2022年中考英语数词讲解及练习 （含答案）

数词讲解及练习
数词表示数目或者顺序， 可分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。
一．基数词的构成
1．1～12独立成词：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve。
2．13—19的基数词以-teen结尾。注意thirteen，fifteen，eighteen的拼写。
3．表示整“十”的基数词：20～90的基数词都以ty结尾。其中特别要注意twenty，thirty，forty，fifty，ninety的正确写法。
4．21～99的写法是：十位数加个位数，中间用连字符号“”连接。
5．101～999的构成是：百位数与十位数之间用and连接 。
6． hundred，thousand，million，billion等词在表示确定数目的时候，直接在前面加基数词；表示不确定数目时，要在它们后面加s，其后还要加of。
二．序数词的构成
1.序数词多数是由“基数词＋th”构成。
2.以y结尾的整十的数词，先将y改为i，再加eth。如：fifty→fiftieth，seventy→seventieth等。
3. 21以上的非整十的数词，将末位数(即个位数)改为序数词，其他的位数仍用基数词。
4.以下的这些基数词变为序数词时， 有特别之处。
注意： 序数词前常用定冠词， 有时还可以用不定冠词 a/an 则表示 “又一 ”的意思。
三．数词的应用
1．时刻的表示：小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。
①“几点钟”用基数词加o'clock。o'clock可省略。
②“几点过几分 ”，≤30分钟”用介词past。
③“差几分几点”用介词“to”。
④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化，直接按基数词的顺序读。
2．年月日的表示：
年份用基数词，如：1999年—nineteen ninety-nine； 1900年—nineteen hundred；
2000—two thousand；1905—nineteen o five；
年用基数词，日用序数词。
3. 世纪、年代表示法：
（在）90年代 (in) the nineth
（在）19世纪 (in) the nineteenth century
（在）18世纪30年代 (in) 1730s或1730’s
4．编号的表示：
Lesson One ＝the first lesson第一课；
Bus No．3＝the No．3bus 3路公共汽车；
表示住所时不用“No．”如：302房间—Room 302
如果编号的数词比较长，一般用基数词。如：Page 457第457页；
电话号码，用基数词
5．分数的表达：
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于“1”，分母则加“s”。
另外：1／2 a（one）half; 1／4one fourth或a（one）quarter;3／4threefourths或three quarters。
half a second; a quarter of a second四分之一秒
6. 表示有小数的词用基数词。 如：5.5 five point five 　　　　
7．表示百分数 如：5℅：five percent (per cent)
8.其他用法：
1）基数词＋单数名词＋形容词构成合成形容词。如：一个五岁的男孩an eight-year-old boy；
2）具体数词＋metre（s）／kilometre（s）／kilo（s）long／high／tall／deep／away等。
3）“几十”的基数词复数形式可用来表示某人约几十岁,如：In his sixties
4）倍数的表达：(一倍用once，两倍用 twice，两倍以上用基数词＋times)。
练习
( )1．There are about___ different kinds of animals in this zoo.
A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of
( )2．Helen loves reading.She has read ___books this month.
A．five B．fifth C．five of D．fifth of
( )3．Yesterday was his___ birthday.He enjoyed himself.
A．twelfth B．twelveC．the twelfth D．twelveth
( )4．—How many friends will come to your___ birthday party —About ___.
A．fifteen；fifteen B．fifteenth；fifteenth
C．fifteen；fifteenth D．fifteenth；fifteen
( )5．It is reported that nearly ___ kids joined the club last year.
A．two hundred B．two hundreds
C．two hundred of D．two hundreds of
( )6．A ___ woman was saved from the ship on June 2nd，2015.
A．65 year old B．65yearolds C．65yearold D．65yearsold
( )7．It is said that ____ of the water all over the world ___ polluted.
A．two three；is B．two thirds；is
C．two three；are D．two thirds；are
( )8. A quarter to four is ________.
A．3：15　　　B．3：45　　　C．4：15
( )9. Which room does Lin Tao live in？ —________.
A．308 Room B．Room 308
C．The Room 308 D．The 308 Room
( )10. Please turn to Page ________ and read the ________ story.
A．Ten；two B．Ten；second
C．Tenth；second D．Tenth；two
( ) 11. This is a small class, and ______ of the students are boys.
A. two third B. second three C. two thirds D. two three
( ) 12. The population of China is about ________.
A. 13 million B. 130 million C. 1.34 billion D. 13.4 billion
( ) 13. Please open your books at page 5 and we are going to learn the _______lesson.
A. two B. three C. fifth D. six
( ) 14. _______ boys took part in the Happy Boy Competition.
A. One million of B. Three millions
C. Millions of D. Thousands and millions
( ) 15. During the Seven-day National Day holiday, ________ families went outing.
A. thousand B. thousands of C. thousands D. thousands and thousands
( ) 16. In our school, _______ of the students are girls.
A. three fifths B. three fifth C. third five D. third fifths
( ) 17. —What time is it now —It’s _______.
A. nine forty-five B. forty-five past nine
C. fifty-five to nine D. three quarters to ten
( ) 18. --Do you know about that boy over there –I only know that he is ______.
A. a fifteen-years-old boy B. sixteen years olds
C. seventeen-year-old boy D. an eighteen-year-old boy
( ) 19. There are _______ days in a year.
A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. the third hundred sixty-five D. third hundredth and sixty-five
( ) 20. The shirt was very expensive. I spent five _______ yuan on it.
A. hundreds B.hundred C. hundreds of D. hundred of
( ) 21. Can you write a _______ article about your school life
A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundred-words
C. two-hundreds-word D. two-hundreds-words
( ) 22. —Which floor do you live on
--The ___ floor, and my room number is ___.
A. ninth; nine zero two B. sixth; six zero second
C. five; five zero second D. five; five zero two
( ) 23.In our city people have bought new cars.
A. thousand B. thousands
C. thousands of D. many thousand
( ) 24.Boys and girls, please turn to page ____and look at the ____ picture in Lesson Five.
A. twentieth, two B. twenty, two
C. twentieth, second D. twenty, second
( ) 25.My three bikes are all broken. I want to buy a _______ one.
A. three B. third C. fourth D. four
( ) 26. About _______ of the students in our class are from the countryside.
A. three-fifths B. four-fifth C. two-fives D. fourths-five
( ) 27. The new computer cost me _________ my old one.
A. three times as many as B. three times much than
C. three times as much as D. as much as three times
( ) 28. 20125520 can be read _________.
A. two million one hundred twenty-five thousand five hundred and twenty
B. twenty million one hundred and twenty-five thousand five hundred and twenty
C. two billion one million twenty-five thousand five hundred and twenty
D. two thousand million one hundred thousand and five hundred and twenty
( ) 29. My friend Dale is in ________.
A. One Class, Grade Nine B. class two, grade eight
C. Class Four, Grade Nine D. Grade 9, Class 3
( ) 30. He is the _____one to pass the finishing line.
A. one B. first B. two C. three
( ) 31. --When were you born
– I was born ______.
A. on April 1st, 1978 B. in May 1st, 1979
C. in 1980, June 3rd D. on July, 1981
( ) 32. The weight of the moon is only about _______of the earth.
A. one eight　　 B. first eight　　C. one eighties　　D. one eightieth
( ) 33. -Who is the _______ president in the USA --It’s George Washington.
A. one B. two C. first D. second
( ) 34. Gone with the Wind is a very good novel. I have read it and I decide to read it __.
A. the second time　 B. a second time　　C. two time　 D. two times
( ) 35.The Olympic Games is held every _____ years.
A. three B. four C. third D. fourth
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