2022年中考英语完形填空专项练习 （含答案）

【考点透视】中考完形填空
完形填空题实际上是恢复原貌式的阅读理解题，各种短文结构严谨，段落清楚，而且首句一般不挖空，便于学生依据首句提示进行整体理解。解答完形填空题要求学生具备快速阅读的各种能力和技巧，如视读、跳读、查读、猜词等。
侧重基础知识，考查语言知识的掌握能力
完形填空题以文入手，结合文章内容考查基础语言知识，主要是考查学生词语搭配，近义词辩异，正确辨析句子结构，掌握语法规则的能力。
【例1】
His friend ______ the engine(发动机) and the plane began to move.
A. began B. carried C. moved D. started
此题主要考查学生辨析四个动词的用法。从句子分析可看出B、C明显不对，他的朋友不可能“搬运、移动”发动机。此题实际上是考查学生辨析began和started的用法，这两个动词作“开始”解是同义词，但只有start可表示“发动、开动”的意思。D是正确答案。
【例2】
He and saw a noisy square (广场) not far from here.
A. looked for B. looked after C. looked at D. looked around
此题主要辨析由look构成的四个短语，A、B、C三个选项中looked后的词均为介词，而介词后无宾语，所以是错的。around是副词，所以D为正确答案。
【例3】
Mr Green ______ his children that Father Christmas is a very kind–hearted man.
A. asks B. talks C. tells D. says
辨析四个意义相似的动词。Ask意为“问”，其后的宾语从句应该有whether或if。talks是不及物动词。say后跟某事，不跟表示“人”的宾语。tell的句式是否tell somebody something，所以C是正确答案。
【例4】
John sent for a doctor because his wife was ill. He called the doctor and made sure they _____ neat at five.
A. should B. shall C. would D. will
此题考查情态动词以及时态。分析此句中可看出，要用过去时，所以B、D可排除。Make sure后是宾语从句，宾语从句的动作meet没发生，要用过去将来时，所以要选C。
上下对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力
完形填空题设计时，有时单看一句是得不出正确答案的，需要阅读下句、甚至若干句后才有“茅赛顿开”之感。上下对照，即在上文或下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。学生在答题中要有边读边在大脑中储存上下信息的能力，捕捉关键词。
【例1】
First they wash their ______ hands in a bowl of water—they only eat with right hands.
A. dirty B. right C. left D. big
此题四个形容词填入空格语法都正确，但阅读下句可发现right一词与选项B一词相对照，根据句意应该选B。
【例2】
I really do make a living by _____ ,and a good one ,too. I can laugh like a king or like a school bay.
A. laughing B. writing C. speaking D. working
此题下文第二句中的laugh与正确答案A相对应，而且laugh是该篇完形填空的关键词，所以A为正确答案。
【例3】
Mr Baker loved planting _____ . The week before last, he bought a few trees home..
A. flowers B. grass C. vegetables D. trees
此题下文说明了Mr Baker买了几棵树回家；上下对照，可看出是“种树”，trees和trees上下对应，所以D是正确答案。在解题中，往往断章取义，总想急于求成，就句论句，就题论题，“一步到位”。学生未通读全文就边读边填，无法形成连贯的思路，“见木不见林，达不到上下对照，导致出错。实际上学生在解题中应满怀信心，全神贯注，集中目光，越过空格，注重把握文章的整体内容，注意关键词。开始阅读可能会有模糊的感觉，类此“钻出洞”之感，但越往下读，文意会逐渐显露，读完全文心里住往会有“豁然开朗”的感觉。
设置语境，考查分析推理能力
完形填空题中，有时答题无上下对照的关键词作参考，而是考查分析前后语境去推理出正确答案。在这种试题中，四个选项填入句中语法、句子结构都正确，但分析前后语境，只有一个正确答案。
【例1】
So one day when a friend came to his house and offered to take him for a ride in his own small plane, Mr. Lee was very ______.
