(共18张PPT)
灯
单元复
与提升
short sketch
小品
crosstalk n.
相声
幽默
talk show
脱口秀
story n.
故事
形式
joke n.
笑话
witty remark
俏皮话
curly adj.
卷曲的
wig n.
假发
文化与幽
外貌
witty adj.
说话风趣的，妙趣横生的
mischievous adj.
调皮的，淘气的
性格
charming adj.
令人着迷的；迷人的
funny adj.
滑稽的；好笑的
sense of humour
幽默感
comic adj.
滑稽的：使人发笑的；喜剧的
entertain v.
使快乐
grin v.
露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑
行为
roar v.
哄笑，大笑
play a trick (tricks on
搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑
举止
laughing stock
笑料，笑柄
delight vt.
使高兴；使愉快；使快乐Writing about a comedian
[学范文·背佳句]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠释 [教材原文] [名师论道]
Charlie Chaplin was a British actor, filmmaker and composer.He became famous in the 1910s，①when films were silent and in black and white.Charlie Chaplin was one of the best comedy actors of his time②because he knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh.③In my opinion, the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp, ④who is his most famous character.The Tramp is a poor man with a kind heart who has unexpected adventures.These adventures, often⑤ involving the police, are usually the funniest scenes.My favourite Charlie Chaplin film is Modern Times and my favourite scene is in the factory where Charlie Chaplin is working on a production line.When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face, he falls behind with his work.⑥It's so funny to watch him trying to keep up！I think the power of Charlie Chaplin's works is ⑦not only in his acting, but also in the stories and characters he created.The Tramp is a symbol of the silent cinema and even after so many years, he is still able to make people laugh. [学语言]①使用when引导的非限制性定语从句使句式表达更加简洁。②使用从属连词because引出原因，使表达更明确。③使用介词短语In my opinion引出自己最喜欢卓别林的具体方面。④who引导的非限制性定语从句使句子更加紧凑。⑤现在分词作定语使句式更富有变化。⑥It作形式主语使语言表达更地道。⑦not only ...but also ...结构增强了语义的层次感。[学结构]General introduction→Why I like him→My favourite work→My comments
佳句背诵 1.Mr Bean is an internationally recognized comedy character on TV and in films.憨豆先生是国际公认的电视和电影喜剧角色。2.He constantly gets into awkward and absurd situations, which greatly amuses audiences regardless of their nationalities or culture.他不断地陷入尴尬和荒诞的境地，无论观众的国籍和文化背景如何，他都给观众带来了极大的乐趣。3.Humour is always made clear through a series of simple and funny acts that rely purely on body language, which is universal.幽默总是通过一系列简单而有趣的行为，纯粹依靠肢体语言来表达，这是通用的。4.One of my favourite shows is that Mr Bean has a meal in a fancy restaurant.我最喜欢的表演节目之一是憨豆先生在一家高级餐厅吃饭。5.He's a comedian, he's an actor, he's British and the whole world knows him as the silent, black haired character Mr Bean. That's right, Rowan Atkinson.他是个喜剧演员，他是个演员，他是英国人，全世界都知道他是那个沉默寡言的黑发角色憨豆先生。没错，罗温·阿特金森。6.It is universally assumed that Song Xiaobao is one of the famous comedians, who enjoys popularity with us.人们普遍认为宋小宝是著名的喜剧演员之一，深受我们的欢迎。7.I like to watch Mr Bean on TV, but I wouldn't like to meet someone like him in real life and I certainly wouldn't like to have dinner with him！我喜欢看电视上的憨豆先生，但是我不愿意在现实生活中遇到像他那样的人，我更不想和他一起吃晚饭！
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
陈佩斯是中国著名的喜剧表演艺术家和小品表演艺术家。请以“My favourite Chinese Comedian — Chen Peisi”为题，用英语写一篇短文。内容包括：
1．对陈佩斯进行简单介绍；
2．为什么喜欢陈佩斯；
3．你最喜爱的他的作品——《警察与小偷》；
4．你对他的评价。
参考词汇：小品short sketch
[仿写步骤]
Step 1 一仿结构布局合理
第一段：对陈佩斯进行简单介绍
第二段：为什么喜欢陈佩斯
第三段：你最喜爱的他的作品——《警察与小偷》
第四段：你对他的评价
Step 2 二仿语言规范美观
1．陈佩斯被认为是中国著名的喜剧表演艺术家和小品表演艺术家。(be considered as, comedy)
Chen Peisi is considered as a famous Chinese artist for comedy performance and sketch performance.
2．他最滑稽的动作给观众留下了最深刻的印象。(impress, funny)
His funniest actions impressed the audience most.
3．他的表演在当时很受欢迎，因为他知道如何利用他的身体和面部特征让人们发笑。(become popular)
His performance became popular at that time because he knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh.
4．陈在电影中扮演了一些角色。(role)
Chen played some roles in the films.
5．在我看来，陈最有趣的是他和搭档朱时茂一起出演小品《吃面条》时的行为动作。(the way, behave, along with)
From my point of view, the funniest thing about Chen was the way he behaved when he was acting in the short sketch Eating Noodles, along with his partner Zhu Shimao.
6．他的一系列动作和面部特征通常是最有趣的场景。(series of；scene )
His series of actions and facial features are usually the funniest scenes.
7．我最喜欢的陈佩斯的作品是与朱时茂合作的《警察与小偷》。(favourite)
My favourite Chen Peisi's work is A Police and a Thief with Zhu Shimao.
8．他在小品中是一个小偷，假装成警察。(pretend，非限制性定语从句)
He, who was a thief, pretended to be a police in the short sketch.
9．看他企图逃跑真有趣。(it作形式主语)
It's so funny to watch him trying to escape.
10．陈的作品的力量不仅在于他的演技中，还在于他创作的故事和人物中。(power, works, character, not only ... but also ...)
The power of Chen's works is not only in his acting, but also in the stories and characters he created.
11．无论他扮演什么角色，他总是能让人发笑。(make sb.do sth.)
No matter what roles he plays, he is always able to make people laugh.
Step 3 三仿句间过渡自然
1．把句1和句2合并为并列句
Chen Peisi is considered as a famous Chinese artist for comedy performance and sketch performance and his funniest actions impressed the audience most.
2．把句4和句5用适当的连接词进行合理地过渡
Chen played some roles in the films.However, from my point of view, the funniest thing about Chen was the way he behaved when he was acting in the short sketch Eating Noodles, along with his partner Zhu Shimao.
Step 4 誊写
Chen Peisi is considered as a famous Chinese artist for comedy performance and sketch performance and his funniest actions impressed the audience most.
His performance became popular at that time because he knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh.Chen played some roles in the films.However, from my point of view, the funniest thing about Chen was the way he behaved when he was acting in the short sketch Eating Noodles, along with his partner Zhu Shimao.His series of actions and facial features are usually the funniest scenes, I think.
