2022年牛津译林版英语江苏常州中考综合填空练习二 （含答案）

2021-2022学年牛津译林版江苏常州中考综合填空练习二
（一）
Whether it is for a special festival, to express thanks or to just let someone know that you care about them, giving gifts is a custom around the world. The purpose of giving gifts may be similar, (1) __________ the tradition is different from country to country. A gift of respect in one place may not be considered polite in another. Take a look at three special gift-giving (2) _________ (tradition).
India If you're invited to someone's home in India, you should bring a small gift, whether it's a box of chocolates (3) _________ some flowers. Gifts shouldn't be wrapped(包装) in black or white colors. because both of them are (4) _________ (luck) colours there. Instead, use bright colours such as green, red or yellow. When giving money, it should have an odd number(奇数) value. Indian people believe this will bring them good luck. Instead of receiving a gift with both hands, (5) ___________ (India) generally only use their right hand because (6) __________ hands are considered unclean.
Japan. For most Japanese, the ritual(礼节) of giving presents is more important than the gifts (7) __________ (they). The correct way is to present or receive gifts with both hands. Every gift should be wrapped. That's because un-covered gifts are considered disrespectful. (48) _________ (show) politeness and thanks, those who are receiving the gift may refuse it once or twice before finally (9) __________ (accept) it. Gifts shouldn't be given in odd numbers, but four should (10) __________ (avoid) just like in China. Lucky numbers also include eight. Eight is said to bring prosperity (兴旺).
（二）
The QR code(二维码) is of great importance to our lives, But have you ever wondered who (1) _________ (invent) the OR code
In the 1960s, supermarkets began to appear in Japan. Cashiers(收营员) had to put the price of each (2) __________ (produce) in the computer (3) __________ hand. It was really hard work.
Later, the barcode(条形码) came out and worked out the problem. Users can do their work much more (4) _________ (easy), but there was a new problem: the barcode could just hold a little information.
So many developers started to improve the barcode. Masahiro Hara was one of them. He thought, "With the barcode, information is coded(为……编码) in one direction only. With 2D codes, information can be coded in two directions: (5) ___________ (cross) and up/down." So Hara set out to develop a new 2D code (6) __________ (hold) a large amount of information. To make it (7) __________ (read) as fast as possible, he made the code black and white, and square.
In 1994, Hara's QR code came (8) ___________. The QR means quick response(反应). It was soon used by a car company and later in the food industry. It was such a (9) __________ (succeed) that Hara could use it to get enough money, but he didn't. He made it public so that everyone could use it for free. "The more people use it, the more new ways of using it there will be. I think this is (10) __________ the OR code was born." Hara says.
（三）
More than 6 million delivery workers can be seen on nearly every street in many Chinese cities. However, the job is becoming more (1) ___________ (danger).
An article in the Chinese magazine Food Deliverymen: Stuck in the System, shows just (2) __________ difficult the job can be. It (3) _________ (describe) the physical and mental pressure that delivery workers face because of time limits set by food delivery apps. Delivering an order late, even by one second, results in a fine.
The time limit (4) ___________ (increase) the risk of traffic accidents. According to a 2017 report, a serious injury or (5) __________ (die) involving (涉及) a delivery worker happens every 2.5 days in Shanghai. In September 2018, over half of all traffic violations in Guangzhou involved delivery workers.
According to the article, the time limit for each order is set by an algorithm(算法). If an order (6) __________ (finish) within the time limit, the limit will be shortened for every delivery worker. But the algorithm doesn't consider real-life situations, such as red lights and speed limits. In reply (7) __________ the article, food delivery company Eleme said it will add a new feature to its delivery app. Customers will be given the (8) __________ (choose) to click a button that says "I'm willing to wait (9) __________(long)" in order to give delivery workers more time.
However, this change hasn't pleased everyone. "What if these platforms force riders (10) __________ (take) more orders if I click the button " said Sun Run, a 15-year-old student from Hangzhou. "The apps should change the algorithms that set the time limit instead."
（四）
Do you use emojis on your smart phone One of the nice things about emojis is that people (1) __________ all over the world can understand them. But I have (2) __________ (recent) learned that some emojis means differently in China.
Take the basic smiley face emoji as an example. At first, I (3) ____________ (think) it was just a normal, friendly smile. But (4) ___________, I found out that it can mean that someone is considering himself superior(优越) to you or even (5) __________ (laugh) at you. I read online that although the emoji is smiling, its eyes are looking downward, which makes it look like a fake smile.
Or what about the smiling face with a waving hand It is certain to look friendly enough. But actually, (6) __________ (China) people use this emoji to show that they don't want to talk to someone - the (7) __________ is waving "goodbye", as in "never talk to me again"
In fact, some emojis also have two different (8) __________ (mean) in Western countries. One of my favorite emojis is the "cry-laugh" emoji. At first, it meant "rolling on the floor laughing", or ROFL. But now, the meaning (9) _________ (change). It is often used to describe situations that are so tragic(悲伤的) that you can't help but laugh to make yourself happy again.
It looks like the language of emojis changes over time, just like real language. We should be (10) __________ (care) the way we use them when speaking to others.
（五）
For some (1) __________ (write), autumn is a difficult season to describe. On one hand, it is the end of the summer, and therefore a little sad. American writer Brest Hemingway wrote in his book A Moveable Feast(《流动的盛宴》)：“You expected to be sad in the fall. Part of you died each year when the leaves fell from the (2) _________ and their branches were bare(光秃秃的) against the wind and the cold, wintry light."
