英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 3 The world of colours and light（3）课时跟踪检测

英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 3（3）课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.选词填空
changeable, accommodation, build up, calculate, commit, reward, consensus, gallery
1．Cellphones may not be used in the gallery．
2．A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.
3．Have you calculated how much money we will spend on this house?
4．He tried to build_up his strength by doing more exercise.
5．He committed the crime when he was drunk.
6．The weather in this season is always changeable．
7．There is a general consensus about the need for greater security in schools.
8．This hospital has accommodation for 200 patients.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他未获得他选择的大学的入学资格。
He failed to gain_admission_to the university he had chosen.
2．有这么多的人在帮助这些贫穷的孩子，他们一定能够顺利完成学业的。
With so many people helping the poor children, they are sure to finish school.
3．把电话号码写下来以免忘了。
Write the telephone number down in_case_you_forget．
4．我可以给你们提供两间卧室。
I can accommodate_you with two bedrooms.
5．比赛刚开始就下雨了。
The game had_hardly_begun_when it started raining.
6．他们没有考虑是否抽得出时间。
They didn't consider whether_they_could_afford_the_time．
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．Leave your key with a neighbor________ you lock yourself out one day.
A．ever since　　　　　　　 B．even if
C．soon after D．in case
解析：选D　考查状语从句。句意：把你的钥匙留给你的邻居，以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。in case“以防”，符合句意。
2．—How was your trip to the Changbai Mountain?
—Fantastic! One splendid mountain________ followed another when I was on the train.
A．view B．glimpse
C．glance D．scenery
解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。答句句意：美极了！我在火车上时，山峦起伏，美丽的山景不断地呈现在我的眼前。view在此指从火车车窗看到的景色；scenery作“风景”解时，为不可数名词。
3．He sat there with his attention________ the wonderful view of the city.
A．focusing on B．focusing in
C．focused in D．focused on
解析：选D　考查with复合结构及focus的搭配。句意：他坐在那儿，注意力集中在城市的美景上。focus one's attention on“注意力集中在”，为固定搭配。此处为with复合结构，his attention与focus on之间为动宾关系，故D项正确。
4．Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and________．
A．I was neither B．neither was I
C．I was either D．either was I
解析：选B　考查倒装。“neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语(另一个)”表示前面所述的否定情况也适用于后者，符合语境。
5．We had________ sat down at the table when the phone rang.
A．possibly B．hardly
C．virtually D．politely
解析：选B　考查句型。hardly ...when ...意为“一……就……”，符合句意。
6．By offering free access to a wide range of public facilities, our school now is quite a satisfying place for study，________ the poor accommodation.
A．apart from B．as well as
C．in addition to D．because of
解析：选A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：通过提供免费的多样化的设施，我们学校现在除了住宿条件不好之外，是一个相当令人满意的学习的地方了。apart from“除……之外”，可包括除去的部分，亦可不包括除去的部分；apart from与in addition to均可表示“除……之外还……”；because of“因为”。由句意可知A项正确。
7．Physical exercises not only are useful for character training but also can________ man's body.
A．make up B．keep up
C．bring up D．build up
解析：选D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：体育锻炼不但有助于锻炼人性格，还能强身健体。make up“编造，弥补”；keep up“保持”；bring up“教育，养育”；build up“逐渐增强”。由句意可知D项正确。
8．It is not until he returned to his hometown________ the great changes that had happened.
A．did he find B．that did he find
C．that he found D．found he that
解析：选C　考查强调句型。句意：直到回到家乡他才发现了家乡发生的巨大变化。分析结构可知，此处为not until的强调句式，故C项正确。
9．—The weather here in summer is so________. Please take an umbrella when you go out.
—OK, just in case.
A．changeable B．pleasant
C．comfortable D．adaptable
解析：选A　句意：“这儿夏天天气变化无常，你出去时请带上雨伞。”“好吧，以防万一。”changeable“多变的”；pleasant“令人愉快的”；comfortable“舒适的”；adaptable“可调节的”。
10．The old woman________ her sons and daughters________ and see her from time to time.
