(共62张PPT)
灯
国题围LESSON 3 GETTING TO THE TOP
Why do Olympic athletes push themselves to the limits①？ As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin② family holidays and skip③ nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up④ so much.(1) “We're worried about you，” said my friend from across the table. He was worried that I had no longer⑤ become fun to train with and that I was in danger of⑥ being left with only a world championship medal and no one to share it with.
(1)本句是一个并列句。在第一个分句中含有三个并列的谓语动词；在第二个分句中，含有一个固定句型there is a very good reason for“没有理由……”。
I could have become angry or defensive⑦. Don't they know how hard it is to be at the top in sport Don't they know what it takes to get there However, deep down⑧ I knew elements⑨ of what he was saying were right. I was always tired and every workout⑩ had a mental intensity that seemed too much for most to handle. I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most thought were healthy.
These are the fears I face as a professional athlete on a day to day basis. Who am I doing this for How much is too much Why am I doing this How can I be so selfish ？ What are the sacrifices for
I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed, ruining a family holiday in France because of the endless search for a swimming pool to train in, almost missing my brother's wedding because I was too busy hiring a car in downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no go” areas in order to do a group ride with the local triathletes .(2) The list is endless.
(2)本句是一个主从复合句。其中分词短语ruining ...和almost missing ...作结果状语；because引导原因状语从句，从句中含有句型be busy doing“忙于做……”。,①push oneself to the limits
①push oneself to the limits 把某人推到极限
②ruin vt. 毁掉，毁坏
③skip vt. 不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走
④give up 放弃
⑤no longer 不再
⑥in danger of 处于……危险之中
⑦defensive adj. 戒备的，自卫的
⑧deep down 内心深处
⑨element n. 基本部分；要素
⑩workout n. 训练，锻炼
intensity n. 强度；强烈
selfish adj. 自私的，自私自利的
sacrifice n. 牺牲
countless adj. 无数的，数不尽的
because of 由于，因为
search for 寻找
hire vt. 租用
triathlete n. 铁人三项运动员
[第1～4段译文]
为什么奥林匹克运动员要将自己逼到极限呢？作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。“我们很担心你，”坐在我对面的朋友说。他担心和我一起训练不再是一件愉悦的事情，担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。,我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。难道他们不知道在运动中处于顶峰有多难吗？难道他们不知道走向顶峰需要付出多少吗？然而，在内心深处，我知道他说的有一些是对的。我总是疲惫不堪，每次锻炼带来的心理压力对于大多数人来说都难以应对。我把极限提升到了大多数人认为超出健康的程度。,这些是我作为职业运动员日常面临的恐惧。我这样做是为了谁？太多是多少？我为什么要这样做？我怎么能这么自私？这些牺牲是为了什么？,我想到了曾经错过的无数生日派对和本来可以外出狂欢的夜晚，因为一直寻找可以训练的游泳池，而破坏了一次去法国的全家旅行；我忙于在约翰内斯堡市中心租车，开车闯过“禁行”区，以便和当地的铁人三项运动员一起骑行训练，差点错过哥哥的婚礼。这样的事情不计其数。
It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather than go out and play; I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games; I was the only girl in a rugby club of 250 boys. I have always lived my life to extremes. Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying myself to.(3)
(3)本句为并列句。but连接两个并列分句；第一个分句是祈使句；第二个分句中含有no matter what引导的让步状语从句。
Being a professional athlete is no different. If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors.
Can this be overdone Absolutely. But if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner's platform， you had better be totally committed to your sport. In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee, even if it means getting injured， “I'd prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff than having ten years of being average.”(4)
Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is striving for greatness.
