中考英语专题复习---主谓一致

课件24张PPT。主谓一致2012年1月21日1. A woman with a baby______ coming here.
　　A. is B. are
2. The girl as well as the boys ______learned to drive a car.
　　A. has B. have
3. Whenever anything_______, please stay here quietly.
　　A. happens B. happen
4. Many a man_____ the story.
　　A. believe B. believes
5. A year and a half_____ already passed.
A.??? has B. have
6. Twelve percent of the workers here______ women.
　　A. is B. are
7. His family______ watching TV.
　　A. is B. are
8. Bread and butter______ their daily food.
　　A. is　B. are
9. Not only a pen but also two books _____lost.
　　A. was　B. were
10. The boy and the girl each______ their own toys.
　　A. has B. have
11. Maths_______ not easy to learn.
　　A. is B. are
12. To master the spirit of a foreign language______ not easy.
　　A. is B. are
13. A number of the students_______ going to visit the History Museum.
　　A. is B. are
14. The number of the girl students in that school______ smaller than that of the boy students.
　　A. is B. are
15. The doctor and scientist______ to the meeting.
　　A. was invited B. were invited
　　Keys: 1--5 AAABA 6--10 BBABB 11--15 AABAA
?
意义一致的原则 （一）谓语动词为单数的情况 由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念/一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
The worker and writer is from Wuhan.
(那个工人兼作家…)
(比较：The worker and the writer are
from Beijing. )
Bread and butter___ a daily food in the West. is2. 1) every … and (every)…
2) each …and (each)…
3)no …and (no)…,
4) many a …and (many a)…连接两个单数名词作主语, 谓语用单数。
Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
3. one/ every one / each / either / the number+of +复数名词作主语, 谓语用单数。
Each of the students has a book. 4. clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery,
baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合
名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数。
Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.
5. 以s 结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、
书籍、报刊等名称作主语，谓语动词用单数。
6. 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，
表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词用单数。
Twenty years has passed since he left
his hometown.
7. 由any-, some-, no-和-one, -thing, -body等所构成
的不定代词作主语, 谓语动词用单数。
8. 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语, 谓语动词用单数。
Collecting stamps is what he likes.
Whatever was left was taken away.

（二）谓语动词为复数的情况 由and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同
的概念，谓语动词用复数。
Both bread and butter are sold out.
2. people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词
作主语， 谓语动词用复数。
The police are looking for the missing child.
3. goods, stairs, arms 等名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。
4. 由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语， 谓语动词用复数。
The Olympic Games are held once every four years.
5. a number of /quantities of /a group of +名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。
（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 1. 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。
His family is a great one.
His family are music lovers.
2. means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。
The steel works is near the station.
Two new steel works are being built. 3. “kind, sort, pair, type +名词” 作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。
4. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。
All are present .
All the food tastes good.
5. “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数、百分数 + of + 名词” 作主语: 谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。 就近一致原则 由or , either …or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致；there be 句型中，be动词要和靠近的主语一致。
Not only he but also I am invited.
Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress.
There is a pair of shoes on the floor.
There is an apple and a pear on the desk.1. One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
2. Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be3．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A ．is B ．are
C ．am D ．be
4．Not the teacher ，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A ．is B ．are
C ．am D ．be
由 with , along with , together with , including , but , except , like , among , as well as , no more than , besides , rather than +名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。
The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.
就远一致原则 1．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class
yesterday．
A ．was B ．were
C ．has been D ．have been
2．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
3．No one except my parents ____ anything about
this.
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known4．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A ．has read B ．have read
C ．are reading D ．is reading
5．All but one ____ in the accident．
A ．was killed B ．were killed
C ．will be killed D ．are killed
集合名词作主语，谓语的数如何确定? 1．His family _______ a small one；
His family _______ fat and short．
A．is，is B．are，are
C．is，are D．are，is 此题应选C。family是一个集合名词，具有单数(家庭)和复数(家庭成员)两种可能。类似这种用法的词主要的有：
team(队，队员)，class(班，班上的全体学生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘务员)，committee(委员会，委员们)，audience(听众)等：
2. This class consists of 45 students. Mr Green teaches it；
This class are all diligent. Mr Green teaches them.
3. It was late, but the audience was increasing；
The audience were all moved to tears.
4. The team is the best in the league；
The football team are having baths．

但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法：
1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数)：clothing 衣服，poetry 诗歌，baggage／luggage 行李，furniture家俱，machinery 机械，scenery 景色，jewellery珠宝等。
2. 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式)：people人，police警察，cattle牲口等。谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致? We Chinese ___ a hard-working people（民族）．
A．is B．are
C．is being D．are being 此题应选B。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是表谓一致）注意以下类似例子：
These two dictionaries are a present for
my best friend Jim．
The planets were the object of his study．
The most important thing I need is
books．
The country's leading export is watches．
The best part of the meal is the coffee and
cookies．

但是有些主语由于本身具有单数和复数两种
可能，它的谓语到底用单数还是复数，要看具体
的语境（多数情况是看其后面词语的单复数），例如：
Who is your brother？谁是你的兄弟？
Who are your brothers？哪些是你的兄弟？
What he said is quite correct．他所说的完全正确。
What he left me are only a few old books．他给我留下的只是几本旧书。