A. excited B. grateful C. worried D. glad
从此句看，无法作出正确的选择，四个形容词都可表示Mr. Lee的心情。但阅读下文逐步可看到”I am really afraid that there might be some danger.”这一句，这说明Mr. Lee害怕坐飞机，C为正确答案。
【例2】
It s a beautiful place. I was always very _____ there.
A. busy B .interested C. healthy D. happy
此题四个选项都是形容词，都可作主语“I”的表语。如要选择正确答案，要分析语境。此句前面提供了一个语境，即“这是一个美丽的地方”，言外之意是旅游的好去处，所以去那儿会开心的，因此要选happy。
【例3】
The father wolf got food for the mother. The young wolf _____ the children. They were a nice, happy family!
A. shouted at B. looked into C. laughed at D. played with
此题四个选项是四个动词短语，四个选项放入句中语法都正确，但前后语境分析只有D正确。前后分析，可看出wolf家庭是幸福的大家庭，年轻的wolf应常常带children玩耍，而不应该对孩子“大喊大叫”、“询问调查”和“嘲笑挖苦”。因此要选D。
结合生活，考查学生利用常识解题的能力
完形填空题中，有时命题者在完形填空题中考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否能善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做出恰当的选择。这类题的设计，四个选项放入句中语法、句子结构都正确，而且不一定需要上下联系，而是依据常识解答。
【例1】
When someone asks me what business I am in ,my face feels _____.
A. warm B. cool C. hot D. cold
该篇完形填空题的短文，描写一个在夜总会为歌舞助兴提供笑声的人。当人问他从事什么工作时，他总难以启齿，他脸部总有一种“感觉”。按常识，人感到害羞，不好意思等，脸就“发热、发烧、发烫”，或“脸红”，所以C是正确答案。其它答案的形容词都不适合这种脸部的感觉。
【例2】
One afternoon just before Christmas an old man was walking through the city center. The shops were all filled with good things and crowded with _____ shoppers.
A. angry B. cheerful C. sad D. surprised
圣诞节前夕，商店物品丰富，购物者为节日选购商品，按常识这些shoppers应带着节日的喜悦心情，应选cheerful。
【例3】
Children in the U.S. will _____ their parents’ home when they grow up.
A. leave B. reach C. love D. hate
人们常说美国的年轻人独立性强，不依靠父母生活。当孩子长大后，他们通常离开家，自找工作，这是大家都知道的美国人的生活方式，是常识。该题A为正确答案。
关注连词，考查对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力
从近几年中考英语完形填空题的分析来看，命题者有时就有关连词进
行挖空，以此来考查学生通过阅读能否理解句与句之间的关联关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等连词的用法。
【例1】
They are served in bowls which everyone shares(共享), ______ each person has their own bowl.
A. because B. though C. since D. until
此篇完形填空谈到泰国饮食文化。前句意为“泰国人在共用的碗中就餐”，而后句意为“他们每人都有自己的碗”。前后分析可看出，后句是前句的转折，所以B为正确答案。
【例2】
Parents now spend more time in the office, _____ they don’t have much time to stay with their children.
A .because B. if C. but D. so
该题考查了四个连词，确定哪一个是正确答案，要分析句与句之间的关系。从前后分析来看，因父母把很多的时间花在办公室，所以他们与孩子相处的时间就少了，此句是因果关系，D为正确答案。
【例3】
The shops are bigger in London than in Moscow, _____ it’s very dear to enjoy yourself in London.
A. Then B. So C. Or D. But
前后句子分析，它们并非是时间先后，并非因果关系，并非两者选择。伦敦商店大而豪华，但是呆在伦敦花费是很大的，前后应该是转折关系，D是正确答案。
完形填空(共15分,每小题1分)
　　阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
　　 Kate wants to be a nurse and 1 for sick people. She knows they need her help. When Kate goes to the hospital, she always sees many 2 there.
　　 Last summer, Kate broke her leg. The pain was very great and she could not 3 walk. Her parents 4 her to the hospital 5 and she 6 stay there for about two weeks. One day a nurse came to Kate’s bed and said with 7 . “You’ll be 8 soon. You can walk again, so don’t think only about bad things. Try to be 9 !” The nurse was very kind and they became friends.
