2022年中考英语从句复习--宾语从句和定语从句课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
从句复习
宾语从句和定语从句
宾语从句复习
考点：连接词；语序；时态
宾语从句连接词
1.陈述句
2.一般疑问句
3.特殊疑问句
连接代词
和连接副词
if /whether
“是否”，不做成分，连接作用，但不能省略
that
不在句中做成分，只起连接作用，口语中可省略
起连接作用，且做成分
连接代词和连接副词
what
which
who
whom
whose
指物
在句中作主语/宾语/表语
指人
在句中作主语/宾语/表语
在句中宾语
在句中定语
when
where
why
how
时间
地点
原因
方式
在句中作状语
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。即：
主句部分+ 引导词+ ______+_____ +____
主语
谓语
从句部分
______________________________
其他
1. What are they drawing Did you know
Did you know _________________________
2. Where did he meet Jim I want to know
I want to know _________________________
3.Is the cat like a tiger or not She asked
She asked _________________________or not.
what they were drawing
where he met Jim.
whether the cat was like a tiger
如果当一些固定句式或who，what 等在从句中做主语时, 语序本身就是“主语+谓语”,即从句部分顺序不变.
What is the matter with ……..
Who is on duty
What is in the box
注意事项
eg: I don’t know what is in the box.
宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态一般是根据主句确定的
主句是现在时
从句的时态可根据句意的需要用任意一种时态。
主句是过去时
从句只能用过去的某种时态。
一般过去时/过去进行时/过去完成时/过去将来时…
当宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等，不管主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时。
在以could you 开头的复合句中，could通常不表示过去时态，仅表示委婉语气，从句时态要根据实际情况而定。
注意事项
eg: Could you tell me where Helen lives
宾语从句中的否定前移
1.当主句的谓语动词是“think, believe, guess, suppose, expect…” ，
2.且主语是第一人称(即：I、 we )时，从句是否定概念时,必须把否定前移.
e.g：我认为他不会来了
I ______________________________________
don’t think that he will come
我们相信这鸭子不会走路.
We didn’t ____________ the duck___________
believe that
could walk.
由疑问词“when, who, what, how 等引导的宾语从句与简单句 “疑问词+不定式”的互相转换
1. I don’t know what I should do next.
I don’t know _____ _____ _____ next.
2.We didn’t know whether we could go or not.
We didn’t know ________ ___ _____ or not.
3. Lucy hasn’t decided which cup to choose.
Lucy hasn’t decided_____ _____ ___ ____
choose.
what to do
which cup she will
whether to go
(没有if +不定式的用法)
\should
定语从句复习
考点：先行词；连接词
练一练：找出下列句子中的先行词
I like music that I can sing along with.
I love singers who write their own music.
China is a country which has a long history.
This is the book that my mother bought me yesterday.
He is the lawyer whose daughter went abroad.
既可指人也可指物。
关系代词和关系副词
关系代词
关系副词
that
which
who
whom
whose
人或物
人
人
人或物
物
主语、宾语、表语
主语、宾语
主语、宾语
宾语
定语
when
why
where
时间
原因
地点
状语
定语从句的特殊情况
引导定语从句的关系代词that, which 指物时，常可以互换，但以下情况只能用that, 不能用which。
① ___________ 或 ___________修饰先行词时
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
序数词
形容词最高级
② 当先行词是everything, something, nothing, anything, all, little, much,some 等代词，或是由every, any, all, some, no,littlw ,few等限定词修饰时。
Everything that we saw in this film was true.
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
③先行词被_______________________________修饰时。
This is the very book that belongs to him.
④ 当先行词同时指_________和________时
I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
the only, the very, the same, the last
人
物
如何区别定语从句与宾语从句
紧跟的成份不同
定语从句要修饰名词，所以前面一定有个先行词，且为名词。
宾语从句作宾语，所以前面一定是个动词，且为及物动词 。
注意：
定语从句去掉句子仍然成立；宾语从句去掉句子不成立。
Corns is a useful plant that can be eaten by both people and animals.
He agreed that he could help with my English.
1.The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.
主句：
从句（定语从句）:
先行词:
关系词:
翻译:
举一反三： 看谁找得快
The meeting was very important
that you have missed yesterday
The meeting
that
你昨天错过的那个会议很重要。
A 15-year-old student who invented a flashlight(手电筒) getting power from the holder’s body heat is going home today from California with a big prize and a chance to do further research.
主句：
从句（定语从句）:
先行词:
关系词:
翻译:
Student is going home.
who invented a flashlight(手电筒) getting power from the holder’s body heat
student
who
一个15岁的学生发明了从持有者的体温中获取能量手电筒。今天将从加利福尼亚州带着一个大奖回家，还获得了一个机进一步研究的机会。