Module5 Section I
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Having lived in England for 20 years, he has got a______.
2．In 1969, the Americans made a h________step into space.
3．I was a w________to the accident.
4．I a________that the present situation will continue.
5．Caring the sick needs great p________.
6．A________technology is in great need.
7．As we turned the corner, a lake came into v________.
8．Several d________ago, a great nation was founded.
9．They a________that they know the crime.
10．You can choose any number at r________.
答案：1.accustomed 2.historic 3.witness 4.assume 5.patience 6.Advanced 7.view 8.decades 9.acknowledge 10.random
Ⅱ.根据课文填空
Stage 1
1.Nei Armstrong first (1)________the Moon back on 21st July, 1969.
2．With Armstrong's now famous words：“That's one small step for man, one giant (2)________for mankind”， a dream was (3)________．
3．All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth, (4)________a spaceship computer.
Stage 2
1.There were several more (5)________into space over the next few years but the single spaceships were very (6)________．
2．People were no longer so (7)________about a space travel programme.
3．The first shuttle flight into space was the Columbia—(8)________from the Kennedy Space Centre on 12th April, 1981.
4．It was a (9)________and the Columbia made a safe, controlled, aeroplane-style landing in California.
5．This was the (10)________of a new age of space travel.
Stage 3
1.By 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and (11)________at the amazing achievement of people going up into space.
2．An (12)________teacher, Christa McAuliffe, was to be the first civilian in space.
3．The Challenger (13)________just over a minute after (14)________off in Florida and all seven astronauts were killed.
4．The world was in (15)________.
答案：(1)set foot on (2)leap (3)achieved (4)using (5)journeys (6)expensive (7)enthusiastic (8)launched (9)success (10)start (11)wonder (12)ordinary (13)exploded (14)taking (15)shock
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．He always did well at school________having to do part time jobs every now and then.
A．instead of B．in case of
C．in spite of D．in favour of
答案：C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管不得不时常做些兼职工作，他的学业总是很好。instead of“代替，而不是”；in case of“假如，如果发生”；in spite of“不顾，尽管”；in favour of“赞成，支持”。
2．He is going to________the story where he left off yesterday.
A．take in B．take up
C．take off D．take over
答案：B 考查take短语辨析。句意：他打算从昨天停止的地方继续那个故事。take in“接受，吸收，包括， 领会，理解，欺骗”；take up“把……继续下去”；take off“脱下；起飞”；take over“接收，接管”。
3．You'd better not speak of it________of the story, otherwise it may give away the surprising ending.
A．in the beginning
B．at the beginning
C．at the end
D．in the end
答案：B 考查短语辨析。句意：在故事开始时最好不要说它，否则它会泄露出人意料的结局。at the beginning of“在……开始时”，符合句意。at the end of“在……结束时，在……尽头”；in the beginning“起初，首先”；in the end“最后，终于”，为固定短语，不与of连用。
4．Liu Xiang won________gold medal in the 11th National Games, which is ________third gold medal he has won in the national games.
A．a; a B．the; a
C．a; the D．the; the
答案：C 考查冠词用法。句意：刘翔在第11届全运会上获得了一枚金牌，这是他在全运会上获得的第三枚金牌。第一个空表泛指，用不定冠词a；第二个空表特指，用定冠词the。
5．There________nothing else to do, they went away.
A．had B．was
C．being D．having
答案：C 考查独立主格结构。句意：由于无事可做，他们离开了。句子前半部分作状语，表示原因，且没有连词，故可判断为独立主格结构。因there与be有逻辑上的主谓关系，故be动词采用-ing形式。
6．She slept the whole day, ________.
A．sadly and tiredly
B．sadly and tiring
C．sad and tired
D．sad and tiring
答案：C 考查形容词作状语。句意：她既悲伤又疲倦，就睡了整整一天。在句中形容词作状语修饰前面的句子，并不修饰动词slept。
7．It is a popular show, so________booking is essential.
A．precious B．advanced
C．previous D．advance
答案：D 句意：这是个很受欢迎的演出，所以一定要提前订票。advance为形容词，表示“预先的”，符合句意。advanced为形容词，表示“先进的”；precious“珍贵的”；previous“先前的”。
8．So funny did she look that everybody________laughing.
