SectionⅠ Starting out & Understanding idea
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A dragonfly barely an inch and a half long appears to be the animal world's most productive long distance traveler — flying thousands of miles over oceans as it migrates from continent to continent — according to a newly published research.
Biologists who led the study say the evidence is in the genes.They found that populations of this dragonfly, called Pantala flavescens, in Texas, eastern Canada，Japan, Korea, India, and South America, have genes so similar that there is only one likely explanation.Apparently — somehow — these insects are travelling distances that are extraordinarily long for their small size, breeding (繁殖) with each other, and creating a common worldwide gene pool.
But how do insects from different continents manage to meet and hook up？Ware says it appears to be the way their bodies have evolved.“These dragonflies have adaptations such as increased surface areas on their wings that enable them to use the wind to carry them.”
Dragonflies, in fact, have already been observed crossing the Indian Ocean from Asia to Africa.“They are following the weather，”says Daniel Troast, who analyzed the DNA samples in Ware's lab.“They're going from India where it's the dry season to Africa where it's the wet season, and apparently they do it once a year.”
Wetness is a must for Pantala to reproduce, and that, says Ware, is why these insects would be driven to even attempt such a dangerous trip, which she calls a “kind of suicide”．The species depends on it.While many will die on the route, as long as enough make it, the species survives.
For the moment, the details of this extraordinary insect travel are a best educated guess.Much more work is needed to bring many loose ends together.Ware and Troast hope that scientists can work on plotting those routes.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种长途飞行的蜻蜓Pantala flavescens。这种蜻蜓冒险长途飞行的原因是它的繁殖需要湿润的气候。
1．What proves Pantala flavescens are the world's longest distance flyers
A．Scientists have tracked the dragonfly across the world.
B．There are many Pantala flavescens in various continents.
C．The same dragonfly was found both in Asia and America.
D．Pantala flavescens in different continents have similar genes.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，领导这项研究的生物学家说基因就是证据。Pantala flavescens蜻蜓在不同的洲有可能留有后代，才会有相似的基因。反过来，在不同的洲有共同的基因，证明了它们曾飞到过那儿，也就证明了这种蜻蜓是长途飞行者。
2．What helps Pantala flavescens fly over so long distance
A．Their special body shape.
B．Their ability to use wind.
C．Their small and light bodies.
D．Their large and strong wings.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的These dragonflies have adaptations such as increased surface areas on their wings that enable them to use the wind to carry them.可知，这些蜻蜓适应性强，比如翅膀上表面积的增加，使它们能够利用风来飞行。故B项(运用风飞行的能力)正确。
3．What is necessary for Pantala flavescens to reproduce
A．Damp weather. B．Enough sunshine.
C．Dry environment. D．Warm nests.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第五段首句中的Wetness is a must for Pantala to reproduce 可知，这种蜻蜓的繁殖必须要湿润的气候。
4．What does the underlined word “it”in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The weather. B．The insect.
C．The wind. D．The trip.
解析：选D 代词指代题。根据第五段内容可知，对于这种昆虫来说，这种危险的长途飞行是自杀式行为。虽然许多昆虫会死在途中，但这种物种依靠这种长途飞行生存下来。从后面一句While many will die on the route, as long as enough make it, the species survives.可知，it指上文的危险长途飞行。
B
I can hear the sound of insects and feel autumn is nearing.This means my year of study at Nara University of Education is coming to an end.
The time I've spent here has flown by so quickly.It seems as if I came here a month ago, but in reality I have to go home soon.When I came here, I missed my family and friends back home and found it hard to overcome loneliness, but on the other hand, I was interested in the new environment and had a lot of fun.
I had visited Japan three times before coming to study at this university, but when I started living in Japan, many days were filled with a mixture of anxiety and excitement.I sometimes made silly mistakes, but I thought this was the best way to learn about Japanese culture.I was not the only one that was not accustomed to the different customs of Japanese people.
My plan before coming to Japan was to make friends with some Japanese students in universities.However, I found my best friends were those who came from other countries.I didn't know much about other countries but I came to be more interested in them through making friends from different places, which made me aware of many difference and sometimes hard to understand customs.Furthermore, I was surprised to see myself thinking more about my own culture and realised I should come to know it better.
I am really happy that I came to Nara.During my stay, I felt the closer connection between humans and nature here than in Europe.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章分享了作者在国外的学习经历。
5．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A．The author felt puzzled all the time.
B．The author adjusted to the life in Japan.
C．Many foreigners live in the city of Nara.
D．Many students like the author felt anxious.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的many days were filled with a mixture of anxiety and excitement和I was not the only one that was not accustomed to the different customs of Japanese people.可知，许多像作者这样的学生感到焦虑。
6．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Different countries.
B．Different cultures.
C．Many different places.
D．Foreign students.
解析：选A 代词指代题。根据第四段中的I found my best friends were those who came from other countries.I didn't know much about other countries but I came to be more interested in them through making friends from different places可知，作者发现他最好的朋友是来自其他国家。作者对其他国家不太了解，但通过结交来自不同地方的朋友使作者对它们更感兴趣了。由此可推知，此处them指不同的国家。
7．What do we know about the Japanese according to the text
A．They value their lives much more.
B．They are difficult to get along with.
C．They are mindful of protecting the environment.
D．Many Europeans love to make friends with them.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，日本人注意保护环境。
8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To look back on his study.
B．To call on readers to visit Nara.
C．To show the beauty of Japanese culture.
D．To share his experience of studying abroad.
解析：选D 写作意图题。根据第一段内容和最后一段内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是分享他在国外的学习经历。
C
Some houses are designed to be smart.Others have smart designs.An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects.Located on the shore of Sullivan's Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award winning cube shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane Hugo a few years ago.Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state.
Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina's shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn't strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly designed beach house.In Hugo's wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better enforced codes.The new beach house on Sullivan's Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour.
At first sight, the house on Sullivan's Island looks anything but hurricane proof.Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern” at night, according to one observer.But looks can be deceiving.The wooden frame of the house is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.
