2022年中考英语专题复习--形容词和副词课件24张

(共24张PPT)
九年级总复习
形容词和副词
形容词和副词
一、形容词，用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。
词类 功能 例 句
形容词 定语 English is an important subject.英语是一门重要的学科。
There is nothing important in the newspaper today.
今天报纸上没什么重要的新闻。
表语 His advice is quite useful. 他的建议十分有用。
宾语补足语 The good news made the children very happy.那则好消息使孩子们非常高兴。
主语 The good are happy. 善者长乐。
宾语 We should respect the old and love the young.我们应该尊老爱幼。
形容词和副词
二、副词，用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
词类 功能 例 句
副词 状语 It’s raining heavily. 雨下得很大。
You are quite right. 你非常正确。
定语 All the students here come from Japan. 这里所有的学生都来自日本。
表语 My uncle has been away for two months. 我叔叔已离开两个月了。
宾语补足语 It’s cold outside. Let all the children in.
外面很冷，让所有孩子都进来吧。
形容词和副词
三、副词分类
1. 时间副词：now, then, today, yesterday, tomorrow, tonight, already, early.
2. 地点副词：here, there, home, away, somewhere, everywhere.
3. 频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never.
4. 程度副词：almost, enough, even, hardly,just, much, quite, very, so, too.
5. 方式副词：well, hard, alone, slowly, badly, carefully,quickly.
6. 疑问副词：how, when, where, why.
7. 其他副词：too, also, either, neither, nor, only, maybe, perhaps.
形容词和副词
四、词义辨析：
1. 常作表语而不作定语的形容词有：
alive(活着的), awake(醒着的), asleep(睡着的),
afraid(害怕的), well(健康的), ill(生病的)。
2. 以“ed”结尾的形容词在句中通常修饰人，说明人的感受；
以“ing”结尾的形容词在句中通常修饰事物，说明事物的性质。例：
This is an interesting story. 这是一个有趣的故事。
I’m interested in the story. 我对这个故事感兴趣。
形容词和副词
序号 例 词 意 义
1 bored 厌倦的；烦闷的
boring 令人厌倦的
2 embarrassed 窘迫的；害羞的
embarrassing 使人害羞的
3 excited 激动的；兴奋的
exciting 令人激动的；使人兴奋的
4 interested 感兴趣的
interesting 有趣的
5 relaxed 放松的；自在的
relaxing 令人放松的
6 surprised 感到惊讶的
surprising 令人惊讶的
7 tired 感到疲倦的
tiring 令人疲倦的
形容词和副词
3.“the + 形容词”表示一类人或事物。例：the old(老人), the rich(富人)。
4. 有些形容词在形式上像副词。例：
friendly(友好的), lonely(孤独的), lively(生气勃勃的), lovely(可爱的)。
5. It’s + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth.句型。
当形容词是指做事怎么样时，用for；当形容词是指人怎么样时，用of。例：
(1) It’s important for us to learn English. 学英语对我们来说是重要的。
(2) It’s kind of you to help me. 你能帮助我真是太好了。
形容词和副词
6. enough作形容词，意为“足够的；充分的”，修饰名词，要放在所修饰名词之前；
enough作副词，意为“足够地；充分地”，用来修饰形容词或副词，要放在所修
饰的形容词或副词之后。例：
( B ) He did not write , though he had .
A. careful enough; enough time B. carefully enough; enough time
C. enough careful; enough time D. enough carefully; time enough
形容词和副词
7. alone，副词，表示“单独，独自”，强调客观原因；
lonely，形容词，表示“孤独，寂寞”，强调主观伤感色彩。例：
The old man lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.
那位老人独自生活，但他并不感到寂寞。
8. quite,相当；very,非常；都是副词。与形容词一起修饰可数名词单数时的语序为：
quite + a/an + adj. + n. = a + very + adj. + n.
He is quite a handsome boy. = He is a very handsome boy.
他是一个很帅的男孩。
形容词和副词
9. so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。
(1) 修饰单数可数名词的语序为：
so + adj. + a（an） + n. = such + a（an） + adj. + n.
She is so beautiful a girl. = She is such a beautiful girl.
(2) 后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用such，而不能用so。例：
such beautiful flowers, such clever children
(3) 复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little修饰时，只能用so而不能用
such，这是一种固定用法。例：
so many books, so few people, so much money, so little milk
形容词和副词
五、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则变化
形容词和副词
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est tall short slow taller shorter slower tallest
shortest
slowest
以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st fine late finer later finest
latest
重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big thin fat bigger thinner fatter biggest
thinnest
fattest
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est easy funny early easier funnier earlier easiest
funniest
earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most beautiful interesting comfortably more beautiful more interesting more comfortably most beautiful most interesting most comfortably
形容词和副词
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
形容词和副词
2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
等级 用 法 例 句
比较级 表示两者（人或事物）的比较。在“比较级 + than”的句型中，当than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该动词或助动词可以省略。 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
You know more about yourself than I (do).
He works much harder than me.
最高级 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用of(in)短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省去。 Screen City is the best theater in town.
Who sings (the) most beautifully of the three
My cousin Li Jing is the funniest person I know.