My favourite Chen Peisi's work is A Police and a Thief with Zhu Shimao.He, who was a thief, pretended to be a police in the short sketch while Zhu Shimao played the true police.He wanted to get away but failed.It's so funny to watch him trying to escape.
All in all, the power of Chen's works is not only in his acting, but also in the stories and characters he created.No matter what roles he plays, he is always able to make people laugh.
PAGE
4(共15张PPT)
灯
国题围Developing ideas
The Importance of Humour
Humour has been an essential① part of human behaviour for thousands of years.There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece②， and medieval③ writings are filled with④ jokes.[1]While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also⑤ throw new light on⑥ sensitive or emotive⑦ issues.
[1]本句为复合句。While引导让步状语从句。主句中含有that引导的宾语从句，not only ...but also ...连接并列谓语。
Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for his ability to combine⑧ humour with more serious messages⑨ is American writer, Mark Twain.Twain's particular style of writing⑩ is funny and often mischievous .For example, in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he famously says, “Writing is easy.[2]All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.”But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people.For instance, while on a lecturing tour of the United States, Twain went into a barber's shop to get a haircut and a shave.The barber, not recognising him, asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.When Twain replied that he didn't, the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre.Twain's response was, “That's just my luck.I always have to stand when that fellow lectures！”
[2]All作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略不定式符号to。
Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour.A well known bilingual writer ， Lin brought the concept of humour to modern Chinese literature.In 1924, he creatively borrowed “youmo” from Ancient Chinese as the translation for the English word “humour”．“Youmo” is still being used in this way today.
Lin's quick wit helped make him famous as a master of humour.[3]Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.Thinking on his feet， Lin started to tell a story about a cruel Roman emperor who tried to feed a man to wild animals.[4]First came a lion.The man whispered something in the lion's ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.Then along came a tiger.Again, the man whispered in the tiger's ear.The tiger looked shocked and hurried away.“What did you say to my animals？” said the emperor, astonished.“I told them they had to make a speech after eating me for dinner.” Lin's audience roared with laughter.With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.
[3]主句使用了被动语态，现在分词短语having been invited to dinner at a university作状语。由于invited这个动作发生在was put之前， 所以用完成式。when引导时间状语从句。
[4]本句是完全倒装句，副词First放在句首时，后面把谓语came移到主语之前。
Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isn't just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world.Lin even created an equation to explain this concept：Reality＋Dreams＋Humour＝ Wisdom.Living and working with others can sometimes be complicated， and humour makes this easier.Sharing jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together.Indeed, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.In the words of Mark Twain, “humor is mankind's greatest blessing”．
[读文清障]
①essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的
②Ancient Greece古希腊
③medieval adj.中世纪的，中古时期的
④be filled with充满，装满
⑤not only ...but also ...
不但……而且……
⑥throw light on使(某事)显得非常清楚； 使人了解(某事)
⑦emotive adj.使情绪激动的
⑧combine v．使结合，使联合
combine ...with ...
把……和……结合起来
⑨serious message严肃的内容
⑩particular style of writing
特别的写作风格
mischievous adj.调皮的，淘气的
classic novel经典小说
cross out删除，删去(字句)
witty remark机智的言论
interaction n．交流
on a lecturing tour在巡回演讲
barber's shop理发店
go to the event去参加活动
brand n．品牌，牌子
brand of……风格
brand of humour某种类型的幽默
bilingual writer双语作家
concept n．概念，观念
modern Chinese literature
中国现代文学
quick wit机智敏捷
master of humour幽默大师
spot n．地点，处所
put sb on the spot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪
think on one's feet
急中生智；头脑反应很快
cruel adj.残忍的
cruelty n．残忍， 残酷；无情
Roman emperor罗马皇帝
whisper v．悄声说，低语
hurry away匆匆离去
roar v．哄笑，大笑
roar with laughter哄堂大笑
tell off斥责，责骂
illuminate v．照亮，照明
equation n．等式，方程式
complicated adj.难处理的；难懂的
bring ...together
把……聚集在一起
blessing n．恩赐；祝福；好事
[参考译文]
幽默的重要性
数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字记载中有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，那些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索耶历险记》中有一句名言：“写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。”他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票，马克·吐温说没有。理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位了。马克·吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着！”
和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，林语堂很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。作为著名的双语作家，林语堂将幽默的概念引入了中国现代文学。1924年，他创造性地借用古汉语中的“幽默”作为英文单词“humour”的翻译。今天，“幽默”一词仍在以这种方式被人们使用。
林语堂的机智使他成为了著名的幽默大师。有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。林语堂急中生智，开始讲述一个残忍的罗马皇帝要把一个人喂给野兽的故事。首先来了一头狮子，那人对狮子耳语了几句，狮子摇摇头，不高兴地走开了。然后来了一只老虎，那人又对老虎耳语了几句，老虎看起来很震惊，急忙跑开了。“你对我的动物们说了什么？”皇帝惊讶地说。“我告诉它们，把我作为晚餐吃掉后，它们必须要演讲一番。”林语堂的听众们顿时哄堂大笑。通过这个小笑话，林语堂既能让大家哈哈大笑，同时也委婉地表达了对校长的不满。
幽默不只能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，是一种可以用来阐明世界的工具，马克·吐温和林语堂都明白这一点。林语堂甚至还创造了一个公式来解释他的理念：现实＋梦想＋幽默＝智慧。和其他人在一起生活和工作有时候并不是一件容易的事，而幽默可以让这些事变得更简单。一起讲笑话、一起欢笑可以使不同的个体甚至是团体凝聚在一起。事实上，有些人甚至会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克·吐温的话来说：“幽默是人类头等的幸事。”
Step One：Pre reading
Read the short introductions to Mark Twain and Lin Yutang on Page 8 in the textbook and tell what they have in common.
Both of them are great writers and they are famous for their wit.
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What is the text mainly about
A．Mark Twain. B．Lin Yutang.
C．Medieval writings. D．Humour.
答案：D
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Which novel of Mark Twain is mentioned in the passage
A．The Million Pound Bank Note.
B．Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
C．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.
D．The Importance of Humour.
2．Where did the story of Mark Twain happen
A．At a barber's shop. B．At a key university.
C．At a restaurant. D．At a lecture hall.
3．What does the phrase “thinking on his feet” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Standing up to think for a while.
B．Working out a plan quickly.
C．Having quick ideas in an emergency.
D．Looking for a reason to leave.
4．What can be inferred about the president of the university
A．Clever. B．Impolite.
C．Patient. D．Heart warmed.