To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber (木材) pilings — long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand.Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house.They also elevate the house above storm surges.The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it.“These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beachfront buildings，” said Huff.
Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed (隐藏) by the house's ground to roof shell.“The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pants pulled up，”said Huff.In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一栋因其独特的设计而获得大奖的海滨别墅。这栋别墅既抗风防浪，又美观坚固。
9．The award winning beach house is quite strong because________.
A．it is strengthened by steel rods
B．it is made of redwood
C．it is in the shape of a shell
D．it is built with timber and concrete
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The wooden frame of the house is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.可知，别墅的木制框架用长钢条加固，这给了它额外的强度，因此非常牢固。
10．Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to ________.
A．withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr
B．anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand
C．break huge sea waves into smaller ones
D．prevent water from rushing into the house
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二至四句可知，桩基可能看起来不安全，但它们足够坚固来支撑别墅的重量。它们还能将别墅抬高到风暴潮以上。由此可知，Huff用木桩基将别墅抬高到离地面2.7米以上是为了当风暴潮来临时，风暴潮可以从别墅下面冲过去，而不会冲进别墅。
11．The main function of the shell is ________.
A．to strengthen the pilings of the house
B．to give the house a better appearance
C．to protect the wooden frame of the house
D．to slow down the speed of the swelling water
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pants pulled up可知，外壳遮盖了木桩，这样别墅看起来不会像卷起裤腿站着的样子，即外壳遮盖木桩是为了让别墅外观更美。
12．It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be________.
A．fancy looking B．waterproof
C．easily breakable D．extremely strong
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.可知，在风暴潮涌来的情况下，别墅外壳会裂开，让海浪从别墅下面冲过去。由此可以推断，外壳应该很容易破裂。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.__1__
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.__2__We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.__3__
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.__4__The synapses (突触) in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner.The team discovered that some synapses seemed to be protected and stayed the same size.__5__“You keep what matters，” Tononi says.
A．We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B．It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C．Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D．The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E．That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F．“Sleep is the price we pay for learning，”says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G．Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人和动物需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。
1．选C 根据前一句When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.可知，如果实验室里的老鼠不睡觉，一个月它们就死了。同样，人几天不睡觉，也会生病。人和动物形成对应，死和生病形成对应，故选C。
2．选E 前一句提到睡觉有助于我们加强新的记忆。所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉，他们在考试中就会表现得更好，前后为因果关系，故选E。
3．选F 根据下文中的he可知，此处要提到一个人以及他的理论，故选F。
4．选G 根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice 以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验，G项中的synapses和mice，都与他的实验有关，故选G。
5．选B 根据后一句提到的You keep what matters(你记住重要的东西)可知，大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来，前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。
PAGE
6SectionⅠ Starting out & Understanding idea
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A dragonfly barely an inch and a half long appears to be the animal world's most productive long distance traveler — flying thousands of miles over oceans as it migrates from continent to continent — according to a newly published research.
Biologists who led the study say the evidence is in the genes.They found that populations of this dragonfly, called Pantala flavescens, in Texas, eastern Canada，Japan, Korea, India, and South America, have genes so similar that there is only one likely explanation.Apparently — somehow — these insects are travelling distances that are extraordinarily long for their small size, breeding (繁殖) with each other, and creating a common worldwide gene pool.
But how do insects from different continents manage to meet and hook up？Ware says it appears to be the way their bodies have evolved.“These dragonflies have adaptations such as increased surface areas on their wings that enable them to use the wind to carry them.”
Dragonflies, in fact, have already been observed crossing the Indian Ocean from Asia to Africa.“They are following the weather，”says Daniel Troast, who analyzed the DNA samples in Ware's lab.“They're going from India where it's the dry season to Africa where it's the wet season, and apparently they do it once a year.”
Wetness is a must for Pantala to reproduce, and that, says Ware, is why these insects would be driven to even attempt such a dangerous trip, which she calls a “kind of suicide”．The species depends on it.While many will die on the route, as long as enough make it, the species survives.
For the moment, the details of this extraordinary insect travel are a best educated guess.Much more work is needed to bring many loose ends together.Ware and Troast hope that scientists can work on plotting those routes.
1．What proves Pantala flavescens are the world's longest distance flyers
A．Scientists have tracked the dragonfly across the world.
B．There are many Pantala flavescens in various continents.
C．The same dragonfly was found both in Asia and America.
D．Pantala flavescens in different continents have similar genes.
2．What helps Pantala flavescens fly over so long distance
A．Their special body shape.
B．Their ability to use wind.
C．Their small and light bodies.
D．Their large and strong wings.
3．What is necessary for Pantala flavescens to reproduce
A．Damp weather. B．Enough sunshine.
C．Dry environment. D．Warm nests.
4．What does the underlined word “it”in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The weather. B．The insect.
C．The wind. D．The trip.
B
I can hear the sound of insects and feel autumn is nearing.This means my year of study at Nara University of Education is coming to an end.
The time I've spent here has flown by so quickly.It seems as if I came here a month ago, but in reality I have to go home soon.When I came here, I missed my family and friends back home and found it hard to overcome loneliness, but on the other hand, I was interested in the new environment and had a lot of fun.
I had visited Japan three times before coming to study at this university, but when I started living in Japan, many days were filled with a mixture of anxiety and excitement.I sometimes made silly mistakes, but I thought this was the best way to learn about Japanese culture.I was not the only one that was not accustomed to the different customs of Japanese people.
My plan before coming to Japan was to make friends with some Japanese students in universities.However, I found my best friends were those who came from other countries.I didn't know much about other countries but I came to be more interested in them through making friends from different places, which made me aware of many difference and sometimes hard to understand customs.Furthermore, I was surprised to see myself thinking more about my own culture and realised I should come to know it better.
I am really happy that I came to Nara.During my stay, I felt the closer connection between humans and nature here than in Europe.
5．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A．The author felt puzzled all the time.
B．The author adjusted to the life in Japan.
C．Many foreigners live in the city of Nara.
D．Many students like the author felt anxious.
6．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Different countries.
