Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation教材全解及单元测试卷

人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation
教材全解及单元测试卷
【教材内容解析】
Section A
Where did you go on vacation (P. 1)
on vacation意为“在度假”，结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中”。
My family went to Hainan on vacation last year.
...visited my uncle (P. 1)
visit此处用作及物动词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望”，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参观、游览”。
I visited my grandmother last week.
Do you want to visit Shanghai
...go with anyone (P. 2)
anyone用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人”，相当于anybody，用于疑问句和否定句中，在肯定句中用someone或者somebody。但是anyone也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何一个人”。
Did you meet anyone friendly in that city
Anyone can be helpful in some way.
anyone只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接of短语；any one既可以指人也可以指物，后可接of短语。
Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their sons.
...buy anything special (P. 2)
buy用作双宾语动词，表示“买”，常用的结构为“buy sb. sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“为某人买某物”。
My father bought me a bike.=My father bought a bike for me.
【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give, bring, show, tell, sell等。
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人
show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物
tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某物
sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人
形容词修饰复合不定代词（something/body/one, anything/body/one, nothing/body/one, everything/body/one）时，放在复合不定代词后面。
I have something important to tell you.
We took quite a few photos there. (P. 2)
take photos意为“拍照、照相”，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意为“给……拍照”。
We took many photos on the Great Wall.
Could you take a photo of us
I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. (P. 2)
most of表示“……中大多数”，后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于后面所接名词的单复数。
Most of the food goes bad.
Most of us are going to the park.
No, I bought nothing. (P. 3)
nothing用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西”，相当于not anything。
I did nothing special last month.=I didn’t do anything special last month.
Did everyone have a good time (P. 3)
have a good time表示“玩得开心”，后接动词ing，表示“做某事很开心”，have a good time相当于enjoy oneself/have fun。
We had a good time at the party.
=We enjoyed ourselves at the party.
=We had fun at the party.
I had a good time playing with my friends on the playground.
How did you like it (P. 3)
How do you like... 意为“你认为……怎么样”，相当于How do you feel about... 或者What do you think of...
-How do you like the film
-Wonderful.
Did you go shopping (P. 3)
go shopping表示“去购物、去买东西”，相当于do some shopping。类似的短语还有：go swimming, go skating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。
I went shopping and bought something for my parents.
Of course! (P. 3)
of course意为“当然”，相当于sure或者certainly。
-May I borrow your dictionary
-Of course!
Still no one seemed to be bored. (P. 3)
(1) seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。
The story seems true.
What he said seemed to be a lie.
It seems that they are going to pull down the house.
bored表示“感到厌倦的”，用来说明人的感受；boring表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”，用来说明事物的特征。
The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.
【拓展】以ed结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以ing结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描述物，类似的形容词还有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised。
Section B
What activities do you find enjoyable (P. 5)
(1) find这里表示“发现、觉得”，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find sb./sth+n./adj./doing sth./介词短语。
The students find her a kind teacher.
I find the book useful.
When I passed his house,I found his wife cooking.
Finally, they found the boy in the tree.
enjoyable是enjoy的形容词形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。
I’m sure that we will have an enjoyable vacation.
The job is enjoyable and I like it.
I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (P. 5)
arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。
例如：
When did you arrive
We are arriving at the station at two o’clock.
【拓展】reach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。
...so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (P. 5)
decide表示“决定”时，常用的结构为：decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。
The government decided to build another school in this village.
My sister and I tried paragliding. (P. 5)
try doing sth. “尝试做某事”；try to do sth. “尽力做某事”。
The doctor tries to save the sick girl.
The boy tried playing the piano.
【拓展】try也可以用作名词，表示“尝试”，have a try表示“尝试一下”。
I’m going to have a try.
I felt like I was a bird. (P. 5)
feel like此处表示“感觉像”，后接从句。
He feels like he is swimming.
【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth.