A．suggested; to come B．desired; coming
C．desired; to come D．hoped; to come
解析：选C　考查动词辨析。句意：那位老太太要求她的儿子和女儿时不时地来看她。suggest/hope不能用于“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构。desire常用结构为desire sb. to do sth，意为“要求某人干某事”，故C项正确。
[江苏、安徽专用]
Ⅳ.完形填空
My friend Michelle is blind, but you'd never know it. She makes such good use of her other__1__， including her “sixth sense”， that she rarely gives the impression that she's __2__ anything.
Michelle looks after her children pretty much like the rest of us, __3__ that she doesn't push too hard on them，__4__ really benefit a lot from her relaxed attitude. She knows when to clean the house. She moves around so fast that often__5__ don't realize she's blind.
I__6__ this the first time after my six-year-old daughter, Kayla, went to play there. When Kayla came home, she was very__7__ about her day. She told me they had baked cookies, played games and done art projects. But she was__8__ excited about her fingerpainting project.
Learned how to__9__ colors today! Blue and red make purple, and yellow and blue make green! And Michelle __10__ with us.”
To my great__11__， my child had learnt about color from a blind friend!
Then Kayla continued, “Michelle told me my __12__ showed joy, pride and a sense of accomplishment. She really __13__ what I was doing！” Kayla said she had never felt how good finger paints felt __14__ Michelle showed her how to paint without looking at her paper.
I realized Kayla didn't know that Michelle was blind. It had just never__15__ in conversation.
When I told her, she was__16__ for a moment. At first, she didn't believe me. “But Mommy, Michelle knew exactly what was in my picture！” Kayla__17__. And I knew my child was__18__ because Michelle had listened to Kayla describe her artwork. Michelle had also heard Kayla's__19__ in her work.
We were silent for a minute. Then Kayla said slowly, “You know, Mommy, Michelle really did ‘see’ my picture. She just used my__20__．”
Indeed, she uses a special type of “vision” that all mothers have.
语篇解读：我的朋友Michelle是一个盲人，但她却善用她的其他感官，比如，她能“看懂”我女儿的画，并能指导我的女儿怎么调色，而且能让我的女儿看不出她是一个盲人。
1．A.ways B．means
C．methods D．senses
解析：选D　根据后面的“sixth sense”可知，Michelle充分利用了其他的感官。way/means/method“方法”；sense“感官”。
2．A.enjoyed B．found
C．missed D．lost
解析：选C　that引导结果状语从句。正因为她能充分地利用好其他感官，故她极少给人留下错过什么东西的印象。这一点，从后面描述的事例中也可知道。enjoy“喜欢，享受”；find“发现”；miss“错过”；lose“丢失”。
3．A.and B．except
C．even D．but
解析：选B　从后面的“her relaxed attitude”可知，Michelle照顾孩子和我们其他人是一样的，除了不逼迫他们。and“和，而且”；except“除了”；even“甚至”；but“但是”。
4．A.who B．it
C．she D．which
解析：选A　who引导的是定语从句，修饰them，who指代的是them，即孩子们，并在从句中作主语。
5．A.guests B．family
C．boys D．friends
解析：选A　下文故事提到，我女儿Kayla到她家玩，但却没有觉察到她是盲人。我女儿对于她来说，自然是“客人”了。guest“客人”；family“家人”；boy“男孩”；friend“朋友”。
6．A.realized B．heard
C．recognized D．witnessed
解析：选A　从下文的描述可知，作者是通过女儿Kayla的讲述才意识到这一切的。realize“意识到”；hear“听见”；recognize“认识”；witness“目击”。
7．A.excited B．sad
C．satisfied D．disappointed
解析：选A　根据8空后的excited可知，Kayla那天非常激动。excited“激动的”；sad“伤心的”；satisfied“满意的”；disappointed“失望的”。
8．A.especially B．specially
C．a little D．not at all
解析：选A　Kayla对手指绘画尤其激动。especially“尤其，特别”；specially“专门地”；a little“有点儿”；not at all“一点儿也不”。
