英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 2 The universal language（5）课时跟踪检测

英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 2（5）课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Our teacher has a tendency (倾向) to put the stress on the first syllable of each word as she reads.
2．Studying foreign languages is a progressive, gradual (循序渐进的) process — you can't run before you can walk.
3．The current trend (趋势) of prices is still rising.
4．If you think you have a medical problem, seek (寻求) professional help from your local family doctor.
5．New ideas will not enter your mind while you are holding your prejudice (偏见) on this issue.
6．Racial discrimination (歧视) is not allowed in our country.
7．I offered to give them a lift, but they declined (谢绝)．
8．The fans screamed (尖叫) with excitement when they saw him.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．—How about your journey to Mount Emei?
—Everything was wonderful except that our car________ twice on the way.
A．slowed down　　　　　　　 B．broke down
C．got down D．put down
解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。答句句意：每件事都很顺利，除了我们的车在路上抛锚了两次。slow down“减速”；break down“抛锚”；get down“下来”；put down“写下”。B项切题。
2．Men were divided not by their regions or their________．
A．signals B．roots
C．foods D．wealth
解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们不是按照地区和籍贯来划分的。signal“信号；标志”；root“根；根源；[pl.]祖籍”；food“食料，食品”；wealth“财富，财产”。or说明与region同义，选B。
3．It________ that he has decided to give up his opportunity to study abroad.
A．happens B．looks
C．seems D．same
解析：选C　考查固定句型。句意：他好像已经决定放弃出国学习的机会了。It seems that ...为固定句型，意为“好像……”。It happens that ...“碰巧……”；look表示“看起来好像”时与as if连用；same为形容词，表示“相同的”。
4．(2012·湖南高考)________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
A．However B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Whenever
解析：选A　考查连词。句意：无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食，那么减肥是很难做到的。由句意可知选however“无论多么”。
5．We struggled so much to________ for help, but we never lost hope.
A．beg B．hesitate
C．desire D．seek
解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。seek for help“寻求帮助”，符合句意。
6．(2011·陕西高考)________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.
A．Since B．While
C．If D．As
解析：选B　句意：虽然他们都是很强的候选人，但是只有一人能被选来担任这一职务。根据句意可知应该选B，while“虽然”引导让步状语从句。
7．Science has________ many changes in our lives.
A．brought about B．brought out
C．brought up D．brought back
解析：选A　考查bring的短语。句意：科学为我们的生活带来了很大变化。bring about“引起”；bring out“出版，推出，使显出，激起，引起”；bring up“养育，教养，提出”。
8．Due to the rising price, there was a(n)________ in holiday sales over the past five years.
A．increase B．decline
C．improvement D．promotion
解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于价格的不断上涨，在过去的5年里节假日的销售额下降了。increase“增加”；decline“下降”；improvement“改进，提高”；promotion“提升，促销”。
9．Nowadays new buildings are________ everywhere, satisfying people's demands for better housing conditions.
A．rising up B．coming up
C．bringing up D．springing up
解析：选D　考查动词短语辨析。spring up“不断地涌现出来，迅速发展起来”；rise up“起义”；come up“发生，长出”；bring up“养育，吐出”。
10．As a teacher, we shouldn't have________ against any student even though they sometimes make mistakes.
A．reliance B．audience
C．prejudice D．attitude
解析：选C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为老师，我们不能对任何学生有成见，尽管学生们有时会犯错误。have prejudice against“对……有成见/偏见”，符合句意。reliance“依赖，依靠”；audience“观众”；attitude“态度”，多于to或towards连用。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Public schools in Washington, D．C. provide students with musical instruments for free. When something goes wrong with an instrument, Charles West and Larry Jernigan do the repairs. Both men approach their work with a passion (激情). For them, it's important that students have a joyful experience with music.
The two have worked together for almost 20 years. This year alone, they've fixed about 450 instruments. Both men are musicians and music lovers, so learning to do repairs came naturally.
“I have been a musician all my life，” says West. “I played in an orchestra here in the city. I majored in music in college. I played in an army band.”
Jernigan's musical interests are varied. “I was formerly trained in the piano and guitar. The alto sax and the flute, I picked up while working here.”
In addition to fixing instruments, the two also go to schools to instruct teachers and students on how to make minor repairs on their own.
West believes if children start early and stay involved with music, it enriches other areas of their lives. “I see that in other kids. I see it in myself. I have seen it hundreds of times and it works，” he says. “They learn teamwork. They learn patience and respect.”
But West has concerns about the future of music in the electronic age.
