2022年中考英语宾语从句课件28张

(共28张PPT)
Object clause 宾语从句
主讲人：XXXX
宾语
宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。
宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。
He likes apples. (名词作宾语）
Do you know him （代词作宾语）
Do you mind opening the door （动名词短语作宾语）
The little girl decides to leave alone. （不定式作宾语）
宾语从句
We know the teacher. 我们认识那个老师。
主S 谓V 宾O
我们知道他来自中国。
We know that he comes from China.
主S 谓V 主S 谓V 宾O
连接词
定义：由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。
宾语从句Object clause
宾语从句
将下列中文句子去掉引号，由直接引语变为间接引语。
妈妈说：“我今天去超市购物了。”
我问他们：“你们昨天做作业了吗？”
李明问我：“你昨天去哪里了？”
妈妈说她今天去超市购物了。
我问他们昨天他们是否做作业了？
李明问我昨天去哪里了。
总结：1. 宾语从句即是将直接引语变为间接引语，从句的人称需做相应的变化。
2. 宾语从句可以是陈述句，一般疑问句或是特殊疑问句。
宾语从句种类
宾语从句多数在及物动词后面，除此之外，还有介词后面跟宾语从句，及be动词后面跟部分表示情感的形容词时（sure、afraid、sorry、glad等）也可跟宾语从句。
For example：
They wonder who will climb the mountain with me.
他们想知道谁将和我一起去爬山。（动词后面的宾语从句）
We are talking about what we should do.
我们正谈论我们应该做什么。（介词后面的宾语从句）
I am sure that he will come again.
我肯定他会再来。（形容词后面的宾语从句）
宾语从句三要素
一. 连接词
二. 陈述与语序
三. 时态
that
Whether/if
特殊疑问词
连接词+主语+谓语+其它
宾语从句三要素
一、连接词
that
宾语从句（引语）是陈述句，且连接词只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分，也不翻译出意思时，用that连接（在口语或非正式文体中常省去）。
She says: “I want to join you.”她说她想加入我们。
She says (that) she wants to join us.
宾语从句三要素
一、连接词
2. whether/if
宾语从句（引语）是一个一般疑问句时，用whether/if“是否”连接，whether/if表示“是否”之意。
Mike wonders: “Will my father take me to the park？”迈克想知道他爸爸是否会带他去公园。
Mike wonders whether/if his father will take him to the park.
宾语从句三要素
一、连接词
3. 特殊疑问词
宾语从句（引语）是一个特殊疑问句时，用特殊疑问词连接。what、who、which、whose、when、where、why、how、how many、how old、how long等。
Tom asks me: “When can we get there？”
Tom问我：“我们什么时候能到那里？”
Tom asks me when we can get there.
宾语从句三要素
练一练：选择合适的连接词完成下面的句子。
(whether、that、how many、what）
I know ________ this is a book.
She wants to know ________ it will rain tomorrow.
They wonder _______ we should do next.
The girls asks ________ books you have.
that
whether
what
how many
宾语从句三要素
二、语序
陈述句结构叫陈述语序
This is a clothes shop. 这是一家服装店。
疑问句结构叫疑问语序
Is this a clothes shop 这是一家服装店吗？
宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序即“连接词+主谓宾/主系表”结构。
宾语从句三要素
将下列句子改为陈述句语序。
1. Is there a river beside your school
2. Will they go to the zoo soon
3. Are they doing homework now
4. Where does he live
There is a river beside your school.
They will go to the zoo soon.
They are doing homework now.
选择下面的句子与上面的句子构成宾语从句。
I know…
She wants to know…
Where he lives
宾语从句三要素
三、时态
当主句是现在时，宾语从句根据自身的需要选择时态；
填一填。
he ____________ (be) a worker three months ago.
he _____________(be) an English teacher now.
I hear that he ____________ (draw) a picture now.
he ____________ (be) in the town for two years.
he ____________ (go) to the cinema in two hours.
he _____________ (do) his homework this time yesterday.
was
is
is drawing
has been
will go
was doing
宾语从句三要素
当主句是过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时；
若宾语从句是科学真理、格言或客观事实等，从句用一般现在时。
将下列句子变为宾语从句。
He will go to the museum tomorrow.
He is ill.
He is reading a book.
He has finished the work.
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
he ____________ to the museum the next day.
he ____________ ill.