A．broke in B．burst in
C．burst out D．broke out
答案：C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的表情如此滑稽，所有人都突然笑了起来。burst into laughter＝burst out laughing“突然大笑起来”，符合句意。burst in＝break in“闯进，冲进”；break out“突然爆发”。
9．You are driving me mad, Jack! My________is giving out.
A．belief B．faith
C．confidence D．patience
答案：D 考查名词辨析。句意：杰克，你快使我发疯了。我的耐心快耗尽了。patience“耐心”，符合句意。belief“相信，信念”；faith“信仰”；confidence“信心”。
10．Accustomed to________the steep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.
A．climbing
B．climb
C．having climbed
D．have climbed
答案：A 考查动词的形式。句意：他习惯于攀爬陡峭的山，所以毫无困难地到达了山顶。accustomed to“习惯于”，后接动词的-ing形式。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Dae Jang Geum(《大长今》)is a hot new Korean TV series. Because of this series, my personal status and living standard have been greatly__1__. My girlfriend used to cook every evening. Well, now she does nothing but__2__in front of the TV when she's not__3__， and commands me, “You! Go make some instant noodles. Come and watch the play and just imagine we are enjoying Korean__4__.”
She also swears to__5__all Korean dishes in Dae Jang Geum. So she orders me to__6__the TV and record any details of Jang Geum's cooking. But when she presented her version of Korean food, it is like a dog's meal. “You can__7__get things done if you find the right tools，”my girlfriend blamed her clumsy kitchen performances on__8__. So I decided to__9__her a new kitchen knife. In a store, she became unusually__10__when making her selection. She finally picked one that was__11__Jang Geum's. To prove that her slow knife skill was due to the blunt(钝的)knives, she__12__her cutting. As a result, she hurt her fingers three times. Fortunately the knife is not__13__the salesman boasts.
My girlfriend is a fan of Jang Geum's Korean__14__. Not only did she talk about the dress every day, she also threatened to change my tie into a__15__like the one on Jang Geum's dress. Finally, I lost my patience and took her to a maternity shop(孕妇专卖店)where I recommend one suited to her，“Do you think it looks like a Korean dress？”__16__， my future parents-in-law just happened to be shopping at the time. They were__17__when they saw what we were doing.
The Dae Jang Geum series__18__realizing the ambition of the youth. However, it fails to realize my girlfriend's.__19__being engaged in her work or study, she simply sits on the sofa every night, staring at the TV, a bag of chips in her hand. This situation has__20__even though the series is now over.
1．A.increased
B．degraded
C．depressed
D．raised
答案：B 由下文可知自己的地位和身份降低了。degrade“降低……的人格；贬低”。
2．A.stand B．lie
C．seat D．sit
答案：D 女友过去每天晚上都做饭，现在除了“坐”在电视前看电视什么事也不做。
3．A.at work B．at table
C．on leave D．on business
答案：A 根据逻辑关系，当然是不上班的时候看电视。
4．A.fruit B．vegetables
C．dishes D．cakes
答案：C 由上文“女友命令我拿些方便面”可知是边看电视边想象是在吃韩国的“膳食”，而不可能是韩国的水果、蔬菜或蛋糕。
5．A.eat B．learn
C．cook D．perform
答案：B 根据下文的意义得知：女友发誓要学做韩国菜。
6．A.stand for B．go by
C．pass by D．stand by
答案：D 由下文“记录下长今做菜的每一个细节(record any details of Jang Geum's cooking)”可知，是命令我“站”在电视机旁边。
7．A.easily B．hardly
C．difficultly D．carefully
答案：A 有了顺手的工具，当然“很容易”做好。
8．A.her forks B．her spoons
C．her knives D．her pans
答案：C 由下文的“a new kitchen knife”得知，女友抱怨自己的厨艺没展示出来是因为那把笨拙的菜刀。
9．A.buy B．borrow
C．lend D．fetch
答案：A 我决定给她“买”把新刀。
10．A.careless B．alert
C．patient D．modest
答案：C 挑选菜刀时非常有耐心。
11．A.better than B．the closest shape of
C．sharper than D．taken from
答案：B 结合上下文可知，刀的形状与长今使用的形状接近。
12．A.speeded up B．slowed down
C．brought down D．improved
答案：A 因加快了切菜的速度，所以把手弄伤了。
13．A.as fast as B．as dull as
C．as slow as D．as sharp as
答案：D 手被切了三次却没什么大碍，可知这把刀不像营业员吹嘘得那样锋利。
14．A.diet style B．dish flavor
C．dressing style D．cooking style
答案：C 由下文的“she talked about the dress every day”得知，女友迷上了韩国的服装式样。所以选dressing style“服装样式”。
15．A.inside pocket
B．butterfly knot
C．pretty collar
D．long belt
答案：B 把领带做成蝴蝶结，由常识可知韩国衣服上扎有蝴蝶结。
