2022年中考专题复习--介词课件30张

(共30张PPT)
九年级总复习
介 词
介 词
一、时间介词
1. at, on, in.
(1) at,表示时间点。如：at 8:30。还用于一些固定搭配中，例：at noon, at night。
(2) on,常用在星期、具体的日期及某一天的上午、 下午、晚上前,例：
on Sunday, on June 1st, on Saturday evening,
on the afternoon of May 2nd, on a cold morning.
(3) in常用在年、月、季节或泛指的上午、下午、晚上前。例:
in 2020, in June, in summer, in the morning.
介 词
2. since,for.
“since + 具体的过去时间点/时间段 + ago ”, “for + 一段时间”，常用于现在完成时。例：
I have had the bike since three years ago.
= I have had the bike for three years.
我买这辆自行车三年了。
介 词
3. after, before.
(1) after(在……以后)表示在某一时间点、时间段或事件过去之后，例：
Shall we go for a walk after supper 晚饭后我们去散步好吗？
(2) before(在……以前)后只能接表示时间点的名词或数词，例：
Please wash your hands before meals. 饭前请洗手。
介 词
4. in, after.
(1) in，是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”，常用于一般将来时，
用how soon提问。例：
He will be back in two days. 他两天以后回来。
(2) after，常指以过去时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”，常用于一般过去时，
用when提问。例：
He left on Monday and arrived in Beijing after three days.
他星期一离开，三天之后到达了北京。
介 词
5. “until + 时间点”表示“某动作延续到该时间为止”。
(1) 在肯定句中，谓语动词要用延续性动词；例：
I waited there until midnight. 我在那儿一直等到午夜。
(2) 句子中的谓语动词若是非延续性动词，常用其否定形式，“not … until … ”(直到……才……)，例：
He didn’t go to bed until 11 o’clock last night. 昨晚他直到11点才睡觉。
介 词
6. “by + 时间点”表示“到……时间为止”。
(1) 如果是将来的时间点，句子时态应用将来完成时。例：
We will have learned 500 words by the end of this term.
到这个学期末，我们将学会500个单词。
(2) 如果是过去的时间点，句子时态应用过去完成时。例：
He had read three novels by last month.
截止到上个月，他已经读了三本小说了。
介 词
7. “during + 时间段”与延续性动词连用，表示在这一段时间内的动作。例：
He lives with us during these years. 这些年他跟我们住在一起。
介 词
用时间介词in, on, at, since, after, for填空。
1. There will be a soccer game on the morning of June 15
2. We have an English class on Monday morning.
3. It's five years since he left school.
4. Our school has a school trip in October.
5. I’m going to America in spring.
6. I usually go to go shopping in the morning.
7. He usually gets up at six o’clock on Sundays.
8. He returned after a month.
9. He has lived here for 2 weeks.
10. He has lived here since 2 weeks ago.
介 词
二、方位介词
1. at, in.
(1) at 后通常接较小的地点，例：at home 在家, at the bus stop 在公共汽车站。
(2) in 后通常接较大的地点，例：in China 在中国, in the world 在世界上。
介 词
2. in, on, to.
(1) in 表示在某一范围内部；例：Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。
(2) on 表示接壤；例：North Korea is on the east of China. 朝鲜在中国东面。
(3) to 表示不在范围内，也不接壤。例：Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国东面。
Japan lies to the east of China in the east of Asia. It faces the Pacific on the east.日本在亚洲东部(范围内)，中国东面(不接壤)，东临太平洋(接壤)。
介 词
3. on, over, above.
(1) on 表示“在……上面”，两者相互接触。例：
There are some books on the desk. 书桌上有一些书。
(2) over 表示“在……正上方”，其反义词是under。例：
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
(3) above 表示“在……上方(不一定垂直)”，其反义词是below。例：
The light is above the desk. 灯在书桌上方。
介 词
4. in front of, in the front of.
(1) in front of = before 表示“在……之前”，指在某个范围之外的前面。
其反义词为behind。例：
There is a big tree in front of my house. 在我家门前有一棵大树。
Jim sits behind Tom. 吉姆坐在汤姆的后面。
(2) in the front of 表示“在……前面”，指在某个范围之内的前面。
其反义词组at the back of。例：
Kate sits in the front of the classroom. 凯特坐在教室的前面。
There is a blackboard at the back of the classroom. 教室后面有一块黑板。
介 词
5. by, beside, near, next to.
