(共37张PPT)
灯Unit 1 RELATIONSHIPS
核心单词 1.host vt. 主办；做……的东道主 n. 主人；主持人2．grateful adj. 感激的，感谢的3．lack vt.& vi. 缺乏4．drag vt. 拖，拉5．worthwhile adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的6．handle vt. 处理(难题)；应付(局面)7．raise vt. 提出，提起8．delay vi.& vt. 推迟，延期9．bend vi.& vt. 弯腰；俯身10．sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的11．deadline n. 截止日期，最后期限12．principle n. 原则；行为准则13．politics n. 政治，政治活动 Ⅰ.根据语境和汉语提示写出正确词1．It is easier to fight for one's principle (原则) than to live up to them.2．In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topics, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics (政治)．3．You should learn how to handle (处理) the problems it has caused.4．The smile on her face made it all worthwhile (值得的)．5．He didn't raise (提起) the subject again.6．At last feeling very upset and sensitive (敏感的), Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country.
拓展单词 1.practical adj. 实际的；实践的；切实可行的→practise v．练习，训练→practice n. 练习，训练2．access n．进入；接触的机会→accessible adj. 可接近的3．educationalist n．教育(学)家→education n. 教育→educate v．教育→educator n. 教育工作者4．confidence n. 信心→confident adj. 有信心的5．prepare v．准备→preparation n．准备6．associate vt.与某人交往→association n．交往；联系7．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的→desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地8．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；不满9．appointment n．约定；约会→appoint v．约定；约会；任命；委派10．explain v．解释→explanation n. 解释 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．The data in the computer are accessible, so you may have access to them freely.(access)2．He has just been appointed to the position of Export Manager for the company.He will have an appointment with his first foreign customers tonight.(appointment)3．The man in the river desperately (desperate) tried to reach the side.4．The object of educator is to prepare the young to educate themselves throughout their lives.(educate)5．He is preparing for the exam，while his brother is making preparations for the sports meeting.(prepare)6．In western countries，the number of 13 usually associates with bad luck，but actually, there isn't any association between them.(associate)
重点短语 1.for the first time初次，第一次2．pour into 投入(倒)……于某物3．a couple of 一些，几个；一双，一对4．used to 过去经常，曾经5．associate with 与某人交往6．obsess over 对……过分担心7．chatter away 喋喋不休8．on behalf of sb 代表某人9．take up 占据10．in contrast to ... 对比 Ⅲ.选用左栏短语的适当形式填空1．I used to do that when you were a little girl, remember 2．For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.3．The glass will crack if you pour hot water into it.4．I suggested choosing some students to see him on behalf of the whole class.5．He inspired many young people to take up the sport.6．I like to associate with others, so it is convenient for me to do the job well.
经典句式 1.if only后用虚拟语气Sometimes I think, if only (要是……就好了) I could call him and ask for his opinion!2．分数表示法According to research, over two thirds (三分之二) of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”．3．感叹句What a wonderful friend (多么棒的朋友) you've had!4．find的复合结构I found it all so boring and difficult(都很无聊和困难)．5．序数词后常用不定式作定语If you're one of my 500 friends online, you'll always be the first to know (第一个知道)．6．it作形式主语It's funny that (有趣的是) my friends and I chatter away online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet. Ⅳ.佳句仿写 1．It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.人人一看便知那个孩子受过虐待。2．About two thirds of adults consult their doctor at least once a year.约有三分之二的成年人至少每年就医一次。3．If only I could have helped put matters right.要是我当时能帮着把错误纠正过来就好了。4．She was the first to reach the goal.她第一个到达终点。5．I found it hard to get to sleep last night.我发现昨晚很难入眠。6．How difficult the question is to answer!这个问题回答起来真难！
[即时演练]
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Only when we put these rules into effect can we build a harmonious (harmony) society.
2．Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate (consider) behavior.
3．China has made admirable (admire) achievements in scientific field.
4．Whether you're declining an invitation to a party or turning down a new project at work, you can say no while still being respectful (respect)．
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．The painter carefully drew the facial expression of the figure to reveal his personality.
