2022中考英语二轮复习——代词课件(共49张PPT)

(共49张PPT)
2022中考英语二轮复习
代词
感悟中考
单项选择
1.(2021贵州毕节中考)My grandma can use WeChat (微信). She learns it all by 　　　.
A.she　　B.herself　　C.her　　D.hers
2. (2021辽宁盘锦中考)Judy and Lily like sports, and 　　　often play volleyball after school.
A.we　　B.you　　C.their　　D.they
B
D
感悟中考
3. (2021辽宁营口中考)He was too sad to say　　　 when he heard the bad news.
A.something　　B.anything　　C.everything　　D.nothing
4. (2021广西河池中考)—Is this your bike, Cindy
—Yes, it's 　　　. My mother bought it for me last month.
A.hers　　B.his　　C.yours　　D.mine
B
D
感悟中考
5. (2021湖北黄石中考)—Which dress do you prefer, the red one or the green one
—　　　. I like blue.
A.Any　　B.Either C.Neither　　D.Both
6. (2021辽宁大连中考)Mike moved to China with 　　　family two years ago.
A.he　　B.him　　C.his　　D.himself
C
C
代词
知识导图
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：主要考查辨人称、辨形式
不定代词
普通不定代词
复合不定代词
人称代词：主格作主语；宾格作宾语和表语
物主代词：形容词性物主代词作定语；
名词性物主代词作主语、宾语和表语
反身代词：作宾语、表语和同位语
both, all, none, either, neither;many,much;some,any;
each,every; other, the other, others, the others, another;
a little, little, a few, few
指人：-body/-one类
指物：-thing类
指示代词
it,one, this/these, that/those的基本用法
it的特殊用法
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表
　　类别人称　　 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
复数 ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
第二人称 单数 ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
复数 ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
I
me
my
mine
myself
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
you
you
your
yours
yourself
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
　　类别人称　　 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第三人称 单数 he ______ ______ ______ ______
she ______ ______ ______ ______
it ______ ______ ______ ______
复数 ______ ______ ______ ______ _________
him
his
his
himself
her
her
hers
herself
it
its
its
itself
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表
考点突破
辨人称
当选项为同一形式的不同人称时(如 my, your, her, his)，考生可根据句子的提示词或者已给出的人称来判断空格处相应的代词；其中第一、二人称比较容易判断，第三人称的区分可通过以下方式判断：
1. 若所填空指代的是题干中的lady, woman, mother, Miss, Mrs, sister, aunt, girl, madam等代表女士的词或Lily, Lucy等女孩名时，应用与she相关的词(she, her, hers, herself)；
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
2. 若所填空指代的是题干中的gentleman, man, father, Mr, brother, uncle, boy, sir等代表男士的词或Jack，Tom等男孩名时，应用与he相关的词(he, him, his, himself)；
3. 若所填空指代的是题干中的some people, many students等表示第三人称复数的词时，应用与they相关的词(they, them, their, theirs, themselves)。
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
辨形式
1. 如果在动词或系动词前，则作主语，需用人称代词的主格或者名词性物主代词。如：
We go to the same school and we love soccer.
Could you lend me your English book？Mine is left at home.
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
2. 如果在动词或介词后，则作宾语，需用人称代词宾格、名词性物主代词、反身代词
如：I want to meet you on Friday afternoon, but I am really busy.
3. 如果用在系动词之后，则作表语，需用人称代词宾格、名词性物主代词或者反身代词。如：That pink computer is hers．
4. 如果用在名词前，则作定语，需用形容词性物主代词。
如：My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
【注意】
(1)形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，用于名词前作定语，相当于形容词。名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词。具有名词的特征，后面不带名词，需单独使用。
(2)当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词可与own连用，意为“某人自己的”。如：my own room
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
2
对于辨形式类试题，考生需掌握不同形式的代词的用法：
人称代词的用法
类别 位置 成分 例句
主格 动词前 主语 I think he has a ping pong ball.
