2022届高考英语二轮复习 ：一般现在时 学案（含答案）

10. 一般现在时
Ⅰ. 考情分析
命题人常将一般现在时、被动语态与主谓一致相结合，以考查考生的综合能力。做题时，动词的时态要和该句的时间状语或上下文的时态保持一致，尤其不能忽略引号里的话。此外，还要留意主语和谓语之间是主动还是被动关系。
Ⅱ. 考点回顾
1. 结构
主动语态 被动语态
do/ does is / am / are+过去分词
2. 概念：一般现在时表示经常、反复发生的动作或行为以及现在的某种状态，常与它连用的时间状语主要有always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, once a week, at the moment等。
3. 行为动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成
(1)一般情况，直接加-s：buy- come- help- laugh- play-
read- say- swim- take- write- work-
(2)以o, s, x, ch 或sh结尾的词,加-es：catch- do- guess- push- finish-
go- miss- pass- brush- teach- wash- watch- wish-
(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i再加-es：carry- cry- hurry-
study- try- worry-
(4)例外： be- have-
Ⅲ. 真题感悟
一、语法填空
[例1] When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. Here __77__ my tips for you.
[简析] are。本句是由副词here引出的倒装句，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语my tips保持一致。
[例2] Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ (be) often acceptable. (2016全国卷Ⅱ)
[简析] is。单个动名词短语作主语，视为单数。
[例3]When fat and salt __64__ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
[简析] are removed。复数主语fat and salt与谓语动词remove之间是被动关系；根据主句时态可知用一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
[例4]Fast food __67__ (be) full of fat and salt;
[简析] is。主语fast food是不可数名词，视为单数；描述的是一个客观事实，故用一般现在时。
[考5]But at the moment, school __69__ (come) first.
[简析] comes。时间状语at the moment“现在”常与一般现在时连用；主语school是第三人称单数形式。
[例6]This isn't as hard as it __62__(sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while reading an interesting piece of literature.
[简析] sounds。本句意为“这件事并不像听起来那么难”，描述的是一般事实，且主语为it，因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。
[例7]While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it __64__(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
[简析] is。本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的can’t make和says可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，因此用is。
[例8] Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six __70__(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
[简析] are。数词six作主语，代指前文中的 “polar bear subpopulations”，视为复数形式。
二、短文改错
[例1]As is planning, I’m coming to Boston around the 15th.
[简析]planning →planned。
[例2]Growing up is not easy. Sometime all that is need is someone to rely on.
[简析]need →needed。
[例3]In a word, friends are those you like and trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with them.
[简析]spent →spend。
[例4]Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.
[简析]even后的had →have。根据上下文可知整篇文章描述的是现在的一般性情况。
[例5]Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
[简析]are后的using →used。be used for“被用来去做……”。
[例6]Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.
[简析]thought →think。根据上下文可知整篇文章的基本时态是一般现在时。
[例7]We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.
[简析]chose →choose。
[例8]When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the vegetables!
[简析]came →comes。根据上下文可知整篇文章的基本时态是一般现在时。
[例9]And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
[简析]is →was。本篇文章使用的全是一般过去时。
[例10]Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practice.
[简析]start →started，考查动词时态。该句讲述作者七岁时学中国功夫的经历，所以要使用一般过去时态。
[例11]Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.
[简析]required →requires。整篇文章讲述我的梦想，时态应为一般现在时或将来时。
[例12]For example, every morning, my dad has to have a bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. (2020全国卷Ⅲ)
[简析]had →have。本篇文章通篇讲述目前发生的常态性事情。