答案：1～4 CACB
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Humour 1.has been (be) an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years.It could not only entertain but also throw new light 2.on sensitive or emotive issues.Closer to modern times, someone who 3.is remembered (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is Mark Twain.But on 4.the other side of the world, Lin Yutang's quick wit helped make him famous 5. as a master of humour.Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isn't just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool 6. that can be used 7.to illuminate (illuminate) the world.8.Living (live) and working with others can sometimes be complicated, 9.and humour makes this easier.Indeed, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.In the words of Mark Twain, “Humour is mankind's greatest 10.blessing(bless)”．
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．in his everyday interactions with people
在他与人的日常交流中
2．be well known for his witty remarks
以他机智的话语而闻名
3．to get a haircut and a shave 去理发和刮脸
4．when that fellow lectures 当那个家伙演讲的时候
5．unique brand of humour 独特的幽默风格
6．the concept of humour 幽默的概念
7．put him on the spot 让他尴尬
8．whisper something in the lion's ear
在狮子耳边低声说了些什么
9．roar with laughter 哄堂大笑
10．The cruel king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners.And the cruelty of the king towards the prisoners filled everyone with horror.(cruel)
11．Joan is as gentle a young lady as you could ever meet.Now she is holding her sleeping baby gently, singing under a tree.(gentle)
12．It was concluded that he didn't tell us the truth.I also came to the conclusion that he had lied to us.(conclude)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
①impress(v.使钦佩，使留下深刻印象)＋ion→impression (n.印象)
discussion 讨论 possession 财产 aggression 侵略
②cruel (adj.残忍的)＋ty→cruelty (n.残忍)
certainty 确定的事情 safety 安全
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on (产生新的认识) sensitive or emotive issues.
2．All you have to do is cross out (删掉) the wrong words.
3．Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand of humour (幽默风格)．
4．Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot (使难堪) when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
5．The tiger looked shocked and hurried away (匆匆离去)．
6．With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off (斥责) the president.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.
[句式分析] not only ...but also ...不但……而且……
[佳句仿写] She likes not only music but also sports.
她不但喜欢音乐而且喜欢体育运动。
2．[教材原句] All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.
[句式分析] 主语含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略to。
[佳句仿写] All we need to do is study hard at school.
我们需要做的事就是在校努力学习。
3．[教材原句] First came a lion.
[句式分析] first, now，then等副词开头的句子常用全部倒装。
[佳句仿写] Now comes your turn.
现在轮到你了。
1．(教材P8)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people.
但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。
remark n．言论；意见，评论vt.评论，谈论
(1)make a remark/comment on
就……发表评论
(2)remark/comment on 就……发表评论
remark that ... 评论说……；主张……
(3)remarkable adj. 卓越的，非凡的，显著的
(佳句)His remark was considered to be quite out of place, because it deepened the gap between two parties and caused more conflicts.
他的评论被认为是不恰当，因为它加深了两党的隔阂，导致更多的冲突。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①In my view, remarking on somebody else in public is impolite.
②The book is filled with remarkable (remark) insights.
③The editor remarked that the article was well written.
[写美] 补全句子
④When she has to make a remark/comment on others, she usually changes the topic.
当她不得不评论他人的时候，她通常会改变话题。
2．(教材P9)Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。
spot n．地点，处所；斑点；污迹vt.看见，注意到，发现
(1)put sb.on the spot (提出难题)使某人尴尬，使某人为难
on the spot/scene 当下；在现场
(2)spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事
(佳句)He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.
他把他当初向她求婚的确切地点指给我看。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He spotted his friend talking (talk) with someone in the distance.
②He put me on the spot a bit because he invited me right in front of his mum and I didn't particularly want to go.
③James was called to see the producer and got the job on the spot.
[写美] 补全句子
④More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.
十多位警察来到出事地点。
[名师指津] spot表示地点时，后面的定语从句要用where引导。
3．(教材P9)The man whispered something in the lion's ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.
那人对狮子耳语了几句，狮子摇摇头，不高兴地走开了。
whisper v．悄声说，低语n.耳语，小声说的话
(1)whisper (sth.) to sb. 对某人小声说(某事)
whisper (to sb.) that ... (对某人)小声说……
It is whispered that ... 有人私下说……
(2)in a whisper/in whispers 低声说
(佳句)The sisters whispered to each other when they passed this spot.
当她们走过这个地点的时候，姐妹俩相互耳语。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He asked a question in a whisper in case it would be heard.
②They stood in the passage talking about it in whispers (whisper)．
③She whispered to me that don't speak a word at the meeting.
[写美] 补全句子
④It is whispered that he is heavily in debt.
有人私下说他负债累累。
[名师指津] whisper后面不能接双宾语，应该用whisper sth.to sb./whisper to sb.sth.。
4．(教材P9) With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.
通过这个小笑话，林语堂既能让大家哈哈大笑，同时也委婉地表达了对校长的不满。
tell off 斥责；责骂
tell sb./sth. apart 区分开某人/物
tell sb./sth. from sb./sth. 把……与……区分开
tell the difference between ...and ...
区分……和……的不同
tell on/upon sb./sth. 告发某人/事
(佳句)I am also bossy and happy to tell off teenage boys in the street when they are misbehaving.
我爱发号施令，很乐意斥责那些在街上行为不端的十几岁的男孩。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The two brothers are so much alike that their own mother can hardly tell them apart.
②How can we tell the good from the bad
③I got told (tell) off for being out too late.
[写美] 补全句子
④I missed the lesson and John told on/upon me.
我缺席了这堂课，约翰告发了我。
5．(教材P10)A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh.
一句妙语结束了一个笑话，目的是让人们笑。
conclude v．结束，终止；推论，推断出
(1)conclude with 以……结束
conclude from ... 从……中得出结论
(2)conclusion n. 结论；推论；结尾，结束
in conclusion 最后，总之，综上所述
come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion
得出结论
(佳句)The famous scientist concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.
这位著名的科学家用一些有趣的话结束了他的演讲。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The film concludes with the heroine's death.
②I drew a conclusion (conclude) from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way.
③In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
[写美] 补全句子
④He has come to/arrived at/reached/drawn a conclusion that his future depends on himself alone.
他得出一个结论，自己的未来只能依靠自己。
1．[句型公式] 动词不定式作表语时省略to
(教材P8)All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.
你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。
主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可省略符号to。动词不定式作表语时省略to的常见情况如下：
(1)all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时；
(2)what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时；
(3)(主句)主语为the only, the first, the least或形容词最高级等或主语被这些词修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时。
(佳句)All you have to do is push the button and wait.
你所要做的就是按下这个按钮然后等待。
[练透] 补全句子
①All we need to do is live each day happily.
我们需要做的事就是开心地过好每一天。
②What you must do is consider your future.
你必须做的是考虑你的未来。
[写美] 翻译句子
③放学后他做的第一件事是完成作业。
The first thing he did after school was finish his homework.
2．[句型公式] 完全倒装
(教材P9)First came a lion.
