9B unit1 Life on Mars Grammar 课件
文档属性
| 名称 | 9B unit1 Life on Mars Grammar 课件 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1009.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2013-01-29 11:42:22 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
课件25张PPT。Grammar B and C 9B Unit 1 can, could, may, might都可以用来表示请求或给予许可。但用法上有一些区别.Can you help Simon ask for permission? Can
Could
May
Might father
Mr Hu
Andy
Cousin TonyI borrow …?—Yes / No, you …Exercises:1. —May I go surfing alone this afternoon, Dad?
—No, you ____. It is dangerous.
A. may not B. can’t
C. needn’t D. don’t
1. 选B。 这里是情态动词may 的否定回答。2. —Could you help me carry the heavy box ?
—____.
A. That’s very nice of you.
B. No, you don’t have to.
C. Yes, you can.
D. With pleasure.
2. 选D。3. It is said that the gravity on Mars is only about ____ of the gravity on Earth.
A. three-eighths B. third-eight
C. three-eights D. third-eight
3. 选A。 这里考查的是分数的表达。4. Lin Ling’s mother wanted to know ____.
A. if she studied hard at school
B. how did she study at school
C. what did she study at school
4. 选A。 此处为宾语从句，且从句的语序应
为陈述句语序。 5. Do you want to know ____in the future? A special mirror invented by the French scientists can help you.
A. what you will look like
B. what will you look like
C. how do you look like
D. how you look like
5. 选 A。 这里是宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序，
排除B,C；“看上去怎样”疑问词应该用what，
作为介词like 的宾语，排除D。Lin Ling’s mother wanted to know if she studied hard at school Do you want to know what you will look like in the future? It is said that the gravity on Mars is only about three-eighth of the gravity on Earth 宾 语 从 句一、宾语从句的概念在句中充当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句，可以作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。
eg. We know that Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.三、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）
语 序
时 态二、宾语从句的结构 主句+ 引导词+从句（陈述式语序）that if whether what when where who how等e.g.
I hear (that) _______________________.
He said (that) ______________________.
The teacher told us (that) _______________ ________________. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略around the sunAbout the planet MarsThese planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.
Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.
People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.
We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.
The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.
Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.Which sentence has an object clause?√√√if，whether 引导的宾语从句Ⅰ. if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：
Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater.
米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。
The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain.
渔民想知道天是否会下雨。 Ⅱ. if和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。如：
Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me?
→Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意时态变化：
1. 若主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时，从句用任何所需时态。（主现从各）如：
He wants to know if/whether they had a good journey home.
他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。
2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。（主过从过）如：
Did the train leave? She didn’t know.
→She didn’t know if/whether the train had left. 3 当宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句的时态不受主句的时态的影响，仍然用一般现在时。
eg He said the moon moves around the earth.The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
Tom says that they ______________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
I hear they ______________ (return) it already.
He said that they ___________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
He asked what they _____________ at eight last night. (do)
The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. (travel)
I think you ____________ about the murder now. (talk) will be goes were playing have returned had been travels are talking were doingⅢ. if和whether的区别。
二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：
1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如：
Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
这是否对，我不能说。
2. 宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用whether， 不能用if。如：
I don’t know whether or not he will come
tomorrow.
我不知道他明天是否要来。3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：
She can’t decide whether to go to America.
她不能决定是否去美国。
4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：
I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
我担心是否伤了她的感情。5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：
Tom wants know if he won’t come here tomorrow.
汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。
6. if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：
If Simon comes here tomorrow, I’ll call you.
假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1. Uncle Wang came up to see _________ there was anything wrong with the machine.
2. The shop keeper asked my father ________ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.Complete the sentences with “if / whether”.If / whetherwhether3. I don’t know __________ to go or stay?
4. ________ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. ________ they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. Whether that不能省略的几种情况
在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。1. 从句的主语是that。如：
He says that that is a real king’s hat.