16．A.Coincidently
B．Disappointedly
C．Fortunately
D．Excitedly
答案：A 由下文happened to得知选coincidently“凑巧地；巧合地”。
17．A.very puzzled
B．pretty satisfied
C．very pleased
D．pretty shocked
答案：D 此时岳父母的心情当然是震惊。
18．A.shoots at B．aims at
C．directs at D．works at
答案：B 《大长今》被称为青春励志片，所以用aim at来表示“目的是……”；shoot at“朝……方向射击”；direct at“朝着……方向”； work at“从事于……”。
19．A.In spite of B．Because of
C．Instead of D．In case of
答案：C 看了《大长今》后，她并没有得到启发去努力实现自己的梦想。还是不去从事工作，而是每天晚上看电视。
20．A.changed little
B．turned a lot
C．developed a little
D．improved a lot
答案：A 由even though可推断出，这种局面直到电视剧结束也没有什么改变。
Ⅴ.阅读理解(2009·全国卷Ⅱ)
GUATEMALA CITY(Reuters)——A fish that lives in mangrove swamps(红树沼泽)across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted(适应)to land millions of years ago, a new study shows.
The Mangrove Rivulus, a type of small killifish, lives in small pools of water in a certain type of empty nut or even old beer cans in the mangrove swamps of Belize, the United States and Brazil. When their living place dries up, they live on the land in logs(圆木), said Scott Taylor, a researcher at the Brevard Endangered Lands Program in Florida.
The fish, whose scientific name is Rivulus marmoratus, can grow as large as three inches. They group together in logs and breathe air through their skin until they can find water again.
The new scientific discovery came after a trip to Belize.
“We kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out，” Taylor told Reuters in neighboring Guatemala by telephone. He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year.
In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating.
Some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time. The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at a time, while lungfish found in Australia, Africa and South America can live out of water, but only in an inactive state. But no other known fish can be out of water as long as the Mangrove Rivulus and remain active, according to Patricia Wright, a biologist at Canada's University of Guelph.
Further studies of the fish may tell how animals changed over time.
“These animals live in conditions similar to those that existed millions of years ago, when animals began making the transition(过渡)from water onto land，” Wright said.
1．The Mangrove Rivulus is a type of fish that________.
A．likes eating nuts
B．prefers living in dry places
C．is the longest living fish on earth
D．can stay alive for two months out of water
答案：D 根据第六段“In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating.”可知。
2．Who will write up a report on Mangrove Rivulus?
A．Patricia Wright.
B．Researchers in Guatemala.
C．Scientists from Belize.
D．Scott Taylor.
答案：D 根据第五段第二句话“He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year.”可知。
3．According to the text, lungfish can________.
A．breathe through its skin
B．move freely on dry land
C．remain alive out of water
D．be as active on land as in water
答案：C 根据第七段前两句话“Some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time. The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at a time, while lungfish found in Australia, Africa and South America can live out of water, but only in an inactive state.”可知。
4．What can we say about the discovery of Mangrove Rivulus?
A．It was made quite by accident.
B．It was based on a lab test of sea life.
C．It was supported by an American magazine.
D．It was helped by Patricia Wright.
答案：A 根据第五段第一句话的前半部分“We kicked over a log and the fish just came crowding out，...”可知：科学家是偶然发现这种生活在美洲陆地的红树属小鱼(Mangrove Rivulus)。
Module5 Section II
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Life is possible on other p________.
2．Without a moment's h________， he jumped into the river to save the boy.
3．Who made the________(决定)to go there?
4．I________(考虑)changing my job, but in the end I decided not to.
5．Sea water________(包含；含有)salt.