　　 After Kate left the hospital, she thought 10 of the kind nurse. She now understands that the nurse job 11 very important, 12 the nurse can often give hope to 13 people.
　　 Kate is now thinking about her 14 future. She often talks with her parents about it. Kate knows what she should do 15 a good nurse, and she is studying very hard at school.
　　( )1. A. work B. worker C. working D. worked
　　( )2. A. girls B. students C. workers D. patients
　　( )3. A. still B. yet C. even D. ever
　　( )4. A. made B. took C. brought D. let
　　( )5. A. with car B. by a car C. by car D. in car
　　( )6. A. must B. had to C. need D. could
　　( )7. A. a smile B. smiling C. smile D. smiles
　　( )8. A. good B. nice C. free D. better
　　( )9. A. pleasure B. sad C. happy D. happily
　　( )10. A. lot B. a lot C. lots D. a little
　　( )11. A. be B. are C. am D. is
　　( )12. A. because B. if C. but D. when
　　( )13. A. young B. old C. sick D. poor
　　( )14. A. self B. self’s C. own’s D. own
　　( )15. A. to be B. be C. being D. to being
Key:
1-5 ADCBC 6-10 BADCB 11-15 DACDA
在完形填空中,为使学生更易于理解文章内容,首句不设空.首句往往是主题句,也有主题句放在文中和文后的.把握主题句,就容易把握文章的中心.
(二)实例分析
1. 考查英语固定搭配,习惯用语的运用.此时,考生不需对句意有太多的理解,一眼就能锁定答案.如:
She 38__ the radio and sang songs while she was driving.
38. A. turned on B. turned over C. turned off D. turned down
根据这句的句意:她一边开车一边打开收音机(跟着)唱歌,很容易就能选出turn on(打开),故答案为C.又如:
He 43 (killed three people) at Atlanta courthouse on March 11. The police were 44 him.
A. waiting for B. thinking of C. looking at D. searching for
结合前后两句意义,他既然杀了三个人,那说明警察一定是在搜捕他,所以用searching for就符合题意,故选D.
2. 考查对文段语境的理解能力.考生必须通过语境作出判断,一般要看懂一两句话作情景铺垫.例如:
His coughing stopped my thinking. What was left to say How could I say 53 to the person who taught me everything
53. A. goodbye B. hello C. yes D. sorry
如果仅从短语搭配上看,这四个选项都可以与say … to sb. 构成短语,这就要求考生结合这篇文章的意思和上下文逻辑关系来判断选A项.整篇文章都在叙述他对哥哥的依赖之情,他舍不得哥哥离开他,所以他怎么能跟哥哥说出"再见"这个词.又如:
The next morning I 54 (woke up), looked at my alarm clock, and realized he had left 55 ago. We never even said goodbye.
55. A. minutes B. hours C. days D. weeks
文章开头哥哥就说了他明天离开,到第二天早上我醒来,意识到哥哥走了,这期间只能用小时计算,所以B项最符合语境需要.
3.考查对文章内容进行逻辑分析,推理判断的能力.要求考生能理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义.例如:
It was almost 9:00p.m. when Mia Janson left her office to go home. It was 36 . She started her car and she 37(drove) down the dark road that led to her house in the country. She 38 (turned on)__ the radio and sang songs while she was driving. The heater wasn't working, …
36. A. raining B. cool C. snowing D. late
单从前一句不易判断正确选项,但是通过分析后一句,暖气机不能工作了,推理出那天的天气是下雪的,故选C项.又如:
The latest attraction is a big 51 tunnel(隧道) you can through. All around you ,you will see fish swimming –sometimes even over your head.
A. metal B. wood C. glass D. stone
根据文章信息可知,最新的景点是一个大的玻璃隧道,因为后面一句说在你的周围,你能看见鱼儿在游泳,而其它三个选项我们无法看到周围的东西的,故选C项.
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