细节理解题。根据第二段第四句"Some of these inventions have changed the world, such as paper, printing and radio, and we know the inventions."可知 此陈述正确。
5. F细节理解题。根据第二段开头可知，我们不可能知道所有东西都是谁发明的。
二、答案：1. ①B ②A
2.C
3. work out
4. The rice cooker
5. There are two kinds of opinions on "the life in the past and the life today".
解析：1.①根据第三段中"competition is getting fiercer"可推知，过去的生活很简单(simple)。故选B。②根据第四段中"The rice cookers, gas stoves and microwave ovens are of great help to many housewives."可知，电饭煲、煤气灶和微波炉对许多家庭主妇有很大的帮助，这些新发明使我们的生活变得容易和有趣。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"If you are not able to do your job well, someone will replace you soon."可知，如果你不能做好你的工作，别人就会替代你。文中 replace和选项C中的 take the place of为同义词语，故选C。
3.solve意为"解决，解答（问题）"； work out解决，解答。故填 work out。
4.词义猜测题。根据第四段中的" The rice cooker is a real time-saver."可知，电饭煲使用起来是如此简单，以至于小孩子都能用它做饭。因此it指代的是上文中的 The rice cooker。
5.主旨大意题。本文第二段到最后一段并列陈述了A、B辩论者的不同观点，因此第一段为本文的主题句。主题句意为"关于过去的生活和现在的生活有两种观点"。
三、答案：1.China.
2.He is a space scientist.
3.It is over 380,000 kilometers.
4.Yes, it will.
5. It's very great.
解析： 1.根据第二段第一句"China is preparing to put a man-made moon in the sky above Chengdu by the end of 2020."可知，中国正准备在2020年底前在成都上空发射人造月亮。
2. 根据第二段第三句" If it succeeds, three more such objects will be sent out in 2022, according to Wu Chunfeng, a space scientist."可知，吴春凤是一个太空科学家。
3.根据第二段最后一句"That will make it much closer to us than the Moon, which is over 380,000 kilometers away, Wu added."可知，月球距离地球超过38万千米。
4. 根据最后一段最后一句"That means its brightness will be seen in most areas in China, so reducing the need for streetlights."可知，中国大部分地区都能看到它的亮度，因此减少了对路灯的需求。
5.根据第一段最后一句" It will give us much more light than the natural Moon."和第二段第四句中的" he predicted that the man-made moon would have eight times the brightness of the real one"以及短文最后一句" That means its brightness will be seen in most areas in China, so reducing the need for streetlights."可知，这项计划是很伟大的。
四、答案：1. Small./ They are small (in size).
2. How does he do it
3. The hair from a fly.
4. It refers to the process of creating the detailed works.
5. Because focusing on little things helped him to feel big./Because the smaller his work got, the bigger he felt.
6. his art is small； has a large impact on the world/he was not an excellent student at school； proves that he is an excellent/outstanding master in the art world.
解析： 1.题干为选择疑问句，需用big或small回答。根据文章第一段第三句"The items he creates are so small that most of them fit on the head of a pin."以及文章后面的内容可知， Willard的艺术作品很小，他是微雕艺术家。
2.根据文章第二段最后一句"At every one of his exhibitions, the question is always the same: How does he do it "可知答案。
3.根据文章第三段最后一句"To paint his works, he uses the hair from a fly as a paintbrush."可知，为了雕刻他的作品，他把苍蝇的毛发当作画笔。
4.根据第四段第一句"Creating these detailed works is a very long and difficult process, and it isn't always enjoyable."可知，it指创作这些精细作品的过程。
5.根据文章最后一段中的"so focusing on little things helped him to feel big. The smaller his work got, the bigger he felt."可知答案。
6.开放性试题，无固定答案，合情合理皆可。
五、答案：1-5 FTTFF
解析：1.根据第一段中的"Peter could not sleep well and he woke up several times during the night, so he went to see a doctor."可知，彼得去看医生的原因是他晩上睡眠不好，不是因为他的胃出了毛病。因此本题叙述与原文不符。
2.根据表格 Turn off the TV一栏中的"Don't watch TV for more than half an hour before you decide to sleep."可知，在睡觉之前看电视不要超过半小时。因此本题叙述与原文相符。
3.根据表格 Turn off the TV一栏中的"Read a book or listen to some light music to prepare your body for sleeping."可知，我们可以听轻音乐，为睡眠做准备。因此本题叙述与原文相符。
4.根据表格 Have a clean and comfortable bedroom一栏中的"Make sure that you have turned off all lights that might come into your room."可知，在卧室里睡觉时要关灯，而不是开着灯。因此本题叙述与原文不符。
5.根据表格 Do some exercise一栏中的"Exercising will help you to fall asleep more easily, so walk for 20 minutes every day and you will sleep better at night."可知，在晚上进行适当的锻炼有助于睡眠，但是不要在睡觉之前运动。因此本题叙述与原文不符。
六、答案：1. Because COVID-19 hit China.
2. Yes./Yes, he did.
3. His/ Her grandparents.
4. She ordered things on the Internet.
5. Online teaching.
解析：1.根据第一段中"We usually have a 7-day holiday, but in 2020, a disease called COVID-19 hit China. We had a longer holiday than before."可知，因为2020年突发的新型冠状病毒肺炎，作者的假期延长了。
2.根据第二段中的"My father put up red couplets on the doors and red paper cuttings on the windows."可知，父亲在窗户上贴了红色剪纸。
3.根据第二段中"It's exciting for me to get WeChat red packets from my grandparents."可知，作者从祖父母那里得到了微信红包。
4.根据第二段中"During this new year, she had to order things on the Internet…"可知，妈妈在今年春节时从网上购物。
5.根据第三段中的 Our teachers organised online teaching for us可知，在特殊时期，老师们为学生组织了网络教学。
七、答案： 1. The local government of Beijing/It has collected public opinions on the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules.
2. Stealing others' seats, eating or drinking, handing out advertisements, and not paying for the tickets.
3. different people have different opinions/ ideas/points/views
4. 他们指出，食物和饮料的气味可能会让其他乘客不高兴。
5. because/ since/as/for
解析：1.根据第二段第一句可知，北京当地政府收集的是公众对于新的北京地铁乘客守则的意见。
2.由第二段最后一句可知，霸座、吃喝、发广告和逃票都属于不良行为，任意列出其中两项即可。
5.联系上下文可知设空处前后内容之问是因果关系，且原因在后，故填连词 because/ since/as/for。
八、答案：1. 37 years old./He is 37 (years old)./37.
2. Reciting poems./A habit of reciting poems.
3. He will stick to reading and reciting poems.
4. 尽管雷后来在杭州做外卖快递员, 但是他对诗歌的爱从来没有消失。
5. Fast food courier won poetry competition.
解析：1. 根据第一句中的37-year-old可知, 他37岁了。
2. 根据第三段的"The young man also developed a habit of reciting poems he liked and writing them down after returning home."可知, 他养成了背诗的习惯。
3. 根据最后一段的"As for my future plan, I will stick to reading and reciting poems"可知答案。
4. 略
5. 通读全文内容可知本文主要讲述的是外卖快递员雷海为利用空闲时间背诵诗歌, 最终在中央电视台举办的《中国诗词大会》第三季中击败其他对手获得冠军的故事。