2022年九年级二轮复习专用中考英语动词及动词短语课件（25张PPT）

(共25张PPT)
动词专题
专题概括
在历年的济南市中考中，对动词的考查频率是最高的，主要考查不同类别的动词用法，尤其是对实义动词，系动词，动词短语以及情态动词的考查更为突出。从命题的意图来看，侧重考查动词词义辨析，延续性动词，感官动词，情态动词的不同用法和常见动词短语的辨析。从考查形式上来看，主要有单项选择，选词填空和完成句子等，分值一般在15分左右。
考点一：实义动词
考点二：系动词
考点三：动词短语
考点四：情态动词
考点一：实义动词
实义动词是能独立做谓语的动词，又可称为行为动词，如work，study，run等。
句法作用
及物动词
不及物动词
持续性
延续性动词
非延续性动词
及物动词
及物动词本身意义不完整，需接宾语其意义才完整。常见以下三种结构：
1，动词+宾语。
Tom is reading a book.
动词
宾语
2，动词+宾语+宾补。
We call him Tom.
动词
宾语
宾补
注意:不带to的不定式结构和现在分词结构也可以作宾补。
常见的有以下用法：
make sb do sth
let sb do sth
have sb do sth
see sb do sth
watch sb do sth
hear sb do sth
不带to的不定式作宾补
see sb doing sth
watch sb doing sth
hear sb doing sth
notice sb doing sth
现在分词作宾补
变为被动语态时要把to还原，如：be made to do sth
3，动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。（双宾语）
Tom gives me some old books.
动词
间接宾语
直接宾语
动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。（双宾语）
Tom gives some old books to me.
动词
间接宾语
直接宾语
注意：常见的双宾语的短语还有：
buy sb sth =buy sth for sb ; tell sb sth =tell sth to sb ; teach sb sth = teach sth to sb ;
pass sb sth= pass sth to sb; lend sb sth = lend sth to sb;
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb等.
不及物动词
不及物动词本身意义完整，可单独在句中作谓语。
如：My watch stopped.
不及物动词不可直接跟宾语，需借助介词或副词构成动词短语才能接宾语。如：
Tom is listening to the music.
“listen” 在这里是不及物动词，借助介词to才能接宾语。
注意：有些动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。 如：study.
We must study English well. 及物动词
We must study hard. 不及物动词
延续性动词和非延续性动词
1，延续性动词表示动作是延续的，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
You can keep the book for a week.
I have studied in this school for 3 years.
常见的延续性动词还有：learn 学习, work 工作, stand 站立, lie 躺着, last 持续, walk 走路, have 有, wait 等, watch 看, read 读, sleep 睡觉, live 居住, stay 停留, play 玩耍, teach 教.
2，非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，动作一经发生立即结束，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如 ：
His grandfather died for two days. （错）
His grandfather died two days ago. （对）
常见的非延续性动词还有：borrow, leave, begin/start, finish, open, marry.
注意：非延续性动词可以转变成其延续性动词形式，再与一段时间连用。如：
His grandfather has died for two days. （错）
His grandfather has been dead for two days. （对） die be dead
borrow
keep
buy
have
die
be dead
leave
be away
begin/start
be on
finish
be over
open
be open
marry
be married
--- What do you think of Jason
---He has _______ me with his good sense of humour.
A. impressed B, admired C. reminded D. warned
2. ---I tried to make Alice _______ her mind but I found it difficult.
--- Well, I saw you _____ that when I went past.
A. changed; do B. changes; doing
C. change; to do D. change; doing
3.--- Can you ______ me your dictionary
--- Of course, you can _____ it for two days.
A. borrow; borrow B. borrow ; keep
C. lend; borrow D. lend; keep
考点二：系动词
系动词本身有词义，必须与表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态，性质，特征或身份。后面常接形容词作表语。
1，表示状态或状态变化的系动词：
表状态：be 是，seem似乎, remain保持 , keep保持 , stay 维持
表状态变化：go变成, get变得, become 变得, grow渐渐变得,
turn 变得.
如： Tom is very smart.
He always kept silent at meetings.
As I grew older, I realized friendship was so important.
2.表示感官的系动词：
look看起来, feel摸起来, taste尝起来, smell闻起来, sound听起来.
如： This kind of cloth feels very soft.
Her voice sounds very sweet.
That milk tasted sour.
When spring comes, trees begin to ______ green.
A. sound B. taste C. keep D. turn
2.--- Would you like to try some pizza
--- Yes, please. It _____lovely and _____nice.
A. sounds; see B. hears; turns
C. looks; smells D. sounds; watches
3. ---The fish ______ very good.
--- You will feel better if you try some of them.
A. feels B. sounds C. tastes D. smells
考点三：动词短语
1, 动词+介词。这类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须有宾语，宾语（不管代词还是名词）只能放在介词后面。常见的此类短语有：
think of, think about, pay for, wait for ,hear of/about, hear from, laugh at, ask for, deal with , shout at/to, care for 等
如： If you break the glasses, you should pay for them.
2, 动词+副词。接代词作宾语时，代词必须放在短语中间；当宾语是名词时，放在副词前后均可。常见的此类短语有：
clean up, find out, hand out , give out , look up, take off, use up, turn on/off/up/down, come out, cheer up.
如：He turned on the light. 或 He turned the light on.
When you find some rubbish on the ground, you should pick it up.
3, 动词+副词+介词。宾语只能放在介词后面。常用的此类短语有：keep away from, catch up with, end up with, live up to , get along with , get on with,look up to.
如： We should get on well with our classmates.
4, 动词+名词+介词。宾语只能放在介词之后。常用的此类短语有：take pride in, pay attention to, take part in , take the place of, make friends with.
如：It’s good for us to take part in physical labour.
---Why do you ______Liu Hulan
---Because she is such a great pioneer.
A. look like B. look out C. look at D. look up to
2.--- My mother cooks delicious food every day. I’ve ______ six pounds.
--- I think you should do more exercise.
A. put away B. put off
C. put on D. put up
3. ---Little Jenny looks unhappy today.
--- Don’t worry. A box of chocolates will _____ her ______.
A. give…up B. wake…up C. cheer…up D. pick…up
考点四：情态动词
情态动词表示说话人的情感，态度或语气的动词，在句中不能单独作谓语，只能与其他的动词原形连用构成谓语。情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词用法如下：
---Must I come before 6:30 tomorrow.
---No, you ______. There will be plenty of time.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t
2.--- Look! Is the young lady wearing a blue dress Grace
--- No, it ______ be her. She is picking up my sister at the airport.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. can D. must
3. We should keep quiet in the cinema. We ______ speak loudly.
A. can B. must C. needn’t D. mustn’t
Homework
整理出课本上有关look, put, turn, get, take, give, set, cut 词语的动词短语，并记忆。
记忆单词表中的动词及动词短语。