Unit10 I've had this bike for three years 完形填空的解题方法和技巧（课件）（19张PPT）

(共19张PPT)
完形填空的解题
方法和技巧
完形填空的解题方法和技巧
尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容和语言习惯、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间、从语法到意义的合理搭配。
　　原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都有暗示即clues, 有的在本句中，有的在前，称为前提示，有的在后，称为后暗示,有的暗含于语篇中。
要充分利用首句的
标示作用
第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息（when,where,who,what,how…)
要注意尾句的提示和总结作用
故事的结局
问题的结论
幽默或富有哲理的结尾
留意文章中有中文注释的词
有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。
完形填空的解题方法和技巧
Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文
完形填空的解题方法和技巧
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，
has too many activities．
His father 1 him away from school four afternoons
a week and drives him across town to practice．“
I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，
and I have to do the rest when I get home．
I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they
have too many activities to do.”
said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．
“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they
felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them
said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing
problem forChinese families.” said Mr. Wang．
It is not good for both kids and their parents.
More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast
food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.
We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.
If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult
to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax.
Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.
完形填空
共205词
推荐做题时间
10分钟
撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：
（1）XiaoQiang 是个12岁中国男孩。
（2）他有许多活动。
（3）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题 。
（4）孩子们需要时间休息。
可以推测：
这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题
第三段首句：
“Over-scheduling
(过量的课程安排) is a growing problem
for Chinese families.”
首句:
Xiao Qiang，
a l 2-year-old
Chinese boy，
has too many
activities．
中文注释：
an expert (专家)
尾句：
Kids need time
to relax. Parents
should 10 about
what is right
for kids.
完形填空的解题方法和技巧
Step 2 通读全文, 把握脉络
通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。
本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的after school activities 的问题，专家呼吁Kids need time to relax.
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many
activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons
a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my
2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the
rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He
said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too
many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child
development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5
most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they
wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for
Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids
and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast
food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all
know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t
learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get
9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is
right for kids.
跳过空格通读短文
Step 3 瞻前顾后，上下求索
本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。
完形填空。 （共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟）
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many
activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons
a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my
2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for
Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.
平行结构
1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken
2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework
3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving
完形填空。 （共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟）
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many
activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons
a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my
2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for
Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.
前提示
后暗示
1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken
2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework
3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving
相同或相似结构
完形填空。 （共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟）
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is
right for kids.
后暗示
平行结构
7. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily
8. A. on B. by C. in D. across
9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better
10. A. hear B. think C. look D. tell
固定搭配
结合句义推测
固定搭配、语境
Step 4 再读文章，核查答案
将所有答案代入空格后，
重新将短文复读一遍，
争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
保留解题痕迹的卷面：
Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities．His father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice．“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get home．I am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said.
“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development．“4l％of the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 75％0f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”
“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. Wang．It is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they don’t learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is
right for kids.
后暗示
平行结构
固定搭配
结合句义推测
固定搭配、语境
前提示
后暗示
平行结构
具体解题步骤
1、抓住首尾，了解短文
2、通读全文，把握脉络
3、瞻前顾后，上下求索
4、再读文章，核查答案
勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。
跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。
前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。
代入答案，再读全文，反复检查 争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。
少于1分钟
约5分钟
约2分钟
约2分钟
完形填空解题技巧口诀
要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。
语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。
重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。
依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。
做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。
按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。
特别提示：
信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通
文中无闲句，句中无闲字
Some years ago, Chinese high school students would show their new schoolbags , new clothes or new pens to their classmates when the new term started . Today, however , all have 1 . If you still come back to school 2 only these things , you are falling out-of-date(过时的) . Students in big cities like to bring the latest high-tech things to school, and feel happy and 3 to show off these things to 4 . Mobile phones, MP3 players , CD players , electronic dictionaries , the list is endless .
Young people think that , living in the 21st century , they must keep up with the 5 . They don't want to fall 6 . Besides, they think 7 they need to keep in touch with their classmates , so they need mobile phones . They also like to 8 the pop music , so they need CD players . They explain that, 9 like electronic dictionaries , these can be 10 in their study , 11 . They think that their parents should understand 12 they want these things .
Foreign students will also bring some latest high-tech things when they 13 to school at the beginning of a new term. 14 , they often use the money which they made by themselves during the holiday to 15 these high-tech things that they want .
( ) 1．A．changed B．come C．joined D．stopped
( ) 2．A．to B．from C．of D．with
( ) 3．A．right B．lucky C．nice D．pleased
( ) 4．A．other B．the other C．others D．the others
( ) 5．A．times B．days C．years D．date
( ) 6．A．down B．off C．behind D．back
( ) 7．A．that B．how C．if D．which
( ) 8．A．hear B．listen to C．read D．play
( ) 9．A．look B．just C．feel D．something
( )10．A．new B．modern C．latest D．useful
( )11．A．also B．too C．either D．then
( )12．A．where B．which C．what D．why
( )13．A．return B．return back C．reach D．arrive
( )14．A．But B．However C．So D．Still
( )15．A．borrow B．buy C．lend D．take
课堂后测
1-5 ADDCA 6-10 CABBD 11-15 BDABB
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