他说那是一个真的王冠。
2. that从句中含有主从复合句。如：
I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.
3. 主从句之间有插入语时。如：
It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.
卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。
4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：
She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son.
她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。THANK YOU !
GOODBYE !
Could
May
Might father
Mr Hu
Andy
Cousin TonyI borrow …?—Yes / No, you …Exercises:1. —May I go surfing alone this afternoon, Dad?
—No, you ____. It is dangerous.
A. may not B. can’t
C. needn’t D. don’t
1. 选B。 这里是情态动词may 的否定回答。2. —Could you help me carry the heavy box ?
—____.
A. That’s very nice of you.
B. No, you don’t have to.
C. Yes, you can.
D. With pleasure.
2. 选D。3. It is said that the gravity on Mars is only about ____ of the gravity on Earth.
A. three-eighths B. third-eight
C. three-eights D. third-eight
3. 选A。 这里考查的是分数的表达。4. Lin Ling’s mother wanted to know ____.
A. if she studied hard at school
B. how did she study at school
C. what did she study at school
4. 选A。 此处为宾语从句，且从句的语序应
为陈述句语序。 5. Do you want to know ____in the future? A special mirror invented by the French scientists can help you.
A. what you will look like
B. what will you look like
C. how do you look like
D. how you look like
5. 选 A。 这里是宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序，
排除B,C；“看上去怎样”疑问词应该用what，
作为介词like 的宾语，排除D。Lin Ling’s mother wanted to know if she studied hard at school Do you want to know what you will look like in the future? It is said that the gravity on Mars is only about three-eighth of the gravity on Earth 宾 语 从 句一、宾语从句的概念在句中充当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句，可以作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。
eg. We know that Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.三、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）
语 序
时 态二、宾语从句的结构 主句+ 引导词+从句（陈述式语序）that if whether what when where who how等e.g.
I hear (that) _______________________.
He said (that) ______________________.
The teacher told us (that) _______________ ________________. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略around the sunAbout the planet MarsThese planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.
Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.
People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.
We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.
The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.
Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.Which sentence has an object clause?√√√if，whether 引导的宾语从句Ⅰ. if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：
Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater.
米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。
The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain.
渔民想知道天是否会下雨。 Ⅱ. if和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。如：
Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me?
→Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意时态变化：
1. 若主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时，从句用任何所需时态。（主现从各）如：
He wants to know if/whether they had a good journey home.
他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。
2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。（主过从过）如：
Did the train leave? She didn’t know.
→She didn’t know if/whether the train had left. 3 当宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句的时态不受主句的时态的影响，仍然用一般现在时。
eg He said the moon moves around the earth.The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
Tom says that they ______________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
I hear they ______________ (return) it already.
He said that they ___________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
He asked what they _____________ at eight last night. (do)
The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. (travel)
I think you ____________ about the murder now. (talk) will be goes were playing have returned had been travels are talking were doingⅢ. if和whether的区别。
二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：
1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如：
Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
这是否对，我不能说。
2. 宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用whether， 不能用if。如：
I don’t know whether or not he will come
tomorrow.
我不知道他明天是否要来。3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：
She can’t decide whether to go to America.
她不能决定是否去美国。
4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：
I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
我担心是否伤了她的感情。5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：
Tom wants know if he won’t come here tomorrow.
汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。
6. if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：
If Simon comes here tomorrow, I’ll call you.
假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1. Uncle Wang came up to see _________ there was anything wrong with the machine.
2. The shop keeper asked my father ________ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.Complete the sentences with “if / whether”.If / whetherwhether3. I don’t know __________ to go or stay?
4. ________ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. ________ they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. Whether that不能省略的几种情况
在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。1. 从句的主语是that。如：
He says that that is a real king’s hat.
他说那是一个真的王冠。
2. that从句中含有主从复合句。如：
I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.
3. 主从句之间有插入语时。如：
It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.
卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。
4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：
She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son.
她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。THANK YOU !
GOODBYE !