Do you feel like going out for a walk with me
=Would you like to go out for a walk with me
=Do you want to go out for a walk with me
There are a lot of new buildings now...(P. 5)
a lot of相当于lots of表示“许多”，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。
There is a lot of rain in summer in this place.
【拓展】
只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much
只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a number of
既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of
I wonder what life was like here in th past. (P. 5)
wonder表示“好奇、想知道”，后接whether/if, what, who, why等引导宾语从句。
I wonder what they are doing now.
I wonder if you can help me.
8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. (P. 5)
enjoy用作及物动词，表示“喜欢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。
Do you enjoy music
I don’t enjoy sleeping with the window open.
What a difference a day makes! (P. 5)
本句是what引导的感叹句，what引导的感叹句常用的结构有：“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或者“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语”。
What a beautiful flower!
What interesting books these are!
What heavy snow it is!
【拓展】how引导的感叹句的结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。
How beautiful the bird is!
How fast Mary runs!
10. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. (P. 5)
(1) want表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型“want sb. to do sth.”中，表示“想要某人做某事”。
They don’t want to throw away the old furniture.
She wants her parents to pay for the car.
(2) start后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于begin。
When shall we start the meeting
Let’s start discussing/to discuss about the next problem.
We waited over an hour for the train because there are too many people. (P. 5)
(1) wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事”；can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”
We are waiting for the result of the exam.
All the passengers are waiting to get on the bus.
The children can’t wait to rush out after the class is over.
over此处表示“多于、超过”，相当于more than。
My father is over 40 years old.
(3) too much, much too和too many辨析
too much 太多（的） 用作形容词，修饰不可数名词 I have too much homework to do.
用作副词，修饰动词 Don’t eat too much.
much too 太 用作副词，修饰形容词和副词 The picture is much too beautiful.
too many 太多的 用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数 The little boy has too many questions to ask.
And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. (P. 5)
(1) because of意为“因为、由于”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接一个句子。
He is late for school because of the bad weather.
=He is late for school because the weather is bad.
below表示“在……以下、低于”，反义词是above，意为“在……之上，超过”。
It was five degrees below zero last night.
My father didn’t bring enough money...(P. 5)
(1) bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。
The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.
(2) enough可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的”，用来修饰名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。
The rich man has enough money.
=The rich man has money enough.
【拓展】enough还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为：be +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足够……能够做某事”。
The boy is old enough to go to school.
The father works hard enough for his family.
Well, but the next day was not as good. (P. 5)
当我们要表示双方某方面(如年龄、身高等)程度相同或不同时，常用as…as或not as…as结构，表示“和……一样”或“和……不一样”。如：
Mary is as careful as Linda．玛丽和琳达一样仔细。
He does not run as fast as Tom．他跑步没有汤姆快。
...because we forgot to bring an umbrella. (P. 6)
forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。
He forgot to take the message to his friend.
Don’t forget to lock the door when you leave.
Don’t you forget meeting me in the street yesterday
Why not (P. 8)
why not意为“为什么”，表示提出建议，后接动词原形，相当于why don’t you...
Why not go to the party with me
=Why don’t you go to the party with me
Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. (P. 8)
with此处表示“具有、带有”，还可以表示“和……在一起”或者“用”。
I often go to school with my friends.
Cut the apple with a knife.
My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. (P. 8)
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，so是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。
Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.
He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.
【拓展】such...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，such后面接名词短语，名词前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。
He is such a smart boy that we all like him.
They are such experienced workers that they will solve the problem soon.
My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. (P. 8)
tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。
The teacher told us to clean the windows.
I told him not to draw on the wall.
keep doing sth.表示“继续做某事、一直做某事”
She kept watching TV for two hours last night.
(3) go on表示“继续”，go on to do sth.表示“（完成一件事后）接着做另一件事”，go on doing sth./go on with sth.意为“继续做同一件事”。
She went on to become a doctor.