(1) by和beside都表示“在……旁边”，常可互换，但by多指“倚、靠、沿着”。例：
Li Lei is standing by/beside the window. 李雷站在窗户旁。
(2) near表示“在……附近”，表示的距离比by和beside稍远些。例：
Don’t play near the road. 不要在马路附近玩。
(3) next to表示“紧挨着”，离物体的距离比near近。例：
Peter sits next to Tom. 彼得紧挨着汤姆坐着。
介 词
6. between, among.
(1) between表示“在两者之间”，例：
Can you tell me the differences between the two words
你能告诉我这两个单词之间的区别吗？
(2) among表示“在三者或三者以上之间”，例：
Mr. Wang is standing among the students.
王老师正站在学生们中间。
介 词
7. across,through.
(1) across，横过，穿过，表示从物体表面的一边到另一边。例：
He can swim across the river. 他能游过这条河。
(2) through, 穿过，表示从物体空间的内部穿过。例：
It’s hard to go through the forest. 穿过这片森林很难。
介 词
三、方式介词
1. 表示交通方式：by, in, on.
(1) “by + 交通工具名词”表示“乘坐某种交通工具”，交通工具名词用单数形式，
且其前不加任何冠词。例：
Jenny goes to school by bike. 珍妮骑自行车去上学。
Mr. Green goes to work by car. 格林先生开车去上班。
(2) 用in和on时，交通工具名词前要加冠词或形容词性物主代词。例：
I will go there in my father’s car. 我将坐爸爸的车去那儿。
She will leave on an early train. 她将乘坐早班火车离开。
介 词
2. 表示使用手段或工具：by, in, with, on.
(1) by表示通过某种方式或手段，后跟名词或动名词。如果宾语是名词，则名词要用单数，且其前不加任何冠词。例：
This pair of shoes is made by hand. 这双鞋是手工制作的。
(2) in表示使用某种语言，穿某种颜色的衣服。例：
What’s this in English 这个用英语怎么说？
That girl is in red. 那个女孩穿着红色的衣服。
(3) with后接工具。例：
I often do my homework with a pen. 我经常用钢笔做作业。
(4) on后接电子通讯设备。例：
They often chat on the phone. 他们通常通过电话聊天。
介 词
用介词 by, in, with, on 填空
1. Do you usually go to work on foot or by bike
2. Mary is talking on the phone with her friend
3. Alice is repairing his toy car with a hammer(铁锤).
4. We go to school by bus every day.
5. Please answer my questions in English.
介 词
四、其他介词
1. on,in.
(1) in the tree, 指外来物在树上；on the tree, 指自生物在树上。例：
There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
There are many apples on the tree. 树上有许多苹果。
(2) on the wall, 在墙表面上；in the wall, 镶在墙里面。例：
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅画。
There is a window in the wall. 墙上有一扇窗。
介 词
2. besides,except, but.
(1) besides,“除……之外，还有……”，（表示肯定，是递进关系）
Besides Mr. Liu, some people ran to help the old man.
除了刘老师，还有几个人跑过去帮那位老人。
(2) except,“除……之外，其余都……”，所修饰的人或物被排除在外，不与大多数一致。
All the students went to the park except Jack.
除杰克外，其余的学生都去了公园。
(3) nothing(nobody) but … ，“除……之外，不再有什么”。
There is nothing but an old book in the box.