画家对人物面部作了极为精细的刻画，展现了他的个性。
2．Make the time to meet, to pray and to communicate with each other.
花时间见面、祷告和彼此沟通。
3．I want to have words with those two girls at the back of the class.
我要教训一下坐在教室后排的那两个女生。
4．We share the same feelings and cooperate closely with each other.
我们之间感情是很融洽的，工作关系是非常协调的。
背景阅读
青春期是男孩和女孩开始表现出更大独立性的时期。在这个时期父母如何处理好和孩子们之间的关系是非常重要的。一个主要的长期方法是帮助他们发展更有效的沟通。
Adolescence is a time when boys and girls begin to show greater independence from their parents.It is also a time when young people begin to develop the sense of individuality that will help shape their future identity as adults.① In fact, showing independence and forming a unique identity are two of the most important developmental tasks that adolescents must finish in preparation for satisfying and productive adult lives.②
It is not easy for parents or teenagers to go smoothly through this period.Adolescents want to be independent of their parents and make their own decisions.They often do not recognize their need for adults' guidance and support.
However, some parents find it easy to keep the lines of communication open with an adolescent child.These parents are often stable sources of positive influence, and the teen feels supported in his or her growing munication in such families characterized by mutual respect and the ability to freely exchange feelings and ideas.Parents who understand their teenager's need for a reasonable measure of independence and individuality encourage their child's growth and achievements.This positive interest strengthens parent child relationships.When adolescents receive parental approval and believe that parents really value their accomplishments, it creates a willingness to share other information about themselves.③
Many parents find it difficult to have open communication with their child.They have difficulty understanding the changes their teenager is experiencing and pay little attention to his or her need to pull away from the family and make independent decisions.④At the same time, some teenagers are so self focused that they do not appreciate or accept their parents' concern, and they are against all parental authority.In this case, frequent arguments may develop.
Parents and teenagers may separate from one another to avoid arguments, but this is usually a short term solution.A major long term method is to help them develop more effective communication.
1．What contributes to teenagers hoping to be independent
A．Developing unique characters.
B．Talking with their parents openly.
C．Having a different identity from children.
D．Preparing themselves for good adult lives.
答案：D
2．Why is it hard for parents to get along with teenagers
A．Teenagers tend to make their own decision.
B．Teenagers always depend on their parents.
C．Parents understand teenagers' changes.
D．Parents focus on their own work.
答案：A,
1．individuality n． 个体
2．mutual adj. 相互的
3．authority n. 权威
①句意：这也是年轻人开始培养个性意识的时期，这种个性意识将帮助他们形成未来作为成年人的身份。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中when和that都引导定语从句。
②句意：事实上，展现独立和形成独特的身份是青少年必须完成的两个最重要的发展任务，以便为令人满意的和富有成效的成年生活做准备。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中that引导定语从句；主句中showing independence and forming a unique identity作主语。
③句意：当青少年得到父母的认可并相信父母真的重视他们的成就时，就会产生一种分享关于自己其他信息的意愿。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句；it是代词，指代上文中的内容。
④句意：他们很难理解他们的孩子正在经历的变化，也很少注意到他或她需要从家庭中抽身出来，做出独立的决定。
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中their teenager is experiencing是定语从句，先行词为changes；主句中动词have与pay为并列谓语动词；pull away from the family与make independent decisions为并列不定式部分，修饰名词need。
时事阅读
气候变化加剧亚洲水的短缺。
A new study led by MIT researchers takes a creative approach to modeling the effects of both climate change and economic growth on Asia.
To examine the risk of water shortages on the continent, the researchers conducted detailed simulations of many reasonable economic and climate pathways for Asia in the future, evaluating the relative effects of both pathways on water supply and demand.① By studying cases in which economic change (or growth) continues but the climate remains unchanged — and vice versa — the scholars could better identify the extent to which these factors cause water shortages.
The MIT based team found that with no limitations in economic growth and climate change, an additional 200 million people across Asia would face severe water shortages by 2050.However, fighting climate change along the lines of the 2015 Paris Agreement would reduce by around 60 million the number of people facing severe water problems.