宾格 动词、介词、系动词之后 宾语或表语 You can ask him for the dictionary.
考点突破
物主代词的用法
类别 位置 成分 例句
形容词性物主代词 名词前 定语 We provide books, and we set tests every week to check your progress.
名词性物主代词 系动词前 主语 This isn’t her ruler.Hers is on the desk.(hers＝her ruler)
动词后 宾语 I can’t find my ruler. Can I use yours？
系动词后 表语 He is an old friend of mine．(mine＝my friend)
考点突破
反身代词的用法
成分 位置 例句
作宾语 动词之后 I introduced myself to the other students and tried not to worry.
介词之后 But the driver didn’t think about himself．
作表语 系动词 之后 The poor boy in the story was myself．
作同位语 名词或代 词之后或 位于句末 England itself is part of an island, and you are always near the sea.
考点突破
反身代词的相关短语
enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
help oneself (to)自用(食物等)
dress oneself自己穿衣服
teach oneself (=learn by oneself)自学
hurt oneself伤了某人自己
lose oneself (in)沉溺于
动词
之后
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
believe in oneself相信某人自己
by oneself 单独地，独自地，亲自
for oneself为某人自己
look after oneself照顾某人自己
take care of oneself照顾某人自己
介词
之后
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点突破
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
1. This year President Xi Jinping wrote a letter to the young pioneers China to celebrate ________ 70th anniversary(周年纪念日).
A. their B. them C. theirs D. they
2.—We are in times of difficulty at present.
—As long as we pull together, success must belong to ______.
A．us B．we C．our D．ours
考点训练
A
A
考点突破
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
3.The twins are so alike that even their father finds________ hard to tell them from each other.
A. it B. him C. them
4.The school offers two courses on computer technology. One is for beginners and ________ is for those who already have some basic knowledge.
A. other B. another C. the other
考点训练
A
C
考点突破
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
5.The family photos aren’t in___________ room, it must be in___________.
A. my; his B. his; my C. me; his
6. This year many doctors have become anti-epidemic（抗疫）heroes. We are proud of____________.
A. her B. him C. them
考点训练
A
C
考点突破
2
考点一 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考点训练
7.— Maybe I can’t pass the English test this time, Mum.
— Don’t worry. Believe in ___________.
A. it B. us C. yourself D. yours
8.Don't ask what this country can do for you. Ask __________ what you can do for this country.
A. yourselves B. you C. themselves D. them
C
A
考点突破
1. some, any与no的用法：
当不知或不能确定数量，只表示“一些，若干”时，用some或any，两者既可作代词，也可用作限定词，修饰名词，既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
(1)some和any都可指“一些”，但some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句或if, whether后。
(2)some有时也用于疑问句，表示说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答或接受邀请，也可表示请求、建议。any有时也可用于肯定句，表示“任何一个、任何一些”。
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
(3)no只能作定语，修饰不可数名词和可数名词(单数或复数)。
如：She has no brother or sister.她没有兄弟姐妹。
There are no clouds in the sky.天空中没有云。
There is no need to hurry him.没有必要去催他。
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
2. 其他常见普通不定代词的用法：
(1) both, either与neither
不定代词 相同点 不同点
both 均用 于两者 指“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。常用短语：both...and... ……和……都。
either 指“两者中的任意一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。常用短语：either...or...或者……或者……，要么……要么……。
neither 指“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。常用短语：neither...nor...既不……也不……。
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
(2)all与none
不定代词 相同点 不同点
all 均用于三 者或三者 以上 指“三者或三者以上都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
none 指“三者或三者以上都不/没有一个”。none of 与不可数名词连用时，谓语动词用单数；与可数名词连用时，单复数均可。
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
(3) each与every
不定代词 相同点 不同点
each “each/every＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 ①用作形容词、代词，可单独使用
②强调个体
③指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”
④后可加of短语
every ①仅作定语，不可单独使用
②强调整体
③指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个”
④后不可加of短语
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
(4) other, the other, others, the others与another
词(组) 含义及用法 固定搭配
other 别的(泛指，可修饰名词) /
the other 另一个(特指，两者中的另一个) one..., the other... 一个……，另一个……
others 其余的，别的(泛指，表示除去一部分后的另一些，但不是剩下的全体) some..., others...一些……，另一些……
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
词(组) 含义及用法 固定搭配
the others 其余的，别的(特指，指一定范围内除去一部分后，剩余的全部人或物) /
another 再一个；另一个(泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的另一个) one another(＝each other)相互
考点二 普通不定代词
考点突破
考点二 普通不定代词
考点训练
1.—Why don’t you find some workers to repair the machines
—Well, ________ of them want to do such a low-paid job.