首先来了一头狮子。
本句是完全倒装句，副词first放在句首时，后面把谓语came移到主语之前。
(1)为了保持句子平衡或强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，有时需要全部倒装。
(2)英语中，以below, here, there, in, out, up, down, away, back, now, then等副词开头的句子，如果主语是名词，常用全部倒装。
(3)表示方位的短语放在句首时，后面一般使用倒装语序。
(4)当表示地点的介词词组位于句首时，为加强语气，常用全部倒装。
(佳句)As she turned around, there stood her teacher.
当她转过身时，她的老师站在那里。
[练透] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①—We have to stop talking here outside.Listen, there goes (go) the bell!
—Hurry up, or we'll be late.
②Out he dashes to the finishing line ...! And here comes (come) our champion and hero!
③A cat rushed out from under the bed.
→Out rushed a cat from under the bed.
[写美] 补全句子
④In the south of the city lies a big steel factory.
城南坐落着一座大型钢厂。
[名师指津] here, there引起的句子中，当主语是代词时，不用倒装。
Here you are.给你。
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国题围Using language
Grammar——非限制性定语从句
一、非限制性定语从句的概述
非限制性定语从句指对先行词加以描述、解释或补充说明的定语从句。它不是句中不可或缺的部分，如果去掉此从句，不会影响主句意思的完整性。在形式上，非限制性定语从句和主句之间一般用逗号隔开。
Mr Li is the manager of our company, whom you saw at the meeting yesterday.
李先生是我们公司的经理，昨天你在会上见过他。
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
我们上个月买的这栋房子很漂亮。
二、非限制性定语从句的引导词
1．关系词：(1)关系代词：who, whom, which, whose(＝of whom/which), as；(2)关系副词：when, where。
2．先行词及其在从句中作的成分
关系词 先行词 在从句中作的成分
who 人 主语
whom 人 宾语
which 物/整个主句 主语/宾语
whose(＝of whom或of which) 人/物 定语
as 人/物/整个主句 主语/宾语
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词 地点状语
3．that不能引导非限制性定语从句，在非限制性定语从句中应当用who/whom指人，用which指物。指人作宾语时只能用宾格whom，不能用who替换；非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，常用for which代替why。
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.(who作主语)
查尔斯·史密斯去年退休了，他曾是我的老师。
Xiaowang, whom they often talk about, is going to America next month.(whom作宾语)
他们经常谈到的那个小王下个月要去美国。
I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.(where作状语)
我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。
The earth goes around the sun, as we all know.(as作宾语)
众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。
The president said that he didn't need any reason, for which the plan couldn't be carried out.
董事长说他不需要任何计划不能得到执行的理由。
[即时演练一] 用非限制性定语从句合并句子
①I walk into the waiting area.Many people are sitting quietly there.
→I walk into the waiting area, where many people are sitting quietly.
②They gave us many books.There was much information we needed in them.
→They gave us many books, in which there was much information we needed.
③The dress on the wall is a gift for me.Its color is bright.
→The dress on the wall, whose color is bright, is a gift for me.
④He is from England.Everyone here knows that.
→As is known by everyone here, he is from England.
⑤One may be at a loss when facing a sudden danger.That is quite natural.
→One may be at a loss when facing a sudden danger, which is quite natural.
三、“介词＋which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句由“介词＋关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代词只能用which或whom。介词的选择原则主要有以下几点：
(1)根据介词与动词的搭配关系
There are some details in the project, about which the manager cares much.(care about)
在这项工程里有一些细节，经理对此非常关心。
(2)根据介词与形容词的搭配关系
I introduced some subjects to her, in which she may be interested.(be interested in)
我给她介绍了几个科目，她可能对此感兴趣。
(3)根据介词与先行词的关系
Last night I took part in a party and lost my key, without which I can't open the door of my dormitory.
昨天晚上我参加聚会把钥匙丢了，没有钥匙我打不开宿舍的门。
(4)根据属于与被属于(或部分与整体)的关系
There stands a building over there, the elevators of which often go out of order.
那里矗立着一座楼，这座楼的电梯经常出故障。
[即时演练二] 根据汉语提示完成句子
①During traveling, you can meet various people, with whom you can make new friends.
在旅游期间，你可以见到形形色色的人，和他们结交新朋友。
②A year is divided into four seasons, the first of which is spring.
一年被分为四个季节，第一个季节是春季。
③She was educated at a local high school, after which she went on to Peking University.
她在当地的一所高中上学，此后，她去了北大。
四、as和 which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as和 which引导非限制性定语从句指代整个句子时， 区别如下：
项目 as which
位置 引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导的从句不能位于主句之前
意义 正如 这，那
功能 连接上下文，表达说话人的观点，并指出主句内容 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句
Einstein, as we all know, is a famous scientist.
众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。(as引导非限制性定语从句，代指整句意思)
It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.
昨天雨下得很大，这阻止了我去公园。(which引导非限制性定语从句，代指前句It rained hard yesterday, which可转换为and this/that)
[名师指津] (1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，其后常接expect, know, report, say, see等动词的主动或被动语态句以及用于一些固定结构中。如：as was expected (不出所料), as is mentioned above (正如上面所提到的), as is often the case (这是常有的事)等。
(2)as也可用在限制性定语从句中，此时它多和such, so或the same连用，构成such/so ...as和the same ...as结构。
Such books as I have read are English novels.(as作宾语)
我所读过的书都是英语小说。
[即时演练三] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①There was a prison on the island, from which nobody escaped.
②He has made great progress in his work, which makes his parents very proud.
他在工作中取得了很大进步，这让他父母很骄傲。
③As we all know, smoking is bad for your health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
五、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
区分点 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式不同 紧跟在先行词后，不用逗号隔开 用逗号和主句隔开
功能不同 起限定作用，不可省略，否则主句意思不完整 起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响主句意义的完整
关系词不同 所有关系词都可引导，在从句中作宾语时可省略 that，why不能引导
先行词不同 名词、代词或名词性短语 名词、代词、名词性短语或整个主句
翻译方式不同 一般译为定语 一般译为并列分句
[即时演练四] 补全句子
①He lives in Beijing, which is about five hours' ride from here.
他住在北京，离这里有5个小时的车程。
②Great changes are taking place in the city where/in which they live.
他们居住的城市正在发生巨大变化。
六、常使用非限制性定语从句的三种情况
1．关系代词指代整个主句的内容时，用非限制性定语从句。
She said she had finished her work, which I doubted very much.
她说她已经完成了工作，我对此深感怀疑。
2．先行词指世界上独一无二的事物、专有名词或表示类属事物时，用非限制性定语从句。
The moon, which is 384,400 kilometers away from the earth, creates many beautiful stories for people.