You can’t go on working without any rest.
We will go on with the discussion tomorrow.
Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. (P. 8)
up and down表示“上上下下、来来回回”。
They looked up and down.
He walks up and down in the room.
Twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up. (P. 8)
come up意为“升起、发生”。
It gets hot after the sun has come up.
Please let me know if anything comes up.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
重点短语
go on vacation去度假
stay at home待在家里
3.go to the mountains去爬山
4.go to the beach去海滩
5.visit museums 参观博物馆
6.go to summer camp去参加夏令营
7.quite a few相当多
8.study for tests为测验而学习
9.go out出去
10.most of the time大部分时间
11.have a good time doing=have fun doing =enjoy oneself玩得高兴
12.of course=sure =certainly当然
13.feel like给……的感觉；感受到
14.go shopping去购物
15.in the past在过去
16.walk around四处走走
17.because of 因为
18. a/one bowl of… 一碗……
19. the next day第二天
20.drink tea喝茶
21.find out找出；查明
22.go on继续
23.take photos照相
24.something important重要的事
25.up and down上上下下
e up出来
e out 出版发行
28.go out with anyone 跟别人出去
29.say about 发表对…看法
30.rain hard 雨下得大
31.too much 太多
重点句型
1.buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
2.taste / look/sound/smell good. 尝起来/看起来/听起来/闻起来不错
3.nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
4.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来……
5.arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 /get to +地点/reach +地点 到达某地
6.decide to do sth.决定去做某事
7.try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事
8.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事
9.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
10. want to do sth.想去做某事
11.start doing sth.开始做某事
12.stop doing sth. 停止做某事
13.dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
14.keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth 不停做某事
15.Why not do. sth.=why don’t you do sth为什么不做……呢？
16.so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
17.tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
18.enough +名词，形容词+enough
19.not really 真的没有
20.seem to do sth 似乎好像做某事
21.Bye for now!到这该说再见了。
22.How do you like …=What do you think of…=What do you think about… 你认为……怎么样
【语法讲解】
一 复合不定代词
由some, any, no, every加上one, body, thing构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词。
one body thing
some someone somebody something
any anyone anybody anything
every everyone everybody everything
no no one nobody nothing
用法
复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以用作主语、宾语和表语。
Someone is knocking at the door.
I don’t have anything to say today.
Money isn’t everything.
复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式后置。
I have something important to tell you.
There is nothing wrong with the radio.
复合不定代词做主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单词形式。
Everything begins to grow in spring.
some-不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定句中。
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me
Would you like something to drink
anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”和“任何事”。
Anyone can do it.
I can do anything for you.
二 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词
（一）规则变化
构成规则：
在动词末尾直接加-ed . 例如，work -worked , look -looked , play –played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d . 例如，live –lived , hope –hoped , use –used
以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed . 例如，study –studied , carry –carried , worry –worried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed . 例如，stop –stopped , plan–planned
（二）不规则变化
1. 没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut –cut , put –put , read –read
2. 变化元音，例如，write- wrote , know –knew , come –came
3. 变化辅音，例如，make –made , spend –spent , send –sent
4. 辅音和元音都变化，例如，leave –left , teach –taught , think –thought
5. 其他情况，例如，is –was , are –were , have –had
【单元测试卷】
一．单项选择. 20%
(　 )1. -______ did you go last weekend -To the zoo.
A. When B. Where C. How D. What
(　 )2. I didn’t go to the beach_______vacation. I stayed _______home.
A.for, in B. on , at C. on , in D. in ,at
(　 )3.—Where did you go on vacation --She________summer camp.
A. went to B.went C. go D.goes to
(　 )4.- -How was your vacation ________ --____________.
A.I stayed at home B.It was delicious C.I was very happy D.It was excellent
(　 )5.--Did you go to the beach last Saturday --___________.
A.Yes, I do B.Yes, I was C. Yes , I went D.Yes , I did
(　 )6.Peter is very friendly and he has _________friends.