9．A.paint B．draw
C．create D．mix
解析：选D　根据下面的“Blue and red make purple, and yellow and blue make green！”可知，Kayla学会了把不同的颜色混合在一起调色。paint“油漆，绘画”；draw“绘画”；create“创造”；mix“混合”。
10．A.stayed B．painted
C．talked D．played
解析：选B　调配颜色自然与画画相关。stay“逗留，保持”；paint“绘画”；talk“谈话”；play“玩”。
11．A.excitement B．encouragement
C．delight D．surprise
解析：选D　女儿跟盲人朋友学画画，这让我很吃惊。excitement“激动，兴奋”；encouragement“鼓励”；delight“高兴”；surprise“吃惊，惊讶”。
12．A.attitude B．color
C．picture D．paper
解析：选C　根据下文“But Mommy, Michelle knew exactly what was in my picture！”可知，在此能够表现快乐、自豪以及成就感等情感的应该是绘画作品。attitude“态度”；color“颜色”；picture“图画”；paper“纸”。
13．A.touched B．congratulated
C．saw D．understood
解析：选D　根据“Michelle told me my________ showed joy, pride and a sense of accomplishment.”可知，Kayla认为Michelle理解自己的画。touch“触摸”；congratulate“祝贺”；see“看见”；understand“理解，明白”。
14．A.after B．unless
C．until D．when
解析：选C　not/never ... until ...“直到……才……”。
15．A.referred to B．turned out
C．come up D．talked about
解析：选C　根据Kayla的话我意识到Kayla并不知道Michelle是一个盲人。这一点在她们的对话中没有显示出来，即Michelle在与Kayla的对话中没有显示出她是一个盲人的迹象。refer to“提及，涉及”，若放在此处须用被动语态；turn out“结果是，证明是”；come up“出现，发生，被提到”；talk about“讨论”。
16．A.curious B．quiet
C．excited D．worried
解析：选B　女儿没有认出Michelle是盲人，当我告诉她真相的时候，根据生活常识可判断，她自然是惊讶得不讲话了，由原先的激动变为安静了一会儿。curious“好奇的”；quiet“安静的”；excited“激动的”；worried“担心的”。
17．A.cried B．insisted
C．complained D．informed
解析：选B　因为Kayla不相信Michelle是盲人，所以她坚持认为Michelle理解了她的画。cry“喊叫”；insist“坚持”；complain“抱怨”；inform“通知”。
18．A.right B．wrong
C．worried D．uncertain
解析：选A　Kayla说的是对的。right“正确的”；wrong“错误的”；worried“担心的”；uncertain“不确定的”。
19．A.shortcomings B．difficulties
C．pride D．description
解析：选C　从上文的“Michelle told me my ________ showed joy, pride and a sense of accomplishment.”可知，Michelle听出了Kayla对自己作品的自豪。shortcoming“缺点”；difficulty“困难”；pride“骄傲，自豪”；description“描述”。
20．A.paper B．pens
C．hands D．eyes
解析：选D　Michelle之所以能够“看见”Kayla的画，是因为通过倾听Kayla的描述知道的，也就是通过Kayla的眼睛看到的。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Old Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor of the apartment building. Behrman was a failure in art. For years, he had always been planning to paint a work of art, but had never yet begun it. He earned a little money by serving as a model to artists who could not pay for a professional model. He was a fierce, little, old man who protected the two young women in the studio apartment above him.
Sue found Behrman in his room. In one area was a blank canvas (油画布) that had been waiting twenty-five years for the first line of paint. Sue told him about Johnsy and how she feared that her friend would float away like a leaf on the old ivy vine climbing hopelessly up the outside block wall.
Old Behrman was angered at such an idea. “Are there people in the world with the foolishness to die because leaves drop off a vine? Why do you let that silly business come in her brain？”
“She is very sick and weak，” said Sue, “and the disease has left her mind full of strange ideas.”
“This is not any place in which one so good as Miss Johnsy shall lie sick，” yelled Behrman.“Some day I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away.”