B．Different cultures.
C．Many different places.
D．Foreign students.
7．What do we know about the Japanese according to the text
A．They value their lives much more.
B．They are difficult to get along with.
C．They are mindful of protecting the environment.
D．Many Europeans love to make friends with them.
8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To look back on his study.
B．To call on readers to visit Nara.
C．To show the beauty of Japanese culture.
D．To share his experience of studying abroad.
C
Some houses are designed to be smart.Others have smart designs.An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects.Located on the shore of Sullivan's Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award winning cube shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane Hugo a few years ago.Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state.
Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina's shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn't strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly designed beach house.In Hugo's wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better enforced codes.The new beach house on Sullivan's Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour.
At first sight, the house on Sullivan's Island looks anything but hurricane proof.Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern” at night, according to one observer.But looks can be deceiving.The wooden frame of the house is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.
To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber (木材) pilings — long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand.Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house.They also elevate the house above storm surges.The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it.“These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beachfront buildings，” said Huff.
Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed (隐藏) by the house's ground to roof shell.“The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pants pulled up，”said Huff.In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.
9．The award winning beach house is quite strong because________.
A．it is strengthened by steel rods
B．it is made of redwood
C．it is in the shape of a shell
D．it is built with timber and concrete
10．Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to ________.
A．withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr
B．anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand
C．break huge sea waves into smaller ones
D．prevent water from rushing into the house
11．The main function of the shell is ________.
A．to strengthen the pilings of the house
B．to give the house a better appearance
C．to protect the wooden frame of the house
D．to slow down the speed of the swelling water
12．It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be________.
A．fancy looking B．waterproof
C．easily breakable D．extremely strong
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.__1__
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.__2__We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.__3__
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.__4__The synapses (突触) in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner.The team discovered that some synapses seemed to be protected and stayed the same size.__5__“You keep what matters，” Tononi says.
A．We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B．It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C．Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D．The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E．That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F．“Sleep is the price we pay for learning，”says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G．Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
PAGE
6Using_language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When a leafy plant is under attack，it doesn't sit quietly.Back in 1983，two scientists，Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin，reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighbouring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.It's a plant's way of crying out.But is anyone listening Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbours react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive，the_tables_are_turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study，it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbours.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant，but the neighbours，relatively speaking，stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other Scientists don't know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches，and so，in effect，was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbours just happened to “overhear” the cry.So information was exchanged，but it wasn't a true，intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin，over 150 years ago，imagined a world far busier，noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.There's a whole lot going on.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物受到袭击时会释放出某种化学物质来保护自己并“告知”附近的植物。
1．What does a plant do when it is under attack
A．It makes noises.
B．It gets help from other plants.
C．It stands quietly.
D．It sends out certain chemicals.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighbouring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.可知，植物受到伤害时会散发出一种特殊的气味，而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质。
2．What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3
A．The attackers get attacked.
B．The insects gather under the table.
C．The plants get ready to fight back.
D．The perfumes attract natural enemies.
解析：选A 句意理解题。根据第三段中的They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.以及画线部分后的The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.可知，画线部分的意思是：袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击。
3．Scientists find from their studies that plants can ________.
A．predict natural disasters
B．protect themselves against insects
C．talk to one another intentionally
D．help their neighbours when necessary
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.和They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.可知，植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The world is changing faster than ever.
B．People have stronger senses than before.
C．The world is more complex than it seems.
D．People in Darwin's time were more imaginative.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而我们的感官却非常弱，我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知，世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂。
B
We all love animals, but animals don't feel the same way about us.When we enter their wild world, we are “unnatural” invaders into their homes.
There was a video many of you may have seen on the Internet recently of a bear and its cub (幼崽) climbing up a steep, snow covered hill in Russia.The mama bear makes it to the top without too much trouble, but the baby bear keeps sliding back down.It takes three attempts to reach the top and, no doubt, many cheered at the cub's never give up spirit.But nature scientists who saw the video didn't cheer.
Instead, the scientists were upset that the two bears had been frightened into making a dangerous, unnecessary climb by the drone that was filming them.Sophie Gilbert of the University of Idaho said, “It showed a complete lack of understanding from the drone operator of the effects his actions were having on the bears.” Other scientists have found that when a drone is hovering near, a bear's heart rate can increase from 41 beats per minute to 162 beats per minute — a high enough rate to cause a heart attack.
Human disturbance has actually been having a far reaching influence on wildlife.Researchers at the University of Berkeley recently found that many mammals are turning into “night owls” again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves, but also have numerous chain effects.
We human beings find ourselves in a strange position in nature.We are part of it but also separate from it, now more than ever, since most of us live in cities.So, when we go hiking into wild areas to “re connect” with nature, we should go softly and considerately.It's OK to get close to our animal friends, just not too close — we wouldn't want to scare them, would we 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一段熊爬雪山的视频引发了科学家们对于人类打扰野生动物生活的反思。
5．What does the video feature
A．The baby bear's climbing.
B．The mama bear's care.
C．The dangerous environment.
D．The experiment by scientists.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的of a bear and its cub (幼崽) climbing up a steep, snow covered hill以及后文具体描写的内容可知，此段视频展示的是一只母熊和它的幼崽攀爬一座陡峭的雪山的情景。
6．Why didn't nature scientists cheer
A．Because they knew the bear's family well.
B．Because they were against other scientists.
C．Because they knew the cause of the bear's climbing.
D．Because they lacked understanding of the drone operator.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，因为科学家们知道使得这两只熊攀爬雪山的原因，而且明白它们是冒着生命危险在爬山，所以才为熊的处境担忧。
7．What may be the effect of human disturbance on wildlife
A．Food shortage.
B．Changing habitats.
C．Ecological imbalance.
D．Less contact with humans.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的many mammals are turning into “night owls” again to avoid contact with humans.Such a shift might not only affect those species themselves, but also have numerous chain effects.可知，许多哺乳动物变成了“夜猫子”以避免和人类接触，而这种变化不仅影响了这个物种本身，而且还会引起一系列的连锁反应；由此可推断，人类对野生生物的干扰可能会导致生态失衡。
8．What does the author seem to agree with
A．Losing connection with nature.