(3) _________ the other hand, there are many changes in nature at this time of year, such as the reds and browns that the leaves change to. (4) __________(France) writer Albert Camus wrote: "Autumn is a second spring when every leaf is a flower." In the poem To Autumn, John Keats says that the autumn has its songs, just like spring.
Another autumn theme is wisdom. The arrival of the season (5) _________ (think) to be similar to a person becoming mature(成熟). Their summer peak may (6) ___________ (go), but old age has not yet come. The great Irish poet W. B. Yeats takes up this theme in his poem The Wild Swans at Coole. Yeats puts together a picture for the (7) _________ (read) out of the details of the changing seasons in Coole Park in (8) __________ (west) Ireland. (9) ___________ (see) and counting 59 swans, he remembers the first time he counted them 19 years (10) __________.
（六）
A new emoji (1) __________ (get) popular among both Chinese and Western WeChat users - but for different reasons.
The "666" emoji recently came out on WeChat. It shows a smirking face that holds up the Chinese hand sign for "G" with the number "666" (2) __________ (show) next to it.
Most Chinese people know that this emoji (3) __________ (suppose) to have a positive meaning. After all, the Chinese character for "six" is pronounced the (4) __________ way as liu, just as it shows in the sentence "things are going (5) __________ (smooth)". There's also the proverb liuliu dashun. It is used to give good wishes to one's friends or relatives.
But in some Western countries, "666" has a very (6) __________ meaning - a religious one. It is said to be the "Mark of the Beast", a symbol that the devil(恶魔) forces people to wear in order to show their loyalty(忠诚) to (7) _________(he).
That's (8) _________ some people consider this number to be a symbol of darkness and rebellion. It is especially popular among heavy metal bands and their fans. But we all know that the devil isn't real. No one really takes it (9) __________ (serious) in modern times.
As a heavy metal fan who is also interested in Chinese culture, I like the new emoji for many reasons. I can send it to either my Chinese or Western friends and get different reactions. This makes it flexible and fun to use. Just don't be (10) ________ (surprise) if you get a strange reaction from a Westerner if you send it to them!
（七）
Many countries are dealing with food waste. (1) _________ are they doing to stop it
China has been promoting a nationwide campaign (2) _________ (call) "Clear Your Plate" since 2013. This year, some restaurants are encouraging people to order food (3) __________ (use) the formula(公式) "N-1". "N' stands (4) _________ the number of diners at a table. If there are 6 people at your table, you only order 5 dishes.
In 2016, France passed a law that bans(禁止) grocery stores (5) __________ throwing away unsold food. If it's still safe to eat, the food must (6) ___________ (donate) to charity; if not, it goes to farmers for special uses as animal food.
In 2019, the US said it encourages food companies to use the phrase "best if used by" for date labeling(日期标注). This helps shoppers have a (7) _________ (good) idea of that they don't need to throw food out after the printed date goes beyond if the food is stored (8) ________ (correct).
In Japan, there are many food (9) _________ (bank). People and grocery stores can donate extra food to them and they will provide the food to the people who need it.
In 2016, South Korea started to charge people fees(收费) for throwing away food. There are scales on rubbish (10) __________ (bin) that are used to weigh the food. One ton of food waste costs 1.5 million won (8,700 yuan).
（八）
Scientists have long been looking for life in outer space. They recently found something exciting on Venus, the planet closest to (1) _________(we).
British scientists have discovered phosphine gas in Venus' atmosphere(大气层里的磷化氢). Phosphine is a promising sign of life. On Earth, phosphine (2) _________ (produce) when organic(有机物) matter breaks down. The same thing could be happening on Venus. Still, scientists need to send a probe to Venus to see (3) _________ there is life there.
In fact, humans (4) _________ (not pay) enough attention to Venus in the search for life because of its high temperatures and atmospheric pressure. Venus is hotter than any other planet in the solar system - its surface temperature is 470°C, which is hot enough to melt spacecraft. The pressure there is 92 times greater than Earth's. Even if humans could bear the (5) _________ (hot), they would be crushed by the pressure.
However, there is (6) _________ (possible) that there could be life in the planet's atmosphere. Temperatures there are about -1 to 93°C, which is far more suitable for life. The pressure there is similar to (7) _________ of Earth as well. The phosphine was found in Venus' (8) _________(cloud) atmosphere - around 60 km above its surface.
Phosphine is known as (9) _________ indirect sign of life. So are gases like methane and ozone(甲烷和臭氧). Scientists focus on such signs when they look for life outside of Earth. These gases can exist in the atmospheres of planets for a long time, (10) ___________ (allow) scientists to find them with the help of telescopes and probes. However, it is liquid water that is considered to be the most important sign of life.
（一）but; traditions; or; unlucky; Indians; left; themselves; To show; accepting; be avoided
（二）invented; product; by; easily; across; holding; be read; out; success; why
（三）dangerous; how; describes; has increased; death; is finished; to; choice; longer; to take
（四）from; recently; thought; later; laughing; Chinese; hand; meanings; has changed; careful
（五）writers; trees; On; French; is thought; have gone; reader; western; Seeing; ago
（六）is getting; shown; is supposed; same; smoothly; different; him; why; seriously; surprised
（七）What; called; using; for; from; be donated; better; correctly; banks; bins
（八）ours; is produced; whether/if; haven't paid; heat; possibility; that; cloudy; an; allowing