月球，这个离地球384 400千米远的星球，给人们带来了很多美好的故事。
3．some/many/few/a few/little/much/most/two of which/whom结构中常用非限制性定语从句。
I have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from Canada.
我有三位外籍老师，其中两位来自加拿大。
[即时演练五] 补全句子
①Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都踢足球。
②The moon, which doesn't give out light itself, is only a satellite of the earth.
月球本身不发光，它只是地球的一个卫星。
③John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members.
约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，其中大多数是家庭成员。
1．(教材P5)Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information
哪些句子包含一个带有极其重要信息的从句，哪些句子包含带有额外信息的从句？
essential adj.极其重要的， 必不可少的
(1)be essential to sth./sb. 对某物/人来说必不可少/极其重要
(2)it is essential to do sth. 做某事是完全必要的/至关重要的
(3)It is essential/important/necessary/strange/surprising ...＋that从句，that从句是真正的主语，从句中的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
(佳句)In a world still facing so many problems, it is essential for us to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
在当今仍面临许多问题的世界里，构建和平繁荣的人类命运共同体至关重要。
[练透] 补全句子
①It's strange that tourists (should) never visit this village.
很奇怪，游客竟然从不参观这个村子。
②It is essential that these application forms (should) be sent back as early as possible.
这些申请表应尽早寄回，这是很重要的。
[写美] 翻译句子
③和睦的家庭对我们的个人发展和身心健康是极其重要的。
A harmonious family is essential to our personal development and our physical and mental health.
2．(教材P5)Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes.
沃森对自己的回答很满意，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。
impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象
(1)be impressed by /with ...
被……打动
impress sth.on sb./impress sb.with sth.
某事给某人留下深刻印象
(2)impression n. 印象
leave/make an impression on ...
给……留下印象
have/get a good/bad impression of sb./sth.
对某人/物的印象好/不好
(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的
(佳句)What impressed him most was their attitude towards their work.
令他印象最深刻的是他们对工作的态度。
[练透] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①Their wedding took place last week，which gave me a deep impression (impress)．
②The general is kind and humorous.In a word, he is an impressive (impress) man.
③Their kindness made a good impression on us while we were staying there.
→We got/had a good impression of their kindness while we were staying there.
[写美] 补全句子
④He was impressed with/by Benjamin's drawings.
本杰明的画令他印象深刻。
3．(教材P6)We all deserve a second chance, I guess.
我想我们都应该再给对方一次机会。
deserve v．应得，应受到；值得
deserve to do 应该/受……
deserve to be done＝deserve doing
应该/值得……
deserve respect/praise 值得尊重/表扬
(佳句)The old artists insisted that the masterpiece deserved such a good reputation.
老艺术家坚称那幅杰作值得享有如此美誉。
[练透] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respect/to be respected/respecting (respect)．
②Maria is constantly making efforts; she deserves to achieve (achieve) the goal of entering the key university.
③I'd like to see those who deserve to be rewarded in your class.
→I'd like to see those deserving to be rewarded in your class.(用非谓语动词改写)
[写美] 补全句子
④No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our respect.
无论一份工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着作用，所以值得我们的尊重。
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国题围Starting out & Understanding ideas
英式英语和美式英语有着许多的区别。那么，英式幽默和美式幽默也存在不同吗？
Comedy Across Borders
“Wonderful choice of tie today，” Sheila said to her co worker Thomas as he rushed into the office two minutes late for work.Everyone nearby burst out laughing while Thomas had a puzzled look on his face.He was in a hurry this morning and hadn't noticed the fresh coffee stain (污渍) right in the middle of his brightly colored tie!
Humour is defined as the quality of being amusing or comical, especially as expressed in literature or speech.Sounds pretty straightforward, right But different cultures express humour in different plimenting a colleague's attire (衣服) following a mishap (不好的事情) like Thomas' is an example of sarcastic (讽刺的) humour, whereby the joker uses irony to poke fun at their unwitting (不知情的) subject.
Compared with this type of characteristically British dialogue, Americans tend to favor a more straightforward approach to comedy.For example, in the same scenario (情景) set in an American sitcom, the dialogue might go something like this：
[理解]
Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F)．
1．Sheila wants to tell Thomas that his tie matches his suit well by saying “Wonderful choice of tie today”． (F)
2．British humour is usually sarcastic. (T)
As Thomas rushed into the office two minutes late for work, his co worker Sheila glanced at him with a grin (露齿的笑)．“Late again？” she remarked.“Yes, sorry, I'm late.I gobbled (狼吞虎咽) my breakfast down as quickly as I could，” Thomas replied.Sheila laughed, “No wonder you've still got half your breakfast on your tie！”
Both the Sheila in our satirical (讽刺的) British tale and the Sheila from our unabashed (不加掩饰的) American tale use a unique style of humour to convey the same message: There's a coffee stain on your tie, Thomas.But each makes use of comedy in a different way.
So, the next time you see your friend arrive in class with a stain on his or her shirt, how would you choose to break the news to them ,
[积累]
1．burst out laughing
突然笑起来；不禁大笑
2．puzzled adj. 困惑的；茫然的
3．define vt. 定义
4．straightforward adj.
坦诚的；坦率的；率直的
5．compliment n．& v.
赞美；称赞
Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
[原文呈现]
The Best Medicine
As I approach① the hospital wearing my white coat, I look just like any other doctor.That is until I put on② my curly rainbow wig③ , big red nose, and add my name badge④ “Doctor Larry Laugh Out Loud⑤”．[1]I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere⑥ of boredom and tension⑦.[2]People sit uncomfortably⑧ on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of⑨ times previously.Anxious parents do what they can to comfort⑩ nervous and crying children.
[1]本句为复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the waiting area。
[2]主句谓语是sit，现在分词短语looking through old magazines作伴随状语，all of which引导非限制性定语从句。
[3]In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size.I speak with the on duty nurse ， who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle.Since getting here, Lara has spent her time crying in pain .[4]Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury ， it's my job to make her feel better.
[3]whose引导限制性定语从句。本从句句型结构是“主语A＋be＋倍数＋B的形容词性物主代词＋size/length/ ...”， 意为“A是B的几倍大/长/……”。
[4]Although引导让步状语从句，从句使用了强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。
Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.We are specially trained clowns who work as part of a programme known as “hospital clowning ”．I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid.Although the doctors and nurses did a great job ， hospitals weren't really designed for children.I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened and more than a little bored! Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
Visiting hospitals and other health care facilities， we clown doctors work together with medical professionals.On a typical day, we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and more often than not， the hospital staff, too! We do this by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and, of course, telling silly jokes.Some children, though, don't feel like laughing, especially if they're in pain.We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient.
And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara's ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick.Although she is clearly still in some pain, her scared and anxious look has been replaced — first by a small smile, and then by loud laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from out of my pocket.[5]Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara's parents more relaxed.