B．Tightening the bond with wild animals.
C．Respecting the human animal distance.
D．Shooting more videos on animals for study.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为人类应该和动物保持一定的距离，即尊重人类和动物之间的距离。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Many years ago, I was digging a vegetable garden in my backyard.Suddenly, a large German Shepherd (德国牧羊犬) that I would call Sam ran towards me, __1__.He came through the bush from the __2__ of a new house that was being built, some 20 meters away.__3__， I ignored him and after a few more barks from Sam I realised that he needed my help.
I followed him to a swimming pool.A white toy poodle (玩具贵宾犬) was swimming around in the __4__.The water level was too far below the edge for the dog to climb out.It had no __5__ but to keep swimming until exhaustion; it would __6__ to the bottom and drown.
It swam towards me and I was able to __7__it out of the water.I took the toy poodle home, dried it off and noticed a collar __8__ a name Midge, and an address, which was a five minute walk from my home.I took Midge back to its very __9__ owners.But that was not the end of the story.
Some three weeks later, I was walking down the road when I was __10__ by two fierce dobermans (杜宾犬)．They obviously had no __11__ of letting me pass.__12__，Sam ran from behind me.Barking, he stood between the dobermans and me.He remained __13__ my four legged offenders withdrew.
After one final __14__ “woof”，Sam went back to his home, obviously believing that one good turn __15__ another.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮一只德国牧羊犬救了一只在游泳池内的玩具贵宾犬。几周后，这只德国牧羊犬在作者遇到危险时也帮了他。
1．A.circling B．jumping
C．watching D．barking
解析：选D 根据第一段最后一句中的after a few more barks from Sam可知，此处表示吠叫着朝我跑过来。
2．A.way B．course
C．direction D．form
解析：选C 此处表示从一栋正在建造的新房子的方向。from the direction of意为“从……方向”，是固定搭配。
3．A.For a while B．At a time
C．In the meantime D．On occasion
解析：选A 句意：有一会儿，我没有理会他，在Sam又吠叫了几声之后，我意识到他需要我的帮助。
4．A.fence B．pool
C．house D．garden
解析：选B 根据前文中的I followed him to a swimming pool.可知，这里指玩具贵宾犬在游泳池里游来游去。
5．A.experience B．alternative
C．motivation D．preparation
解析：选B 根据前文中的The water level was too far below the edge for the dog to climb out.可知，这只狗爬不上来，别无他法，只能不停地游。have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事。
6．A.float B．dive
C．sink D．swim
解析：选C 根据空后的to the bottom and drown可知，这只贵宾犬在游泳池内不停地游，最后只能是沉到水底被淹没。
7．A.throw B．push
C．kick D．lift
解析：选D 根据后文中的I took the toy poodle home可知，作者从水中救起了这只玩具贵宾犬，把狗带回了家。结合选项可知，此处是指从水中把它提起来。
8．A.writing B．revealing
C．bearing D．wearing
解析：选C 根据后文中的a name Midge, and an address可知，此处指带有名字和地址。
9．A.grateful B．satisfied
C．impatient D．guilty
解析：选A 作者从游泳池救起那只玩具贵宾犬，送回给它的主人，所以主人应该是很感激的。
10．A.guided B．accompanied
C．stopped D．fooled
解析：选C 根据后文中的They obviously had no __11__ of letting me pass.可知，它们不让作者过去，所以此处指作者被两只杜宾犬拦住了。
11．A.promise B．belief
C．responsibility D．intention
解析：选D 句意：显然它们没打算让我过去。have no intention of doing sth.没打算做某事。
12．A.Gradually B．Eventually
C．Immediately D．Suddenly
解析：选D 句意：突然，Sam从我身后跑了出来。
13．A.but B．until
C．as if D．now that
解析：选B 根据前文中的Barking, he stood between the dobermans and me.可知，Sam要帮作者，所以他一直待着直到那两条杜宾犬撤退。
14．A.pleasant B．impressive
C．inspiring D．friendly
解析：选D Sam帮了作者，所以此处指Sam友好的“汪汪”声。
15．A.demands B．succeeds
C．deserves D．involves
解析：选C 句意：在最后一次友好的“汪汪”声之后，Sam回到了自己的家，显然他相信好人应得好报。One good turn deserves another是谚语，意为“好人有好报；善有善报”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Some popular places to visit are built by people.Other famous places are the __1__ (create) of nature.In the northeast of the US, there was a famous rock on a high mountain __2__ looked just like an old man.__3__ (locate) in the town of Franconia, New Hampshire, he had thick hair, a big nose and a beard.People called him The Old Man of the Mountain __4__ every year more than a million people came to visit him.The Old Man of the Mountain, also known __5__ the Great Stone Face, measured 40 __6__ (foot) tall.Scientists think that the stone face had been there for about 17, 000 years.
In May 2003, there were very high winds and the temperature was very cold near The Old Man of the Mountain.The sky was so __7__ (cloud) that people couldn't see the stone face for many days.As soon as the storm was over, people looked for The Old Man but they couldn't see him.They discovered that he __8__ (fall) apart.A number of scientists climbed up, __9__ (hope) to repair the stone face.They were disappointed at __10__ they saw — the damage from the weather was just too bad.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界闻名的美国佛朗哥尼亚峡谷州立公园内的“大石脸”，也有人称它为“山上老人”。
1．creation 空处所填单词前面有冠词修饰，需用create的名词形式。
2．that/which 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词rock，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
3．Located be located in/on/at ...是固定搭配，表示“(某地)位于……”，这里是其过去分词短语作状语。
4．and 前后两句之间意义上是并列关系，用and连接。
5．as be known as 作为……而闻名，为固定搭配。
6．feet 空处所填单词前面有大于1的数词修饰，需用foot的复数形式。
7．cloudy 空处所填单词在句中作表语，需用cloud的形容词形式。
8．had fallen 从句谓语动词动作fall apart发生在主句谓语动词动作discovered之前，也就是过去的过去，应用过去完成时。
9．hoping 空处是现在分词短语作状语，分词动作hope与逻辑主语scientists之间是主动关系。
10．what 空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作saw的宾语，故填what。
PAGE
7Developing ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws.But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.
Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away.For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grass eating animals.Holly on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.
Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.Some grass may contain a sandy material；eating such grass wears down the animals' teeth.
Many plants also have chemical defenses.Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.
Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses.A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液)．A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理方法，有些采取了化学方法。
1．The leaves of the holly plant have more spines on the lower branches because most animals________.
A．are not tall enough
B．like the lower leaves only
C．are not clever enough
D．can get the lower leaves easily
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.可知，冬青树底部叶子上的刺比上部多的原因是动物更容易够到底部的叶子。
2．To defend themselves, oak trees use ________.
A．chemical means B．physical means
C．bitter chemicals D．sandy materials
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.可知，橡树的叶子又厚又硬，很难被动物吃掉。所以橡树使用的是物理方法来保护自己。故B项正确。
3．How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar
A．Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.
B．Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.
C．Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.
D．Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.可知，当毛毛虫叮咬烟叶时，烟叶会产生一种化学信使，这个信使会把信息传送到树根以分泌出更多的尼古丁来驱赶毛毛虫。
4．What would be the best title for this passage
A．Plants and Animals
B．How Plants Defend Themselves
C．Attacks and Defenses
D．How Animals Eat Plants' Leaves
解析：选B 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理方法，有些采取了化学方法。
B
There is a picture: A polar bear is lying lifeless on a beach.On the shore, in the background, stand three guards, talking to each other.One of them has a deadly weapon hanging casually on his shoulder.This powerful image has made people question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism.Does our proximity (接近) to large animals in the wild, frequently fueled by a desire for exciting images, lead to such animals becoming accustomed to human contact If that is the case, surely the losing side will end up paying the ultimate price for such proximity.
To my sorrow, I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard, and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot.The bear's death should never have happened.Was the beach examined beforehand Was there access to flares (照明弹) to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly These are standard measures for any operator.The incident is probably the result of a terrible systematic failure.
Nevertheless, the incident should not negate the value of ecotourism.In its best form, this kind of travel has very little impact, or indeed has a positive effect, on the environment where it takes place.This can be by making financial donations to conservation groups, providing income to local communities, or ensuring protection of certain areas or animals.In Svalbard，visitors become ambassadors for the endangered polar bear，increasing awareness of the fact that the far greater danger they are facing is the sea ice melt in the Arctic Ocean.
Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it perates.Simply_closing_off_these_regions_is_not_the_
answer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过分析管理人员将闯入生态旅游区域内的北极熊杀死这一事件发生的可能原因，告诉人们不要因此否定生态旅游的价值。
5．Why was the polar bear dead
A．It was probably hunted for its fur by tourists.
B．It was probably frightened to death by flares.
C．The proper procedures weren't probably followed.
D．The beach wasn't probably equipped with safety devices.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一句可推知，作者认为北极熊本来不应该被射杀，而悲剧的最终发生可能是因为海滩的管理者没有遵循应有的处理方法及程序。
6．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．Ecotourism could be developed properly.
B．Financial donations should be strongly advocated.
C．Environmental awareness has greatly increased.
D．Visitors have a guilty conscience about ecotourism.
解析：选A 段落大意题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者认为该事件不应否定生态旅游的价值，然后该段其他部分阐述了生态旅游对当地环境以及当地经济的积极影响。由此可知，第三段主要讲了生态旅游可以适当发展。
7．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest
A．More challenges haven't yet been accepted.
B．Better measures for conducting ecotourism are a good choice.
C．The environmental benefits from ecotourism are very obvious.
D．The positive effects of protecting tourists haven't yet been felt.
解析：选B 句意理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，生态旅游是一个不断扩大的市场，给当地带来了益处和挑战，并结合画线句可知，仅仅关闭这些生态旅游的区域来保护环境并不是一个很好的解决方法，由此可知，实施生态旅游的更好措施是一个不错的选择。
8．What is the purpose of the text
A．To cause readers to focus on polar bears.
B．To stimulate readers to reflect on ecotourism.
C．To stress side effects that ecotourism has caused.
D．To analyze the reason why the polar bear was killed.
解析：选B 写作意图题。文章第一段描述了一幅图片，图片中一头北极熊被猎杀；第二段分析了北极熊可能被猎杀的原因；第三段说明不能因此次事件否认生态旅游的价值并表述了生态旅游的积极影响；第四段对生态旅游作进一步的总结。由此可知，本文是为了引发读者对生态旅游的思考。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.__1__
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.__2__We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun filled holiday in the wilderness.__3__Instead, we had a pop up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
__4__We have done a lot of it since.Recently, we bought a twenty eight foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built in TV set.There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
__5__It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.
A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式。
1．选D 上文They had nothing in common with me.说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者，而下文主要描述了作者从最开始进行rough travel到有了pop up camper再到有了 trailer 的过程，在这个过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加，对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长，上下文呈转折关系，D项(然而，在那之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识)起到转折作用，引出下文，符合语境。
2．选C 根据下文We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.可知，作者的野营条件非常艰苦，C项(他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦)引出下文，符合语境。
3．选A 根据下文Instead, we had a pop up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.可知，空处是与下文形成转折的内容，作者此次旅行用了展开式营房，A项(这一次没有帐篷)与下文形成转折，符合语境。
4．选F 根据第三段第一句中的going on another fun filled holiday可知，作者对这次旅行非常满意，再根据下文We have done a lot of it since.可知，作者一家人都爱上了野营，F项(从这次旅行后，我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣)承上启下，符合语境。
5．选E 根据下文sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature可知，作者希望每个人都能找到回归自然的方式，形成这一观点的前提是他自己已经爱上了野营，E项(我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了)引出下文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友John写信邀请你在即将来临的寒假一同去非洲旅游，请你用英语给John写一封回信，告诉他你愿意前往并谈谈你对行程的建议。内容包括：
1．交通方式；
2．观光项目：自然风光、野生动物、当地风俗等；
3．邀请他拜访自己的家乡。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear John，
I'm glad to receive your letter！
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear John，
I'm glad to receive your letter！And I'm so excited to travel with you on winter vacation because I do believe Africa is a place full of magic and worth visiting.