But even with worldwide efforts to limit climate change, there is a 50 percent chance that around 100 million people in southern and eastern Asia will experience a 50 percent increase in “water stress” — their inability to access safe water—and a 10 percent chance that water shortages will double for those people.
“We do find that the lessening strategy can reduce the serious risk of water stress in Asia，” say Adam Schlosser and Xiang Gao.② “But it doesn't solve it all.”
The research team also uses models that track urban and industrial activities and their specific water demand consequences across many smaller areas in Asia.Irrigation tends to be a major driver of water consumption, leading to limited access to water for other uses.
Overall, the researchers conclude, through the mid 21st century, “economic growth contributes to an increase in water stress” across the whole region, but climate change can have “both positive and negative effects on water stress”. The study turns up a notable amount of regional variation in the effects of climate change within Asia.Climate change by itself is likely to have a more adverse impact on water access in China than in India, for instance, where a warming climate could produce more rain.
1．How do researchers deal with economic growth and climate change in the study
A．By changing neither of them all the time.
B．By changing both of them all the time.
C．By changing either of them in turn.
D．By changing both of them in turn.
答案：C
2．What can be concluded from the study led by MIT researchers
A．Economic growth has a greater effect than climate change.
B．Economic growth has a positive influence on water stress.
C．Climate change results in an increase in water stress alone.
D．Climate change influences China and India differently.
答案：D,
1．model v． 做模型；模仿
2．continent n. 大陆
3．simulation n. 模拟；仿品
4．vice versa 反过来也一样
5．identify v. 鉴定；辨别；识别
6．double v. 加倍；使……翻番
7．driver n. 驱动器
8．notable adj. 著名的，显著的
9．variation n. 变种；变动；变化
10．adverse adj. 不利的，逆向的
①句意：为了研究亚洲大陆水资源短缺的风险，研究人员对未来亚洲的许多合理的经济和气候途径进行了详细的模拟，评估了这两种途径对水资源供需的相对影响。
分析：本句是一个简单句。句首的动词不定式短语作状语；句末的现在分词短语同样作状语。
②句意：Adam Schlosser和Xiang Gao说：“我们确实发现减少水资源紧张的策略可以减少亚洲水资源紧张的严重风险。”
分析：句中的do表示强调。在英语句子中，我们经常用do, does, did来对谓语动词进行强调。用于表示强调的do可以有时态的变化，但其后的动词要用原形。用于强调的do通常只用于现在时或过去式(即只有do, does, did这样的形式)，不能用于进行时、完成时等形式(即没有is doing, has done这样的形式)。
高考阅读
为了帮助学生学英语以及树立他们的信心，Thomas Whaley专门创立了一个演讲课程。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue，N.Y.，today is speech day，and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn.The 8 year old is the joker of the class.With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he's nervous.“I'm here to tell you today why you should...should...” Chris trips on the “ ld，” a pronunciation difficulty for many non native English speakers.His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him, whispering support.“... Vote for ... me ...” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.①
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don't know, but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.②The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
1．What made Chris nervous
A．Telling a story. B．Making a speech.
C．Taking a test. D．Answering a question.
答案：B
2．What does the underlined word “stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Improper pauses. B．Bad manners.
C．Spelling mistakes. D．Silly jokes.
答案：A
3．We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to .
A．help students see their own strengths
B．assess students' public speaking skills
C．prepare students for their future jobs
D．inspire students' love for politics
答案：A
4．Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A．Humorous. B．Ambitious.
C．Caring. D．Demanding.
答案：C,
1．whisper v． 耳语；低语
2．immigrant n. 移民
3．presidential adj. 总统的；首长的
4．campaign n. 运动；战役
v. 参加活动
①句意：惠利回忆起在年初，当克里斯被叫去读书时，他会如何找借口去洗手间。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。how至句末为宾语从句。
②句意：有一天，惠利问孩子们，如果他们认为自己永远成不了总统的话就举手，于是他想到了这个二年级的总统竞选项目。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when至句末是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中又含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。
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