[5]本句句型：主语＋make＋宾语＋宾语补足语； Seeing their daughter so much happier是动词 ing形式作主语。
And as for me Well, when I take off my wig and my red nose, I'm still wearing a big smile, as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day.[6]While there might be more hospital visits ahead for Lara and others, I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place to visit.After all, it really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”．
[6]While 引导让步状语从句，that引导宾语从句，make it a friendlier place to visit为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，to visit为动词不定式作后置定语。
[读文清障]
①approach n．& v．靠近，接近
②put on戴，穿
③curly rainbow wig卷曲的彩虹色假发
④badge n．徽章
⑤Doctor Larry Laugh Out Loud
拉里·笑哈哈医生
⑥atmosphere n．气氛；大气
⑦boredom and tension无聊和紧张
⑧uncomfortably adv.不舒服地；令人不安地
uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；令人不安的
⑨hundreds of数百的
⑩do what one can to comfort尽力安慰
spot vt.发现，看见
n.斑点；地点
ankle n．脚踝
on duty nurse值班护士
rush vt.速送
vi.冲，奔跑
rush sb. to someplace速送某人到某地
in pain疼痛地
injury n．受伤处
injure vt.损害，伤害
clown doctor小丑医生
hospital clowning 医疗小丑
do a great job干得很好
be designed for
旨在……；为……而设计
more than多于；不仅仅；非常
entertain v．使快乐
entertainment n．娱乐
health care facility医疗保健机构
medical professional
医疗专业人员
cheer up(使)高兴起来；(使)振作起来
more often than not
往往；多半；通常
work closely with
与……密切合作
does(do/did)强调谓语动词，意为“的确”。
do the trick奏效，达到预期效果
concentrate on
集中精力于/专注于
examine v．检查(身体)
examination n．检查；诊察
take off拿下，脱下
wear流露，面带，呈现
[参考译文]
最佳灵药
当我穿着白大褂走向医院的时候，我看起来跟其他医生一样——直到我戴上卷曲的彩虹色假发和大红鼻子，别上我的名牌“拉里·笑哈哈医生”为止。我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，这里充斥着常见的厌烦和紧张情绪。人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。焦虑的父母们正竭尽所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。
就在这样的场景里，我注意到一个小女孩，她的脚踝肿成了原来的两倍。我和当值护士交谈时她告诉我，劳拉从自行车上摔下来，她的父母匆忙将她送到医院。自从来到这里，劳拉就因为疼痛而一直大哭。尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。
科学研究表明，欢笑能令人产生一些有益身心的化学物质，这就意味着小丑医生能帮到患者。我们是受过专门培训的小丑，是“医疗小丑”项目的成员。我选择这个职业是由于我自己小时候去医院的经历。尽管当时医生和护士都尽职尽责，但医院实在不是个适合孩子们待的地方。我在那里的大部分时间要么觉得害怕，要么感到非常无聊！而成为小丑医生意味着我可以用娱乐人们的方式帮助他们。
作为小丑医生，我们要走访医院和其他的医疗保健机构，和专业医疗人员一起工作。我们一天的工作内容通常是为病人、病人家属，甚至是医院的工作人员带来欢乐！为此，我们会变魔术、唱歌、讲故事，当然还会讲一些滑稽的笑话。尽管如此，有些孩子并不想笑，尤其是在他们感到疼痛的时候。所以我们必须非常善解人意，并且与医护人员密切合作，他们会为我们提供每个病人的最新情况。
而我的灵药似乎确实取得了成效。当医生集中精力检查劳拉的脚踝时，我用魔术来吸引劳拉的注意力。看得出，尽管她显然仍有一些痛苦，但她恐惧和焦虑的表情已经不见了：先是一个小小的微笑，接着变成了大笑——因为我“魔术般地”从我的口袋里变出了她的一只袜子。看到女儿破涕为笑，劳拉的父母也松了一口气。
而我呢？当我摘下假发和红鼻子的时候，脸上仍然带着大大的微笑，因为我记得这天所有的乐趣和欢笑。也许将来，对于劳拉或者其他人来说，他们还有更多到医院就诊的需要，而我希望，小丑医生能够帮助医院成为一个更温暖友善的就诊场所。毕竟，“欢笑是最佳灵药”，这句话是千真万确的。
Step One：Pre reading
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
What is the man What do you know about his job
The man is a clown and it is typical of a clown to paint his face and wear funny clothes.As a clown, he gives funny performances to make people laugh.And there is always a big smile on his face.
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What's the passage mainly about
A．A little girl whose ankle was injured.
B．What a clown doctor does in the hospital.
C．Why a clown doctor is so funny.
D．A clown doctor isn't satisfied with his job.
答案：B
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Why does the author choose to be a clown doctor
A．The high salary.
B．The good working conditions.
C．His parents' wishes.
D．His childhood experience.
2．What is special about the clown's job
A．His white coat.
B．His loud laughter.
C．Cheering up the patients, their families and the hospital staff.
D．His magic tricks.
3．Which of the following isn't performed by clown doctors
A．Operating on patients.
B．Singing songs.
C．Telling stories.
D．Doing magic tricks.
4．Why is the laughter helpful
A．Because it sounds better than other sounds.
B．Because it makes patients feel less painful.
C．Because it makes patients feel relaxed.
D．Because it produces chemicals to make people feel better.
答案：1～4 DCAD
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we all know, boredom and tension is 1.usually (usual) the atmosphere of a hospital.But today I dress like a clown to help children by 2.entertaining (entertain) them.In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl 3.whose ankle is twice its normal size.The on duty nurse tells me that Lara has spent her time 4.crying (cry) in pain.Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it's my job 5.to make (make) her feel better.While the doctor concentrates 6.on examining Lara's ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick.Although she is clearly still in some pain, her 7.scared (scare) and anxious look has been replaced — first by a small smile, and then by loud 8.laughter (laugh) as I “magically” produce her sock from out of my pocket.Seeing their daughter so much happier has 9.in turn made Lara's parents more relaxed.From this experience, I realise that it is true as the scientific studies said，“Laughter is 10.the best medicine.”
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．lift the mood with a joke 用一个笑话提升心情
2．take the children to the circus 带孩子们去看马戏表演
3．curly rainbow wig 卷曲的彩虹色假发
4．add my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh Out Loud”
别上我的名牌“拉里·笑哈哈医生”
5．sprain one's ankle 扭伤脚踝
6．clown doctors 小丑医生
7．The doctor examined her many times and was satisfied with the examination, so he sent her to Moscow.(examine)
8．The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before he came to work.(employ)
9．In the amusement park, the monkey's amusing movements made everybody present amused.(amuse)
10．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment, so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class.(entertain)
[掌握规律 巧记单词]
①amuse(vt.使发笑)＋ment→amusement(n.娱乐，消遣)
development发展 equipment设备
②examine[v.检查(身体)]变e为ation→examination(n.考试；检查)
invitation 邀请 conservation 保护
③employ(v.雇用)＋er→employer(n.雇用者，雇主)trainer 教练员 performer 表演者
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through (浏览) old magazines，all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
2．Since getting here, Lara has spent her time crying in pain (疼痛地)．
3．Although the doctors and nurses did a great job (做得很好), hospitals weren't really designed for children.