A.any B. a quite few C.quite a few D.quite few
(　 )7.—Where would you like to go on vacation, Lily
--It’s hot here. I’d like to go __________.
A. anywhere cool B.cool somewhere C. somewhere cool D.cool anywhere
(　 )8.—When did you arrive _________Gui Yang
—I arrived _______Gui Yang Railway Station at five at five yesterday afternoon.
A.in ,in B.at , in C.in , at D.at , at
(　 )9.The Malaysian yellow noodles are very delicious. Do you want to _______them
A.drink B.try C.feel D.like
(　 )10. I ________what he was like ten years ago.
A.wonder B.think C.seem D.want
( )11.He felt ________he was a fish when he swam in the river.
A.as B.like C.about D.to
( )12.They waited______two hours _______us.
A.for, over B.for, for C.over , for D.at , for
(　 )13.—Would you like to give me ________apples —Yes, I’d love to.
A.another three B.three another C.more three D.more another
( )14.Jane can get better grades than I , because I don’t study hard________him.
A.than B.as C.with D.for
( )15.I don’t like going shopping in the supermarket because there are _______people.
A.too many B.too much C.too a lot of D.many too
( )16.—Is he ________to go to school —Yes , he is.
A.old enough B.enough old C.young enough D.enough young
( )17.My legs were _______tired________I want to stop.
A.too, that B.too, to C.so, that D.enough, that
( )18.—Did you buy ________in the supermarket
--No, I didn’t. ________was very expensive.
A.something, Anything B.anything, Something
C.anything, Everything D.something, Something
( )19.The weather was hot, so we _________to swim.
A.made B.felt C.decided D.enjoyed
( )20.He doesn’t want a Bejing duck because he _________it.
A.enjoys B.likes C.tries D.dislikes
二．根据汉语提示或首写字母补全单词 .20%
1. We want to go to the m____________to learn something about history.
2. My father and I v__________Uncle Zhang last Sunday.
3. The coat is too e____________ , so I can’t buy it.
4. --Did you go to the summer c__________ —Yes , I did.
5.—Where did you go on v___________ —Oh , I went to Sanya.
6.The m__________are very beautiful in Zhang Jiajie. They are like different animals and people.
7.—Did you visit Guilin with ___________(任何人) —No, I didn’t.
8.My pen is lost and I can’t find it ______________(在任何地方).
9.Tom’s birthday party was very _____________(精彩的) and we all had a good time.
10.__________(大多数) of the students like Friday because they don’t go to school the next day.
11.My mother is good at cooking. She often makes d_____________ food.
12.I don’t like math because it’s b_____________.
13.Gina felt t_____________, so she didn’t go to school.
14.I ____________(想知道) how old you are.
15.We all want to reach the t_________of Mountain Tai to see the sunrise.
e on ! We are w_______________for you.
17.It’s raining outside, please take your u____________.
18.I want some bread because I am h______________.
19.Qian likes keeping _____________(日记) every day .
20.We saw the houses of the Chinese _____________(商人).
三．用所给词的适当形式填空。10分。
1.—Did you meet ___________(someone) interesting in Gui Yang —Yes , I did.
2.My mother often buys me something_____________(interest).
3.Voice of China is ____________(wonder) and many people like it.
4.I stayed at home ____________(many) of the time to read.
5.My parents took quite a few ____________(photo) in Tibet.
6.I went to the party , danced and ________many old classmates . ( meet)
7.He decided ____________(visit) somewhere warm.
8.He really enjoyed ____________(fly) a kite with his father.
9.We had an ______________(enjoy) trip last week.
10.We must study hard to make a big ________________(different).
四．选择方框中合适的句子补全对话。其中有两项多余。10分
A:Hi , Tina ._________
B:It was fantastic .
A:_________
B:No, I didn’t . ________ Look , here are my photos .