First, we can meet in Hong Kong and then fly to Africa together.Maybe it's a good idea to rent a car there and drive through the tropical rainforest, across the grassland and the Sahara desert.This way, we can appreciate the unique natural scenery and experience the local customs in Africa.In our journey, we might as well get close to nature and see a variety of wild animals, such as giraffes, elephants and lions.
After the trip, would you like to visit my hometown
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
6Developing ideas
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws.But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.
Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away.For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grass eating animals.Holly on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.
Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.Some grass may contain a sandy material；eating such grass wears down the animals' teeth.
Many plants also have chemical defenses.Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.
Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses.A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液)．A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.
1．The leaves of the holly plant have more spines on the lower branches because most animals________.
A．are not tall enough
B．like the lower leaves only
C．are not clever enough
D．can get the lower leaves easily
2．To defend themselves, oak trees use ________.
A．chemical means B．physical means
C．bitter chemicals D．sandy materials
3．How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar
A．Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.
B．Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.
C．Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.
D．Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.
4．What would be the best title for this passage
A．Plants and Animals
B．How Plants Defend Themselves
C．Attacks and Defenses
D．How Animals Eat Plants' Leaves
B
There is a picture: A polar bear is lying lifeless on a beach.On the shore, in the background, stand three guards, talking to each other.One of them has a deadly weapon hanging casually on his shoulder.This powerful image has made people question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism.Does our proximity (接近) to large animals in the wild, frequently fueled by a desire for exciting images, lead to such animals becoming accustomed to human contact If that is the case, surely the losing side will end up paying the ultimate price for such proximity.
To my sorrow, I have recently returned from a trip to Svalbard, and indeed stood two weeks ago on the very beach where the bear was shot.The bear's death should never have happened.Was the beach examined beforehand Was there access to flares (照明弹) to scare off a bear that appeared suddenly These are standard measures for any operator.The incident is probably the result of a terrible systematic failure.
Nevertheless, the incident should not negate the value of ecotourism.In its best form, this kind of travel has very little impact, or indeed has a positive effect, on the environment where it takes place.This can be by making financial donations to conservation groups, providing income to local communities, or ensuring protection of certain areas or animals.In Svalbard，visitors become ambassadors for the endangered polar bear，increasing awareness of the fact that the far greater danger they are facing is the sea ice melt in the Arctic Ocean.
Ecotourism is an expanding market that brings benefits as well as challenges to the regions around the world in which it perates.Simply_closing_off_these_regions_is_not_the_
answer.
5．Why was the polar bear dead
A．It was probably hunted for its fur by tourists.
B．It was probably frightened to death by flares.
C．The proper procedures weren't probably followed.
D．The beach wasn't probably equipped with safety devices.
6．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．Ecotourism could be developed properly.
B．Financial donations should be strongly advocated.
C．Environmental awareness has greatly increased.
D．Visitors have a guilty conscience about ecotourism.
7．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest
A．More challenges haven't yet been accepted.
B．Better measures for conducting ecotourism are a good choice.
C．The environmental benefits from ecotourism are very obvious.
D．The positive effects of protecting tourists haven't yet been felt.
8．What is the purpose of the text
A．To cause readers to focus on polar bears.
B．To stimulate readers to reflect on ecotourism.
C．To stress side effects that ecotourism has caused.
D．To analyze the reason why the polar bear was killed.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.__1__
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.__2__We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun filled holiday in the wilderness.__3__Instead, we had a pop up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
__4__We have done a lot of it since.Recently, we bought a twenty eight foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built in TV set.There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
__5__It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.
A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
Ⅲ.应用文
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友John写信邀请你在即将来临的寒假一同去非洲旅游，请你用英语给John写一封回信，告诉他你愿意前往并谈谈你对行程的建议。内容包括：
1．交通方式；
2．观光项目：自然风光、野生动物、当地风俗等；
3．邀请他拜访自己的家乡。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear John，
I'm glad to receive your letter！
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
6Writing about a comedian
Ⅰ.阅读理解
With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia，a local zoo in New South Wales, the state which is the easiest to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.
Right within the range of a bushfire, the keepers of Mogo Wildlife Park managed to protect all 200 animals from harm after they received evacuation (撤离) orders according to reports.
Netizens were quick to react on social media and praised the bravery of the zoo keepers, as they stayed and managed to protect animals from uncontrolled fires and even sheltered some at their own house.
The 40 year old zoo keeper, Chad Staples, described the situation as the worst catastrophe, which felt like Armageddon (大决战) here.Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time including moving everything flammable (易燃的) from the area and the larger animals to safe places.
What's remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter，Staples decided to take them to his own house.
“Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms.They are safe and protected ...not a single animal is lost，” he said.
BBC news also mentioned that “there's a tiger to the back of the house”．Some media outlets highlighted the“heroic job” in their headlines.Online users also reacted with thumbs up and were glad to see all the staff and animals coming through the horrific fire.
Located in the southern coast of New South Wales, Mogo Wildlife Park houses Australia's largest collection of primates, and many different and unique animals such as zebras, giraffes, rhinos and red pandas.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。澳大利亚森林大火持续蔓延，Mogo野生动物园的饲养员们想方设法保护园内动物免遭大火侵害。
1．New South Wales hits the headlines because of ________.
A．its famous zoo
B．its endangered animals
C．the heartwarming event
D．being easy to catch fire
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的a local zoo in New South Wales ...a heartwarming story可知，位于最易着火的新南威尔士州的一家动物园以一则暖心的故事成为新闻焦点。
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Mogo Wildlife Park
A．It belongs to Chad Staples.
B．None of the animals is missing.
C．It merely holds rare animal species.