答案：1.planets 2.hesitation 3.decision 4.considered 5.contains
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．考虑做某事
________________________________________________________________________
2．做出决定
________________________________________________________________________
3．靠……为生
________________________________________________________________________
4．浪费钱
________________________________________________________________________
5．依某人来看
________________________________________________________________________
6．in favour of
________________________________________________________________________
7．make a list o
f________________________________________________________________________
8．send for
________________________________________________________________________
9．devote oneself to
________________________________________________________________________
10．run out
________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1．consider doing sth. 2.make a decision 3.live on 4.a waste of money 5.in one's opinion 6.支持；赞成 7.列出……的清单 8.派人去请 9.献身于…… 10.用完；耗尽
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．________you are supposed to do________you don't like a thing is changing it. Don't complain.
A．That; what B．When; that
C．What; since D．What; when
答案：D 考查名词性从句和状语从句。句意：当你不喜欢一件事情时你应该做的是改变它。不要抱怨。前句中主语包含时间状语从句的名词性从句。主语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语，故用What。由句意可知主语从句的后半部分为时间状语从句，且表示“当……时”，故由when引导。
2．________is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger and more prosperous economy.
A．As B．That
C．This D．It
答案：D 考查it的用法。句意：我们相信健康保障的改善会促成更强更繁荣的经济。由句意可知that从句为句子的真正主语，但却位于表语our belief之后，故用it作形式主语。
3．The companies are working together to create________they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
A．what B．which
C．that D．it
答案：A 考查名词性从句，句意：公司通力合作来创造他们希望是21世纪最好的交通方式。及物动词create后跟宾语从句。引导词在宾语从句中作主语，且表示物，故由what来引导。they hope为插入语。
4．Knowing________， as a matter of fact, one shouldn't know is a terrible thing.
A．whether B．that
C．what D．when
答案：C 考查名词性从句。句 意：实际上知道不应该知道的事情是可怕的。句子的主语为非谓语动词短语，由knowing和它的宾语从句构成。在knowing和它的写信事从句构成。在knowing后跟的宾语从句中引导词作动词know的宾语，故用what引导，as a matter of fact为插入语。
5．Don't take________for granted________your parents should supply what you need for you.
A．that; it B．it; that
C．it; what D．that; that
答案：B 考查名词性从句和it的用法。句意：不要认为你父母应该供给你所需的是理所应当的。动词短语take...for granted“认为……是理所应当的”，后跟的宾语从句置于句子末尾，故take后跟形式宾语it。宾语从句中引导词在从句中不作句子成分，只起引导作用，故用that。
6．As we all know, it is only about eighty kilometers from Siberia to ________is now the American state of Alaska.
A．that B．what
C．where D．the place
答案：B 考查宾语从句。句意：众所周知，从西伯利亚到现在的美国阿拉斯加州只有大约80千米的距离。介词to后跟宾语从句，其引导词在从句中作主语，故由what引导。
7．________is no possibility that the shy girl may win the first prize in contest.
A．There B．It
C．This D．That
答案：A 考查固定句型。句意：那个害羞的女孩不可能在比赛中赢得一等奖。There is no possibility that...为常用句型，表示“……是不可能的”。在这个句型中that引导同位语从句，说明抽象名词possibility的内容。
8．The problem is________he can reach the target he has set before the competition.
A．if B．whether
C．/ D．that
答案：B 考查表语从句。句意：问题是他是否能够达到比赛前所定的目标。由句意可知表语从句表示“是否……”，故由whether引导。if不能引导表语从句。that引导的表语从句，相当于一个陈述句，与句意不符。
9．The captain put forward the suggestion that the passengers________the ship because it was dangerous on such a stormy night.
A．not leave B．can not leave
C．would not leave D．didn't leave
答案：A 考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气。句意：因为在暴风雨的夜晚很危险，所以船长建议乘客不要离开船。名词suggestion后that引导的同位语从句中使用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词的形式为should＋动词原形，should可省略。
10．He told me he was satisfied with________.
A．all what I said B．that I said
C．whatever I had said D．no matter what I said
答案：C 考查名词性从句。句意：他告诉我他对我所说的很满意。介词with后跟宾语从句，不含疑问意义，且相当于anything that，故由whatever来引导。what引导的名词性从句不用all来修饰；that不引导介词后的宾语从句；no matter what引导让步状语从句。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．命令传过来了，医疗用品应该立即送到那个村子。
The order came that the medical supplies______________without delay.
2．——你们担心什么？
——(担心)我们能否成功。
—What are you anxious about?
——_______________________________________________________________________
3．莉莉对于长大后干什么有一些想法。
Lily has some idea________________when she grows up.
4．他们是老师，不知道开办和经营一家公司需要什么。
They are teachers and don't realize__________________to start and run a company.