(4)本句是一个主从复合句。句中even if引导让步状语从句，主句为直接引语。,
boil vi.& vt. (使)沸腾，煮沸
boil down to sth 归结为；要点是
enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的
stay in 待在家里
get ahead 取得进步
rather than 而不是
length n. 长度
apply oneself to sth 努力；专心致志于某事
apart adj.&adv. 分开；散开
apart from ... 除……之外
platform n. 舞台；月台
be committed to 全身心投入
injured adj. 受伤的
outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的
average adj. 平庸的，普通的；平均的
n. 平均水平；平均数
normal adj. 正常的，平常的
[第5～8段译文]
归根结底，我天生就是个特别有干劲和意志力的人。我还是个小女孩时，为了在课业上名列前茅，午餐时间我会留下来学习而不出去玩。十岁的时候，当别的孩子在泳池戏水时，我会自己乘公共汽车去游泳池游50个来回；橄榄球俱乐部里，有 250 个男孩，只有我一个女孩。生活中我一向把事情做到极致。你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。,成为一名职业运动员也不例外。如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。,这过分吗？当然。但如果你的梦想是成为最棒的并站上胜利者的奖台，你最好全身心投入运动项目中。用英国铁人三项运动员阿利斯特尔·布朗利的话来说，即使这意味着受伤，“我也宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。”,做运动员让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做到那额外的一点点，以使我们走向顶峰。它当然不是一种平衡的生活方式，也肯定不寻常，但寻常、平衡这些词是不会用来形容追求伟大的人的。
Ⅰ.What's the main idea of the article
The article tells the story of an athlete and the sacrifices she makes for her sports.
Ⅱ.Read the text fast and judge the following statements TRUE or FALSE.
1．Olympic athletes give up too much fun for world championship medals.
2．The author was pushing the limits and extremes, which others thought healthy.
3．The author was a professional athlete.
4．The author would play pool games at ten years old.
5．Good extra preparation will set a professional athlete apart from his competitors.
答案：1～5 TFTFT
Ⅲ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．What did the author's friend worry about
A．The author pushed herself to the limits too little.
B．There was no good reason for giving up so much.
C．There was nothing, only medals in the author's eyes.
D．The author missed so many birthday parties and holidays.
2．What was one of the fears the author faced
A．Reasons for pushing the limits.
B．Her competitors' efforts.
C．Class work at school.
D．Her friend's worries.
3．What would the author do when she was young
A．Go out and play. B．Play pool games.
C．Take buses alone. D．Take holidays often.
4．What should a professional athlete be
A．Determined. B．Worried.
C．Cheerful. D．Careful.
答案：1～4 CACA
Ⅳ.Fill in the blanks with right words or phrases according to the passage.
The situation the writer faces
Things she gives up as an Olympic athlete Birthday parties, 1.family holidays, 2.nights out.
Her friends' worries and her reactions She will lose 3.her friends; she knows they were 4.right.
The fears she faces on the daily basis Whether she is pushing 5.the limits too much; whether she is being 6.selfish.
The reasons why the writer can get to the top
Born with an amount of drive and 7．determination. Get ahead on class work rather than 8.go out and play. Do a little 9.extra thing in preparation； be totally 10．committed to her career.
Ⅰ.语境写单词
1．strive for a breakthrough 取突破
2．ruin their image 坏他们的形象
3．skip over this page 过这一页
4．elements of a good life 好生活的要素
5．a very good workout 个非常好的锻炼
6．great intensity of feeling 烈的感情
7．a sacrifice for his country 国家牺牲
8．hire experienced worker 用有经验的工人
9．boil the milk 牛奶煮开
10．enormous animals 大的动物
11．three miles apart 隔三英里
12．the station platform 站月台
13．an outstanding student 名优秀的学生
14．above the average 于平均水平
15．return to normal 复正常
Ⅱ.拓展识变化
1．extreme n．极端→extremely adv.极端地
2．academic adj.学术的→academy n．学术
3．defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的→defend v．防卫；辩解→defenc(s)e n．防卫；辩解
4．selfish adj.自私的，自私自利的→self pron.自己→selfless adj.无私的
5．countless adj.无数的，数不尽的→count v．重要；点数→countable adj.可数的
6．length n．长度→long adj.长的；久的
Ⅲ.语境记短语
1．boil down to this 结为；要点是
2．stay in on weekends 在家里
3．apply himself to study 力；专心致志于某事
4．apart from some accidents ……之外
Ⅳ.仿写练句式
1．[教材原句] As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up so much.
[句式分析] there is a (no) reason for/to do sth“(没)有做某事的理由”
[佳句仿写] 他们没有什么好的理由这样认为。
There is no good reason for them to think that way.
2．[教材原句] ... almost missing my brother's wedding because I was too busy hiring a car ...