Johnsy was sleeping when they went upstairs. Sue pulled the shade down to cover the window. She and Behrman went into the other room. They looked out a window fearfully at the ivy vine. Then they looked at each other without speaking. A cold rain was falling, mixed with snow. Behrman sat and posed as the miner.
The next morning, Sue awoke after an hour's sleep. She found Johnsy with wide-open eyes staring at the covered window.
“Pull up the shade; I want to see，” she ordered, quietly.
Sue obeyed.
After the beating rain and fierce wind that blew through the night, there yet stood against the wall one ivy leaf. It was the last one on the vine. It was still dark green at the center. But its edges were colored with the yellow. It hung bravely from the branch about seven meters above the ground.
“It is the last one，” said Johnsy. “I thought it would surely fall during the night. I heard the wind. It will fall today and I shall die at the same time.”
“Dear, dear！” said Sue, leaning her worn face down toward the bed. “Think of me, if you won't think of yourself. What would I do？”
But Johnsy did not answer.
The next morning, when it was light, Johnsy demanded that the window shade be raised. The ivy leaf was still there. Johnsy lay for a long time, looking at it. And then she called to Sue, who was preparing chicken soup.
“I've been a bad girl，” said Johnsy. “Something has made that last leaf stay there to show me how bad I was. It is wrong to want to die. You may bring me a little soup now.”
An hour later she said: “Someday I hope to paint the Bay of Naples.”
Later in the day, the doctor came, and Sue talked to him in the hallway.
“Even_chances. With good care, you'll win，” said the doctor. “And now I must see another case I have in your building. Behrman, his name is some kind of an artist, I believe. Pneumonia (肺炎), too. He is an old, weak man and his case is severe. There is no hope for him; but he goes to the hospital today to ease his pain.”
The next day, the doctor said to Sue：“ She's out of danger. You won. Nutrition and care now — that's all.”
Later that day, Sue came to the bed where Johnsy lay, and put one arm around her.
“I have something to tell you, white mouse，” she said. Mister Behrman died of pneumonia today in the hospital. He was sick only two days. They found him the morning of the first day in his room downstairs helpless with pain. His shoes and clothing were completely wet and icy cold. They could not imagine where he had been on such a terrible night.
And then they found a lantern, still lighted. And they found a ladder that had been moved from its place. And art supplies and a painting board with green and yellow colors mixed on it.
And look out the window, dear, at the last ivy leaf on the wall. Didn't you wonder why it never moved when the wind blew? Ah, darling, it is Behrman's masterpiece — he painted it there the night that the last leaf fell.
语篇解读：一片叶子关系到一个年轻女孩儿的生命，一位二十五年未曾动过画笔的画家用自己的生命创作了一幅杰作，挽救了女孩儿的生命。
1．What was in Johnsy's mind all the time?
A．When the last leaf falls I must go.
B．The old ivy leaves have little to do with my getting well.
C．I am such a bad girl as to make everything messy.
D．Someday I hope to paint a masterpiece.
解析：选A　细节理解题。结合第三段引号中Behrman所说的话以及下文中的“It is the last one ... and I shall die at the same time.”可知一直萦绕在Johnsy脑海中的想法是当最后一片叶子落下时，她一定会死。
2．Which detail in the passage suggests that Behrman was a failure?
A．He worked as a miner to make ends meet.
B．His drawing board had waited 25 years to receive the first line of his masterpiece.
C．He was protective of the two girls but mostly sensitive and fierce.
D．He was a professional model waiting for his great opportunity.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句可知，作为一名画家，Behrman却有25年没有在空白的油画布上画一笔，由此表明他在艺术方面是一名失败者。
3．One can safely assume after reading the story that________．
A．the relationship between the two artist girls was developed on material comfort
B．the three artists mentioned in the story shared a studio apartment
C．Behrman showed great sympathy for the two youth
D．Johnsy was somehow annoyed to be accompanied by a never-succeeded artist
解析：选C　推理判断题。结合第一段最后一句中的内容以及Behrman默默地不惜冒着生命危险去挽救濒临死亡边缘的Johnsy可推知他非常同情这两个年轻女孩儿。
4．What does the underlined part “Even chances” suggest?