A. a few B. few C. some
2.—When are we going to see the movie Zoo Topia, this afternoon or tonight
—________ is OK. I’m free today.
A. Either B. Both C. Neither
3.I found ________difficult for me to finish the work on time.
A. that B. it C. this
B
A
B
考点突破
考点三 复合不定代词
1. 初中阶段常见的复合不定代词
one(指人) body(指人) thing(指物)
some (肯定) someone(某人) somebody(某人) something(某事，某物)
any (否定/肯定) anyone(任何人) anybody(任何人) anything(任何事)
every (肯定) everyone(每个人) everybody(每个人) everything(每件事，一切)
no (否定) no one(没有人) nobody(没有人) nothing(什么都没有)
考点突破
2. 复合不定代词的用法
(1)“some ”一类复合不定代词主要用于肯定句中，“any ”一类复合不定代词主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。当“some ”一类复合不定代词用于否定句、疑问句和条件句时，往往表示希望对方给予肯定的答复，表示肯定的意义。当“any ”一类复合不定代词用于肯定句时表示“任何”之意。
考点三 复合不定代词
考点突破
(2)当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后。
如：Before you buy something new, think whether it is really necessary first!
(3)复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
如：Nobody knows when life on the earth started.
考点三 复合不定代词
考点突破
3. 复合不定代词的常用句型
(1)There is nothing to...没什么要……。
如：There’s nothing to worry about as long as you work hard.
(2)There is something wrong with... ……出问题了。
如：There must be something wrong with my car.
(3)... have/has something/nothing to do with... ……与……有/无关。
如：The case has nothing to do with me.
(4)We can do nothing but...我们什么都不能做，只能……。
如：We can do nothing but wait.
考点三 复合不定代词
考点突破
考点三 复合不定代词
1.—Although these were good students, ______________ of them had a score above 60.
—I can’t believe it!
A. none B. no one C. some D. all
2.—What did Chinese President Xi Jinping say during the epidemic (疫情)
—___________ is more important than people's safety and health.
A. Nothing B. Everything C. Something D. Anything
考点训练
A
A
考点突破
考点三 复合不定代词
3.—It’s unbelievable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way!
—____________ is impossible.
A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything
考点训练
C
考点突破
单数 复数 用法
this(这个) these(这些) 指代较近的人或物
that(那个) those(那些) 指代较远的人或物
考点四 指示代词和疑问代词
考点突破
【注意】
(1) this/that也可用于电话用语中，this代表自己，that则代表对方。如：
—Hello! Who is that 你好！你是哪位？
—Hello! This is Jane speaking. 你好！我是简。
(2) 在疑问句中，若句子主语是this/that/these/those时，回答用it或they来代替。如：
—Is this/that your cat 这/那是你的猫吗？
—Yes, it is. 是的，它是。
考点四 指示代词和疑问代词
考点突破
2
常见易混词 it, one与that
词汇 用法 例句
it 特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物(同类同物)。 He looked for his watch everywhere, but he couldn’t find it anywhere.