箱子里除了一本旧书外别无他物。
介 词
五、介词短语
(一) 介词 + 名词
1. at birth 出生时 2. at home 在家
3. at present 现在 4. at school 在学校
5. at work 上班；在工作 6. at the moment 此刻
7. at the same time 同时 8. on duty 值日
9. on foot 步行 10. on holiday 度假
11. on sale 降价出售 12. on time 准时
介 词
13. on vacation 度假 14. on weekends 在周末
15. in class 在课堂上 16. in danger 在危险中
17. in English 用英语 18. in fact 事实上；实际上
19. in person 亲身；亲自 20. in public 公开地
21. in silence 沉默；无声 22. in time 及时
23. in the end 最后 24. in total 总共；合计
介 词
(二) 动词 + 介词
1. agree with 赞同；持相同意见 2. arrive at/in 到达
3. ask for 要求；请求 4. belong to 属于
5. care about 担心；关心 6. care for 关心；照顾
7. deal with 处理；应付 8. depend on 视……而定；决定于
9. get on 上车 10. get off 下车
11. hear about/of 听说 12. laugh at 嘲笑；取笑
介 词
13. learn from 向……学习 14. listen to 听
15. look after 照顾；照看 16. look at 看；朝……看
17. look for 寻找；寻求 18. look through 浏览
19. shout at 冲……大声叫嚷 20. shout to 对……大声喊叫
21. take after 与……相像 22. talk about 谈论
23. think of 思考；考虑 24. wait for 等候；等待
25. worry about 担心
介 词
(三) be + 形容词 + 介词
1. be afraid of 害怕 2. be bad for 对……有害
3. be busy with 忙于 4. be different from 与……不同
5. be good at 擅长于…… 6. be good with 善于应付……的
7. be good for 对……有利 8. be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻
9. be harmful to 对……有害 10. be interested in 对……感兴趣
11. be late for 迟到 12. be known for 以……闻名；为人知晓
13. be proud of 为……骄傲 14. be responsible for 对……有责任
15. be similar to 与……相像的 16. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
17. be thirsty for 渴望；渴求
介 词
( D )1．-When did your pen pal arrive _______ Beijing
-He got here_______ the morning of the 9th of June.
A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on
( B )2．-Would you like some coffee
-Yes, and please get me some milk, too. I prefer coffee ______ milk.
A. to B. with C. then D. of
( C )3．We all think is kind you to give your seat to a young lady with
a baby in her arms yesterday.
A．that, for B．it, for C．it, of D．that, of
( D )4．-Please look _______ the pictures above and answer my questions.-Yes, sir.
A. on B. over C. up D. at
( D )5. -Look! There is a hole the wall.The mouse must run away from here.
-I think so. If there is not a picture the hole, we can easily find it.
A. in; in the front of B. on; in the front of
C. on; in front of D. in; in front of
介 词
( D )6．-Did you study any other foreign language _______ English when you were at college
-Yes,I studied three．But I have forgotten all _____ a few words of each．
A. besides; besides B. but; except C. except; except D. besides; except
( C )7. -Do you know the student ________ David and Jack -Yeah. It’s Jim.
A. among B. in C. between D. around
( C )8. -What did he have breakfast this morning
-He got up late so he hurried to school breakfast.
A. for; after B. at; after C. for; without D. at; with
( B )9. -It’s too late. I have to go now.
-Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t leave it stops.
A. since B. until C. while D. when
( C )10.-Would you like some tea, please
-Yes, and I prefer tea some sugar.
A. to B. for C. with D. from
介 词
( C )11. There are some apples ______ the tree and some birds are singing _______ the tree.
A. on; on B. in; on C. on; in D. in; in
( A )12. -I'm thirsty. I’d like a glass of orange juice. What about you, Dad
-I prefer a cup of coffee _______ nothing in it.
A. with B. without C. for D. to
( B )13. My mother says my friend is similar ____ me, but I think she is different ____ me.
A. as; from B. to; from C. to; to D. as; to
( B )14. In winter, the temperature in Harbin often remains _______ zero all day.
A. above B. below C. over D. under
( C )15. -How long have you lived in the new flat
-________ 2010.
A．In B．After C．Since D．Before
介 词
( B )16. -I left my keys in the room yesterday. I had to get in _____ the window.
-It's dangerous to do that.
A．in B．through C．over D．to
( B )17. -Could you tell me the way _______ the railway station？
-Go along this road and soon you'll find it.
A．at B．to C．in D．between
( B )18. -When is Lang Lang’s concert
-It’s three o’clock the afternoon of December 18th.
A. at; in B. at; on C. on; in D. in; on
( D )19. -Could you please provide us some information about the accident
-Sure. It happened the morning of June 5th.
A. to; on B. for; in C. with; in D. with; on
( B )20. -You have been here a month. Don’t you miss your parents
-Yes, I plan to come back home a month.
A. in; in B. for; in C. for; after D. after; after