“This instant age has taken away from the sit-down, the patience. And to learn to play an instrument, it takes patience, it takes diligence and it takes time.”
Being able to enjoy music on the job is one of the benefits of the job. Both men agree their best rewards are the students' performances.
语篇解读：两个音乐爱好者的工作是为学生修理乐器，他们乐此不疲，享受着工作的乐趣。
1．What's the job of West and Jernigan at school?
A．Teaching music.
B．Writing music.
C．Making musical instruments.
D．Repairing musical instruments.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句和第三句的内容可知两人的工作是修理乐器。
2．They love the job because they can ________．
A．earn more money　　　 B．learn repair skills
C．enjoy music D．watch performances
解析：选C　细节理解题。第二段后半部分提到两人都是音乐爱好者，再结合最后一段的第一句可知他们喜欢这个工作是因为可以享受音乐。
3．Which of the following is true of the two men?
A．They have fixed 450 instruments in the past 20 years.
B．They can play and repair musical instruments.
C．Jernigan used to play in an army band.
D．West was trained to play the piano.
解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段可知两人的工作是修理乐器，再结合第三段和第四段两人所说的话可知他们也能演奏。故B项正确。
4．According to West, what can people learn from music?
A．Teamwork and patience.
B．The value of time.
C．The truth of society.
D．Diligence and confidence.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句中的内容可知他认为人们从音乐中能学到团队合作与耐心。
5．What is mainly talked about in the text?
A．How to repair musical instruments.
B．Learning experience of two repairmen.
C．How to prepare a musical performance.
D．The enjoyable job of two music lovers.
解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是结合文章第一段以及最后一段中的内容可知本文主要介绍的是两个音乐爱好者的开心工作。
Ⅳ.选做题
?任务型阅读(江苏专用)
Which is the best college or university in the country? That all depends on who you ask. There are several well-respected college ranking experts out there, but their number one picks vary wildly, from West Point to Harvard University. If anyone is using the rankings as the only way to decide, that is wrong for the rankings. Here is what you need to know to use each of them well when considering college choices.
The methods vary wildly.
U．S. News & World Report ranks colleges nationally and by region and type, so large national universities, like Harvard and Princeton, don't appear on the same lists as smaller liberal arts colleges. The colleges themselves provide information including reputation surveys, admissions data, SAT and ACT scores, acceptance rates, faculty salaries, financial resources, class size, and student-faculty ratios. Failure to fill out a survey completely (or having the survey completed by different people from year to year) can result in a change in rank. Rankings are generally stable over time.
Forbes, which started ranking colleges in 2008, does not divide schools by size or region. Instead, 650 schools are ranked for Forbes based on student evaluations on RateMyProfessor.com, the number of graduates listed in Who's Who in America, salary information for graduated from Payscale.com, average student loan debt and default rates, and four-year graduation rates, among other things.
The Princeton Review offers up 62 different Top 20 lists instead of ranking schools in order from best to worst. The data comes from surveying 122，000 students at 376 colleges, The Princeton Review said in a statement, and their lists offer rankings on everything from class size, political activity to social life.
Know what you want in a college.
Before putting much weight into a school's rank, it's important for students to decide what they're really looking for in a college — and they shouldn't wait until the last minute to start their search. They have to do the hard homework of understanding the cost, location, activities... listening to people's advice about where students from that high school have gotten into.
Consider the classes and degrees offered by each college — do they fit your interests? What is the campus like — do you want a city setting or a classic, tree-lined courtyard? If you can, visit several schools and talk to students — what teaching style do the instructors have, how are the classrooms set up? And, last but not least, take a look at tuition, room, board, and fees, as well as typical financial aid packages — which schools are affordable for your family?
Top universities in any ranking list are probably the most competitive.
It goes without saying that only a small number of students can get into the top 10. Students need to be realistic about their qualifications, and understand that, even if they are qualified, they still might not get in. The top 10 could be drawn from the top five percent of high school students or even less. There's simply no place to accept every applicant.
Title: How to use college (1)______wisely
Introduction
Universities are ranked wildly (2)______on top lists.
Methods of ranking colleges
·U.S. News & World Report
by region and type with information provided by each college
(3)______.
·Forbes
based on (4)______evaluations
·The Princeton Review
based on (5)______like class size, political activity and social life
Information you need to know about colleges
·to do hard homework in
(6)______
·to know well about colleges
·to (7)______your own interest
(8)______to get into top universities
It is hard for students to be
(9) ______to top universities, which do not have enough
(10)______for every applicant even qualified students.