D．Extra shelters were built for emergencies.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第六段中的not a single animal is lost可知，B项(没有一只动物失踪)正确。
3．Which word can probably describe Chad Staples
A．Irresponsible. B．Considerate.
C．Selfish. D．Energetic.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，因为较小的动物需要额外的避难所，Staples决定把它们带回自己的家。由此可推知，Chad Staples是体贴的。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．The Heroic Job
B．The Horrific Fire
C．The Extinct Animals
D．The Brave Zoo Keepers
解析：选D 标题归纳题。本文主要颂扬了Mogo野生动物园的饲养员在森林大火持续蔓延之际，将较大的动物们转移到安全的地方，将较小的动物带到自己家里，从而保护它们免遭大火侵害的英勇事迹，故D项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
An old man lives in a nice cottage with a large garden.The old man is __1__pruning (修剪), watering or fertilizing his flowers all the time.The colourful flowers blossoming all year around are so well tended that every passer by cannot but stop for a __2__with admiration.One day a young__3__ went by the garden.Then, all of a sudden he found the old gardener was __4__.
Greatly shocked, the young painter __5__ that old man, asking “Why are you busy__6__these flowers which you can't see？” The blind gardener smiled, explaining，“First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I __7__ like this job.Second, while I can't see these flowers I can __8__ them.Third, I can smell the sweetness of them.And__9__ the last one, that's you.”
“Me But you don't know me.” responded the young painter.
“Yeah.But I know flowers are angels which everyone knows and would never __10__.I know many people who show __11__for life would stop by and the beauty of my garden will get them into a good __12__.In the meantime, it also gives a __13__ to me to have a word with you here and to enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.”
The old man can't see the beauty that he's created.__14__，every flower has eyes __15__ which they can see the beauty of the old man's heart.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位老人虽然失明了，可是他依然把花园照顾得很好，因为他在用心种花。
1．A.left B．kept
C．seen D．made
解析：选C 有一位老人居住在这个地方，那么整理花园就是老人做的事，他被人们看见在剪枝，浇花和施肥。
2．A.chat B．return
C．discussion D．glance
解析：选D 一年四季盛开五彩缤纷的鲜花的花园被如此精心照料，以至于每一个过路人都忍不住驻足欣赏一眼。
3．A.painter B．neighbour
C．photographer D．traveller
解析：选A 由下文the young painter可知，一天一个年轻的画家经过老人的花园。
4．A.particular B．special
C．blind D．energetic
解析：选C 由下文The blind gardener可知，老园丁是盲人。
5．A.approached B．reached
C．watched D．prevented
解析：选A 因为老人是盲人且出于对老人的尊重，所以画家靠近那位老人，去问一些问题。
6．A.planting B．watering
C．fertilizing D．tending
解析：选D 由上文well tended可知，画家问老人为何忙于照顾这些自己看不到的花儿。
7．A.easily B．really
C．accidentally D．eventually
解析：选B really确实，在本句中强调老人对工作的喜欢。
8．A.get rid of B．give a touch to
C．come up with D．have fun with
解析：选B 老人看不到花，但是可以触摸到它们，所以才能把花照顾得这么好。
9．A.without B．of
C．for D．in
解析：选C 在本句中，老人在叙述自己照顾花的第四个原因。for 对于，符合句意。
10．A.pick them up B．turn them down
C．let them down D．give them up
解析：选B 由flowers are angels可知，花朵是天使，是美丽的，所以没有人能拒绝它们。
11．A.enthusiasm B．calmness
C．kindness D．caution
解析：选A 热爱生活的人，更热爱美好的东西，所以会驻足观赏。
12．A.mood B．condition
C．place D．life
解析：选A 美丽的花园一定会给人们带来好的心情。
13．A.way B．day
C．chance D．hand
解析：选C 美丽的鲜花也给了老人和别人交谈的机会。
14．A.Therefore B．Anyway
C．However D．Besides
解析：选C 分析句子可知，前后句表示转折，所以用However。
15．A.for B．in
C．from D．with
解析：选D 分析句子可知， eyes为先行词，在后面的定语从句中应用with来搭配，表示“用，使用”。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an Art lesson.Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints.She understood why Mrs Weston asked her to sit down and got Lisa to fetch everything for her.It was always a disaster when Rachel tried to do Art!
Rachel sighed and reached out to dip her brush in some black paints and — oh, no! She knocked over the jar.The water spread across the desk and drowned the paper.Lisa called Mrs Weston to see what Rachel had done.Rachel went red in the face.She jumped to her feet to get a cloth.Her chair fell over backwards.She turned round and her paintbrush caught Lisa across the face, giving her a black moustache.Lisa was so surprised that she fell back against a wire bookstand.It came crashing down and the books went all over the floor.
How clumsy! Rachel thought as she went home on the bus.The bus stopped outside her house.She jumped up and her elbow (肘部) knocked a woman's hat right over her eyes.Oh, no! Rachel said sorry, got off and ran indoors.Mum wasn't in the kitchen but lay in bed as she caught an awful cold.Rachel offered to make a cup of tea but Mum would rather wait for Dad.Rachel sighed.She understood Mum was afraid she would spill (溅出) it.
“But would you go to Mrs Willow for some cold cure？” asked Mum.Rachel turned to the door at once.“But Rachel, Mrs Willow's house is full of beautiful things, so if she asks you to come in, you'd better say no.” Rachel sighed and ran out.
Mrs Willow was an old lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an old house.She opened the door and invited her in.Rachel said why she came and that she preferred to wait outside remembering her mother's warning.Mrs Willow insisted Rachel come inside.Rachel took a deep breath and stepped in.She looked round Mrs Willow's sitting room and saw at once why Mum had been worried.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
There were beautiful things everywhere — pretty China figures and delicate vases.
With a smile Mrs Willow comforted her, saying it had been broken before.