形容词和副词
3. 同级比较
(1) 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用“as + 形容词或副词原形 + as”的句型。例：
English is as important as math. 英语与数学同样重要。
Tom runs as fast as Sam. 汤姆跑得与萨姆同样快。
(2) 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so + 形容词或副词原形 + as”句型。例：
He isn’t as tall as me. 他不如我高。
He doesn’t play basketball as well as me. 他篮球打得没有我好。
形容词和副词
4. 形容词比较级应用中应注意的问题：
(1) 形容词比较级前可以加程度副词修饰。
常用程度副词：a little, much, a bit, a lot, even.
(2) 形容词比较级前可以加数量词组修饰。
His father is two years older than his mother.
This street is one hundred meters longer than that one.
(3) 形容词比较级前可以加倍数的词组修饰。
This book is twice bigger than that one.
This bridge is three times longer than that one.
形容词和副词
(4) 形容词比较级要避免与自身进行比较。
比较级 + than any other + 单数名词,表示“比其他任何……都……”
Tom is taller than any other student in the class.
Peter is heavier than any other student in the class.
(5) 惯用结构：比较级 + and + 比较级，表示“越来越……”
I am becoming heavier and heavier.
The city is becoming more and more beautiful.
形容词和副词
(6) the + 比较级，the + 比较级。表示“越……，就越……”
The more, the better.
The sooner, the better.
(7) the + 比较级 + of the two，表示“两个中比较……的”
The apple is the bigger of the two.
The pen is the nicer of the two.
形容词和副词
5. 修饰比较级时常见的错误
(1) more不可修饰比较级，但much可以用来加强比较级，意为"……的多，更……"
He looks more younger than I. (×)
He looks much younger than I. (√)
(2) 比较的对象或范围出现错误。
　　The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. (×)
北京的天气比上海冷。（比较的对象应该是上海的天气，而不是上海）
The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. (√)
China is larger than any country in Asia. (×)
（出现了逻辑上的错误。中国就是亚洲的一个国家，应当排除在外。）
　　China is larger than any country in Africa. (√) 中国比非洲的任何国家都大。
　　China is larger than any other country in Asia. (√) 中国比亚洲的其他任何国家都大。
形容词和副词
6. 形容词最高级的常用表达：
(1) the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级，表示“第几最……”。例：
The Yangtze River is the third longest river in the world.
长江是世界第三长河。
(2) one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，表示“最……的……之一”。例：
Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers.
周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一。
形容词和副词
( B )1. -Who is older, you or your friend
-Of course, my friend. He’s older than me.
A. very B. much C. too D. quite
( B )2. -Jim never eats junk food.
-Neither do I. That’s probably why I’m becoming now.
A. healthy and weak B. healthier and healthier
C. weaker and weaker D. more and more healthily
( C )3. My mother is hard-working. she does for my family, she feels.
A. More; happier B. The much; the happy
C. The more; the happier D. The most; the happier
( D )4. -Do you know Shanghai is one of in the world
-Yes, it’s bigger than city in China.
A. the biggest city; any B. the biggest cities; any
C. the biggest city; any other D. the biggest cities; any other
( D )5. Han Mei is my friend. She is outgoing than me.
A. a little B. much C. a little much D. much more
形容词和副词
( A )6. -What do you have to do besides the room at home
-I have to take out the rubbish.
A. else; cleaning B. else; clean C. other; cleaning D. other; clean
( A )7. -Which is the longest river in China, the Yangtze River or the Yellow River
-The Yangtze River. The Yellow River is river in China.
A. the second longest B. the second longer C. a second longest D. the second long
( A )8. We have homework to do, so we are busy today.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; many too D. many too; too many
( A )9. -In English study, reading is more important than speaking, I think.
-I don't agree. Speaking is reading.
A. as important as B. so important as C. the most important D. the same as
( A )10.-Who sings in your class -Kate does.
A. most beautifully B. most beautiful C. more beautifully D. more beautiful
形容词和副词
( C )11.-Mom, could you buy me a dress like this, please
-Of course. We can buy a one than this, but it.
A. better; better than B. worse; as good as
C. cheaper; as good as D. more important; not as good as
( B )12.-Which subject do you prefer, math or English
-Both. I think math is English.
A. as boring as B. as interesting as C. better than D. less interesting than
( B )13.-Next Monday is our mother’s birthday. Let’s buy some cards for her.
-Why not make some ourselves It will be much .
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
( B )14.-Time is money.-But I think time is money.
A. as important as B. more important than
C. the most important D. less important as
( A )15.Mike is , but his brother Sam is much .
A. heavy; heavier B. heavy; heaviest
C. heavier; heaviest D. heavier; the heaviest
形容词和副词
( A )16.-How ________ Li Ming writes!-Yes, he is the ________ in our class.
A. carefully; most careful B. careful; most careful
C. carefully; careful D. careful; careful
( A )17.-Peter is than you, right -Yes, but he runs in our class.
A. heavier; fastest B. heavy; the fastest C. heavier; faster D. heavy; faster
( C )18.-These mooncakes are delicious.-Yes.But I think the ones with nuts are of all.
A. delicious B. more delicious C. the most delicious D. the delicious
( D )19.-Why are you so , Mei Mei
-Because of the news! I failed the test again!
A. frustrated; frustrated B. frustrating; frustrating
C. frustrating; frustrated D. frustrated; frustrating
( B )20.-Mike plays the piano so wonderfully!
-Of course. He is than any other student in his class.
A. talented B. more talented C. less talented D. the most talented