英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 2 The universal language（2）课时跟踪检测

英语选修8译林牛津版同步作业及答案：Unit 3（2）课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It was his brother who committed (犯罪) the murder.
2．The school rewarded (奖励) him with a prize for his excellent studies.
3．The tree cast its shadow (影子) on the wall.
4．The helicopter (直升机) hovered over the crowd for a while before flying away.
5．She has acute (敏锐的) hearing and eyesight.
6．You explain things in a way that is too abstract (抽象的，深奥的) for me.
7．Cooperstown, New York, is said to be the birthplace (发源地) of baseball.
8．This is the most impressive architecture (建筑，建筑物) I've seen on this trip.
9．Television is a very efficient medium (媒介，媒体) for spreading information.
10．Have you finished calculating (计算) yet?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．这个女孩被交给她的阿姨照顾。
The girl was/is_committed_to the care of her aunt.
2．他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。
It is unfair that he gets very little in_reward_for his hard work.
3．据计算整个旅行的费用将达到3 000英镑。
It_has_been_calculated_that the total cost of the trip will come to ￡ 3，000.
4．在五天内完成工作是不可能的。
It_is_impossible_to_finish the task within five days.
5．这个测验会花30多分钟的时间。
This test will take upwards_of thirty minutes.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．Don't be________ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
A．taken off　　　　　　　 B．taken out
C．taken away D．taken in
解析：选D　考查take的短语。句意：不要被声称很快就能减肥成功的产品所欺骗。take in“欺骗，吸收”；take off“起飞，取消，脱下”；take out“拿出，取出，去掉”；take away“取/拿走”。
2．—You have moved again? Would you please let me know your________ address?
—No problem.
A．concrete B．appropriate
C．typical D．flexible
解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你又搬家了？你能不能给我个具体的地址？”“没问题。”concrete“具体的”；appropriate“合适的，恰当的”；typical“典型的”；flexible“灵活的”，由句意可知A项正确。
3．He found it difficult to support a family, for________ $40 was spent on food every day.
A．instead of B．upwards of
C．above all D．as well
解析：选B　考查短语辨析。句意：他发现养家糊口很难，因为每天花在食物上的钱就高达40多美元。upwards of“超过”；instead of“代替”；above all“最重要的是”；as well“和，也”。
4．He committed himself________ the anti-war movement.
A．on B．to
C．with D．for
解析：选B　考查commit的搭配。commit oneself to ...“致力于……，全身心地投入……”，为固定搭配。
5．They have________ a consensus________ the company is set up, he will own the share of 15%.
A．achieved; that B．achieved; that if
C．reached; that D．reached; if
解析：选B　考查动词与名词性从句。句意：他们已经达成共识，如果公司成立起来，他将拥有公司百分之十五的股份。achieve/reach a consensus“达成共识”，故解本题的关键在第二个空。consensus后接that引导的同位语从句，从句又含有if引导的条件状语从句，故B项正确。
6．The loss has not yet been________ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond one hundred million dollars.
A．calculated B．considered
C．completed D．controlled
解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：损失还没有确切地计算出来，但人们相信它将远远超出一亿美元。calculate有“计算”之意，符合题意。
7．The prices of the shoes________ $25 to $100.
A．range in B．range between
C．range from D．range at
解析：选C　考查range的搭配。句意：这些鞋子的价格从25美元到100美元不等。range from ... to ...“从……到……，在……和……之间变化”。
8．The government will________ the local villagers for their taking care of the young trees planted this spring.
A．reward B．recover
C．rescue D．request
解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府会因当地村民悉心照料今年春天种下的小树而奖励他们的。reward sb. for ...“因……奖励某人”。recover“恢复”；rescue“营救”；request“要求”。
9．Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you________ yesterday?
A．tried on B．put on
C．had on D．pulled on
解析：选C　考查on的搭配。have on是口语中常用的习语，指穿衣、穿鞋或戴帽子的状态。pull on指匆匆忙忙穿上衣物的动作，宾语须是衣物；put on指穿衣的动作，宾语须是衣服；try on意为“试穿”。
10．Lu Xun, who has written many novels known________ the world, is known________ a great writer.