参考范文：
There were beautiful things everywhere — pretty China figures and delicate vases.Rachel stood very still, afraid of knocking something over.Mrs Willow handed Rachel a small brown bottle.Rachel couldn't wait to get away, feeling any minute there would be a disaster.She thanked her and turned to the door when something brushed against her leg.Rachel was so surprised that she jumped backwards.It was a cat! But her elbow hit a vase and it fell to the floor, broken.How awkward!
With a smile Mrs Willow comforted her, saying it had been broken before.Rachel sighed and stared at her.“I did, when I was young.You couldn't have been as clumsy as I was，” Mrs Willow said, her sharp blue eyes shining.“Keep telling yourself you are a swan and it will work.” Rachel doubtfully said that several times.After they cleared up the vase, they drank tea from china cups and ate cakes off delicate plates and Rachel didn't break another thing.It was a kind of magic.Rachel smiled.
PAGE
5Writing about a comedian
Ⅰ.阅读理解
With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia，a local zoo in New South Wales, the state which is the easiest to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.
Right within the range of a bushfire, the keepers of Mogo Wildlife Park managed to protect all 200 animals from harm after they received evacuation (撤离) orders according to reports.
Netizens were quick to react on social media and praised the bravery of the zoo keepers, as they stayed and managed to protect animals from uncontrolled fires and even sheltered some at their own house.
The 40 year old zoo keeper, Chad Staples, described the situation as the worst catastrophe, which felt like Armageddon (大决战) here.Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time including moving everything flammable (易燃的) from the area and the larger animals to safe places.
What's remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter，Staples decided to take them to his own house.
“Right now in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms.They are safe and protected ...not a single animal is lost，” he said.
BBC news also mentioned that “there's a tiger to the back of the house”．Some media outlets highlighted the“heroic job” in their headlines.Online users also reacted with thumbs up and were glad to see all the staff and animals coming through the horrific fire.
Located in the southern coast of New South Wales, Mogo Wildlife Park houses Australia's largest collection of primates, and many different and unique animals such as zebras, giraffes, rhinos and red pandas.
1．New South Wales hits the headlines because of ________.
A．its famous zoo
B．its endangered animals
C．the heartwarming event
D．being easy to catch fire
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Mogo Wildlife Park
A．It belongs to Chad Staples.
B．None of the animals is missing.
C．It merely holds rare animal species.
D．Extra shelters were built for emergencies.
3．Which word can probably describe Chad Staples
A．Irresponsible. B．Considerate.
C．Selfish. D．Energetic.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．The Heroic Job
B．The Horrific Fire
C．The Extinct Animals
D．The Brave Zoo Keepers
Ⅱ.完形填空
An old man lives in a nice cottage with a large garden.The old man is __1__pruning (修剪), watering or fertilizing his flowers all the time.The colourful flowers blossoming all year around are so well tended that every passer by cannot but stop for a __2__with admiration.One day a young__3__ went by the garden.Then, all of a sudden he found the old gardener was __4__.
Greatly shocked, the young painter __5__ that old man, asking “Why are you busy__6__these flowers which you can't see？” The blind gardener smiled, explaining，“First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I __7__ like this job.Second, while I can't see these flowers I can __8__ them.Third, I can smell the sweetness of them.And__9__ the last one, that's you.”
“Me But you don't know me.” responded the young painter.
“Yeah.But I know flowers are angels which everyone knows and would never __10__.I know many people who show __11__for life would stop by and the beauty of my garden will get them into a good __12__.In the meantime, it also gives a __13__ to me to have a word with you here and to enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.”
The old man can't see the beauty that he's created.__14__，every flower has eyes __15__ which they can see the beauty of the old man's heart.
1．A.left B．kept
C．seen D．made
2．A.chat B．return
C．discussion D．glance
3．A.painter B．neighbour
C．photographer D．traveller
4．A.particular B．special
C．blind D．energetic
5．A.approached B．reached
C．watched D．prevented
6．A.planting B．watering
C．fertilizing D．tending
7．A.easily B．really
C．accidentally D．eventually
8．A.get rid of B．give a touch to
C．come up with D．have fun with
9．A.without B．of
C．for D．in
10．A.pick them up B．turn them down
C．let them down D．give them up
11．A.enthusiasm B．calmness
C．kindness D．caution
12．A.mood B．condition
C．place D．life
13．A.way B．day
C．chance D．hand
14．A.Therefore B．Anyway
C．However D．Besides
15．A.for B．in
C．from D．with
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was an Art lesson.Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints.She understood why Mrs Weston asked her to sit down and got Lisa to fetch everything for her.It was always a disaster when Rachel tried to do Art!
Rachel sighed and reached out to dip her brush in some black paints and — oh, no! She knocked over the jar.The water spread across the desk and drowned the paper.Lisa called Mrs Weston to see what Rachel had done.Rachel went red in the face.She jumped to her feet to get a cloth.Her chair fell over backwards.She turned round and her paintbrush caught Lisa across the face, giving her a black moustache.Lisa was so surprised that she fell back against a wire bookstand.It came crashing down and the books went all over the floor.
How clumsy! Rachel thought as she went home on the bus.The bus stopped outside her house.She jumped up and her elbow (肘部) knocked a woman's hat right over her eyes.Oh, no! Rachel said sorry, got off and ran indoors.Mum wasn't in the kitchen but lay in bed as she caught an awful cold.Rachel offered to make a cup of tea but Mum would rather wait for Dad.Rachel sighed.She understood Mum was afraid she would spill (溅出) it.
“But would you go to Mrs Willow for some cold cure？” asked Mum.Rachel turned to the door at once.“But Rachel, Mrs Willow's house is full of beautiful things, so if she asks you to come in, you'd better say no.” Rachel sighed and ran out.
Mrs Willow was an old lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an old house.She opened the door and invited her in.Rachel said why she came and that she preferred to wait outside remembering her mother's warning.Mrs Willow insisted Rachel come inside.Rachel took a deep breath and stepped in.She looked round Mrs Willow's sitting room and saw at once why Mum had been worried.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
There were beautiful things everywhere — pretty China figures and delicate vases.
With a smile Mrs Willow comforted her, saying it had been broken before.
PAGE
5