He said he ____________ a book.
he ____________ the work.
the sun ____________ in the east and __________ in the west.
would go
was
was reading
had finished
rises
sets
宾语从句三要素
口诀：主现从随意，主过从过去，真理永一现。
主句时态 从句时态
连接前 连接后
一般现在时 时态保持不变
一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时
一般过去时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
宾语从句思维导图
宾语从句
1. 连接词
2. 陈述句语序
3. 时态
1. that（陈述句）
2. whether/if（一般疑问句）
3. 特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句）
连接词+主谓（宾）或主系表结构
主句是一般现在时
从句时态不受主句限制
主句是一般过去时
一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
客观真理，自然现象，名言警句等时态不变。
宾语从句练习
-I would like to visit Jenny this afternoon. Do you know ____
-Sorry, I don't know her address, either.
A. why she lives B. who she lives with
C. where she lives D. how she lives
2. - Could you tell me ____ I must find him.
- Sorry. I have no idea. But he was here just now.
A. where Tom was B. where Tom has gone
C. where can I find Tom D. where Tom has been
C
B
宾语从句练习
3. -Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you.
-Thanks. I wondered ____.
A. who was the letter from B. who was from the letter
C. who the letter is from D. who the letter was from
D
4. Peter knew ____.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year
D. when will they leave for Paris
B
宾语从句练习
5. -I want to know ____ on WeChat (微信) every day.
-About half an hour.
A. how long do you spend B. how long you spend
C. how soon do you spend D. how soon you spend
6. -David asked ____ in China.
-Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting.
A. why he can greet a lady by kissing her
B. Why he could greet a lady by kissing her
C. Whether he can greet a lady by kissing her
D. Whether he could greet a lady by kissing her
B
D
宾语从句练习
按要求完成句子，每空一词。
1. “Will the exhibition be held in Shanghai Olivia asked her secretary. (改为间接引语)
Olivia asked her secretary ________ the exhibition ________ be held in Shanghai.
whether/if would
宾语从句练习
按要求完成句子，每空一词。
1. -Why does Jim send flowers to Ms Grey every September he wondered. (改为宾语从句)
He wondered ________ Jim ________ flowers to Ms Grey every September.
why sent
宾语从句特殊情况
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，有些特殊情况只用whether。
1. 介词后面的宾语从句一般只用whether引导。
I am not interested in whether you are right. 我对你是否正确不感兴趣。
2. 引导宾语从句，句子置于句首，表示强调时，只用whether。
Whether they are interested in this project, I don’t know. 他们是否对这个项目感兴趣，我不知道。
宾语从句特殊情况
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，有些特殊情况只用whether。
3. 当宾语从句变为简单句时，与不定式连用，用whether，不用if。
I really don’t know when to start. 我真的不知道什么时候开始。
4. 直接与or not连用时，用whether，不用if。
They wonder whether or not it will rain this afternoon. 他们想知道今天下午是否会下雨。
宾语从句特殊情况
语序的特别句型。
what is the matter/problem/trouble with…、what is wrong with…和what happened这几个句子中，what都是句子的主语，所以在从句中不需要变语序。
Tom wants to know what’s the matter with his father.
Tom想知道他父亲发生了什么事。
2. who在从句中作主语时，语序也不需要变。
They are guessing who is singing in the next room.
他们正在猜测谁在隔壁房间唱歌。
宾语从句特殊情况
特殊考点。
宾语从句变简单句
宾语从句转换为简单句时，可用“连接词+不定式to do”结构替换。
They have decided when they will get up tomorrow. 他们已经决定了明天什么时候起床.
They have decided when to get up tomorrow.
宾语从句特殊情况
特殊考点。
2. 否定转移
当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语为think、believe（相信）、guess等时，其后的宾语从句的否定形式应转移到主句上。（翻译时，需将否定后移）
I don’t think he can run faster than his brother.
我认为他没他哥哥跑的快。
宾语从句特殊情况
特殊考点。
3. 反意疑问句
含从句的反意疑问句，附加问句一般根据主句进行变换。
The little boy is afraid that his parents will leave, isn’t he
那个小男孩害怕他的父母会离开，是吗？
对于否定转移的主从复合句，反意疑问句中的附加问句根据从句进行变换，且要把否定移回到从句上。
I don’t think she can ride a horse, can she
我认为她不会骑马，是吗？