A．The doctor indicated that Johnsy was doomed to die.
B．The doctor thought that they should let her go.
C．The doctor believed that Johnsy had every chance of recovery.
D．The doctor put her chances at fifty-fifty.
解析：选D　词义猜测题。结合上文中提到的Johnsy脑海中一直存在的想法以及画线部分后面医生对Sue所说的话“With good care, you'll win”可推测医生认为Johnsy只有一半活命的机会。
5．When Johnsy said she had been a bad girl, she meant that________．
A．asking for death was not right
B．she deserved more severe punishment
C．she should never forget about her dream
D．she was ashamed not to be able to support the other two
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文中Johnsy说的话“It is wrong to want to die.”可知Johnsy说自己一直是一个坏女孩儿的意思是自己寻死是不对的。
[湖南专用]
Ⅳ.完形填空
(一)
One cold winter night, a fox woke up feeling very thirsty. The fox went out into the dark cold night to look for water. He reached the lake and was __1__ to find that only part of the lake was frozen. So he sat at the edge of the__2__ part, drinking water. All went__3__ until he was ready to leave. To his surprise, his lovely red tail was frozen and __4__ to the ice! If he had pulled really hard, he would have been__5__. But he did not want to lose the beautiful red hairs at the tip of his tail. He loved his tail very much.
“I'll__6__ for a while，” thought the fox.“ Maybe the ice will thaw (解冻) soon and then my tail will be free again.” He was not worried at all. The men were all still__7__ and he was safe until__8__. The fox sat on the ice, waiting patiently. Soon the sky began to get lighter. He looked at his tail and tried to wriggle (扭动) it. But now the whole tail was frozen to the ice! The poor fox was__9__ now. Once it was dawn, the men would come to the lake and he knew that they liked to hunt foxes.
The fox heard the__10__. He found some people coming towards the lake! He was terrified, but he could not move. Just then a wolf__11__ to be passing by and the fox called out to him for help. The wolf looked at the fox's tail. He knew how to free the poor fox. He immediately went up to the fox and bit off his whole tail. The fox was able to__12__， but he lost his whole beautiful tail.
语篇解读：本文为记叙文。短文通过讲述一只狐狸的故事，告诉我们“当断则断，不要因小失大”的人生哲理。
1．A.puzzled B．shocked
C．disappointed D．delighted
解析：选D　狐狸走到湖边发现只有部分湖面结冰，还能够喝到水，故应是感到高兴(delighted)。
2．A.frozen B．melted
C．untouched D．polluted
解析：选A　结合语境可判断狐狸喝水时应坐在结了冰的(frozen)湖面上。
3．A.hardly B．strangely
C．smoothly D．undoubtedly
解析：选C　一切顺利直到狐狸准备离开。smoothly“顺利地”。
4．A.adjusted B．stuck
C．adapted D．added
解析：选B　前文讲到狐狸尾巴冻上了可知应是冻到(stuck)冰上了。adjust“调整”；stick“粘住”；adapt“适应”；add“增加”。
5．A.hungry B．free
C．afraid D．busy
解析：选B　free在此是形容词，表示“自由的，脱离困境的”之意。且由下文“... then my tail will be free again”也可知此处应用free。如果他使劲扯拉的话，他是可以脱离困境的。
6．A.drink B．call
C．lie D．wait
解析：选D　从后面可以看出狐狸并不打算立即离开。想等一等(wait)。
7．A.asleep B．alone
C．awake D．alive
解析：选A　由文章开头可知此时是night，故人们应该还在睡觉(asleep)。
8．A.dusk B．noon
C．dawn D．midnight
解析：选C　从下文的“Once it was dawn, the men would come to the lake and he knew that they liked to hunt foxes.”可以看出在天亮(dawn)前狐狸是安全的。
9．A.thrilled B．excited
C．disappointed D．frightened
解析：选D　从后面一句可以看出狐狸现在感到害怕了(frightened)。
10．A.noise B．voice
C．howl D．help
解析：选B　下文说到他发现一些人向湖边走来，故他听到了人的声音，voice通常指“人的说话声”，故选B项。
11．A.seemed B．managed
C．used D．happened
解析：选D　就在那时，一条狼碰巧路过，然后狐狸大声向他呼救。happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”，符合句意。
12．A.escape B．stand
C．walk D．recover
解析：选A　因为狐狸的整个尾巴被咬断了，所以他得以逃脱(escape)。
(二)
One evening, Hand, a young man at a certain college who was known to be something of a poet read__13__ of his poems to a small group of his friends in a room. The poem was greatly admired. But afterwards, one of them，__14__ was called Crick, said, “I was very interested in Hand's poem, but it was stolen __15__a book.”
