初中英语语法大全——冠词（共22张PPT）

(共22张PPT)
初中英语语法大全
冠词
英语中常用a,an,the来说明名词所表示的人或事物，这三个词常位于名词的前面，故称为冠词。冠词是虚词，是名词的一种标志，他不能脱离你名词独立存在，不能单独充当句子成分。
不定冠词a/an:一般用于单数可数名词前，表泛指。
定冠词the: 一般修饰可数名词(单复数），也可修饰不可数名词，表特指。
一、不定冠词的用法
1. 泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。
A leaf falls much more slowly than a stone.
I saw a man in the darkness, but I couldn't make out who it was.
2. 指代一类人或事物。
该用法并不表示具体的某一个人或事物的，而是表示一类人或事物，一般不译为“一”。
A doctor is a person who saves people's lives.
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
3. 表示数量中的一。
意义上接近one，但数量概念比one弱，此时常译为“一”。
There is a table and four chairs in that dining room.
There is going to be an English lecture this evening.
4. 表示单位量词的“每一”。
用于表示时间、速度、价格等含义的名词之前，有“每一.......”的意思。
Take three pills a day and you'll get better soon.
The light blinks once a second.
5、用于序数词前，表示“又一; 再一”。
I want a second cup of coffee.
Do you want a second chance
二、定冠词的用法
1. 用于特指的和说话双方都知道的人或事物。
Do you know the woman standing at the gate of the school？
Is this the book that you are looking for？
2. 用于指代上文提到的人或事物。
I bought a book yesterday. The book is very interesting.
There is a man under the tree.The man is called Robert.
3. 用于单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物。
The wheel is perhaps the simplest invention of all.
The shark is most dangerous animal in the sea.
The beaver likes family life.
4.用于表示独一无二的事物前。
The sun was shining brightly as we sailed down.
Man traveled to the moon scores of years ago.
5. 用于序数词、表特指的比较级和形容词、副词最高级前。
He was the first to speak against slavery.
He is the taller of the two children in his family.
The greatest talkers are always the least doers.
6. 用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示“......一家人”或“夫妇俩”。
The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.
We invited the Whites to our party.
7. 用于形容词或分词前，表示一类人或事物。
They offered the food, flowers and gifts to the dead.
The wounded have not been sent to the hospital in time.
8. 用于表示演奏的西洋乐器的名词前。
The boy of no more than four complete piano very beautifully.
I played the guitar in the school band.
三、零冠词的用法
1. 表示泛指意义的物质名词，抽象名词，专有名词前通常不用冠词。
Iron and steel plays an important role in industry.
Happiness is a direction , not a place.
China is one of the largest countries in the world.
2. 不可数名词，复数可数名词表示泛指时其前通常不用冠词。
Father went to his doctor for advice about his heart problem.
Mistakes are often the best teacher.
3. 表示季节，节日，星期几，月份等名词前通常不用冠词。
Autumn is the harvest season of the year.
On Christmas day the children often get presents from their parents.
We go to school from Monday to Friday.
The Long March started in October, 1943.
4. 名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不用冠词。
I like this picture better.
This is my address.Let's keep in touch.
I'd like some books about cars and toys.
5. 在学科，语言，三餐，棋类名词和球类运动名词前不用冠词。
We learned arithmetic at primary school.
Do you like playing basketball or rugby
Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people and English is spoken the most widely.
6. 称呼语或表示头衔，职位的名词作表语，补足语，同位语或与姓氏连用时，其前不用冠词。
Stay where you are, girl!
Father usually mops the floor while mother usually cooks the meal.
Mr.Li is a chairman of the meeting.
7. by与表示交通工具的名词连用表示一种交通方式时，名词前不用冠词。
He goes to school by bike every day.
Now many people want to travel by plane.
Did you get there by bike No,I went there in a taxi.