4．Visiting hospitals and other health care (医疗保健) facilities, we clown doctors work together with medical professionals.
5．On a typical day, we spend our time cheering up (使高兴) patients, their families, and more often than not (通常), the hospital staff, too!
6．We have to be very sensitive and work closely with (密切合作) the doctors and nurses.
7．And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick (奏效)．
8．Well, when I take off (拿下，脱下) my wig and my red nose, I'm still wearing a big smile ...
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句] I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
[句式分析] where引导非限制性定语从句
[佳句仿写] We finally reached the top of the mountain, where a beautiful rainbow appeared.
我们终于到达了山顶，在那里出现了一道美丽的彩虹。
2．[教材原句] Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it's my job to make her feel better.
[句式分析] 强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
[佳句仿写] It was the clown doctor who/ that cheered the patients up.
是那个小丑医生让病人高兴起来。
3．[教材原句] Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
[句式分析] 动词 ing形式作主语。
[佳句仿写] Being misunderstood always makes me feel uncomfortable.
被人误解总使我感到不舒服。
1．(教材P1)Lift the mood with a joke and explore the area.
用一个笑话提升心情并探索该区域。
mood n．心情；心境
(1)in a good mood 情绪/心情好
have a(n) ... mood 有……情绪
in the mood for doing sth. 有心情做某事
in no mood for sth./to do sth. 没有心情做某事
(2)moody adj. 喜怒无常的
(佳句)A healthy lifestyle is often considered to be associated with exercise, mood and diet, and so on.
一种健康的生活方式经常被认为是与锻炼、心境和饮食等有关的。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①It is difficult to predict his reaction because he is so moody (mood)．
②After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no mood to go (go) to the party with us.
③They chatted a lot on the phone and helped the girl get through the awful days and put her in a good mood.
[写美] 补全句子
④Blamed for the failure to accomplish the task, Tom was in no mood for the concert tonight.
由于没能完成任务而受到责备，汤姆今晚没心情听音乐会。
2．(教材P2)an amusement park 一个游乐场
amusement n．娱乐，消遣
(1)to one's amusement 使某人感到好笑的是
(2)amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快
amuse sb.with/by ... 用/以……娱乐某人
(3)amused adj. 觉得好笑的；逗乐的
amusing adj. 好笑的
(佳句)His son is a continuous source of amusement and delight to him.
他的儿子给他带来了无穷的乐趣和欢乐。
[练透] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Playing with water can keep children amused (amuse) for hours.
②To be honest, I didn't find the joke amusing (amuse) at all.
③To my amusement, he couldn't get the door open.
使我感到好笑的是，他竟然打不开门。
[写美] 一句多译
④看见她认真对待这个游戏的样子，他觉得好笑。
→He was amused to see how seriously she took the game.(amused adj.)
→It amused him to see how seriously she took the game.(amuse vt.)
3．(教材P2)People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs，looking through old magazines，all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。
look through 浏览；看穿，识破(某人或某事)；仔细检查(某物)；穿过……看
look down on 瞧不起
look into 调查；查找
look over 仔细检查，审视(某人或某物)
look up to 尊敬
look up and down 上下打量
(佳句)While I was looking through the newspaper, a small advertisement caught my attention, which read “Easy job.Good wages.No experience necessary.”
我在看报纸的时候，一个小广告引起了我的注意，上面写着：“工作轻松。工资丰厚。无需经验。”
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Though he was badly off, he looked down on those who had a lot of money.
②He chooses to look into the matter till the truth is out.
③You may look through the notes and other study materials.
[写美] 补全句子
④She looked up and down the street, then she saw what she was looking for.
她来回巡视街头，看到了自己在寻找的东西。
4．(教材P3)Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
而成为小丑医生意味着我可以用娱乐人们的方式帮助他们。
entertain v．使快乐
(1)entertain sb.with sth. 用某物逗某人快乐
entertain sb.to sth. 用某物招待某人
(2)entertainment n. 娱乐；文娱节目
entertaining adj. 愉快的；有趣的
(佳句)Some people entertain themselves by reading; others have been entertained by the radio and television.
有些人以读书自娱；其他人则通过广播和电视娱乐。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①This is actually a very entertaining (entertain) look putting over serious health messages.
②Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment (entertain) aspect of the music has been lost.
③I entertained my friends to dinner yesterday evening.
[写美] 补全句子
④When asked to stay at home for isolation and to keep social distance, many people entertain themselves with all kinds of activities and cope with this crisis with a positive attitude.
当被要求居家隔离并保持社交距离时，很多人用各种活动自娱自乐，以乐观心态应对这场危机。
5．(教材P3)On a typical day, we spend our time cheering up patients, their families, and more often than not, the hospital staff, too!
我们一天的工作内容通常是为病人、病人家属，甚至是医院的工作人员带来欢乐！
cheer up(使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来
(1)cheer sb.on (赛跑比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油
(2)cheerful adj. 快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的
cheers int. (用于祝酒)干杯；再见；谢谢
(佳句)Most children need encouragement in time of failure so that they can cheer up again.
失败时，大多数孩子需要鼓励，这样他们才能重新振作起来。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Max is hardworking, cheerful (cheer), and above all honest, which makes him liked by a lot of people.
②The cocktail is just for you.Cheers(cheer)!
[写美] 补全句子
③They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered her on.
他们聚集在游泳池边为她加油。
6．(教材P3)And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.
而我的灵药似乎确实取得了成效。
do the trick奏效，达到预期效果
play a trick on(＝play tricks on)
搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑
trick sb.into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
(佳句)He tried to entertain his wife, but didn't do the trick.
他想逗笑妻子，但是没有奏效。
[练透] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①An adviser might be trying to trick customers into buying a product or a service.
②The boy is so naughty that he likes playing tricks on his classmates.
这个男孩非常调皮，喜欢捉弄他的同学。
[写美] 句式升级
③The woman found that a boy was playing a trick on the blind.
→The woman found a boy playing a trick on the blind.(用非谓语动词改写)
7．(教材P3)While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara's ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick.
当医生集中精力检查劳拉的脚踝时，我用魔术来吸引劳拉的注意力。
concentrate v．专心；集中
(1)concentrate on/upon (doing) sth
专心(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/one's attention on
集中精力于；致力于；专心于
(2)concentration n. 集中；专心
(佳句)How can I concentrate on/upon my study with so much noise going on outside
外面现在这么吵，我怎么能安心学习呢？
[练透] 单句语法填空
①For example, I can just concentrate on reading (read) for a short time.