[句式分析] be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”
[佳句仿写] 过去的一周里，我们一直在忙着准备这次考试。
Over the past week, we have been busy preparing for this examination.
3．[教材原句] Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying myself to.
[句式分析] no matter what引导让步状语从句
[佳句仿写] 无论你喜欢做什么，在地球日这一天有一种方式可以参与各种活动。
No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
4．[教材原句] In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee, even if it means getting injured, ...
[句式分析] even if引导让步状语从句
[佳句仿写] 即使很困难，也要放轻松。
Even if it is very tough, take it easy.
1．(教材p.36)As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up so much.
作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。
ruin vt.毁掉，毁坏
Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
不要让消极情绪毁了你的热情。
归纳拓展
(1)ruin oneself 掉自己
(2)in ruins 为废墟
fall into ruin 灭；毁坏
bring sb to ruin 某人失败；使倾家荡产
bring ruin upon oneself 取灭亡
come/fall/go to ruin 灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①When the rescuers reached the ruins (ruin) of a young woman's house, they saw her dead body through the cracks.
②A large number of churches fell into ruin after the big flood.
③The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us lying awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这使我们彻夜未眠。
④Drunk driving not only ruined himself but also killed several passers by.
酒驾不但毁了他自己，几个行人也因此丧命。
⊙小话题写作
⑤一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出更大努力来吸引更多的观众。
Some bad factors are ruining the future of film industry, so great efforts should be made to attract more audience.
2．(教材p.36)What are the sacrifices for
这些牺牲是为了什么？
sacrifice n．&v.牺牲
You must not sacrifice studies for pleasure.
你不能为享乐而牺牲学业。
归纳拓展
(1)sacrifice for ……而牺牲
(2)at the sacrifice of 牺牲……为代价
make a sacrifice for ……作出牺牲
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①It's not worth sacrificing (sacrifice) your health for wealth.
②He sacrificed a promising career to look after his handicapped daughter.
他为了照顾残疾女儿牺牲了有前途的事业。
③He saved the child at the sacrifice of his life.
他为了救那个孩子而牺牲了自己的生命。
3．(教材p.36)I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed, ...
我想到了曾经错过的无数生日派对和本来可以外出狂欢的夜晚……
countless adj.无数的，数不尽的
In early spring sunlight scattered countless dust.
初春的阳光散落无数的尘埃。
归纳拓展
(1)count vt. 算；认为
vi. 按顺序)数数；重要
n. 出总数；论点，观点
count on 靠； 依赖
(2)countable adj. 数的
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①I have warned her countless (count) times.
②In a good relationship，it's really the little things that count.
在一种良好的关系中，细节真的很重要。
③That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency.
那是父亲第一次在危急时刻依赖我。
4．(教材p.37)Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying myself to.
你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。
apply oneself to sth努力；专心致志于某事
If you apply yourself to the job in hand, you'll soon finish it.
如果你尽全力做你手头的工作，你将很快地把它做完。
归纳拓展
(1)apply vt. 涂，敷；应用，运用；使致力(于)，使专心从事
vi. 请；应用，使用；适用
apply for 请，请求
apply (to sb) for ... 向某人)申请……
apply ... to ... ……运用到……中去；
……涂抹到……上面
(2)applicant n. 请人
(3)applied adj. 用的；实用的
applied science 用科学
(4)application n. 请；应用
a letter of application 份求职信
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空
①But the findings don't apply to energy burnt up by exercise.
②You will pass your exams if you really apply yourself to studying (study)．
③You should attach a recent photograph to your application (apply) form.
④Successful applicants (apply) often have experience in customer service, inside sales, outside sales, or other customer facing positions.
⊙根据提示完成小片段
⑤When an idea occurred to him, he first applied it to (把它应用于) his work. He also applied for a patent (申请了一项专利) about it. Then he applied himself to (专心于) it and made necessary changes.
⊙小话题写作
⑥我是李华，我写信是想申请英语协会志愿者的职位。
I'm Li Hua, and I'm writing to apply for the position as a volunteer of the English Association.
5．(教材p.37)If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors.
如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。
apart from ... 除……之外
Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant's stomach, the forest was silent.