当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看(听)不出来时，常用it代替和当时某一事件、某一动作相关的那个人。 Look at the baby! Isn’t it lovely？
考点四 指示代词和疑问代词
考点突破
词汇 用法 例句
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同物(同类异物)。 I don’t like this pen. Could you show me another one
that ①指代离自己较远的人或物； ②常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。 The apples on the table are bigger than those in the basket.
考点四 指示代词和疑问代词
考点突破
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词， 一般放在句首， 并在句中充当主语、表语、宾语或定语。
代词 含义 基本用法
who 谁 对人称代词主格进行提问，询问人物、身份
whom 谁 对人称代词宾格进行提问，询问人物
whose 谁的 询问所属关系
what 什么 对具体内容进行提问，询问事物、身份、职业等
which 哪个 对指定范围内“哪个”进行提问，询问特定的人或物
考点四 指示代词和疑问代词
考点突破
【注意】所有疑问代词都可以作为连接代词， 用于复合句中连接主句和从句：
(1)所有疑问代词均可引导宾语从句；
(2)除what外的疑问代词均可引导定语从句。
考点四 指示代词和疑问代词
考点突破
模拟冲关
I.单项选择
1.(2021青海西宁中考)Nobody taught my grandma how to use WeChat. She learned it all by 　　　.
A.myself　　B.yourself C.himself　　D.herself
2.(2021山东东营中考)—Judy, why is your dog barking (吠叫) at the mirror
—Because it can't recognize (认出) 　　　in the mirror.
A.me　　B.it　　C.you　　D.itself
D
D
模拟冲关
3.(2021黑龙江大庆中考)On the website, you can chat with 　　　in English to improve your spoken English.
A.other　　B.another C.the other　　D.others
4.(2021四川广元中考)—How cold here!
—Yes. The weather in Guangyuan is much colder than 　　　in your hometown.
A.that　　B.it　　C.this　　D.those
D
A
模拟冲关
5.(2021 湖北鄂州中考)—Are these books 　　　
—No, they're his.
A.yours　　B.her　　C.our　　D.their
6.(2021广西桂林中考)Let's go shopping for some food. 　　　________haven't got any meat.
A.We　　B.Our　　C.Ours
7.(2021辽宁抚顺、本溪、辽阳中考)—Your spoken English is perfect!
—Thank you. I think 　　　is better. You read English every morning.
A.mine　　B.its　　C.yours　　D.hers
A
A
C
模拟冲关
8.(2021山东滨州中考)—Dad, could you please teach 　　　English
—Sure! But it's more important to learn it by 　　　.
A.my;yourself　　B.my;you C.me;you　　 D.me;yourself
9.(2021广西玉林中考)—Wow, so cool! Who taught you to play Tik Tok(抖音)
—　　　. I learned it by 　　　.
A.Somebody;myself　　 B.Nobody;myself
C.Nobody;me　　 D.Somebody;me
D
B
模拟冲关
Ⅱ.语法填空
This is an old story. 1. __________ was first told long ago. A rich man wanted to make a journey to 2. __________ town. He was a businessman. He wanted to take things to sell. He also wanted to take gold to buy things.
He decided to take ten servants(仆人)with 3__________ .They would carry the things to sell, and some food to eat on the journey.
He was a kind man. He said to one of 4. __________ servants, “You are the smallest, the thinnest and the weakest of 5. __________ my servants. You cannot carry a heavy load(担子). You must choose the lightest load to carry.”
It
another
him
his
all
模拟冲关
The servant thanked the master. He pointed to the biggest load and said, “ 6. __________ load is bread to eat on the journey. I want to carry it.”
His master said, “You are foolish. 7. __________ is the biggest and heaviest load.”But the servant lifted up the load cheerfully and the journey began.8. __________ walked for four hours. Then they stopped for a rest and ate the bread. Then there was less bread for the servant to carry. 9. __________ day they ate some bread and there was less and less bread to carry. The servant’s
load grew smaller and lighter. At the end of the journey, the clever servant had _______ to carry
This
It
They
Every
nothing
Bye-bye!