5．对于海伦来说，戴维所说的一切听起来都是对的。这就是为什么她下定决心不管发生什么事情都要离开的原因。
____________________sounds right to Helen. That's why she has made up her mind to leave________________.
6．________(尽管我们有先进的科学技术)，the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space.
7．Would you like to________(去旅行)into space?
8．________(众所周知)the ancient Chinese invented the rocket.
9．Can “that”________(被省去)in any of the sentences?
10．A noun clause________(可以……开始)a question word.
答案：1.be sent to the village
2．Whether we can succeed
3．what she's going to be
4．what it takes
5．Whatever David says; whatever/no matter what happens
6．In spite of all our advanced technology
7．go on a journey
8．It is well-known that
9．be left out
10．can begin with
Ⅴ.用适当的连接词填空
1．After ten years, she changed a lot and looked different from ________she used to be.
2．Information has been put forward________more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
3．________the doctors really doubt is________my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4．We never doubt________our school team will win the match against No. 3 Middle School.
5．When woken up, he found he was standing on ________seemed to be a small piece of rock.
答案：1.what 2.that 3.What; whether 4.that 5.what
Ⅵ.阅读理解
A new enemy is threatening Japanese traditions: leisure (闲暇). As part of its attempt to increase imports, the government is trying to get people to work less and spend more. The workers are disgusted (厌烦的)．
The figures support the western prejudice (偏见)that the Japanese are all work and no play. Trying to force workers away from their desks and machines, the government said last April that the country should cut down from its 2,100 hours average work year to 1, 899 hours and a five-day week by 1992. Beginning in February, banks and stock markets will be closed on Saturdays; staff of civil service will be forced out of their offices two Saturdays a month. The government hopes that others will follow that practice.
But some persuasion will be needed. Small companies are very angry about it and they fear competitors may not cut hours. The unions are not happier: they have even advertised in newspapers arguing their case against the foreign pressure that is forcing leisure upon them. They say that shorters hours are a disguised pay cut. The industrialists, who have no objection to the government's plans, admit that shorter hours will help them cut costs. Younger Japanese who are supposed to be acting against their hard-working parents, show no sign of wanting time off, either. But unlike older workers, they do spend money in their spare time. Not content with watching television, they dance, dress up, sit in cafes, go to pop concerts and generally drive the leisure-industry boom. Now that they know how to consume, maybe the West can teach them to relax and enjoy themselves, too.
1．The purpose of getting the Japanese to have more spare time is that ________.
A．the government wants to show more concern for the health of the people
B．the government needs to get more goods from abroad
C．the Japanese have been working too hard
D．the Japanese hope to change the western prejudice
答案：B 细节理解题。从第一段第二个句子“As part of its attempt to increase imports, the government is trying to get people to work less and spend more”．可知日本政府要人们少工作一些、多玩一点的目的之一就是要增加进口量(to increase imports)，也就是从国外进口更多的货物。
2．The group of people who welcome the shorter-hour system in Japan is ________.
A．the small companies B．the industrialists
C．the unions D．the younger generation
答案：B 细节理解题。文中说工业家们不反对减少工作时间，因为减少工作时间可削减成本。
3．The unions think that ________.
A．the shorter hours they work, the higher pay they can get
B．the more they work, the less leisure they can enjoy
C．the shorter hours they work, the less pay they can have
D．the greater pressure the government is forcing on them, the less happy they can be
答案：C 细节理解题。由第三段第四句中“They say that shorter hours are a disguised pay cut.和The industrialists, who have no objection to the government's plans, admit that shorter hours will help them cut costs”．两句说明工人工作的时间越短，报酬越少。
4．The best title for this passage can be ________.
A．Oh no! Not Saturday Again!
B．Leisure: the Greatest Threat!
C．Enjoy While You Are Young!
D．Less Work and More Play!
答案：D 主旨大意题。第一段的第二句“...the government is trying to get people to work less and spend more”，说明了本文的主题就是“少工作，多享受”。
Module5 Section III
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The police a________him of stealing.
2．They a________his death by burning the village.
3．No one can f________what will happen in the future.
4．She pressed his hand in s________.
5．Her new idea made a great i________in the office.
6．You're safe! What a________(安慰)!
7．We have to hold our________(忠诚)to our nation.
8．It was a________(随意的)choice.
9．They________(承认)having been defeated.