答案：1.rankings　2.differently　3.itself　4.student/graduate/students'/graduates'　 5.everything　6.advance
7．consider　8.Chances/Opportunities　9.admitted　10.place
?任务型读写(安徽专用)
Some people are pessimistic when they think about the future. They say that, a hundred years from now, we will have used up most of the earth's resources. We will have polluted our seas badly, and be unable to eat fish from them. We will have made the air so dirty that we will need to wear masks. The world's population will have doubled, and we will have used all the countryside for housing; there will be no farmland left.
Other people believe that Man adapts very easily. They have a different idea of the future. How, in their views, will people be living in a hundred years' time?
One architect believes that Man will move off the land. He suggests that the city of the future will be a huge, pyramid-shaped building, which will be floating on the surface of the sea.
As for oil, people will no longer need it: we will be heating our homes with power from the sun. And we will not be short of minerals, because there are plenty under our oceans.
What will be in the shops in the year 3000? What will people be wearing? How will people be traveling?
Scientists who make predictions about the future suggest that, by the year 3000, shops will no longer exist. Computers will have replaced them; and people will order goods from home.
People will be wearing very light, thin clothes. By that time, scientists will have invented a fabric that keeps us cool in hot weather and warm in cold weather.
As for travel, the experts say that most people will be using public transport. Electric cars will be traveling through the streets day and night. Anybody will be able to stop one and use it.
Title
What Will Life Be (1)______in the Future？
Introduction
There are two opinions about the life in the future.
The pessimistic opinions
●The earth's resources will be (2)______out of.
●Seas will be polluted badly and no fish to eat.
●People will have to wear masks because of bad air (3)______.
●As a result of increasing population, the countryside will be used for housing with no farmland (4)______.
The optimistic opinions
●Instead of on the (5)______， people will live on the surface of the sea.
●Oil will not be (6)______.
●Computers will (7)______the place of shops and goods will be ordered from home.
●(8)______the light, thin clothes in the future, people will (9)______ cool in hot weather and warm in cold weather.
●Public transport will mainly be (10)________ for traveling.
答案：1.Like　2.run　3.pollution　4.left　5.land
6．needed　7.take　8.Wearing　9.feel　10.used
?阅读填空(湖南专用)
A simple piece of clothesline hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors.
On one side stand those who see clothes dryers as a waste of energy and a major polluter of the environment. As a result, they are turning to clotheslines as part of the “what-I-can do environmentalism.”
On the other side are people who are against drying clothes outside, arguing that clotheslines are unpleasant to look at. They have persuaded Home Owners Associations (HOAs) access the U．S. to ban outdoor clotheslines, because clothesline drying also tends to lower home value in the neighborhood. This had led to a Right-to-Dry Movement that is calling for laws to be passed to protect people's right to use clotheslines.
So far, only three states have laws to protect clothesline. Right-to-Dry supporters argue that there should be more.
Matt Reck, 37, is the kind of eco-conscious person who feeds his trees with bathwater and reuses water drops from his air conditioners to water plants. His family also uses a clothesline. But on July 9, 2007, the HOA in Wake Forest, North Carolina, told him that a dissatisfied neighbor had telephoned them about his clothesline. The Recks paid no attention to the warning and still dried their clothes on a line in the yard. “Many people say they are environmentally friendly but they don't take matters in their own hands，” says Reck. The local HOA has decided not to take any action, unless more neighbors come to them.
North Carolina lawmakers are saying that banning clotheslines is not the right thing to do. But HOAs and housing businesses believe that clothesline drying reminds people of poor neighborhoods. They worry that if buyers think their future neighbors can't even afford dryers, housing prices will fall.
Environmentalists say such worries are not necessary, and in view of global warming, that idea needs to change. As they say, “The clothesline is beautiful. Hanging clothes outside should be encouraged. We all have to do at least something to slow down the process of global warming.”
Title：1.________ in clothesline drying
Two sides
Details
Support it
Against it
Should be encouraged
Should 2.________
3.________
a.4.__________ to look at
b．in view of 5.____________
a.reminding people of 6.________
b. housing prices will 7.________
Actions
a.8.______ waste water
b. to drying clothes in a line
a. persuading HOAs to ban it
b．9.________ clotheslines by calling the HOA up
Results
a. laws 10.________ in three states
b．supported by environmentalists
答案：1.Opposite opinions　2.be banned　3.Reasons　4.wonderful/pleasant　5.global warming　6.poor neighborhood　7.fall　8.reusing　9.complaining　10.have been passed