A:_________
B:No, there weren’t any sharks , but there were some clever seals .
A:Wow .______ What else did you do
B:Well , I wandered around (闲逛) with my friends and took some photos.
A. Where did you go B. That sounds wonderful. C. Did you go to the zoo D. Were there any sharks E. I went to the aquarium . F. How was your school trip G. How many sharks were there
五．句型转换。10分。
1. We went to Green Park yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
___________you __________ to Green Park yesterday
2.They went to New York City (对画线部分提问)
_________ __________they ___________
3.He visited his teacher last night（改为否定句）
He _________ __________ his teacher last night.
4. My vacation was really great. (对画线部分提问)
________ _________ your vacation
5.How was the weather last Saturday (改为同义句)
_________ was the weather __________ last Saturday
六．完形填空。10分
Mr. and Mrs. White never remember things clearly. They always 1 something. For example, Mr. White sometimes goes to work on Sunday morning, because he thinks it is 2 . And Mrs. White sometimes forgets to cook supper for her family.
One summer they were going to 3 to New York for their holiday. They got to the airport only twenty minutes 4 the plane took off. But suddenly Mrs. White said she must 5 Linda, their daughter, not to forget to lock(锁) the front door when she went to school. But then Linda was at school, and they couldn’t tell her about it by 6 . So they went to the 7 . Mrs. White wrote a short 8 to Linda, and Mr. White bought a 9 and an envelope(信封). Soon the note was ready. They put the stamp on the envelope and 10 it in the letterbox. But suddenly Mrs. White began to cry. The short note was still in her hand. She had put the plane ticket in the envelope.
( )1. A. remember B. forget C. do D. buy
( )2. A. Sunday B. Saturday C. Monday D. sunny
( )3. A. fly B. drive C. run D. walk
( )4. A. when B. after C. while D. before
( )5. A. talk B. speak C. tell D. say
( )6. A. telephone B. radio C. bus D. now
( )7. A. post office B. school C. hospital D. airport
( )8. A. text B. sorry C. note D. book
( )9. A. letter B. stamp C. ticket D. pen
( )10. A. took B. got C. pushed D. dropped
七．阅读理解。10分。
The summer vacation is over. It’s true that time flies very fast.
In the vacation, the weather was hot and I could not do much homework, but I lived happily.I did my homework in the morning. I got up at 6:30 am and took a walk in the garden for half an hour. After breakfast I began reading English and Chinese and did some math exercises. Those would take me three hours or more. I worked quite hard and I made great progress(进步).I spent the afternoon outside. I went to swim and it was fun. I would not go home until it was late at about five or six o’clock. Sometimes a friend of mine would come to see me and we would spend some time listening to music.In this way I spent my vacation happily. And I not only studied well but also became a good swimmer. Now I’m in good health and high spirits(精神).
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
( )1. The passage mainly tells us _______.
A. how the writer spent his summer vacation B. what the weather was like in summer
C. how the writer became a good swimmer D. where the writer studied in the vacation
( )2. How long did it take the writer to study
A. Half an hour. B. Three hours or more.
C. Only a day. D. Two hours and a half.
( )3. The writer spent most of the afternoon ________.
A. listening to music B. visiting his friends
C. walking in the garden D. swimming
( )4 The writer had a very good summer vacation because he _______.
A. thought time flew quickly B. made progress in his study and had fun swimming
C. got up early and went home late D. was free all the time
( )5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. The writer made progress in his lessons.
B. The writer took a walk for half an hour before breakfast.
C. The writer began studying as soon as he got up.
D. The writer spent some time swimming in the afternoon.
八．书面表达。10分。
根据下面表格中的提示内容，写一篇80个词左右的英语日记。注意日记格式，可以适当发挥。
Date Sunday October 25th
Weather Sunny
Activities In the morning Go shopping with father
In the afternoon Help Uncle John on the farm
Sunday October 25th Sunny
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