除了大象胃里偶尔发出的声音，森林里一片寂静。
[易混辨析] in addition(to), apart from, except, except for, besides
(1)in addition 意为“加之，又，另外”，包括除去内容在内。
(2)in addition to是介词短语，意为“加之，除……之外”，包括除去内容在内。
(3)apart from是介词短语，意为“除……之外”，包括或不包括除去内容。
(4)except, except for 都有“除……之外”之意。except指从同类的人或物中排除；而except for所排除的不属于同一类。
(5)besides意为“除……之外(还有)”，包括被除去内容，和in addition to同义；疑问句、否定句中和except同义。
活学巧练
⊙补全句子
①We go there every day except Monday.
除了星期一，我们每天都去那里。
②He is a good man except for/apart from his bad temper.
他除了脾气坏之外，倒是个好人。
③Your article is good except that there are some spelling mistakes.
除了一些拼写错误外，你的文章写得很好。
④Besides the cost, it will take a lot of time.
除了成本外，它还将耗费很多时间。
⑤Apart from/Except for that, everything goes well.
除了那之外，一切正常。
6．(教材p.37)I'd prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff than having ten years of being average.
我也宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。
average adj.平庸的，普通的；平均的n.平均水平；平均数 v．平均为；算出……的平均数
This new model of car is so expensive that it is beyond the reach of those with average income.
新款车如此昂贵，普通收入人群望尘莫及。
归纳拓展
on (an/the) average 均
with an average of 均为
above average 一般水平以上， 中上； 在平均数以上
below average 一般水平以下， 中下； 在平均数以下
be up to the average 到一般水平
活学巧练
⊙写出下列句中average的词性和含义
①The average temperature here ranges between 23 ℃ and 39 ℃ and 51% of the island is covered with forests.adj.平均的
②Freddy was an average student，but not an average person.adj.普通的 adj.平庸的
③A survey shows parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys in Shanghai.n.平均数
④Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.v.平均为
⊙根据提示完成小片段
⑤There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, on average (平均) 18 students in each class. Tom's score was above average (在平均数以上) while John's was below average (在平均数以下)．
⊙小话题写作
⑥在上一次机器人竞赛中，你的测试成绩高于所有参与者的平均水平。
In the last robotics competition, your test scores were above average in all participants.
1．(教材p.36)As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up so much.
作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。
[句式分析] 本句中there is a good reason (to be/for)意为“……有充足的理由”。
There are at least two good reasons for this.
这至少有两个很好的理由。
归纳拓展
There is no good reason (to be/for)
有理由……
There is no need to do sth 有必要做某事
There is no point (in) doing sth 某事没有意义
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①There is no need to worry (worry) about him for he has grown up.
②There is no point arguing (argue) with him for he is so stubborn.
③I presume there is a good reason for her absence as she rarely stays away from work without approval.
我猜想她缺席一定有原因，因为她通常是不会擅离职守的。
④I have told you three times and there is no reason to be late.
我已经告诉你们三次了，没有理由迟到。
2．(教材p.36)I could have become angry or defensive.
我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。
[句式分析] 句中could have become是一种表示英语委婉语的虚拟语气。 在英语委婉语的表达中，如果暗含可能之意时，往往用could/might have done 的形式，表示“本可能做过某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式could/might not have done表示“本不可能做某事而实际上已经做了某事”。
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
他并不后悔说出做过的事，只是觉得本可以用另一种方式来说。
归纳拓展
(1)在英语委婉语的表达中，如果暗含责备之意时，往往用should have done的形式，表示“本该做了某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式shouldn't have done表示“本不该做某事而实际上已经做了”。
(2)在英语委婉语的表达中，如果暗含劝告之意时，往往用need have done的形式，表示“本有必要做某事而实际上没有做”。其否定形式needn't have done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上已经做了某事”。注意didn't have to do表示“过去本没有必要做而实际上也没有做”。
活学巧练
⊙单句语法填空/补全句子
①There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party.You should have come (come), but why didn't you
②There was plenty of time. She needn't have hurried (hurry)．
③He paid for a seat, while he could have entered free.
他花钱买了座位，而他本来可以免费进去的。
④I was really anxious about you. You shouldn't have left home without a word.
你让我急死了。你不该一句话不讲就离开家。
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