②Speaking on the phone requires concentration (concentrate) and takes a driver's attention from the road.
[写美] 补全句子
③The confusing matters make him unable to concentrate on/upon his study.
那么多烦心事使他无法专心学习。
[联想] 表示“集中精力于”的短语还有：
focus on
fix/focus one's mind/attention on ...
8．(教材P3)After all, it really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”．
毕竟，“欢笑是最佳灵药”，这句话是千真万确的。
after all毕竟，终究，别忘了，不管怎么说
all in all 总而言之，总之
in all 总共；共计
above all 首先；最重要的是
first of all 首先
(佳句)“After all, everyone has bad days and good days，” he said.
他说：“毕竟每个人都有糟糕的日子和好日子。”
[练透] 用上述短语填空
①The key to happiness lies in better relationships, knowledge and above all health.
②After the dinner, I looked at the bill and found that it was 200 yuan in all, including the wine.
③First of all, it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money to repair it.
[写美] 补全句子
④All in all, I appreciated being taken to this nice island.
总之，我很感激被带到这座美丽的岛上来。
9．(教材P4)Employer The Healthy Humour Foundation
雇主 健康幽默基金会
employer n．雇用者，雇主
(1)employ vt. 雇用；利用
employ sb. as ... 雇用某人担任……
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
(2)employee n. 雇员；受雇者
employment n. 职业；工作；使用
(佳句)She spoke confidently because she wanted to make a good impression on her employer.
她说话很自信，因为她想给雇主留下一个好印象。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①For the past three years he has been employed (employ) as a firefighter.
②The employment (employ) rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments.
[写美] 一句多译
③那时，她忙着给花浇水。
→At that time, she was employed in watering the flowers.
→At that time, she employed herself in watering the flowers.
1．[句型公式] where引导非限制性定语从句
(教材P2)I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，这里充斥着常见的厌烦和紧张情绪。
句中where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the waiting area，在从句中作状语。where也可引导限制性定语从句。
(1)非限制性定语从句是指对先行词加以描述、解释或补充说明的定语从句。它不是句中不可或缺的部分，如果去掉它，不会影响主句意思的完整性。在形式上，往往用逗号与主句隔开。
(2)限制性定语从句对先行词有限制作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确。若将此从句省掉，主句意思会不完整。
(3)where在定语从句中作状语，根据先行词的搭配，可用介词“in/at/on/along等＋which”替换。
(佳句)Go for a walk in the countryside, where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
去乡下散散步，在那里你可以欣赏到美丽的景色和宁静的气氛。
[练透] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①I walk into the waiting area, where many people are sitting quietly.
②They went to London, in which they lived for six months.
③We are in a position where we must fight back as soon as possible.
→We are in a position in which we must fight back as soon as possible.
[写美] 补全句子
④Taobao is a website where you can buy what you want at a reasonable price.
淘宝是一个你能以一个合理的价格买到你想要的东西的网站。
[名师指津] 名词stage/situation(情况)/position(位置)/case(情况)等充当先行词时，如果关系词在从句中作状语，常用where引导定语从句。
2．[句型公式] 强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
(教材P2)Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it's my job to make her feel better.
尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。
句中it's the doctors and nurses who ...为强调句型。
(1)强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分
(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分？
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他成分？
(4)not ...until ...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until ...that ...
(5)强调部分为“人”时可用who或that，被强调部分是“事物”时用that。
(佳句)It is the young doctor who/that is examining her eyes.
正是那个年轻的医生在检查她的眼睛。
[练透] 单句语法填空/句型转换
①It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
②Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got very angry
③Tom was not allowed to play computer games until he finished his homework.
→It was not until Tom finished his homework that he was allowed to play computer games.
[写美] 补全句子
④What was it that made his parents so happy
是什么使他的父母这么高兴？
[名师指津] 强调句与定语从句的区别
(1)强调句的特点：去掉it is/was和that/who后，句子结构仍然完整，且意义清楚。
(2)时间、地点状语前是否有介词是判断这两种句式的关键。
It was in the shop that I met an old friend of mine.(强调句型)
It was the shop where I met an old friend of mine.(定语从句)
3．[句型公式] 动词 ing形式作主语
(教材P3)Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
而成为小丑医生意味着我可以用娱乐人们的方式帮助他们。
句中动词 ing形式Being a clown doctor作主语。
(1)动词 ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
(2)动词 ing形式作主语时谓语动词常常使用第三人称单数。
(3)动词 ing形式作主语可以用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：
It is no use/no fun/a waste of time doing sth.
做某事没有用/没有意思/浪费时间。
It is useless/worth/worthwhile doing sth.
做某事是没有用的/是值得的。
(佳句)Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.
对于老人来说爬山确实困难。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Talking (talk) with your kid heart to heart is very important.
②Travelling along the old Silk Road is (be) an interesting and rewarding experience.
③It's no use writing (write) to him; he never answers letters.
[写美] 补全句子
④Singing is my hobby, and to sing at my friend's birthday party is my dream.
唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。
[名师指津] 动词 ing形式和动词不定式作主语的区别：
动词 ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，而动词不定式作主语则表示具体的一次性的动作。
PAGE
17(共91张PPT)
灯
素养目标
单元知识抢先知
文化意识
(主题语境：人与自我之积极的生活态度)
了解中外优秀人物
的幽默品质，学会更好地
管理自己的情绪，始终保
持愉悦的心情，以积极的
心态去面对生活，树立正
必记单词
确的人生态度。
mood
amusement
思维品质
重点短语
通过比较、分析、联
entertain
employer
系自身实际，创作并表演
in pain
幽默剧，培养自己积极乐
essential
impress
do a great job
经典句型
观的生活态度，探索幸福
的奥秘，树立积极向上的
grin
deserve
cheer up
more often than not
1.where引导非限
人生观，实现知识和思维
fame
witty
work closely with
能力的拓展与迁移。
制性定语从句
do the trick
2.强调句型：Itis/
学习能力
emotive
mischievous
long face
crack a smile
was+被强调部
核心语法
能够运用各种学习策
remark
interaction
throw light on
分+that/who+
略，结合单元提供的反思性
非限制性
和评价性问题不断监控、评
brand of
句子其他部分
spot
cruel
定语从句
价、反思和调整自己的学习
put sb.on the spot
3.动词-ing形式
内容和进程，激发英语学习
think on one's feet
whisper
roar
作主语
兴趣，提高分析和解决问题
hurry away
roar with laughter
4.不定式作表语
话题写作
的能力，提高自己的理解能
gently
illuminate
力和表达能力。
tell off
时省略to
写一篇关于喜
complicated conclude
5.完全倒装
语言能力
fall behind
剧演员的文章
单元话
题导
入
国题围