10．Who is in________(权力)here?
答案：1.accused 2.avenged 3.foresee 4.sympathy 5.impact 6.relief 7.commitment 8.random 9.acknowledged 10.authority
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．指责某人某事
________________________________________________________________________
2．一系列的
________________________________________________________________________
3．祈望；祈求
________________________________________________________________________
4．使某事开始
________________________________________________________________________
5．be similar to
________________________________________________________________________
6．lead to
________________________________________________________________________
7．set out(to do sth.)
________________________________________________________________________
8．rather than
________________________________________________________________________
9．or so
________________________________________________________________________
10．insist on
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.accuse sb. of doing sth. 2.a series of 3.pray for
4．set... in motion 5.与……相似的 6.导致 7.着手干…… 8.(宁愿……)也不…… 9.大约 10.坚持(认为……)
Ⅲ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Chinese athletes________(swear)together under the Chinese national flag and signed an anti-doping declaration.
2．He used his knowledge to develop a pig farm with advanced technologies and succeeded in ________(grasp)market opportunities.
3．He hoped his book would help Chinese fans find a better way ________(relief)their pain.
4．________(broad), I think what this tells us is that there is a lack of confidence in the United States.
5．She has always stood by me and has been very ________(devotion)to my family.
6．They________(observation)the mothers playing with their children four times during this period.
答案：1.swore 2.grasping 3.to relieve 4.Broadly 5.devoted 6.observed
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．As is known to all, an accurate conclusion is________careful research.
A．relied on B．impressed on
C．based on D．depended on
答案：C 考查短语辨析。句意：众所周知，准确的结论是以仔细的研究为基础的。rely on＝depend on“依靠，依赖”，be based on“基于”。impress sth. on sb.“给……深刻印象，使铭记”。
2．A report________：“Job stress is a ________concern among many countries in the world, both developing and industrialized countries.”
A．concluded; common B．included; usual
C．concluded; same D．included; same
答案：A 考查动词和形容词辨析。句意：一份报告推断：“就业压力是世界上许多国家，包括发展中国家和发达国家，共同关注的问题。”conclude“推断，作结论”； include“包括，包含”；common“共同的”；usual“惯例的，通常的”；same“同一的，同样的”，与the连用。
3．In the botanical garden we can find a(n)________of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.
A．species B．series
C．variety D．amount
答案：C 考查名词辨析。句意：在植物园，我们能看到从高大的树木到矮小的花草等各种各样的植物。根据that引导的定语从句可知，a variety of各种各样的，符合句意。a species of“一种”；a series of“一系列，一连串”；an amount of“许多的”，后跟不可数名词。
4．The Group of Eight(G8)________the eight richest countries in the world.
A．made up of B．consists of
C．is consisted of D．is consistent with
答案：B 考查短语辨析。句意：八国集团由世界上八个最富有的国家组成。consist of＝be made up of“由……组成”；be consistent with“与……一致/相符”。
5．American cities are________to other cities around the world. In every country, cities show the value of the culture.
A．different B．difficult
C．similar D．alike
答案：C 考查形容词辨析。句意：美国的城市与世界上其他城市很相似。在每个国家，城市都展示了文化的价值。different“不同的”，与from搭配；difficult“困难的”；similar“相似的”，与to搭配；alike“相似的”，常单独作表语，不与to搭配。
6．—I'm not quite sure________to get there.
—You'd better________a map.
A．when; consult B．when; instruct
C．how; consult D．how; instruct
答案：C 考查疑问词和动词辨析。句意：——我不确信如何到达那里。——你最好查阅地图。由答语中的map可知第一个人对于如何到达那里不能确定，故选用how＋动词不定式；consult“查阅(词典、地图等)”；instruct“指教，命令，教导”。
7．Don't be joking. It's time to________your business.
A．set out B．take up
C．go on D．get down
答案：B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要开玩笑了，该开始工作了。take up意为“开始从事”，后跟名词作宾语；set out“开始做”，后跟to do sth., go on后跟 with sth.表示“继续”；get down to(doing)sth.“开始做某事，着手做某事”。
8．—Isn't that Ann's husband over there?
—No, it________be him—I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses. It________be our English teacher.