A．as; for B．to; for
C．for; to D．to; as
解析：选D　考查know的搭配。句意：鲁迅写了很多闻名世界的小说，他作为一名伟大的作家而闻名于世。be known to“为……所熟知”；be known for“因……而著名”；be known as“作为……而出名”。
[江苏、安徽专用]
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
A painting by Vincent Van Gogh has been sold for $49 m — a world record for a work of art.
The final price was more than twice what the painting, called Irises, had been expected to reach.
The anonymous (匿名的) purchaser must also pay a 10% commission fee (代理费) to the auction house, Sotheby's, bringing the total to $53.9 m.
The sale was also accomplished in what may have been a record time given the figures involed — the bidding rose from the starting point of$15 m to reach the final sale price in less than two minutes.
Irises depicts (描述，描写) the garden of the Saint-Remy mental asylum (精神病院) in France where Van Gogh was a patient.
It was painted in 1889, a few months before the artist committed suicide aged 37.
The previous record for a painting was set in March by another Van Gogh masterpiece, Sunflowers.
It was bought in London for just under $40 m by a Japanese insurance company.
Traditionally art prices have reflected the state of the economy so in the wake of a stock market crash Irises had not been expected to fetch such a huge sum.
Sotheby's North America chairman John Marion said the sale proved the art world was “alive and well”．
“This painting was beyond the stock market. It transcended the stock market. There just is no other opportunity to buy a painting like this，” Mr Marion said.
Irises had been owned by John Whitney Payson, the heir to one of America's biggest fortunes.
His mother, Joan, bought it for $80，000 in 1947, and hung it over the fireplace in her living room.
After her death in 1975, the painting was displayed in a gallery Mr Payson built in his mother's memory.
He said he decided to sell it after the record-breaking Sunflowers auction because he felt he could not guarantee the safety of a painting potentially worth $40 m or more.
语篇解读：梵高的一幅画卖了四千九百万美元，使之成为艺术品拍卖的世界纪录。这个最终价格是这幅名为Irises的作品的预期售价的两倍多。
1．How much more was Irises bought than Sunflowers?
A．$49 m. B．$40 m.
C．$9 m. D．More than $9 m.
解析：选D　细节理解题。文中第一段提到Irises卖了$49 m，第八段提到Sunflowers卖价低于$40 m，所以测算出二者差价在$9 m以上，故选D。
2．How much will the anonymous purchaser pay to the auction house?
A．$4.9 m. B．$10 m.
C．$5.39 m. D．$13.9m.
解析：选A　细节理解题。第三段提到匿名买者必须付10%的代理费给拍卖行。由此可以推算出他付了$4.9 m的代理费，故选A。
3．What can we know from the fifth paragraph?
A．Van Gogh was abnormal in mind before he committed suicide.
B．Van Gogh was in a good health.
C．Irises was painted in Saint-Remy mental asylum.
D．Irises was set in Saint-Remy mental asylum in London.
解析：选A　推理判断题。文中第五段提到Irises描述了Saint-Remy精神病院的花园，梵高曾是这里的病人。故可以推测出梵高精神不正常，故选A。
4．What's the stock market like when Irises was sold?
A．It could bring a lot of money then.
B．It was just awakened.
C．It was a “bull market” then.
D．It was a “bear market” then.
解析：选D　细节理解题。文章第九段提到艺术价格反映了经济状态，所以在股票市场低迷时，Irises并没有被期望获取这么巨大的资金，故选D。
B
Host says: If you're happy and you know it
Being happy seems to be important to a lot of people. The chase of happiness is stated to be an “absolute right” in the American Declaration of Independence. But what makes us happy?
In my opinion getting older doesn't necessarily make you unhappy, and on the whole (at least in England) we're happier than we used to be. In fact, happiness isn't connected with age one way or another, but it is connected with (among other things) being a white, British male, owning your own home (which you share with the other half), being well-educated, having an active social life and going to church.
Christer Allgulander writes, “The findings that men are happier than women deserve further study. Darwin said that happy people are more likely to survive.” Interesting.