His words were reported to Hand, who was very angry and required__16__ apology. “Well，” said Crick，“I don't often take back what I said, __17__ this time I admit I was mistaken.__18__ I got to my room, I looked in the book which I thought the poem was stolen from, and I saw it was__19__ there！” Do you think the poem Hand read that evening was written by Hand__20__？
13．________　14.________　15.________　16.________ 17．________ 18.________ 19.________ 20.________
答案：13.one　14.who　15.from　16.an　17.but　18.When　19.still　20.himself
Ⅴ.阅读理解
For the last couple of weeks, I had been stuck in front of my computer working on a project that was very important to me. My every waking hour was consumed by the project and although I imagined that I would feel happy after completing parts of the project, I was confused to find that instead, I was feeling rather depressed. I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up. I had a relaxing bath, cooked a delicious meal to enjoy with my family and even watched a light-hearted movie, but to_no_avail. It was only when I turned to meditation (沉思) for a solution that the answer came to me: turn to nature!
The very next day, I grabbed my camera and a bottle of water and set off to spend a few hours walking in a nature reserve, even though it was pouring with rain. Within a couple of minutes I felt alive again. To be honest, I felt like a young school girl again and had to stop myself from hopping along the path singing I'm singing in the rain, a song I used to sing when I was a child. I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we restrain our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.
Interestingly, it has been shown that people who spend 40 minutes walking in a nature reserve have a drop in their blood pressure levels, but this does not happen when they spend a similar amount of time walking in a busy city centre.
If you feel a little low in spirits and know that you have spent too much time indoors, relax completely, remove your shoes and let your inner child come out and play.
语篇解读：假如你的情绪不佳，那就投入到大自然的怀抱吧！身体得到放松，童心得以萌发，可以尽情玩耍。
1．The author felt depressed because she ________．
A．couldn't consume her waking hours
B．had not seen a film for a long time
C．had not finished her work on time
D．had worked on a hard job for too long
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的前两句可知原因是作者做一件艰苦的工作时间太长。
2．The author walked in a nature reserve in the rain in order to ________．
A．take photos
B．find a solution to the project
C．hop along the path
D．cheer herself up
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up.”可知作者在自然保护区中散步也是为了“让自己振作起来”。
3．The underlined part “to no avail” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．unsuccessful B．unrelated
C．uninteresting D．unexpected
解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前面的转折连词but可知洗澡、美食和电影都没有效果，都没有使作者振作起来。故A项与画线部分意思最接近。
4．In the author's opinion, ________．
A．a bath can make people relaxed
B．depression is usually caused by hard work
C．walking in a busy city centre harms people's health
D．it's good for adults to wake up their inner children when they are in low spirits
解析：选D　推理判断题。结合第二段最后一句中的内容以及最后一段的内容可推知作者认为成年人唤醒童心能帮助他们摆脱低落情绪。
5．The last paragraph mainly serves as a(n) ________．
A．explanation B．suggestion
C．introduction D．reminder
解析：选B　文章结构题。最后一段提到如果你感到情绪低落并且知道在室内待的时间太久，你就要彻底放松，脱掉鞋子，释放自己的童心去玩耍，显然是提供“建议”。