A．can't; must B．must not; must
C．won't; can D．may not; must
答案：A 考查情态动词表示推测的用法。句意：——那边那个人是安的丈夫吗？——不可能是他。我确定他不戴眼镜。那一定是我们的英语老师。can't表示否定的推测，译成“不可能，一定不会”；must表示肯定的推测，译成“一定，肯定”。
9．Exciting________its special effects are to watch, there is too much violence in the film.
A．if B．unless
C．as D．although
答案：C 考查连词用法。句意：尽管这部电影的特效看上去很令人兴奋，但有太多的暴力。根据句意可知句子的前一部分为让步状语从句，其正常语序应为exciting to watch作表语。as引导让步状语从句时，须将从句的表语提到as之前；although引导让步状语从句，从句使用正常语序。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A(2010·安徽)
Have you ever wondered？
1.Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?
It can take five hours to go west-east from New York(NY)to London but seven hours to travel east-west from London to NY. The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射)stream. The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic. The planes moving at a constant air speed thus go faster in the west-east direction when they are moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.
2.What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?
Supposing we could magically turn off gravity. Would buildings and other structures(建筑物)float away? What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth. The Earth is moving at quite a speed, moving at over a thousand miles per hour. If you turn something around your head on a string(细绳), it goes around in a circle until you let go of the string. Then it flies off in a straight line. ‘Switching off’gravity would be like letting go of the string. Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line. People in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling. Most things outside would fly off into space.
文章大意：为什么飞机从西往东飞与从东往西飞所用的时间不同？假如没有地球引力，世界将会是什么样子？
1．What information can we get from the first passage?
A．It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.
B．Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.
C．It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.
D．The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atlantic.
答案：A 推理判断题。本段中间部分提到出现这种现象的原因在于大气层中的喷射气流，由此可推断是喷射气流影响了飞机的飞行速度。其他选项明显与文章内容不符。
2．The word“shoot”underlined in the 2nd passage probably means“________”．
A．send for B．move quickly
C．come out D．grow quickly
答案：B 猜测词义题。根据上一句中的内容可推测假如没有了引力，楼房中的人将会突然高度“射”起，故选B。
3．It can be inferred that without gravity________.
A．buildings and other structures would float away
B．trees and buildings would not so easily fly off
C．something around your head would not float away
D．everything outside buildings would fly off into space
答案：B 推理判断题。本段倒数第三句提到，如果没有了引力，没有附属于地球的东西将呈直线状飞离，而树和楼房与地球紧密相连，由此可推断它们不容易飞离地球。
4．Where can we most probably read this text?
A．In a research paper.
B．In a short story.
C．In a travel magazine.
D．In a student's book.
答案：D 推理判断题。这两篇科普小短文，分别提示的是神秘的自然现象和对宇宙现象的假想，妙趣横生，非常适合学生阅读，所以选择D项。文章没有使用过于深奥的专业术语，因此A项不恰当。
B(2010·四川)
Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new 47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the city's poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly(以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放) while also cutting costs.
Fox Point is operated by Palladia, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy people. Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners(ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers.
ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally(环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.
Michael Bloomberg, New York's mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for 500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York City's greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused by housing. So he recently announced that the city's Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD), whose duty is to develop and keep the city's supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECP's green standards.
Similar measures have been taken by other cities, such as Cleveland and Denver, but New York's DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.
文章大意：中文介绍了一种政府倡导的、节能的、运作成本低的新型房屋。
5．What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph?
A．To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.
B．To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.
C．To show how the environment-friendly building works.
D．To compare old and new boiler rooms.
答案：C 推理判断题。文中第一段介绍了这种环保建筑是怎样起作用的，为下文说明这种建筑被广泛应用埋下伏笔。
6．What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?
A．Lower running costs.
B．Costing less in construction.
C．Less air to be lost in hot days.
D．Better prices for homeless people.
答案：A 细节理解题。由第三段信息“...increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.”可推知，环保建筑的优势是运作成本较低。
7．It can be learned from the text that ________.
A．New York City is seriously polluted
B．people's daily life causes many carbon emission in New York City
C．a great number of people in New Youk City don't have houses to live in
D．some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City
答案：B 细节理解题。由第四段信息“Almost 80% of New York City's green-house-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused by housing.”可知答案为B。
8．What is the main purpose of this text?
A．To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.
B．To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing.
C．To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.
D．To introduce healthy, environmentally clever and affordable housing.
答案：D 主旨大意题。文章比较客观地介绍了一种健康的、环保的、人们有能力购买的房屋。