Bruce Altona says：
Active social life and going to church may be a problem for me, though as a dog walker I guess I get to meet other dog owners once in a while. And does “owning your own home” mean that it's fully paid off? Oops, there goes another point. The biggest surprise about this was the difference between the sexes. I have worked in market research before, and I imagine that the same problems of question control researchers.
Mightythor says：
In_these_kinds_of_studies,_it_seems_like_what_you_find_depends_on_what_you're_looking_for. Other studies have reported that happiness links with health (not even mentioned here), wealth and youth. I saw a report once that said kids who believe in Santa are happier than kids who don't. For what it's worth ....
Richard P. Grant says：
I have to agree with Mightythor, example of a study conducted by Dr Ronit Peled where being happy might protect against cancer. However, it is universal to know that happiness has nothing to do with age. But there is a huge difference between wanting to be happy and just being happy.
语篇解读：快乐是什么？网友对“快乐”表达了不同的看法。
5．According to Host happiness________．
A．will become less as one gets older
B．won't be influenced by a person's increasing age
C．completely depends on a person's skin color and sex
D．will be greatest if one is married with a house of his/her own
解析：选B　细节理解题。Host所发帖子的第二段第一句中的“getting older doesn't necessarily make you unhappy”说明，在他看来，年龄的增长不会成为阻碍快乐的因素。
6．Why does the Host mention Darwin's words?
A．To show the importance of active attitude in life.
B．To encourage all of us to be active when we are in danger.
C．To make us realize the secret to the development of society.
D．To prove men worked better than women in history.
解析：选A　推理判断题。所有的帖子都是在讨论“快乐”，这里引用达尔文的“适者生存”的理论来强调积极乐观地面对人生的重要性。
7．What can we learn from the words of Bruce Altona?
A．He believes owning his own house makes him happiest.
B．He seldom walks his dog and doesn't like to make friends.
C．He thinks only women regard owing a home as the happiest thing.
D．He thinks different sexes have different attitude to owing a home.
解析：选D　推理判断题。Bruce Altona提到了自己的消遣并对是否拥有属于自己的房子就会感到快乐给出了自己的看法。D项表述和“biggest surprise about this was the difference between the sexes”一致。
8．The underlined words of Mightythor mean________．
A．people anxious about happiness are likely to be in bad health
B．different people look for happiness from their study
C．a person's happiness depends on his or her life aim
D．wealth is always received at the cost of youth
解析：选C　句意理解题。Mightythor对待快乐的看法是，你的追求决定了你的快乐目标。画线句的“depends on what you're looking for”和C项表述一致。
9．By saying “wanting to be happy and just being happy” Richard P. Grant means________．
A．he believes being happy can defeat everything including cancer
B．he has realized that getting old can defeat unhappy attitude
C．he expects himself to be a person of being happy every day
D．he thinks the course of creating happiness is more valuable
解析：选D　推理判断题。“a huge difference between wanting to be happy and just being happy”说明他认为创造快乐的过程比最后的结果更使自己感到快乐。
[湖南专用]
Ⅳ.阅读理解(同江苏、安徽专用B篇)
Ⅴ.阅读简答
You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the world's temperature. But rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation (撤离) of an island nation — the citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland.
During the 20th century, sea level rose 8－12 inches. As a result, Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water which has polluted the country's drinking water.
Paani Laupepa, a Tuvaluan government official, reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years. Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions (导致温室效应的气体排放), which are a main cause of global warming. “By refusing to sign the agreement, the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years，” Laupepa told the BBC.
Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries.
Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable (易受影响的) to rising sea levels. Maumoon Gayoon, president of the Maldives, told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311，000 an “endangered nation”．
1．What is the direct cause of more and fiercer storms according to scientists? (No more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2．Why was Laupepa not satisfied with the United States? (No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3．Which country's situation is similar to that of Tuvalu? (No more than 2 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4．What is the text mainly about? (No more than 7 words)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.Higher surface water temperatures of the sea.
2．Because it doesn't agree to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions.
3．The Maldives.
4．Bad effects of global warming.